A Posteriori Error Estimate of Two Grid Mixed Finite Element Methods for Semilinear Elliptic Equations

In this paper, we present the a posteriori error estimate of two-grid mixed finite element methods by averaging techniques for semilinear elliptic equations. We first propose the two-grid algorithms to linearize the mixed method equations. Then, the averaging technique is used to construct the a posteriori error estimates of the two-grid mixed finite element method and theoretical analysis are given for the error estimators. Finally, we give some numerical examples to verify the reliability and efficiency of the a posteriori error estimator.

IMPLICIT-EXPLICIT MULTISTEP FINITE ELEMENT-MIXED FINITE ELEMENT METHODS FOR THE TRANSIENT BEHAVIOR OF A SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE

The transient behavior of a semiconductor device consists of a Poisson equation for the electric potential and of two nonlinear parabolic equations for the electron density and hole density. The electric potential equation is discretized by a mixed finite element method. The electron and hole density equations are treated by implicit-explicit multistep finite element methods. The schemes are very efficient. The optimal order error estimates both in time and space are derived.

MIXED FINITE ELEMENT METHODS FOR THE SHALLOW WATER EQUATIONS INCLUDING CURRENT AND SILT SEDIMENTATION (Ⅱ)——THE DISCRETE-TIME CASE ALONG CHARACTERISTICS

The mixed finite element(MFE) methods for a shallow water equation system consisting of water dynamics equations,silt transport equation,and the equation of bottom topography change were derived.A fully discrete MFE scheme for the discrete_time along characteristics is presented and error estimates are established.The existence and convergence of MFE solution of the discrete current velocity,elevation of the bottom topography,thickness of fluid column,and mass rate of sediment is demonstrated.

Discrete formulation of mixed finite element methods for vapor deposition chemical reaction equations

The vapor deposition chemical reaction processes, which are of extremely extensive applications, can be classified as a mathematical model by the following governing nonlinear partial differential equations containing velocity vector, temperature field, pressure field, and gas mass field. The mixed finite element （MFE） method is employed to study the system of equations for the vapor deposition chemical reaction processes. The semidiscrete and fully discrete MFE formulations are derived. And the existence and convergence （error estimate） of the semidiscrete and fully discrete MFE solutions are demonstrated. By employing MFE method to treat the system of equations for the vapor deposition chemical reaction processes, the numerical solutions of the velocity vector, the temperature field, the pressure field, and the gas mass field can be found out simultaneously. Thus, these researches are not only of important theoretical means, but also of extremely extensive applied vistas.

MIXED FINITE ELEMENT METHODS FOR THE SHALLOW WATER EQUATIONS INCLUDING CURRENT AND SILT SEDIMENTA-TION (Ⅰ)-THE CONTINUOUS-TIME CASE

An initial-boundary value problem for shallow equation system consisting of water dynamics equations,silt transport equation, the equation of bottom topography change,and of some boundary and initial conditions is studied, the existence of its generalized solution and semidiscrete mixed finite element(MFE) solution was discussed, and the error estimates of the semidiscrete MFE solution was derived.The error estimates are optimal.

Mixed Finite Element Methods for the Ferrofluid Model with Magnetization Paralleled to the Magnetic Field

Mixed finite element methods are considered for a ferrofluid flow model with magnetization paralleled to the magnetic field.The ferrofluid model is a coupled system of the Maxwell equations and the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations.By skillfully introducing some new variables,the model is rewritten as several decoupled subsystems that can be solved independently.Mixed finite element formulations are given to discretize the decoupled systems with proper finite element spaces.Existence and uniqueness of the mixed finite element solutions are shown,and optimal order error estimates are obtained under some reasonable assumptions.Numerical experiments confirm the theoretical results.

Higher Order Triangular Mixed Finite Element Methods for Semilinear Quadratic Optimal Control Problems

In this paper,we investigate a priori error estimates for the quadratic optimal control problems governed by semilinear elliptic partial differential equations using higher order triangular mixed finite element methods.The state and the co-state are approximated by the order k Raviart-Thomas mixed finite element spaces and the control is approximated by piecewise polynomials of order k(k≥0).A priori error estimates for the mixed finite element approximation of semilinear control problems are obtained.Finally,we present some numerical examples which confirm our theoretical results.

Analysis of Two-Grid Methods for Nonlinear Parabolic Equations by Expanded Mixed Finite Element Methods

In this paper,we present an efficient method of two-grid scheme for the approximation of two-dimensional nonlinear parabolic equations using an expanded mixed finite element method.We use two Newton iterations on the fine grid in our methods.Firstly,we solve an original nonlinear problem on the coarse nonlinear grid,then we use Newton iterations on the fine grid twice.The two-grid idea is from Xu's work[SIAM J.Numer.Anal.,33(1996),pp.1759–1777]on standard finite method.We also obtain the error estimates for the algorithms of the two-grid method.It is shown that the algorithm achieve asymptotically optimal approximation rate with the two-grid methods as long as the mesh sizes satisfy h=O(H^((4k+1)/(k+1))).

Fully Discrete H^(1) -Galerkin Mixed Finite Element Methods for Parabolic Optimal Control Problems

In this paper,we investigate a priori and a posteriori error estimates of fully discrete H^(1)-Galerkin mixed finite element methods for parabolic optimal control prob-lems.The state variables and co-state variables are approximated by the lowest order Raviart-Thomas mixed finite element and linear finite element,and the control vari-able is approximated by piecewise constant functions.The time discretization of the state and co-state are based on finite difference methods.First,we derive a priori error estimates for the control variable,the state variables and the adjoint state variables.Second,by use of energy approach,we derive a posteriori error estimates for optimal control problems,assuming that only the underlying mesh is static.A numerical example is presented to verify the theoretical results on a priori error estimates.

Two-Grid Discretization Scheme for Nonlinear Reaction Diffusion Equation by Mixed Finite Element Methods

In this paper,we study an efficient scheme for nonlinear reaction-diffusion equations discretized by mixed finite element methods.We mainly concern the case when pressure coefficients and source terms are nonlinear.To linearize the nonlinear mixed equations,we use the two-grid algorithm.We first solve the nonlinear equations on the coarse grid,then,on the fine mesh,we solve a linearized problem using Newton iteration once.It is shown that the algorithm can achieve asymptotically optimal approximation as long as the mesh sizes satisfy H=O(h 1/2).As a result,solving such a large class of nonlinear equations will not be much more difficult than getting solutions of one linearized system.

L∞-ESTIMATES OF MIXED FINITE ELEMENT METHODS FOR GENERAL NONLINEAR OPTIMAL CONTROL PROBLEMS

This paper investigates L∞--estimates for the general optimal control problems governed by two-dimensional nonlinear elliptic equations with pointwise control constraints using mixed finite element methods. The state and the co-state are approximated by the lowest order Raviart-Thomas mixed finite element spaces and the control is approximated by piecewise constant functions. The authors derive L∞--estimates for the mixed finite element approximation of nonlinear optimal control problems. Finally, the numerical examples are given.

Error Estimates and Superconvergence of Mixed Finite Element Methods for Optimal Control Problems with Low Regularity

In this paper,we investigate the error estimates and superconvergence property of mixed finite element methods for elliptic optimal control problems.The state and co-state are approximated by the lowest order Raviart-Thomas mixed fi-nite element spaces and the control variable is approximated by piecewise constant functions.We derive L^(2) and L^(∞)-error estimates for the control variable.Moreover,using a recovery operator,we also derive some superconvergence results for the control variable.Finally,a numerical example is given to demonstrate the theoretical results.

Superconvergence of Rectangular Mixed Finite Element Methods for Constrained Optimal Control Problem

We investigate the superconvergence properties of the constrained quadratic elliptic optimal control problem which is solved by using rectangular mixed finite element methods.We use the lowest order Raviart-Thomas mixed finite element spaces to approximate the state and co-state variables and use piecewise constant functions to approximate the control variable.We obtain the superconvergence of O(h^(1+s))(0<s≤1)for the control variable.Finally,we present two numerical examples to confirm our superconvergence results.

Comparison of Finite Difference and Mixed Finite Element Methods for Perfectly Matched Layer Models

We consider the anisotropic uniaxial formulation of the perfectly matched layer(UPML)model for Maxwell’s equations in the time domain.We present and analyze a mixed finite element method for the discretization of the UPML in the time domain to simulate wave propagation on unbounded domains in two dimensions.On rectangles the spatial discretization uses bilinear finite elements for the electric field and the lowest order Raviart-Thomas divergence conforming elements for the magnetic field.We use a centered finite difference method for the time discretization.We compare the finite element technique presented to the finite difference time domain method(FDTD)via a numerical reflection coefficient analysis.We derive the numerical reflection coefficient for the case of a semi-infinite PML layer to show consistency between the numerical and continuous models,and in the case of a finite PML to study the effects of terminating the absorbing layer.Finally,we demonstrate the effectiveness of the mixed finite element scheme for the UPML by a numerical example and provide comparisons with the split field PML discretized by the FDTD method.In conclusion,we observe that the mixed finite element scheme for the UPML model has absorbing properties that are comparable to the FDTD method.

A Posteriori Error Estimates of Triangular Mixed Finite Element Methods for Semilinear Optimal Control Problems

In this paper,we present an a posteriori error estimates of semilinear quadratic constrained optimal control problems using triangular mixed finite element methods.The state and co-state are approximated by the order k≤1 RaviartThomas mixed finite element spaces and the control is approximated by piecewise constant element.We derive a posteriori error estimates for the coupled state and control approximations.A numerical example is presented in confirmation of the theory.

ERROR REDUCTION, CONVERGENCE AND OPTIMALITY FOR ADAPTIVE MIXED FINITE ELEMENT METHODS FOR DIFFUSION EQUATIONS

Error reduction, convergence and optimality are analyzed for adaptive mixed finite element methods （AMFEM） for diffusion equations without marking the oscillation of data. Firstly, the quasi-error, i.e. the sum of the stress variable error and the scaled error estimator, is shown to reduce with a fixed factor between two successive adaptive loops, up to an oscillation. Secondly, the convergence of AMFEM is obtained with respect to the quasi-error plus the divergence of the flux error. Finally, the quasi-optimal convergence rate is established for the total error, i.e. the stress variable error plus the data oscillation.

Error estimates of triangular mixed finite element methods for quasilinear optimal control problems

The goal of this paper is to study a mixed finite element approximation of the general convex optimal control problems governed by quasilinear elliptic partial differential equations. The state and co-state are approximated by the lowest order Raviart-Thomas mixed finite element spaces and the control is approximated by piecewise constant functions. We derive a priori error estimates both for the state variables and the control variable. Finally, some numerical examples are given to demonstrate the theoretical results.

TWO-GRID ALGORITHM OF H^(1)-GALERKIN MIXED FINITE ELEMENT METHODS FOR SEMILINEAR PARABOLIC INTEGRO-DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

In this paper,we present a two-grid discretization scheme for semilinear parabolic integro-differential equations by H1-Galerkin mixed finite element methods.We use the lowest order Raviart-Thomas mixed finite elements and continuous linear finite element for spatial discretization,and backward Euler scheme for temporal discretization.Firstly,a priori error estimates and some superclose properties are derived.Secondly,a two-grid scheme is presented and its convergence is discussed.In the proposed two-grid scheme,the solution of the nonlinear system on a fine grid is reduced to the solution of the nonlinear system on a much coarser grid and the solution of two symmetric and positive definite linear algebraic equations on the fine grid and the resulting solution still maintains optimal accuracy.Finally,a numerical experiment is implemented to verify theoretical results of the proposed scheme.The theoretical and numerical results show that the two-grid method achieves the same convergence property as the one-grid method with the choice h=H^(2).

Error estimates of H^1-Galerkin mixed finite element method for Schrdinger equation

An H^1-Galerkin mixed finite element method is discussed for a class of second order SchrSdinger equation. Optimal error estimates of semidiscrete schemes are derived for problems in one space dimension. At the same time, optimal error estimates are derived for fully discrete schemes. And it is showed that the H1-Galerkin mixed finite element approximations have the same rate of convergence as in the classical mixed finite element methods without requiring the LBB consistency condition.

Mixed time discontinuous space-time finite element method for convection diffusion equations

A mixed time discontinuous space-time finite element scheme for secondorder convection diffusion problems is constructed and analyzed. Order of the equation is lowered by the mixed finite element method. The low order equation is discretized with a space-time finite element method, continuous in space but discontinuous in time. Stability, existence, uniqueness and convergence of the approximate solutions are proved. Numerical results are presented to illustrate efficiency of the proposed method.