Parkinson＇s disease （PD） is a progressive neurodegenerative disease, which is generally considered a multifactorial disorder that arises owing to a combination of genes and environmental factors. While most cases a...Parkinson＇s disease （PD） is a progressive neurodegenerative disease, which is generally considered a multifactorial disorder that arises owing to a combination of genes and environmental factors. While most cases are idiopathic, in about 10% of the patients a genetic cause can be detected, ascribable to mutations in more than a dozen genes. PD is characterized clinically by tremor, rigidity, reduced mo- tor activity （bradykinesia）, and postural instability and pathological- ly by loss of dopaminergic （DA） neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, loss of DA innervation in the striatum, and the presence of a-synuclein positive aggregates in the form of Lewy bodies. The symptomatic treatment of PD with levodopa, which aims at replac- ing dopamine, remains the gold standard, and no neuroprotective or disease-modifying therapy is available. During treatment, the disease continues to progress, and long-term use of levodopa has import- ant limitations including motor complications termed dyskinesias. Therefore, a pharmacological therapy able to prevent or halt the neu- rodegenerative process is urgently required.展开更多
Multiple sclerosis（MS）is a chronic,severe and complex disease of still uncertain etiopathogenesis,with lesions in the cerebral white matter and spinal cord.The disease is heterogeneous,but is characterized by neuroi...Multiple sclerosis（MS）is a chronic,severe and complex disease of still uncertain etiopathogenesis,with lesions in the cerebral white matter and spinal cord.The disease is heterogeneous,but is characterized by neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative processes,usually associated with altered activation of the immune system following presumable stimulation by still unknown autoantigens.展开更多
Spinal muscular atrophy（SMA）is a hereditary pediatric motor neuron（MN）disease：survival motor neuron 1（SMN1）gene mutation determines MN degeneration and,consequently,muscle atrophy,breathing and swallowing diffi...Spinal muscular atrophy（SMA）is a hereditary pediatric motor neuron（MN）disease：survival motor neuron 1（SMN1）gene mutation determines MN degeneration and,consequently,muscle atrophy,breathing and swallowing difficulties,and,in the most severe cases,premature death.A second unaffected gene（SMN2）is present,but it can only produce a limited amount of functional protein,modulating the disease severity and progression.展开更多
Dear editor,The advent of modern molecular mechanism’s approach to disease treatment is highly advancing to mitigate/normalize the symptoms of disease i.e.hyperglycemia by targeting at least eight different pathophys...Dear editor,The advent of modern molecular mechanism’s approach to disease treatment is highly advancing to mitigate/normalize the symptoms of disease i.e.hyperglycemia by targeting at least eight different pathophysiological approaches popularly known as omnious octet[1].Importantly,type 2 diabetes is a展开更多
Despite a decrease in incidence over past decades,gastric cancer remains a major global health problem. In the more recent period, survival has shown only minor improvement, despite significant advances in diagnostic ...Despite a decrease in incidence over past decades,gastric cancer remains a major global health problem. In the more recent period, survival has shown only minor improvement, despite significant advances in diagnostic techniques, surgical and chemotherapeutic approaches, the development of novel therapeutic agents and treatment by multidisciplinary teams. Because multiple genetic mutations, epigenetic alterations, and aberrant molecular signalling pathways are involved in the development of gastric cancers, recent research has attempted to determine the molecular heterogeneity responsible for the processes of carcinogenesis, spread and metastasis. Currently, some novel agents targeting a part of these dysfunctional molecular signalling pathways have already been integrated into the standard treatment of gastric cancer, whereas others remain in phases of investigation within clinical trials. It is essential to identify the unique molecular patterns of tumours and specific biomarkers to develop treatments targeted to the individual tumour behaviour. This review analyses the global impact of gastric cancer, as well as the role of Helicobacter pylori infection and the efficacy of bacterial eradication in preventing gastric cancer development. Furthermore, the paper discusses the currently available targeted treatments and future directions of research using promising novel classes of molecular agents for advanced tumours.展开更多
During the three decades after the adoption of the Declaration on the Right to Development, the right to development has received wider acknowledgement throughout the international community, and has become a typical ...During the three decades after the adoption of the Declaration on the Right to Development, the right to development has received wider acknowledgement throughout the international community, and has become a typical example of 'third-generation rights.' The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, which puts forward 17 goals of sustainable development, was adopted at the UN Sustainable Development Summit on September 25, 2015. From the contents of the agenda, we can see that the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development highly conforms to the right to development. Both match, not only in purpose and content, but also in object and subject, as well as in demands for countries and the foundations needed. We may regard the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development as setting action targets for the realization of the right to development in the new era. Meanwhile, to realize the right to development in the new situation is to accomplish the aim of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. The two adopt different approaches that lead to the same destination.展开更多
Esophageal cancer is an upper gastrointestinal malignancy with a bleak prognosis.It is still being explored in depth due to its complex molecular mechanisms of occurrence and development.Lipids play a crucial role in ...Esophageal cancer is an upper gastrointestinal malignancy with a bleak prognosis.It is still being explored in depth due to its complex molecular mechanisms of occurrence and development.Lipids play a crucial role in cells by participating in energy supply,biofilm formation,and signal transduction processes,and lipid metabolic reprogramming also constitutes a significant characteristic of malignant tumors.More and more studies have found esophageal cancer has obvious lipid metabolism abnormalities throughout its beginning,progress,and treatment resistance.The inhibition of tumor growth and the enhancement of antitumor therapy efficacy can be achieved through the regulation of lipid metabolism.Therefore,we reviewed and analyzed the research results and latest findings for lipid metabolism and associated analysis techniques in esophageal cancer,and comprehensively proved the value of lipid metabolic reprogramming in the evolution and treatment resistance of esophageal cancer,as well as its significance in exploring potential therapeutic targets and biomarkers.展开更多
基金supported by the Ministry of Health and Department of Educational Assistance,University and Research of the Autonomous Province of Bolzano
文摘Parkinson＇s disease （PD） is a progressive neurodegenerative disease, which is generally considered a multifactorial disorder that arises owing to a combination of genes and environmental factors. While most cases are idiopathic, in about 10% of the patients a genetic cause can be detected, ascribable to mutations in more than a dozen genes. PD is characterized clinically by tremor, rigidity, reduced mo- tor activity （bradykinesia）, and postural instability and pathological- ly by loss of dopaminergic （DA） neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, loss of DA innervation in the striatum, and the presence of a-synuclein positive aggregates in the form of Lewy bodies. The symptomatic treatment of PD with levodopa, which aims at replac- ing dopamine, remains the gold standard, and no neuroprotective or disease-modifying therapy is available. During treatment, the disease continues to progress, and long-term use of levodopa has import- ant limitations including motor complications termed dyskinesias. Therefore, a pharmacological therapy able to prevent or halt the neu- rodegenerative process is urgently required.
文摘Multiple sclerosis（MS）is a chronic,severe and complex disease of still uncertain etiopathogenesis,with lesions in the cerebral white matter and spinal cord.The disease is heterogeneous,but is characterized by neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative processes,usually associated with altered activation of the immune system following presumable stimulation by still unknown autoantigens.
文摘Spinal muscular atrophy（SMA）is a hereditary pediatric motor neuron（MN）disease：survival motor neuron 1（SMN1）gene mutation determines MN degeneration and,consequently,muscle atrophy,breathing and swallowing difficulties,and,in the most severe cases,premature death.A second unaffected gene（SMN2）is present,but it can only produce a limited amount of functional protein,modulating the disease severity and progression.
文摘Dear editor,The advent of modern molecular mechanism’s approach to disease treatment is highly advancing to mitigate/normalize the symptoms of disease i.e.hyperglycemia by targeting at least eight different pathophysiological approaches popularly known as omnious octet[1].Importantly,type 2 diabetes is a
文摘Despite a decrease in incidence over past decades,gastric cancer remains a major global health problem. In the more recent period, survival has shown only minor improvement, despite significant advances in diagnostic techniques, surgical and chemotherapeutic approaches, the development of novel therapeutic agents and treatment by multidisciplinary teams. Because multiple genetic mutations, epigenetic alterations, and aberrant molecular signalling pathways are involved in the development of gastric cancers, recent research has attempted to determine the molecular heterogeneity responsible for the processes of carcinogenesis, spread and metastasis. Currently, some novel agents targeting a part of these dysfunctional molecular signalling pathways have already been integrated into the standard treatment of gastric cancer, whereas others remain in phases of investigation within clinical trials. It is essential to identify the unique molecular patterns of tumours and specific biomarkers to develop treatments targeted to the individual tumour behaviour. This review analyses the global impact of gastric cancer, as well as the role of Helicobacter pylori infection and the efficacy of bacterial eradication in preventing gastric cancer development. Furthermore, the paper discusses the currently available targeted treatments and future directions of research using promising novel classes of molecular agents for advanced tumours.
文摘During the three decades after the adoption of the Declaration on the Right to Development, the right to development has received wider acknowledgement throughout the international community, and has become a typical example of 'third-generation rights.' The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, which puts forward 17 goals of sustainable development, was adopted at the UN Sustainable Development Summit on September 25, 2015. From the contents of the agenda, we can see that the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development highly conforms to the right to development. Both match, not only in purpose and content, but also in object and subject, as well as in demands for countries and the foundations needed. We may regard the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development as setting action targets for the realization of the right to development in the new era. Meanwhile, to realize the right to development in the new situation is to accomplish the aim of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. The two adopt different approaches that lead to the same destination.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.:22176195 and 82127801)National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.:2022YFF0705003)+5 种基金the Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Depression(Grant No.:ZDSYS20220606100606014)the Guangdong Province Zhu Jiang Talents Plan,China(Grant No.:2021QN02Y028)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,China(Grant No.:2021A1515010171)the Key Program of Fundamental Research in Shenzhen,China(Grant No.:JCYJ20210324115811031)the Sustainable Development Program of Shenzhen,China(Grant No.:KCXFZ202002011008124)the National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital&Shenzhen Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College,Shenzhen(Grant Nos.:SZ2020ZD002 and SZ2020QN005).
文摘Esophageal cancer is an upper gastrointestinal malignancy with a bleak prognosis.It is still being explored in depth due to its complex molecular mechanisms of occurrence and development.Lipids play a crucial role in cells by participating in energy supply,biofilm formation,and signal transduction processes,and lipid metabolic reprogramming also constitutes a significant characteristic of malignant tumors.More and more studies have found esophageal cancer has obvious lipid metabolism abnormalities throughout its beginning,progress,and treatment resistance.The inhibition of tumor growth and the enhancement of antitumor therapy efficacy can be achieved through the regulation of lipid metabolism.Therefore,we reviewed and analyzed the research results and latest findings for lipid metabolism and associated analysis techniques in esophageal cancer,and comprehensively proved the value of lipid metabolic reprogramming in the evolution and treatment resistance of esophageal cancer,as well as its significance in exploring potential therapeutic targets and biomarkers.
