Best Practices in Construction 4.0:Catalysts of Digital Innovations(Part I)

Digital transformation in the AEC industry(Architecture,Engineering and Construction)is a key driver to enhance technical innovation in the branch and adds dynamic to all work processes and methods.A more differentiated understanding of the responsible use of innovative technologies aims not only towards increased technical,environmental,educational,societal and gender equality sustainability and more efficient building life cycles but also to recognize the unintended effects such as artificial intelligence(AI).The study is part of a larger primary research on Corporate Digital Responsibility(CDR)in Construction 4.0.This identifies,analyzes and systematically evaluates key factors of a sustainable digital transformation,especially in the traditionally small-scale Construction Industry,in which there can be no standardized procedure.The study uses interdisciplinary literature and data research and expert interviews.The qualitative method enables a critical-reflexive analysis of the key factors of meaningful and sustainable implementation of innovative technologies in Construction.Application examples show possible approaches,some of which are implemented as prototypes and provide guidance for small to medium-sized companies.The study outlines the necessary steps for companies to define their own potential fields of application and find suitable methods.Another aim of the study is to take stock of the acceptance of new technologies by comparing different perspectives from experts.The study results show new perspectives on the transformation of the Construction Industry.They show that Digital Transformation in Construction 4.0 has great potential for an economical,efficient construction life cycle,but requires the responsible,sensible use of innovative technologies.

Derwent Innovations Index数据库的主要特点及其检索方法

Derwent Innovations Index收录全面的专利文献，可以综合检索世界各国的专利文献，包括世界各地化学、电子电气以及工程技术领域内综合全面的发明信息，本文介绍该系统的特点、检索途径与方法等。

Laparoscopic colorectal surgery:current status andimplementation of the latest technological innovations

The introduction of laparoscopy is an example of surgical innovation with a rapid implementation in many areas of surgery. A large number of controlled studiesand meta-analyses have shown that laparoscopic colorectal surgery is associated with the same benefits than other minimally invasive procedures, including lesser pain, earlier recovery of bowel transit and shorter hospital stay. On the other hand, despite initial concerns about oncological safety, well-designed prospective randomized multicentre trials have demonstrated that oncological outcomes of laparoscopy and open surgery are similar. Although the use of laparoscopy in colorectal surgery has increased in recent years, the percentages of patients treated with surgery using minimally invasive techniques are still reduced and there are also substantial differences among centres. It has been argued that the limiting factor for the use of laparoscopic procedures is the number of surgeons with adequate skills to perform a laparoscopic colectomy rather than the tumour of patients' characteristics. In this regard, future efforts to increase the use of laparoscopic techniques in colorectal surgery will necessarily require more efforts in teaching surgeons. We here present a review of recent controversies of the use of laparoscopy in colorectal surgery, such as in rectal cancer operations, the possibility of reproducing complete mesocolon excision, and the benefits of intracorporeal anastomosis after right hemicolectomy. We also describe the results of latest innovations such as single incision laparoscopic surgery, robotic surgery and natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery for colon and rectal diseases.

Endoscopic innovations to increase the adenoma detection rate during colonoscopy

Up to a quarter of polyps and adenomas are missed during colonoscopy due to poor visualization behind folds and the inner curves of flexures,and the presence of flat lesions that are difficult to detect.These numbers may however be conservative because they mainly come from back-to-back studies performed with standard colonoscopes,which are unable to visualize the entire mucosal surface.In the past several years,new endoscopic techniques have been introduced to improve the detection of polyps and adenomas.The introduction of high definition colonoscopes and visual image enhancement technologies have been suggested to lead to better recognition of flat and small lesions,but the absolute increase in diagnostic yield seems limited.Cap assisted colonoscopy and water-exchange colonoscopy are methods to facilitate cecal intubation and increase patients comfort,but show only a marginal or no benefit on polyp and adenoma detection.Retroflexion is routinely used in the rectum for the inspection of the dentate line,but withdrawal in retroflexion in the colon is in general not recommended due to the risk of perforation.In contrast,colonoscopy with the Third-Eye Retroscope?may result in considerable lower miss rates compared to standard colonoscopy,but this technique is not practical in case of polypectomy and is more time consuming.The recently introduced Full Spectrum Endoscopy?colonoscopes maintains the technical capabilities of standard colonoscopes and provides a much wider view of 330 degrees compared to the 170 degrees with standard colonoscopes.Remarkable lower adenoma miss rates with this new technique were recently demonstrated in the first randomized study.Nonetheless,more studies are required to determine the exact additional diagnostic yield in clinical practice.Optimizing the efficacy of colorectal cancer screening and surveillance requires high definition colonoscopes with improved virtual chromoendoscopy technology that visualize the whole colon mucosa while maintaining optimal washing,suction and therapeutic capabilities,and keeping the procedural time as low and patient discomfort as optimal as possible.

COVID‑19 pandemic and the crude oil market risk:hedging options with non‑energy financial innovations

This study examines the hedging effectiveness of financial innovations against crude oil investment risks,both before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.We focus on the non-energy exchange traded funds(ETFs)as proxies for financial innovations given the potential positive correlation between energy variants and crude oil proxies.We employ a multivariate volatility modeling framework that accounts for important statistical features of the non-energy ETFs and oil price series in the computation of optimal weights and optimal hedging ratios.Results show evidence of hedging effectiveness for the financial innovations against oil market risks,with higher hedging performance observed during the pandemic.Overall,we show that sectoral financial innovations provide resilient investment options.Therefore,we propose that including the ETFs in an investment portfolio containing oil could improve risk-adjusted returns,especially in similar financial crisis as witnessed during the pandemic.In essence,our results are useful for investors in the global oil market seeking to maximize risk-adjusted returns when making investment decisions.Moreover,by exploring the role of structural breaks in the multivariate volatility framework,our attempts at establishing robustness for the results reveal that ignoring the same may lead to wrong conclusions about the hedging effectiveness.

Russian architectural town-planning traditions and innovations in the Far East in the second half of the XIX-the beginning of the XX centuries

The establishment on the Far East of the orthodox Church and cultural stereotypes of the traditional Russian city occurred through active church building. The temples of the Far Eastern cities by its position in urban environment played a role of the basic exponents of the spiritual-state ideals of Russia. Ussumption cathedrals in Khabarovsk and Vladivostok, Nikolsky cathedral in Nikcolsk-Ussurisk, Shadrinsky cathedral in Blagoveshchensk, Saint-Nikolaevsky at Russiand iplomatic mission in Seoul and other orthodox temples of the last thirty years of the XIX-the beginning of the XX-th centuries inherited ancient Russian tradition and were designed in the Byzantian style, style of the Moscow XVII century architecture, in Russian style. The ideas of ″the orthodox, the autocracy and the nationality″ in town-planning are expressed also in devotions of temples and names of new settlements. For example, a large number of temples is devoted to Saint Nicholas. Only in the Primorye Territory they are about 20. Harbin’s Saint-Nikolaevsky cathedral also in a name Nicholas. Harbin’s the Sofia church is devoted to a great symbol Ancient Russia and Russian Empire - church of Saint Sofia in Constantinople. The general plans of settlements and cities of the Far East of the second half of the XIX and boundary XIX-XX centuries were realized by two leading directions of town-planning of Russia: the first is based on the norms of regular town-planning, the second is one connected with the realization of the city - garden concept. The priority remains for classicismical tradition. At the same time, the general plans of Harbin, Dairen realized the innovative idea of the time-the concept of city-garden. On the Russian Far East social town-planning ideas of the city -gardens in a certain measure were embodied in 1910-s in the project of Alexseevsk town; Anutovsky country settlement on Ocean station near Vladivostok, later it was officially named-Garden-City; in a settlement for the railway servicemen on Nikolskay station of the Ussuriskay railway and others. Russian architectural town-planning tradition was enriched by new understanding of the social and town-planning purposes, realized in cities of the Far East in the end of the XIX-the beginning of the XX centuries.

Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications

Journal Publication Policy Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications(CVIA)supports the ethical principles set out by the Committee on Publication Ethics(COPE).All journal stakeholders and authors are required to observe high standards with respect to publication ethics as set out by COPE and International Committee of Medical Journal Editors(ICMJE).Authorship It is important that appropriate credit is awarded to the authors of a manuscript.In accordance with ICMJE guidelines to qualify as an author,a researcher should make substantive intellectual contributions to each of the following aspects:1.Concept and design of the study,acquisition of data,or analysis and interpretation of data.2.Critically drafting or revising of the manuscript for important intellectual content.3.Final approval of the version to be published.Each author should participate sufficiently in the work to take public responsibility for appropriate portions of the content.Acquisition of funding,collection of data,or general supervision of the research group alone does not justify authorship.4.Be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved.

Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications

Instructions for Author sJournal Publication Policy Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications (CVIA) supports the ethical principles set out by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). All journal stakeholders and authors are required to observe high standards with respect to publication ethics as set out by COPE and International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE).

Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications

Instructions for Authors Journal Publication Policy Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications(CVIA)supports the ethical principles set out by the Committee on Publication Ethics(COPE).All journal stakeholders and authors are required to observe high standards with respect to publication ethics as set out by COPE and International Committee of Medical Journal Editors(ICMJE).

Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications

Instructions for Authors.Journal Publication Policy Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications(CVIA)supports the ethical principles set out by the Committee on Publication Ethics(COPE).All journal stakeholders and authors are required to observe high standards with respect to publication ethics as set out by COPE and International Committee of Medical Journal Editors(ICMJE).

Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications

Instructions for AuthorsCardiovascular Innovations and Applications(CVIA)supports the ethical principles set out by the Committee on Publication Ethics(COPE).All journal stakeholders and authors are required to observe high standards with respect to publication ethics as set out by COPE and International Committee of Medical Journal Editors(ICMJE).Authorship It is important that appropriate credit is awarded to the authors of a manuscript.In accordance with ICMJE guidelines to qualify as an author,a researcher should make substantive intellectual contributions to each of the following aspects:1.Concept and design of the study.

Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications Instructions for Authors

Instructions for Authors,Journal Publication Policy Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications(CVIA)supports the ethical principles set out by the Committee on Publication Ethics(COPE).All journal stakeholders and authors are required to observe high standards with respect to publication ethics as set out by COPE and International Committee of Medical Journal Editors(ICMJE).

Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications Instructions for Authors

Instructions for Authors,Journal Publication Policy Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications(CVIA)supports the ethical principles set out by the Committee on Publication Ethics(COPE).All journal stakeholders and authors are required to observe high standards with respect to publication ethics as set out by COPE and International Committee of Medical Journal Editors(ICMJE).

Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications

Instructions for Authors Journal Publication Policy Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications(CVIA)supports the ethical principles set out by the Committee on Publication Ethics(COPE).All journal stakeholders and authors are required to observe high standards with respect to publication ethics as set out by COPE and International Committee of Medical Journal Editors(ICMJE).

Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications

Instructions for Authors.Journal Publication Policy Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications(CVIA)supports the ethical principles set out by the Committee on Publication Ethics(COPE).All journal stakeholders and authors are required to observe high standards with respect to publication ethics as set out by COPE and International Committee of Medical Journal Editors(ICMJE).

Innovations and Revolutions in Indian Agriculture: A Review

With a population of 1.35 billion to feed in 2018, innovations in Indian agriculture all along the value chains are critical to develop sustainable, productive and profitable agriculture. In this brief paper, focus is laid on innovations in various production technologies, farming practices, policies and institutional engineering that had significant impact in raising production and have been termed as revolutionary. For instance, Green Revolution is identified with significant changes in production of wheat and rice;White Revolution in milk;Blue Revolution in fisheries;Red Revolution in poultry meat and eggs;Golden Revolution in fruits and vegetables;Gene Revolution in cotton. The paper not only looks at these innovations and their impact in the past, but also peeps into innovations that are currently unfolding in other inputs in production processes such as in water use (irrigation), fertilizers usage, maintaining soil health, using farm machinery optimally in a small holder dominated agriculture. The key message of this paper is what can be achieved with small holders when innovations that are science based and are backed by right policies, are adopted.

Innovations in the Implementation of Polio Surveillance Enhancement Plan in Oyo State, Nigeria: Key Benefits, Lessons Learned, Challenges and Opportunities

Background: Nigeria attained the milestone of being certified wild poliovirus free in the year 2020. However, a drop in the key performance indicators of polio surveillance system was across various Local Government Areas (LGAs) in Oyo State. This drop highlighted the need for an innovative way of enhancing polio surveillance in Oyo State. Methods: This study was conducted in four phases and each phase utilized a cross-sectional study design and purposive sampling technique to select eligible LGAs and participants. LGAs that met at least two of the set-out criteria (had not reported at least a case of Acute Flaccid Paralysis (AFP) 12 months preceding the survey, with decline in AFP case detection rate, had not met AFP key indicators, are densely populated, and has an international border) were selected. A concurrent mixed method of data collection was utilized, and quantitative data were collected with a semi-structured questionnaire administered using Computer Assisted Personal Interviews (CAPI) during community active case search, health facility retroactive case search (HFRACS). Qualitative data collection was done through Focus Group Discussion (FGD). Surveillance intensification activities were conducted over eight weeks period. Data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel Software;summarization was done using frequencies and percentages while presentation was done using charts and spot maps. Results: A total of 1277, 49, 259 and 632 settlements, households and health facilities respectively were visited across 24 (73%) LGAs in Oyo State. Of the 150 suspected AFP cases identified, 45 (30%) were rejected cases, 33 (22%) were missed cases and 72 (48%) were true AFP cases. Non-Polio AFP Rate (NP-AFP rate) increased from 2.7 to 6.9 (P Conclusions: Innovative strategies implemented in AFP surveillance across Oyo State have resulted in improvement in AFP surveillance performance indicators in the State. There is therefore the need for dynamic and innovative ways of conducting AFP surveillance to prevent poliomyelitis epidemics and to ensure maintenance of Nigeria polio free certification status.

Common Innovations in Sino-Tibetan Languages

To establish a classification on the basis of genetic linguistics requires two indispensible conditions: common retention, including cognate lexical retention and cognate morphological retention, and common innovation in a language group. The first condition is primary, and is the motivation for classification and the evidence of a genetic relationship. The second condition is secondary and supportive, and is the feature,approach and sign of a language group. This article focuses on common innovations in the Sino-Tibetan language family. Tone, voiceless aspirated stops, affricates, classifiers, noun prefixes for kinship and overlap are six common innovations that are proposed for defining the Sino-Tibetan language family.

Innovations in Value-Addition of Agricultural By-Products in Uganda

The purpose of this review was to profile the existing innovations in the value addition of agricultural by-products and suggest innovations that could yield more value-added products from the available agricultural by-products in Uganda. These by-products were from crops, livestock, fish and forestry sub-sectors. The review indicated 7.8 million tons from the crops’ subsector, 6.69 million skins and hides, 2280 million tons of cow dung and 390,550 tons of chicken dung from the livestock subsector, 36,000 tons from the fish subsector and 440,000 m3 of sawdust and offcuts from the forestry sub-sector. Current innovations in value-addition of agricultural by-products included the making of briquettes, organic fertilizers, biogas, biochar, pellets and organic pesticides from the crop subsector. Cow dung from the livestock is used for plastering walls of houses, used as fertilizer and used for the production of biogas. Chicken droppings are as well used as fertilizer and for production of biogas. Fish frames and skins are mainly consumed in smoked form whereas trimmings are usually rolled into fish balls and then fried for people to eat while the fats are used for frying the fish balls. Sawdust has been mixed with cement to make wood-cement composite bricks that reduce the overall weight of the building. It is also being used as feed in the Indigenous Micro-Organisms (IMO) technology in the production of pigs. Proposed innovations include the use of bones to produce soft tissue, buttons, knife handles and bone meal. Blood can be used in making adhesives and fertilizers while fish oil is a major dietary source of long chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and so can be utilized to enrich different food products.

Factors Explaining the Dynamics of Agricultural Technological Innovations Adoption: Evidence from Senegal’s Rain Maize Farmer

This paper analyzes the adoption dynamics of improved rainfed maize seeds disseminated in Senegal in 2013 by the West African Agricultural Productivity Program (WAAPP). We group maize producers into five groups (non-adopters, laggards/abandoners, late adopters, followers and pioneers/innovators) and take into account the heterogeneity of unobservable characteristics of the producers. In the pioneers/innovators group, the availability of labour, household size, shocks, and frequency of access to advice positively influence adoption, whereas financial constraints and high numbers of plots reduce the probability of adoption. Producers in the followers’ category tend to be older and more educated than those in the other categories. However, food insecurity and shocks such as diseases hamper adoption. For the group of late adopters, household size and available storage infrastructures explain adoption. However, the number of plots and shocks reduces their probability of adoption. Laggards tend to face shocks and food insecurity. The authors recommend to consider the dynamics of the adoption of technological innovations and heterogeneity of the characteristics of adopters groups in future research. They also recommend farmers to increase their adoption rate of the “Early Thai” and “Suwan 1” seed varieties thanks to their higher yields compared to traditional varieties. Also, a higher adoption rate would positively impact the food security of maize farmers in Eastern Senegal and High Casamance, especially in terms of availability. Other studies measuring the number of years needed for large-scale adoption of improved seed varieties should be conducted.