Speed Testing of the Graviton and the Movement Track of Graviton in the Spiral Galaxy

According to a series of hypothesis, for the spiral galaxy, a mathematical equation of the graviton movement track is built, it is also the central curve of the nebulae density distribution, which offers the method to measure the moving speed of the graviton. Using the observed images of the M51 galaxy, it confirms that the graviton movement curve in the spiral galaxy conforms to the image, QUOTE QUOTEis a constant. It points out that by measuring the rate of angular motion of the equivalent center in the galaxy, the real speed of the graviton can be estimated. Under the measuring condition of the M51,. The theory presented in this article also helps to calculate the rotation speed of a galaxy, provided the graviton speed is known for certain. With the model in this article and fitting data from the observation images of M51 galaxy, the guess which says “the moving speed of graviton is a constant” is supported unprecedentedly by observation data. It is for the first time that the upper limit of graviton speed, i.e. no more than times of light speed, is obtained from observation data. At the same time, the paper puts forward one possible way that the lower limit of graviton speed may be measured. And a new idea also brought forward in the paper is that the rotational angular velocity w of the equivalent center which plays an important role in a spiral galaxy may be measured according to the observed data of the thickness of galactic center of the spiral galaxy.

A Study of Pharmacist-Patient Communication: Examining Optimal Distance and Angle Using an Eye-Tracking System

This study focuses on seating arrangement and interpersonal distance as important aspects of nonverbal communication and aims to elucidate the optimal distance and angle between pharmacist and patient through an analysis based on the subjective evaluation of the patient and the objective evaluation of eye movements. Seven female simulated patients and one male and one female pharmacist cooperated as patients and pharmacists, respectively. The medication teaching scenes were set up with three pharmacist placements (face-to-face at 50 cm and 70 cm, 90-degree at 70 cm) and three hospital rooms (0-degree, 45-degree, 90-degree). Pupil diameter, blink rate, saccades, and fixation rate of the patient at each of these locations were measured using a Tobii Pro Glass 2. The patient’s subjective evaluation at each placement was also investigated using the conversation scale, which assesses the optimal distance for conversation. The results for the pharmacy setting revealed that pupils were significantly more mydriatic at the 50 cm point than at the other points. The results for the hospital room setting showed the greatest mydriasis at the 0-degree point. The result of the 50 cm point for the pharmacy setting and the 0-degree point for the hospital room setting was similar to that of the subjective evaluation. When the likelihood of saccades occurrence in the hospital room setting was compared, saccades were found to be most likely to occur when medication instructions were given to patients at the 0-degree point. We believe that using pupil diameter for interpersonal distance, and saccades for angle will enable more accurate determinations of the optimal distance and angle between pharmacist and patient. The results of the present study suggest that the 70 cm face-to-face point in the pharmacy and the 45-degree point in the ward may be suitable for medication instruction.

Application of Eye Movement Analysis in Landscape Visual Quality Evaluation

The existing methods of landscape visual quality evaluation is mostly based on people's subjective feelings,and the objectivity and scientificity of evaluation results are insufficient.As an important means of experimental psychology,eye movement technology can show great advantages and potential in landscape visual quality evaluation.On the basis of combing and summarizing the relevant literature,based on the explanation of the technical principle of eye movement analysis,the application field,research content,technical methods and other aspects of eye movement analysis were reviewed.The application prospect of eye movement technology in landscape visual quality evaluation was explored to provide theoretical reference for the in-depth evaluation and research of landscape visual quality evaluation theory.

MonkeyTrail:A scalable video-based method for tracking macaque movement trajectory in daily living cages

Behavioral analysis of macaques provides important experimental evidence in the field of neuroscience.In recent years,video-based automatic animal behavior analysis has received widespread attention.However,methods capable of extracting and analyzing daily movement trajectories of macaques in their daily living cages remain underdeveloped,with previous approaches usually requiring specific environments to reduce interference from occlusion or environmental change.Here,we introduce a novel method,called MonkeyTrail,which satisfies the above requirements by frequently generating virtual empty backgrounds and using background subtraction to accurately obtain the foreground of moving animals.The empty background is generated by combining the frame difference method(FDM)and deep learning-based model(YOLOv5).The entire setup can be operated with low-cost hardware and can be applied to the daily living environments of individually caged macaques.To test MonkeyTrail performance,we labeled a dataset containing>8000 video frames with the bounding boxes of macaques under various conditions as ground-truth.Results showed that the tracking accuracy and stability of MonkeyTrail exceeded that of two deep learningbased methods(YOLOv5 and Single-Shot MultiBox Detector),traditional frame difference method,and na?ve background subtraction method.Using MonkeyTrail to analyze long-term surveillance video recordings,we successfully assessed changes in animal behavior in terms of movement amount and spatial preference.Thus,these findings demonstrate that MonkeyTrail enables low-cost,large-scale daily behavioral analysis of macaques.

MECHANICAL ANALYSIS OF ORBIT TRACKING MOVEMENT OF FEED SYSTEM IN LARGE SPHERICAL RADIO-TELESCOPE

The curve equation and its mechanics analysis of suspended-cable under the condition of end load are given. Then on the basis of it, the mechanical analysis of suspended-cable system for large spherical radio-telescope is studied, and procedures of the control for the orbit tracking movement of the line feed in large spherical radiotelescope are given. The validity of the results mentioned above is confirmed by means of computer simulations.

Eye Movement Modeling Examples as a Teaching Tool for Epidural Block

Introduction: Video examples with task demonstrations by experts, with the expert’s eye movements superimposed on the task, are known as “eye movement modeling examples” (EMME). We performed this study to evaluate if there were improvements in the performance of anesthesia novice trainees when executing the epidural technique after an EMME of epidural block procedure. Methods: We developed an eye movement modeling example (EMME) from eye tracking recordings made by experienced anesthesiologists with more than 20 years of experience. Forty-two PGY3 anesthesia trainees who had never previously performed an epidural block were randomized to receive (study group) or not receive (control group) the EMME video before their institutional training. All the trainees were evaluated every 10 epidural blocks until the end of the rotation period, by an independent, blinded observer using the Global Rating Scale for Epidural Anesthesia (GRS). Results: Trainees who received the EMME training exhibited more respect for the patient’s tissues (P Discussion: This is the first study that has used the EMME for a practical, clinical teaching purpose on real patients and that has used it as an aid in teaching epidural anesthesia. We demonstrated that inexperienced trainees who received the EMME training improved their proficiency at epidural blocks as compared to those who had no EMME training beforehand. Given this result, we welcome further studies to investigate the impact and the role of EMME on clinical teaching in the field of anesthesia.

地铁车站照度对乘客主观情绪和视觉绩效认知的影响研究

[目的]合理的照明环境对提高地铁车站服务水平、保证乘客疏散安全、促进公共交通可持续发展起着重要作用。为促进地铁车站照明环境设计的科学化和合理化,需研究地铁车站不同照度环境对乘客主观情绪和视觉绩效认知的影响。[方法]采用眼动追踪技术、视觉绩效认知评估技术、三维情绪评估模型相结合的方法,提出了眼动试验评估、视觉绩效认知评估、主观情绪评估3个评估类别共计8个参数的计算方法。设置了试验流程,将照度作为自变量,选取了5个照度水平进行试验研究。构建了不同照度同乘客主观情绪、视觉绩效认知参数之间的关系模型,并对试验结果分别进行了单因素方差分析、相关度分析及综合分析。[结果及结论]照度对乘客主观PAD(愉悦度、唤醒度、控制度)、视觉绩效认知均有显著影响。提高乘客的愉悦度和唤醒度,能够缩短乘客的视觉认知时间。照度在200~230 lx时,乘客的主观情绪、视觉绩效认知水平均达到最优。

基于学生眼动数据的线上教学课件学习效果分析及优化

随着线上教学资源的日渐丰富以及特殊的学习环境要求,直播、录播课教学发展迅猛,有别于传统线下教学师生面对面授课,线上教学环境嘈杂,学生注意力易被分散。为提高高校学生线上学习效率,通过合理科学的线上教学课件“图、文、公式、标题”排版,优化教师线上教学课件。利用桌面眼动仪和录制的教学视频模拟学生线上学习环境,追踪实验对象观看教学课件时的眼动,分析眼动行为,获取眼动数据,并对实验对象在线上教学后的一小时和一周的两个时间节点进行学习内容测试,从学习理解深度、学习记忆深度以及学习应用能力等三个方面评价学生在不同设计课件下的学习效率,利用评价结果与课件设计要素的配对t检验获取最优的线上教学课件设计方案。

智能放顶煤技术在特厚煤层上覆含水层保护中的应用

我国内蒙古东部和新疆北部草原地区煤炭及地下水资源丰富,煤矿高强度开采形成的采动裂隙易导通强富水含水层,极易引起上覆岩层的地下水系统破坏,更容易发生突水溃砂事故,尤其含水层下综合机械化放顶煤开采的放煤高度难以控制。以特厚煤层上覆含水层系统保护为研究对象,以含水层保护和水砂灾害安全防控为研究目标,研发特厚煤层上覆含水层保护的智能放顶煤关键技术,应用井工煤矿动力突水溃砂防控技术,得出特厚煤层上覆地下水系统保护的根本途径。研发应用一种智能放顶煤技术,包括顶煤运移跟踪系统、多轮记忆放煤方法及系统。基于水文地质条件精细探查、覆岩破坏高度的实测、顶煤采放高度确定,应用多轮记忆放煤智能放顶煤技术,控制采动裂隙带高度。以应用工作面为例,应用水文地质精细探查与钻探验证、覆岩破坏高度获取、智能放顶煤技术后,在工作面回采过程中实现了上覆含水层水砂灾害的安全精准控制,有效保护了煤层上覆强富水含水层。

基于马尔科夫链的高校学生注意力分配过程研究

为研究高校学生在上课期间的注意力分配情况,使用头戴式眼动仪记录了20名学生的眼动数据。分析表明,瞳孔直径扩大率与测试成绩有显著正相关,说明注意力保持能力影响知识获取和理解水平。学生注视区域分为7个兴趣区:多媒体、黑板、老师、课本、笔记、手机以及其他区域。运用马尔科夫链理论可推算出学生在各兴趣区间内注视的转移概率和稳态分布。研究表明,学生对知识的认知加工主要来源于多媒体和老师板书,低头看课本时最易发生注意转移。该模型实现了高校学生注意力分配的量化研究,为提升教学质量、改善教学模式提供了科学客观的依据。

拖拉机平视显示研究与分析--基于DeeplabV3+和眼动追踪技术

为了提高拖拉机驾驶人员的驾驶安全系数,解决拖拉机驾驶人员经常扭头观看后方农机机具作业情况的问题,对拖拉机驾驶室使用平视显示(HUD)进行研究分析。首先,利用Deeplabv3+图像语义分割法与眼动追踪技术结合的方式,对拖拉机驾驶人员观察后方农机机具的画面进行采集并对重要信息进行标注;然后,使用Pytorch深度学习框架来搭建所需的模型网络结构和完成相应的代码开发,最终得到较为清晰的分割图像;最后,对原始图像及分割后图像进行眼动追踪实验验证,提取被试者的眼动轨迹,发现分割后图像能更好地被观看者识别。研究结果表明:利用DeeplabV3+对图像进行分割增强,应用到平视显示技术中,可以有效提高拖拉机驾驶人员的驾驶安全性和工作效率。

眼动追踪下产品外形特征提取算法设计与仿真

不同产品的外形非常复杂且多样化,在产品外形特征提取过程中,由于受噪声、杂乱背景或其它干扰元素的影响,导致特征提取的准确性降低。为了精准提取产品外形特征,提出一种眼动追踪下产品外形特征提取算法。通过塔型方向滤波器分解带有噪声的产品外形图像,利用多尺度阈值对高频子带去噪,在有效保留信号系数的同时达到抑制噪声系数的目的,根据Contourlet反变换获取去噪后的图像。通过眼动追踪技术确定产品外形图像中人眼感兴趣的区域,在感兴趣区域内提取多个底层特征。使用改进的量子遗传算法对底层特征展开选择,最终实现产品外形特征提取。实验结果表明,所提算法可以有效提升产品外形特征提取结果的准确性和特征提取效率。

CrowdTracker:一种基于移动群智感知的目标跟踪方法

面向目标跟踪问题提出一种基于移动群智感知的解决方案CrowdTracker.不同于基于视频监控的目标跟踪方法,通过基于群智的多人协作拍照方式实现对移动目标的轨迹预测和跟踪,其优化目标为在保证准确实时地对目标进行跟踪的同时尽可能地减少用户激励的成本(假设激励与完成任务的参与者人数和参与者完成任务所移动的距离成正比).为实现该目标,提出了目标移动性预测的方法MPRE和任务分配的方法T-centric,P-centric.T-centric是以任务为中心的参与者选择方法,而P-centric是以人为中心的任务选择方法.MPRE通过分析大量的车辆历史轨迹建立城市里车辆的移动模型以预测目标下一步的位置.在预测的区域内通过T-centric或P-centric方法进行跟踪任务分配.通过一个大规模的真实数据集对移动性预测方法MPRE和2种任务分配算法进行实验评估,实验结果表明:CrowdTracker能有效地在实现目标实时跟踪的同时降低激励成本.

南海北部扩张的地表过程响应:来自海南岛五指山的磷灰石裂变径迹年龄证据

海南岛是南海地块的重要组成部分,其构造演化很大程度上能够反映整个南海的构造活动特征。新生代,海南岛在新构造运动作用下,断块差异升降比较明显,形成了大致以王五-文教断裂为界,北为沉降区,南为断隆区的构造格局。对断隆区隆升过程的研究能够帮助揭示海南岛新构造活动历史,但至今为止,琼中南山地隆升的原因和时限仍存在争议。为了厘清海南岛中部的剥露隆升事件,本文选择琼中南地区海拔最高、高差最大的五指山为研究区,采集8组高程岩石样品,高程范围为203.55~1153.52 m。对采集的样品进行了磷灰石裂变径迹测试和热历史模拟分析,结果表明海南岛五指山地区新生代主要经历了两期快速隆升剥露。第一期为渐新世—中新世(32~17 Ma):隆升速率较快,此时期太平洋板块向欧亚板块俯冲后撤,南海正经历第二次扩张,使得海南岛拉张,活动强烈,造成琼中山地区快速隆升,直到中中新世转为缓慢隆升。第二期为中新世末期(5 Ma)的快速剥蚀隆升阶段:南海扩张已经结束,随着菲律宾板块俯冲亚洲板块,南海北部陆缘整体处于加速热沉降阶段,且全球气候变化加快,造成了海南岛广泛的隆起和加速剥蚀。

基于眼动信号的感兴趣检测方法研究

为了使机器智能达到人类的识别能力,需要提供标注的难例样本。常用的键盘、鼠标等标注方式效率较低,基于眼动信号的标注方式无需手动操作,但目前研究多采用依赖特征工程的浅层模型实现感兴趣检测以标注样本。针对浅层模型存在的问题,基于特征通道权重重分配多尺度残差网络模型对注视序列分类以实现感兴趣检测,并通过对比实验验证本文方法的有效性。实验结果表明:提出的多尺度残差网络模型分类精度达到96%,较现有基于浅层模型的方法和未改进的基于深层模型的方法,显著提升了感兴趣检测的精度和鲁棒性。

基于眼动追踪技术的教学视频眼动分析系统

设计了可兼容大部分眼动仪的教学视频眼动分析系统,并从眼动数据记录、动态兴趣区定义、眼动分析3个模块,探讨了教学视频眼动分析系统的实现机制。该系统有助于提高眼动分析在教育领域应用的普适性,降低研究者在眼动相关方向的研究成本。

Effect of Wearing a Maxillofacial Prosthesis on Masticatory Rhythm Improvement in Mandibulectomy Patients

Background: Recording jaw movement rhythms in patients with jaw defects is challenging using conventional tracking devices. However, masticatory rhythm is crucial for masticatory performance and nutritional intake. This study aimed to explore the impact of using a maxillofacial prosthesis to restore masticatory rhythm in mandibulectomy patients with a novel wearable device. Methods: Twelve patients who underwent mandibulectomy and were rehabilitated with maxillofacial prosthesis were recruited. Chewing rate, cycle durations, coefficient of variation of cycle durations (CV), changing times of skin morphology on the back of the ear pinna area (SM), and masticatory performance were measured during gum chewing without and with a denture using a wearable jaw movement rhythm tracking device. A paired t-test and the Pearson correlation coefficient were used for statistical analysis. Results: The chewing rate increased by 8.6 cycles/min with dentures (P P = 0.01). The CV and SM decreased with dentures (P = 0.004 and P = 0.01, respectively). Significant correlations were found between the CV and SM without dentures (P = 0.004). Conclusion: 1. Wearing maxillofacial prostheses can improve masticatory rhythm in patients who undergo mandibulectomy with Eichner B2 occlusal supports. 2. The wearable device is available for measuring masticatory rhythm in patients with jaw defects in clinics. 3. Changing times of the skin morphology on the back of the ear pinna indicate jaw movement stability through a simpler process than the coefficient of variation of cycle durations.

从追踪学生的答题眼动轨迹积累内容效度证据——以高考语文试题为例

效度如何得到有效的评估是教育测量中的一个重要问题。为了有效评估中高考等高利害考试的试题效度,以语文学科为例,在学生作答往年试题过程中采用红外线眼动仪,追踪学生审读题目要求和作答的思维轨迹,为学生答题思维过程画像。眼动仪监测答题过程的一系列心理反应数据和后期学生访谈记录生成作答的心理反应样本。将这些数据样本与命题人所期待的测量目标进行对比后发现:有部分试题所希望测量的知识点、能力点与学生实际的心理反应偏差较大。建议依据被试面对不同刺激材料时的眼动轨迹和心理反应的有关数据,建立一个相对完善的试题效度检测系统,从而在试题设计上减少“噪声”;并在日常教学中以被评价者视角增强“评价对焦”。

基于车载环境的交通目标跟踪

针对车载环境下小目标难以识别和相机动态移动造成的目标跟踪精度下降问题,提出一种基于改进YOLOv5与ByteTrack的交通目标跟踪方法.首先,引入Transformer与加权特征金字塔(BiFPN)结构的思想重构YOLOv5检测网络,有效捕获了特征的全局依赖关系,缓解了深层卷积小目标信息丢失问题,改善了车载环境下的目标检测性能.此后,以ByteTrack为基础提出了添加相机移动补偿的CMC-ByteTrack跟踪方法,更精准地描述了视频前后帧的数据关联关系,提高了相机大幅位移时的跟踪精度.实验结果表明,改进YOLOv5的平均检测精度(mAP)达到了82.2%,相比原算法提高了3.9%,与CMC-ByteTrack结合后的跟踪准确性(MOTA)相比改进前的跟踪方法提高了2.8%.

眼动追踪技术在注意缺陷多动障碍儿童筛查中的应用

目的:探讨眼动追踪技术辅助识别注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)儿童与正常发育儿童在视觉空间注意、反应抑制能力及眼动控制方面的差异,为ADHD的筛查提供更实时、客观的评估方法。方法:选取2023年1月至2024年1月温州市人民医院儿童保健科140名儿童,其中ADHD组儿童40例,同期健康体检(对照组)儿童100例。使用眼动追踪设备检测参与者在执行注视任务、眼跳试验和反眼跳试验时的眼动数据,包括平均注视时长、注视次数、首次注视前时长等。比较2组儿童眼动数据差异,使用Logistic回归分析评估眼动数据与ADHD诊断之间的关联性,并利用ROC曲线分析不同眼动参数的筛查效能。结果:多因素Logistic回归分析显示,注视任务中,ADHD组儿童的平均眼跳时长与ADHD诊断显著相关(OR=0.18,95%CI=0.05~0.68,P<0.05);正确反眼跳试验中,首次注视前时长与ADHD诊断存在显著相关(OR=0.96,95%CI=0.93~1.00,P<0.05);错误反眼跳试验中,ADHD组儿童的平均注视时长(OR=0.01,95%CI=0~0.31,P<0.05)、总注视时长(OR=0.56,95%CI=0.37~0.85,P<0.05)、最大注视时长(OR=0.06,95%CI=0.01~0.43,P<0.05)及注视次数(OR=0.83,95%CI=0.71~0.98,P<0.05)与ADHD诊断显著相关。ROC曲线分析结果显示,在筛查ADHD儿童方面,注视任务中的平均眼跳时长AUC为0.697,正确反眼跳试验中的首次注视前时长AUC为0.756,错误反眼跳试验中的平均注视时长、总注视时长、最大注视时长和注视次数的AUC分别为0.716、0.748、0.733和0.722,均显示出良好的筛查效能。结论:眼动追踪技术可以有效揭示ADHD儿童与正常发育儿童在视觉注意力和眼动控制方面的差异,为ADHD的筛查提供了一种新的实时、客观评估工具。