The pack boriding process was used to treat pure nickel at a boriding temperature of 950 ℃ for a boriding time of 5 h. A dense and continuous borided layer with 40 μm thickness was obtained on pure nickel. Corrosion...The pack boriding process was used to treat pure nickel at a boriding temperature of 950 ℃ for a boriding time of 5 h. A dense and continuous borided layer with 40 μm thickness was obtained on pure nickel. Corrosion behavior of the borided layer was investigated in molten LiCl 10%Li 2O(mass fraction) at 750 ℃ in air. The mass loss of the boriding coating was 8.4 mg·cm -2 after being corroded for 50 h in the melt, which is about three times lower than that of unborided pure nickel. The preferential corrosion of B in borided layer effectively prevents the corrosion of nickel, which improves the corrosion resistance of pure nickel in molten LiCl Li 2O.展开更多
用等压法研究了298.15 K下L iC l-L i2B4O7-H2O体系在不同L iB4O7质量摩尔浓度时的等压平衡浓度,水活度;计算了L iC l和L i2B4O7混合盐溶液的渗透系数等热力学性质.用298.15 K下的实验数据对P itzer离子相互作用模型进行了参数化研究,...用等压法研究了298.15 K下L iC l-L i2B4O7-H2O体系在不同L iB4O7质量摩尔浓度时的等压平衡浓度,水活度;计算了L iC l和L i2B4O7混合盐溶液的渗透系数等热力学性质.用298.15 K下的实验数据对P itzer离子相互作用模型进行了参数化研究,拟合求取了298.15 K下P itzer离子相互作用参数,用获得的参数计算了L iC l和L i2B4O7在L iC l-L i2B4O7-H2O体系中的活度系数.P itzer模型计算的渗透系数值与实验结果一致.展开更多
利用锂化还原处理技术处理乏燃料时,形成的L iC l-L i2O混合熔盐将使反应容器和传送装置材料发生强烈的腐蚀.采用浸没法腐蚀实验研究了纯C r在750℃下,不同浓度熔融L iC l-L i2O中的腐蚀行为.实验结果表明,随着L i2O浓度的增加,纯C r在...利用锂化还原处理技术处理乏燃料时,形成的L iC l-L i2O混合熔盐将使反应容器和传送装置材料发生强烈的腐蚀.采用浸没法腐蚀实验研究了纯C r在750℃下,不同浓度熔融L iC l-L i2O中的腐蚀行为.实验结果表明,随着L i2O浓度的增加,纯C r在750℃熔融L iC l-L i2O中的腐蚀产物发生了由L iC rO2向L i2C rO4的转变,这与热力学计算得到的相稳定图一致.腐蚀减重随L i2O浓度的升高而增大.展开更多
Implementation of non-precious electrocatalysts is key-enabling for water electrolysis to relieve challenges in energy and environmental sustainability. Self-supporting Ni-V2O3 electrodes consisting of nanostrip-like ...Implementation of non-precious electrocatalysts is key-enabling for water electrolysis to relieve challenges in energy and environmental sustainability. Self-supporting Ni-V2O3 electrodes consisting of nanostrip-like V2O3 perpendicularly anchored on Ni meshes are herein constructed via the electrochemical reduction of soluble NaVO3 in molten salts for enhanced electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution. Such a special configuration in morphology and composition creates a well confined interface between Ni and V2O3. Experimental and Density-Functional-Theory results confirm that the synergy between Ni and V2O3 accelerates the dissociation of H2O for forming hydrogen intermediates and enhances the combination of H*for generating H2.展开更多
The Y-Eu oxalate precursor was prepared with a homogeneous precipitation method. And the additives, Na2CO3, S, NaCl or their combination, were introduced into the precursor to prepare Y2O3 ：Eu^3＋ red phosphors at 10...The Y-Eu oxalate precursor was prepared with a homogeneous precipitation method. And the additives, Na2CO3, S, NaCl or their combination, were introduced into the precursor to prepare Y2O3 ：Eu^3＋ red phosphors at 1000 1300 ℃ for 2 h. The effect of molten salts on particle size and luminescent intensity was studied. The experimental results showed that the complex molten salt （Na：CO3 ＋ S ＋ NaCl） was conductive to enhance the luminescent intensity of Y2O3 ：Eu^3＋. The emission intensity of the phosphor prepared with these additives at 1300 ℃ was about 45% higher than that of the one prepared without molten salt, and about 11% higher than that of the corresponding commercial phosphor. Meanwhile, the particle size of Y2O3 ：Eu^3＋ phosphor was controlled effectively with the molten salt.展开更多
Bismuth titanate （Bi4Ti3O12） platelets were prepared by molten salt method in a new salt system of CaCl2·NaCl at 650-750℃, using bismuth nitrate pentahydrate （Bi （NO3）3·H2O） and titanium butoxide （Ti...Bismuth titanate （Bi4Ti3O12） platelets were prepared by molten salt method in a new salt system of CaCl2·NaCl at 650-750℃, using bismuth nitrate pentahydrate （Bi （NO3）3·H2O） and titanium butoxide （Ti （OC4H9）4） as raw materials. The synthesis temperature of Bi4Ti3O12 platelets was decreased to 650℃ from 900-1100℃. The phase compositions and crystalline morphology of Bi4Ti3O12 platelets were investigated by XRD and SEM. The experimental results indicate that Bi4Ti3O12 platelets containing tetragonal and orthorhombic phase with the size of 1-3μm can be synthesized at 650℃ for 2 h, and the orthorhombic phase becomes the dominant phase at 750℃ for 5 h. The size and proportion of Bi4Ti3O12 platelets increase with the increment of the calcining temperature and holding time. The proportion of platelets increases to about ninety percent, and the platelets grow up to about 3-10μm at 750℃ for 5 h from 1-2μm at 650℃ for 2 h. This technical route provides a new low-temperature molten salt system for preparing platelets by molten salt methods.展开更多
Erratum to:International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials Volume 26, Number 6, June 2019, Page 701https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-019-1775-z The acknowledgements of this article unfortunately contained a m...Erratum to:International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials Volume 26, Number 6, June 2019, Page 701https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-019-1775-z The acknowledgements of this article unfortunately contained a mistake. The grant number of the National Natural展开更多
β-Mn2V2O7 crystals with strip shape are successfully prepared by the molten salt method in a closed crucible, and are characterized by x-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, transmission ele...β-Mn2V2O7 crystals with strip shape are successfully prepared by the molten salt method in a closed crucible, and are characterized by x-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, selected area of electron diffraction （SAED） and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy （HRTEM）. The results indicate that the sample is of the β-Mn2V2O7 crystal with monoclinic symmetry, level natural cleavage facets and directional growth. Magnetic properties are measured by vibration sample magnetometry （VSM） at room temperature, and the magnetic hysteresis loop indicates that the β-Mn2V2O7 has anti-ferromagnetic properties with low coercive force and remnant magnetization. The magnetic measurement results in different directions exhibit that the β-Mn2V2O7 has magnetic anisotropy, which is due to the fact that the magnetic interaction energy of the β-Mn2V2O7 is lowest only when the electron configuration is in a certain direction.展开更多
Sr0.6 Ba0.4 Nb2 O6 micro-rods are prepared by the molten-salt method with K2 SO4,KCl-K2 SO4,and KCl as fluxes.It reveals that the Sr0.6 Ba0.4 Nb2 O6 synthesized with KCl as a flux exhibits a single phase with tetragon...Sr0.6 Ba0.4 Nb2 O6 micro-rods are prepared by the molten-salt method with K2 SO4,KCl-K2 SO4,and KCl as fluxes.It reveals that the Sr0.6 Ba0.4 Nb2 O6 synthesized with KCl as a flux exhibits a single phase with tetragonal tungsten bronze structure.The measurement of X-ray diffraction indicates that the Sr0.6 Ba0.4 Nb2 O6 micro-rods synthesized at 1 300℃are anisotropic.The morphology of the powers is examined by transmission electron microscope.It reveals that the length-diameter ratio of Sr0.6 Ba0.4 Nb2 O6 micro-rods increases with increasing annealing temperature from 900℃to 1 300℃.At 1 300℃,the rod possesses a large length-diameter ratio of 8∶1.Moreover,the analysis of the piezoelectric properties of single micro-rods using apiezo-response force microscope indicates that the domains of the material are arranged along its radial direction.展开更多
Vanadium trioxide（V2O3） was directly prepared by NaVO3 electrolysis in Na Cl molten salts. Electrolysis products were characterized by X-ray diffraction（XRD）, scanning electron microscopy（SEM） and energy dispers...Vanadium trioxide（V2O3） was directly prepared by NaVO3 electrolysis in Na Cl molten salts. Electrolysis products were characterized by X-ray diffraction（XRD）, scanning electron microscopy（SEM） and energy dispersive spectroscopy（EDS）. The existing state and electrochemical behavior of NaVO3 were also studied. The results indicated that V2O3 can be obtained from NaVO3. VC and C were also formed at high cell voltage, high temperature, and long electrolysis time. During electrolysis, NaVO3 was dissociated to Na＋ and VO3-in Na Cl molten salt. NaVO3 was initially electro-reduced to V2O3 on cathode and Na2O was released simultaneously. Na2CO3 was formed due to the reaction between Na2O and CO2. The production of C was ascribed to the electro-reduction of CO3（2-）. VC was produced due to the reaction between C and V2O3.展开更多
The chemical reaction and dissolution processes of RE2 O3 in REF3-LiF（RE = La and Nd） molten salts were studied by X-ray diffraction, differential thermal analysis and chemical analysis. Firstly, RE2 O3 disperses in...The chemical reaction and dissolution processes of RE2 O3 in REF3-LiF（RE = La and Nd） molten salts were studied by X-ray diffraction, differential thermal analysis and chemical analysis. Firstly, RE2 O3 disperses in molten salts and reacts with REF3 and LiF, which lead to the generation of a new phase REOF, resulting in the dissociation or formation of complex ions by part of REOF, and the sedimentation of excessive REOF at the bottom. The RE contents in molten salts were used to determine the solubility of RE2 O3. The results show that with 20 mol%-40 mol% of REF3, the solubility ranges from 1.79 to 3.05 g RE2 O3 per100 g electrolyte and the corresponding mole concentration is 0.33%-0.87%. RE2 O3 solubility increases with increasing temperature and REF3 concentration. The natural logarithm of the RE2 O3 solubility is plotted against 1/T and can be interpreted by linear relationship. The fitting parameters can be used to estimate the solubility of RE2 O3 with minimized experimental efforts and difficult experiment conditions.展开更多
文摘The pack boriding process was used to treat pure nickel at a boriding temperature of 950 ℃ for a boriding time of 5 h. A dense and continuous borided layer with 40 μm thickness was obtained on pure nickel. Corrosion behavior of the borided layer was investigated in molten LiCl 10%Li 2O(mass fraction) at 750 ℃ in air. The mass loss of the boriding coating was 8.4 mg·cm -2 after being corroded for 50 h in the melt, which is about three times lower than that of unborided pure nickel. The preferential corrosion of B in borided layer effectively prevents the corrosion of nickel, which improves the corrosion resistance of pure nickel in molten LiCl Li 2O.
文摘用等压法研究了298.15 K下L iC l-L i2B4O7-H2O体系在不同L iB4O7质量摩尔浓度时的等压平衡浓度,水活度;计算了L iC l和L i2B4O7混合盐溶液的渗透系数等热力学性质.用298.15 K下的实验数据对P itzer离子相互作用模型进行了参数化研究,拟合求取了298.15 K下P itzer离子相互作用参数,用获得的参数计算了L iC l和L i2B4O7在L iC l-L i2B4O7-H2O体系中的活度系数.P itzer模型计算的渗透系数值与实验结果一致.
文摘利用锂化还原处理技术处理乏燃料时,形成的L iC l-L i2O混合熔盐将使反应容器和传送装置材料发生强烈的腐蚀.采用浸没法腐蚀实验研究了纯C r在750℃下,不同浓度熔融L iC l-L i2O中的腐蚀行为.实验结果表明,随着L i2O浓度的增加,纯C r在750℃熔融L iC l-L i2O中的腐蚀产物发生了由L iC rO2向L i2C rO4的转变,这与热力学计算得到的相稳定图一致.腐蚀减重随L i2O浓度的升高而增大.
基金the funding support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51722404,51674177,51804221 and 91845113)the National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFE0201703)+2 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2018M642906 and 2019T120684)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2042017kf0200)the Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(2019CFA065)。
文摘Implementation of non-precious electrocatalysts is key-enabling for water electrolysis to relieve challenges in energy and environmental sustainability. Self-supporting Ni-V2O3 electrodes consisting of nanostrip-like V2O3 perpendicularly anchored on Ni meshes are herein constructed via the electrochemical reduction of soluble NaVO3 in molten salts for enhanced electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution. Such a special configuration in morphology and composition creates a well confined interface between Ni and V2O3. Experimental and Density-Functional-Theory results confirm that the synergy between Ni and V2O3 accelerates the dissociation of H2O for forming hydrogen intermediates and enhances the combination of H*for generating H2.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (50372086)the Ministry of Science and Technology of Chi-na (2006CB601104)
文摘The Y-Eu oxalate precursor was prepared with a homogeneous precipitation method. And the additives, Na2CO3, S, NaCl or their combination, were introduced into the precursor to prepare Y2O3 ：Eu^3＋ red phosphors at 1000 1300 ℃ for 2 h. The effect of molten salts on particle size and luminescent intensity was studied. The experimental results showed that the complex molten salt （Na：CO3 ＋ S ＋ NaCl） was conductive to enhance the luminescent intensity of Y2O3 ：Eu^3＋. The emission intensity of the phosphor prepared with these additives at 1300 ℃ was about 45% higher than that of the one prepared without molten salt, and about 11% higher than that of the corresponding commercial phosphor. Meanwhile, the particle size of Y2O3 ：Eu^3＋ phosphor was controlled effectively with the molten salt.
文摘Bismuth titanate （Bi4Ti3O12） platelets were prepared by molten salt method in a new salt system of CaCl2·NaCl at 650-750℃, using bismuth nitrate pentahydrate （Bi （NO3）3·H2O） and titanium butoxide （Ti （OC4H9）4） as raw materials. The synthesis temperature of Bi4Ti3O12 platelets was decreased to 650℃ from 900-1100℃. The phase compositions and crystalline morphology of Bi4Ti3O12 platelets were investigated by XRD and SEM. The experimental results indicate that Bi4Ti3O12 platelets containing tetragonal and orthorhombic phase with the size of 1-3μm can be synthesized at 650℃ for 2 h, and the orthorhombic phase becomes the dominant phase at 750℃ for 5 h. The size and proportion of Bi4Ti3O12 platelets increase with the increment of the calcining temperature and holding time. The proportion of platelets increases to about ninety percent, and the platelets grow up to about 3-10μm at 750℃ for 5 h from 1-2μm at 650℃ for 2 h. This technical route provides a new low-temperature molten salt system for preparing platelets by molten salt methods.
文摘Erratum to:International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials Volume 26, Number 6, June 2019, Page 701https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-019-1775-z The acknowledgements of this article unfortunately contained a mistake. The grant number of the National Natural
文摘β-Mn2V2O7 crystals with strip shape are successfully prepared by the molten salt method in a closed crucible, and are characterized by x-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, selected area of electron diffraction （SAED） and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy （HRTEM）. The results indicate that the sample is of the β-Mn2V2O7 crystal with monoclinic symmetry, level natural cleavage facets and directional growth. Magnetic properties are measured by vibration sample magnetometry （VSM） at room temperature, and the magnetic hysteresis loop indicates that the β-Mn2V2O7 has anti-ferromagnetic properties with low coercive force and remnant magnetization. The magnetic measurement results in different directions exhibit that the β-Mn2V2O7 has magnetic anisotropy, which is due to the fact that the magnetic interaction energy of the β-Mn2V2O7 is lowest only when the electron configuration is in a certain direction.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11475086)
文摘Sr0.6 Ba0.4 Nb2 O6 micro-rods are prepared by the molten-salt method with K2 SO4,KCl-K2 SO4,and KCl as fluxes.It reveals that the Sr0.6 Ba0.4 Nb2 O6 synthesized with KCl as a flux exhibits a single phase with tetragonal tungsten bronze structure.The measurement of X-ray diffraction indicates that the Sr0.6 Ba0.4 Nb2 O6 micro-rods synthesized at 1 300℃are anisotropic.The morphology of the powers is examined by transmission electron microscope.It reveals that the length-diameter ratio of Sr0.6 Ba0.4 Nb2 O6 micro-rods increases with increasing annealing temperature from 900℃to 1 300℃.At 1 300℃,the rod possesses a large length-diameter ratio of 8∶1.Moreover,the analysis of the piezoelectric properties of single micro-rods using apiezo-response force microscope indicates that the domains of the material are arranged along its radial direction.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program)(No.2013CB632606)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51474200,51422405)Youth Innovation Promotion Association,CAS(No.2015036)
文摘Vanadium trioxide（V2O3） was directly prepared by NaVO3 electrolysis in Na Cl molten salts. Electrolysis products were characterized by X-ray diffraction（XRD）, scanning electron microscopy（SEM） and energy dispersive spectroscopy（EDS）. The existing state and electrochemical behavior of NaVO3 were also studied. The results indicated that V2O3 can be obtained from NaVO3. VC and C were also formed at high cell voltage, high temperature, and long electrolysis time. During electrolysis, NaVO3 was dissociated to Na＋ and VO3-in Na Cl molten salt. NaVO3 was initially electro-reduced to V2O3 on cathode and Na2O was released simultaneously. Na2CO3 was formed due to the reaction between Na2O and CO2. The production of C was ascribed to the electro-reduction of CO3（2-）. VC was produced due to the reaction between C and V2O3.
基金supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program(2011AA03A409)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(N110202002)
文摘The chemical reaction and dissolution processes of RE2 O3 in REF3-LiF（RE = La and Nd） molten salts were studied by X-ray diffraction, differential thermal analysis and chemical analysis. Firstly, RE2 O3 disperses in molten salts and reacts with REF3 and LiF, which lead to the generation of a new phase REOF, resulting in the dissociation or formation of complex ions by part of REOF, and the sedimentation of excessive REOF at the bottom. The RE contents in molten salts were used to determine the solubility of RE2 O3. The results show that with 20 mol%-40 mol% of REF3, the solubility ranges from 1.79 to 3.05 g RE2 O3 per100 g electrolyte and the corresponding mole concentration is 0.33%-0.87%. RE2 O3 solubility increases with increasing temperature and REF3 concentration. The natural logarithm of the RE2 O3 solubility is plotted against 1/T and can be interpreted by linear relationship. The fitting parameters can be used to estimate the solubility of RE2 O3 with minimized experimental efforts and difficult experiment conditions.
