<b>Background: </b>Non-adherence to hypertensive medication continues to become a contributing factor to hypertensive complications like stroke, heart attacks, kidney disease heart failure. Associated fact...<b>Background: </b>Non-adherence to hypertensive medication continues to become a contributing factor to hypertensive complications like stroke, heart attacks, kidney disease heart failure. Associated factors to non-adherence are complex, are both internal and external to the patient and are difficult to extrapolate. Reports from Chuka referral hospital records showed that in 2016 there were 140 patients with hypertensive complications from 560 patients who attended the medical clinic that year. <b>Objective:</b> This study sought to explore the patient’s related factors that are associated with non-adherence to hypertension medication. <b>Methods:</b> This is a descriptive study design of (N = 575) people among them doctors, pharmacists, nurses, record officers and hypertension patients. Simple random sampling for patients (n = 81) and census sampling for health care workers was done and data collected using questionnaires and interview schedules between April 4<sup>th</sup>-May 30<sup>th</sup> 2019. Inferential and descriptive statistics were used for data analysis, aided by SPSS version 25. <b>Results:</b> 64% of the patients stated that they had missed medication. A significant negative correlation (<i>r<sub>pb</sub></i> = -0.23, <i>p</i> < 0.05) between age and non-adherence, significant positive correlation with monthly income (<i>r<sub>pb</sub></i> = 0.24, <i>p</i> < 0.04), non-significant relationship between non-adherence and marital status (<i>r<sub>pb</sub></i> = -0.13, <i>p</i> = 0.25) and patients’ level of education (<i>r<sub>pb</sub></i> = -0.06, <i>p</i> = 0.57). The overall model of health system related factors were found to be significant (<i>p</i><i> </i>< 0.05) and this included;quality of health service, physician patient relationship, stock out, health education, and availability of medicine (<i>p = </i>0.012). <b>Conclusion:</b><i> </i>Lacks of funds, unavailability of drugs are the leading factors to regimen completion. This could be easily be addressed by the government.展开更多
Effective control strategies are lacking for Fusarium wilt of banana crops worldwide. Here, the inhibitory efficacy of suspensions derived from Tilapia offal by anaerobic fermentation against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp....Effective control strategies are lacking for Fusarium wilt of banana crops worldwide. Here, the inhibitory efficacy of suspensions derived from Tilapia offal by anaerobic fermentation against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropical race 4 (Foc TR4) was evaluated. Two anaerobic fermentation methods were used: 1) natural fermentation of offal (NF) and 2) fermentation of offal supplemented with 5% lime (LF). The suspensions were applied in three treatments: Plate assay, pot system, and in the field. The inhibition rate and disease index were determined. The results showed that the inhibition was significantly greater for LF than for NF on plates. In pot system and in the field, the disease index was lower for the LF group than for the NF group and was significantly lower than that of the control. Therefore, suspensions derived from anaerobically fermented offal provide a new control method for Fusarium wilt in banana.展开更多
Nitrogen(N)fertilizer application is essential for crop-plant growth and development.Identifying genetic loci associated with N-use efficiency(NUE)could increase wheat yields and reduce environmental pollution caused ...Nitrogen(N)fertilizer application is essential for crop-plant growth and development.Identifying genetic loci associated with N-use efficiency(NUE)could increase wheat yields and reduce environmental pollution caused by overfertilization.We subjected a panel of 389 wheat accessions to N and chlorate(a nitrate analog)treatments to identify quantitative trait loci(QTL)controlling NUE-associated traits at the wheat seedling stage.Genotyping the panel with a 660K single-nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)array,we identified 397 SNPs associated with N-sensitivity index and chlorate inhibition rate.These SNPs were merged into 49 QTL,of which eight were multi-environment stable QTL and 27 were located near previously reported QTL.A set of 135 candidate genes near the 49 QTL included TaBOX(F-box family protein)and TaERF(ethylene-responsive transcription factor).A Tabox mutant was more sensitive to low-N stress than the wild-type plant.We developed two functional markers for Hap 1,the favorable allele of TaBOX.展开更多
目的探讨黄芪多糖诱导成熟的树突状细胞(DC)肿瘤疫苗对S180荷瘤小鼠的抗肿瘤作用及作用机制。方法体外培养小鼠骨髓来源的DC,加入黄芪多糖诱导成熟,以S180肿瘤抗原致敏获得DC肿瘤疫苗。建立S180荷瘤小鼠模型,分为模型组、环磷酰胺组、...目的探讨黄芪多糖诱导成熟的树突状细胞(DC)肿瘤疫苗对S180荷瘤小鼠的抗肿瘤作用及作用机制。方法体外培养小鼠骨髓来源的DC,加入黄芪多糖诱导成熟,以S180肿瘤抗原致敏获得DC肿瘤疫苗。建立S180荷瘤小鼠模型,分为模型组、环磷酰胺组、黄芪多糖组、细胞因子组,在荷瘤第5天和第10天分别给予相应治疗。荷瘤第12天摘取肿瘤组织、胸腺、脾脏称质量,计算抑瘤率、胸腺指数、脾脏指数;ELISA法检测小鼠血清白细胞介素(IL)-4、干扰素(IFN)-γ水平。结果黄芪多糖组、细胞因子组的抑瘤率高于环磷酰胺组(64.25%、64.10%vs35.11%),胸腺指数高于环磷酰胺组(1.69±0.26、1.74±0.38 vs 1.45±0.22),脾脏指数高于环磷酰胺组(5.44±0.76、5.31±0.81 vs 3.54±0.52),IL-4水平(ng/L)低于环磷酰胺组(15.66±2.57、14.72±4.84 vs 23.95±6.07),IFN-γ水平(ng/L)高于环磷酰胺组(16.54±3.71、17.20±2.03 vs 10.37±2.19),差异均有统计学意义。结论黄芪多糖诱导的DC疫苗可有效发挥抑瘤作用,其机制可能与提高荷瘤小鼠胸腺指数与脾脏指数,调节细胞因子表达,促进Th1/Th2失衡向Th1细胞占优势的细胞免疫偏移,增强机体的抗肿瘤免疫功能有关。展开更多
文摘<b>Background: </b>Non-adherence to hypertensive medication continues to become a contributing factor to hypertensive complications like stroke, heart attacks, kidney disease heart failure. Associated factors to non-adherence are complex, are both internal and external to the patient and are difficult to extrapolate. Reports from Chuka referral hospital records showed that in 2016 there were 140 patients with hypertensive complications from 560 patients who attended the medical clinic that year. <b>Objective:</b> This study sought to explore the patient’s related factors that are associated with non-adherence to hypertension medication. <b>Methods:</b> This is a descriptive study design of (N = 575) people among them doctors, pharmacists, nurses, record officers and hypertension patients. Simple random sampling for patients (n = 81) and census sampling for health care workers was done and data collected using questionnaires and interview schedules between April 4<sup>th</sup>-May 30<sup>th</sup> 2019. Inferential and descriptive statistics were used for data analysis, aided by SPSS version 25. <b>Results:</b> 64% of the patients stated that they had missed medication. A significant negative correlation (<i>r<sub>pb</sub></i> = -0.23, <i>p</i> < 0.05) between age and non-adherence, significant positive correlation with monthly income (<i>r<sub>pb</sub></i> = 0.24, <i>p</i> < 0.04), non-significant relationship between non-adherence and marital status (<i>r<sub>pb</sub></i> = -0.13, <i>p</i> = 0.25) and patients’ level of education (<i>r<sub>pb</sub></i> = -0.06, <i>p</i> = 0.57). The overall model of health system related factors were found to be significant (<i>p</i><i> </i>< 0.05) and this included;quality of health service, physician patient relationship, stock out, health education, and availability of medicine (<i>p = </i>0.012). <b>Conclusion:</b><i> </i>Lacks of funds, unavailability of drugs are the leading factors to regimen completion. This could be easily be addressed by the government.
文摘Effective control strategies are lacking for Fusarium wilt of banana crops worldwide. Here, the inhibitory efficacy of suspensions derived from Tilapia offal by anaerobic fermentation against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropical race 4 (Foc TR4) was evaluated. Two anaerobic fermentation methods were used: 1) natural fermentation of offal (NF) and 2) fermentation of offal supplemented with 5% lime (LF). The suspensions were applied in three treatments: Plate assay, pot system, and in the field. The inhibition rate and disease index were determined. The results showed that the inhibition was significantly greater for LF than for NF on plates. In pot system and in the field, the disease index was lower for the LF group than for the NF group and was significantly lower than that of the control. Therefore, suspensions derived from anaerobically fermented offal provide a new control method for Fusarium wilt in banana.
基金This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFD1200201)Henan Provincial Science and Technology Research and Development Plan Joint Fund(222301420025)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program(ASTIP)of CAAS.
文摘Nitrogen(N)fertilizer application is essential for crop-plant growth and development.Identifying genetic loci associated with N-use efficiency(NUE)could increase wheat yields and reduce environmental pollution caused by overfertilization.We subjected a panel of 389 wheat accessions to N and chlorate(a nitrate analog)treatments to identify quantitative trait loci(QTL)controlling NUE-associated traits at the wheat seedling stage.Genotyping the panel with a 660K single-nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)array,we identified 397 SNPs associated with N-sensitivity index and chlorate inhibition rate.These SNPs were merged into 49 QTL,of which eight were multi-environment stable QTL and 27 were located near previously reported QTL.A set of 135 candidate genes near the 49 QTL included TaBOX(F-box family protein)and TaERF(ethylene-responsive transcription factor).A Tabox mutant was more sensitive to low-N stress than the wild-type plant.We developed two functional markers for Hap 1,the favorable allele of TaBOX.
文摘目的探讨黄芪多糖诱导成熟的树突状细胞(DC)肿瘤疫苗对S180荷瘤小鼠的抗肿瘤作用及作用机制。方法体外培养小鼠骨髓来源的DC,加入黄芪多糖诱导成熟,以S180肿瘤抗原致敏获得DC肿瘤疫苗。建立S180荷瘤小鼠模型,分为模型组、环磷酰胺组、黄芪多糖组、细胞因子组,在荷瘤第5天和第10天分别给予相应治疗。荷瘤第12天摘取肿瘤组织、胸腺、脾脏称质量,计算抑瘤率、胸腺指数、脾脏指数;ELISA法检测小鼠血清白细胞介素(IL)-4、干扰素(IFN)-γ水平。结果黄芪多糖组、细胞因子组的抑瘤率高于环磷酰胺组(64.25%、64.10%vs35.11%),胸腺指数高于环磷酰胺组(1.69±0.26、1.74±0.38 vs 1.45±0.22),脾脏指数高于环磷酰胺组(5.44±0.76、5.31±0.81 vs 3.54±0.52),IL-4水平(ng/L)低于环磷酰胺组(15.66±2.57、14.72±4.84 vs 23.95±6.07),IFN-γ水平(ng/L)高于环磷酰胺组(16.54±3.71、17.20±2.03 vs 10.37±2.19),差异均有统计学意义。结论黄芪多糖诱导的DC疫苗可有效发挥抑瘤作用,其机制可能与提高荷瘤小鼠胸腺指数与脾脏指数,调节细胞因子表达,促进Th1/Th2失衡向Th1细胞占优势的细胞免疫偏移,增强机体的抗肿瘤免疫功能有关。
