命名数据网络中基于增强隔离林的Interest包洪泛攻击检测方法

IFA是NDN中的恶意攻击之一,危害较大.针对IFA,提出基于增强隔离林的IFA检测方法,通过在构造增强隔离林的过程中区分Interest包所携带的合法前缀与异常前缀,对异常前缀进行进一步判断,从而准确地检测出恶意前缀.所提出的方法将检测出的恶意前缀列入黑名单中,限制携带恶意前缀的Interest包转发.仿真结果表明:该方法能够有效地缓解IFA.

Reawakened Sexual Interest: The Result of Surgical Correction of Concealed Penis

Concealed penis (CP) is a developmental anomaly in which the penis is hidden in the skin of the abdomen, thigh or scrotum. As a result of this, the penis appears shortened in length. It was first described by Keyes Jr. E.L. in 1919. It can be associated with voiding problem and in adults, sexual issues, among others. Objective: To show that surgery can reverse celibacy induced by CP and highlight the need for an interdisciplinary approach to correction of this anomaly. Patient and Method: A thirty-one-year male patient who had a surgical release of his buried penis by two surgeons in 2019 in a private hospital. The case note was reviewed, the data obtained analyzed and the results including photographs, were presented. The patient was followed up. Result: A 10 cm length of penis and a hundred percent (100%) take of sheet of split skin graft used to resurface the denuded penis were achieved using combined spinal and epidural anesthesia. The patient, his mother and the surgeons were satisfied with the outcome. Consequently, he resolved to marry a wife after all. Conclusion: Concealed penis can now be regarded as a known cause of celibacy and surgical correction can reverse the celibate state.

Interest Rate and Some of Its Applications

Interest rates are a fundamental aspect of the economy and have a significant impact on various financial decisions such as borrowing, investing, and saving. They are the cost of borrowing money or the return on investment and are determined by various factors such as the supply and demand for credit, inflation expectations, and monetary policy decisions made by central banks. Changes in interest rates can have a major effect on the economy and can influence consumer spending, business investment, and overall economic growth. This makes it crucial for individuals, businesses, and policymakers to have a clear understanding of the dynamics of interest rates. Interest rates play an important role in determining the cost of borrowing money for individuals and businesses. A rise in interest rates can increase the cost of borrowing and make it more difficult for people and companies to access credit. This can lead to a decrease in consumer spending and business investment, which can slow down economic growth. On the other hand, a decrease in interest rates can make it easier for individuals and businesses to access credit and increase consumer spending and business investment, boosting economic growth. Central banks, such as the Federal Reserve in the United States, play a key role in determining interest rates by setting monetary policy. They use interest rate changes to influence the economy and reach their goals of stable prices, maximum employment, and moderate long-term interest rates. In conclusion, understanding the dynamics of interest rates is essential for making informed financial decisions and assessing the overall health of the economy. The impact of interest rates on the economy and individual financial decisions is far-reaching and long-lasting, making it a crucial topic for continued study and discussion.

命名数据网络中基于包标记的Interest泛洪攻击缓解研究

命名数据网络因其关注请求对象本身而非地址并具有网间缓存等特点,得到了学术界的肯定.但在Interest泛洪攻击中,攻击者恶意占用PIT表等资源,导致其拒绝对合法用户服务,从而使网络遭受严重危害.针对基于熵的Interest泛洪攻击防御方案在定位攻击源、网络开销方面存在的不足,提出了一种基于包标记的缓解方法.该方法通过让Interest包携带边缘路由器信息,在检测到攻击并找出恶意前缀后对攻击源进行定位,然后向下游路由器发送溯源数据包,从而对攻击者采取限制措施.仿真结果表明:该方法可以更加精确地定位攻击源并有效地降低网络中的开销.

“What are you interested in?”—A survey on 601 nursing homes residents activities interests

Lack of engagement in activities is a common feature of nursing homes residents. As apathy is the most frequent behavioural disturbance, understanding residents’ interests is a milestone for tailored challenging interventions targeting engagement enhancement. Objective: To depict the activities interests of nursing homes residents. Method: An electronic version of the Test of Interest “TILT” which regroups 40 images of activities has been developed and adapted for the Ipad. Residents were asked to answer by yes or no to the question “are you interested by this activity”, for each activity found interesting, the patient had then to categorize it in either Work/ occupation-Personal-Leisure-Family. Population: A total of 601 residents from 19 nursing homes have completed the survey from March to May 2011. The surveyed nursing homes from the South East of France were comparable of nursing homes figures in France. Results: We interviewed 601 individuals (female, n = 484) aged 85.9 years, out of those, 56% had stayed more than one year in an institution. Nearly half of the population (45.3%) was from 80 - 89 year of age, followed by 36.1% from 90 - 99. The educational background was principally from primary school (36%) and high school (30.8%). Most of the residents were classified has having dementia (35.3%). From the 40 activities presented to each participant, “enjoying a good meal” has been found to be the most interesting activity by 83% of the population followed by “dressing up”, 75.9% and “watching TV”, 75.5%. Female participants reported more interest in place of worship, family pictures and being with grand children then males (p < 0.01). We found that the presence of “dementia” diagnosis” triggered the lack of interest compared to none demented or none cognitively impaired residents (p < 0.01). It was found that participants aged 55 - 69 were more the most interested to do video games (p < 0.05), though this may be interpreted as a positive step toward functional and cognitive rehabilitation program using virtual reality as a mean for intervention.

Discussion on improving Students'Interests in College English Teaching Class

Interest plays an important role in English learning.Therefore college English teachers should adopt various teaching approaches and methods to arouse students'learning interests in their regular teaching classes.It has been found that using effective approaches certainly helps English teaching.

Concept of common interests of mankind in the global environmental protection

The concept of common interests of mankind in the environmental protec-tion spurred -by the internationalized and globalized environmental problems are discussed in this paper. While making challenges for many principles and rules of international law and the traditional conception of national security, the concept does play its role in strengthening the environmental protection. However, it cannot be neglected that diflerent national interests pose an obstacle to the realization of the common interests of mankind in the envirormental protection. The article concludes that whether the concept plays its greater role in the environmental protection will depend on many factors, such as the spread of environmental awareness, the revision of the traditional conception and the balanced development of the world economy.

On Improving Students' Interest

In schools,many students aren't interested in English and they don't like studying English.This is a great problem that needs to be solved by teachers.'Interest is the best teacher'.This paper provides four main teaching methods to develop the students' interest:situational teaching,games,songs and humor.

Effective Ways to Improve Students'Interests in English Classes

Interest is the key role in English learning. Thus, English teachers should take effective ways to raise students'interests in teaching classes. Scientific investigation has proved that using effective approaches certainly helps arousing students'interests in English teaching.

On Ways of Arousing Professional-College Students' English Interest

Although so many methods have been put forward about arousing students' English interest,college teachers still encounter various difficulties in practical teaching.Based on the practical professional-college English teaching experiences,five more concrete and practical means will be puts forward from a professional-college English teacher's perspective,so as to get the conclusion that teachers should first get good acknowledgement of their students and then apply proper and effective ways to arouse students' English interest.

命名数据网络中基于信息熵的Interest洪泛攻击检测与防御

在命名数据网络中,兴趣包洪泛攻击通过向网络发送大量恶意interest包来消耗网络资源,从而对NDN造成较大危害.针对目前所提出的IFA攻击检测与防御方法存在攻击模式单一、在应对复杂攻击模式时效果不明显等局限,提出一种基于信息熵的改进方法(EIM),该方法通过与NDN路由器相连的用户的信誉值和信息熵相结合来限制攻击者发送的恶意interest包,很好地解决了现有方法在应对复杂的攻击模式时的局限性.仿真结果表明EIM较信息熵方法能够更有效地缓解IFA.

命名数据网络中Interest洪泛攻击检测与防御

根据命名数据网络使用数据名称进行数据转发的特性,目前NDN中出现了一种基于兴趣包洪泛攻击的分布式拒绝服务攻击,对NDN网络危害较大.针对IFA,提出了一种基于Poseidon的改进方法——PAP,检测NDN路由器接口是否存在IFA,并构建interest包超时未响应表判断疑似恶意前缀.若存在IFA,则概率性限制该接口接收名称包含疑似恶意前缀的interest包速率,仿真结果表明PAP能够有效缓解IFA.

Charging Pile Siting Recommendations via the Fusion of Points of Interest and Vehicle Trajectories

By mining of the requirements of lots of electric vehicle users for charging piles, this paper proposes the charging pile siting algorithm via the fusion of Points of Interest and vehicle trajectories. The proposed algorithm computes appropriate charging pile locations by: 1) mining user Points of Interest from social network; 2) mining parking sites of vehicle form GPS trajectories and 3) fusing the Points of Interest and parking sites together then clustering the fusions with our improved DBSCAN algorithm, whose clustering results indicates the final appropriate charging pile locations. Experimental results show that our proposed methods are more efficient than existing methods.

A New Region-of-interest Coding Method to Control the Relative Quality of Progressive Decoded Images

Based on the ideas of controlling relative quality and rearranging bitplanes, a new ROI coding method for JPEG2000 was proposed, which shifts and rearranges bitplanes in units of bitplane groups. It can code arbitrary shaped ROI without shape coding, and reserve almost arbitrary percent of background information. It also can control the relative quality of progressive decoded images. In addition, it is easy to be implemented and has low computational cost.

Enhancing Interest Forwarding for Fast Recovery from Unanticipated Data Access Failure in NDN

We show that an aggregated Interest in Named Data Networking (NDN) may fail to retrieve desired data since the Interest previously sent upstream for the same content is judged as a duplicate one and then dropped by an upstream node due to its multipath forwarding. Furthermore, we propose NDRUDAF, a NACK based mechanism that enhances the Interest forwarding and enables Detection and fast Recovery from such Unanticipated Data Access Failure. In the NDN enhanced with NDRUDAF, the router that aggregates the Interest detects such unanticipated data access failure based on a negative acknowledgement from the upstream node that judges the Interest as a duplicate one. Then the router retransmits the Interest as soon as possible on behalf of the requester whose Interest is aggregated to fast recover from the data access failure. We qualitatively and quantitatively analyze the performance of the NDN enhanced with our proposed NDRUDAF and compare it with that of the present NDN. Our experimental results validate that NDRUDAF improves the system performance in case of such unanticipated data access failure in terms of data access delay and network resource utilization efficiency at routers.

Analysis of Hidden Danger in Farmer's Rights and Interests during Farmland Transfer——An Evaluation of Rights Safeguarding Effect of Farmland Transfer Contract

Taking Shuangliu County,Chengdu City,China as an example,evaluation index system for the rights protection effects of farmland transfer is established contract from three aspects of basic information,transfer agreement and legal safeguards in the contracts.According to the investigation data,weight of evaluation index is determined by both entropy weight and Analytic Hierarchy Process.Comprehensive index method is used to evaluate the rights protection effects of farmland transfer contract in the flat dam,high hill and low hill in Shuangliu County,Chengdu,China.Result shows that the transfer agreement of farmland and the basic information of contract greatly affect the rights protection effects of farmland transfer contract.There are differences in the five indices of the information of the signature of contract,pricing for payment,time limit for farmland transfer,transfer mode of farmland,and use range of farmland transfer.During the farmland transfer in reality,there are three hidden dangers in farmer's land rights and interests,which are the ill-formed transfer behavior,the relatively low income of farmers from farmland transfer,and the quality decline of farmland and difficult full reclamation in transfer period.Based on the evaluation result and investigation data,countermeasures are put forward to improve the rights protection effects of farmland transfer contract.

Conflicts of interest in nutritional sciences: The forgotten bias in meta-analysis

Awareness of conflicts of interest(COI) in medicine began in the 1980 s. More recently, the problem has gained notoriety in nutritional sciences. COI with industry could bias study conclusions in the context of research activities and scientific publications on nutritional sciences. The issue of COI in nutritional sciences deserves more attention and requires careful analyses as biased information can negatively impact the development of dietary guidelines and, ultimately, population health. Decision-making is generally based on available, published evidence, but when the results are ambivalent, it is easier to opt for the status quo and ask for more studies. Readers might wonder if research is subsidized by industry as a counterbalancing strategy based on levels of evidence-only to slow down eminent positions and/or legislation on the food sector? How can this problem be overcome without producing paranoia and Mc Carthyism while trying to be as methodological as possible?

Science of weight loss supplements:Compromised by conflicts of interest?

Weight loss supplements often contain powerful pharmacoactive ingredients with the potential to cause harm. Trials used to determine product safety and effectiveness, meanwhile,tend to be small, of short duration, and frequently lack financial conflict of interest disclosures. These factors could conspire to place consumers at risk, especially when published research cited in advertising cloaks products with the suggestion that their safety and effectiveness have been proven by science. Examples of current and former weight loss products backed by potentially con? icted or low quality research include Metabolife-356, Hydroxycut, Xenadrine and LeptiCore. Published research, especially in the field of weight loss supplements, needs better conflict of interest disclosure, and regulators should consider how research f indings are used in marketing claims.

Pricing Stochastic Barrier Options under Hull-White Interest Rate Model

A barrier option valuation model with stochastic barrier which was regarded as the main feature of the model was developed under the Hull-White interest rate model.The purpose of this study was to deal with the stochastic barrier by means of partial differential equation methods and then derive the exact analytical solutions of the barrier options.Furthermore,a numerical example was given to show how to apply this model to pricing one structured product in realistic market.Therefore,this model can provide new insight for future research on structured products involving barrier options.