RP-HPLC法同时测定茵栀解毒颗粒中绿原酸和栀子苷的含量

建立RP-HPLC法同时测定茵栀解毒颗粒中绿原酸和栀子苷的含量。采用反相高效液相色谱法,色谱柱为C_(18)柱(250.0 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),柱温30℃,流动相为乙腈‒甲醇‒0.1%磷酸(11∶8∶81),等度洗脱,检测波长为(235±1)nm,流速为1 mL/min。结果显示,绿原酸的线性范围为0.0943~0.7544μg,r=0.999999(n=5),平均回收率为99.25%(n=6);栀子苷线性范围为0.1971~1.5766μg,r=0.999999(n=5),平均回收率为99.56%(n=6)。该方法检测效率高、专属性强、重复性好,为茵栀解毒颗粒的质量评价提供了简便、准确、可靠的定量方法。

红花药材RP-HPLC指纹图谱的建立及其质量评价研究

本文收集了市面上常见的红花药材,对红花的前处理方法进行优化,使用乙酸乙酯萃取等对红花进行初步提取。建立了红花药材的指纹图谱,对其中主要峰进行了化学指认,通过使用“相似度评价软件”进行数据处理,对红花药材指纹图谱的相似度进行比较分析,以研究不同产地红花药材的质量。

Replacement of annular domain with trapezoidal domain in computational modeling of nonaqueous-phase-liquid dissolution-front propagation problems

In order to simulate the instability phenomenon of a nonaqueous phase liquid(NAPL) dissolution front in a computational model, the intrinsic characteristic length is commonly used to determine the length scale at which the instability of the NAPL dissolution front can be initiated. This will require a huge number of finite elements if a whole NAPL dissolution system is simulated in the computational model. Even though modern supercomputers might be used to tackle this kind of NAPL dissolution problem, it can become prohibitive for commonly-used personal computers to do so. The main purpose of this work is to investigate whether or not the whole NAPL dissolution system of an annular domain can be replaced by a trapezoidal domain, so as to greatly reduce the requirements for computer efforts. The related simulation results have demonstrated that when the NAPL dissolution system under consideration is in a subcritical state, if the dissolution pattern around the entrance of an annulus domain is of interest, then a trapezoidal domain cannot be used to replace an annular domain in the computational simulation of the NAPL dissolution system.However, if the dissolution pattern away from the vicinity of the entrance of an annulus domain is of interest, then a trapezoidal domain can be used to replace an annular domain in the computational simulation of the NAPL dissolution system. When the NAPL dissolution system under consideration is in a supercritical state, a trapezoidal domain cannot be used to replace an annular domain in the computational simulation of the NAPL dissolution system.

Comparison of capacitive behavior of activated carbons with different pore structures in aqueous and nonaqueous systems

The pore structures of two activated carbons from sawdust with KOH activation and coconut-shell with steam activation for supercapacitor were analyzed by N2 adsorption method. The electrochemical properties of both activated carbons in 6 mol/L KOH solution and 1 mol/L EtgNPF4/PC were compared, and the effect of pore structure on the capacitance was investigated by cyclic voltammetry, AC impedance and charge-discharge measurements. The results indicate that the capacitance mainly depends on effective surface area, but the power property mainly depends on mesoporosity. At low specific current （1 A/g）, the maximum specific Capacitances of 276.3 F/g in aqueous system and 123.9 F/g in nonaqueous system can be obtained from sawdust activated carbon with a larger surface area of 1 808 m^2/g, butat a high specific current, the specific capacitance of coconut-shell activated carbon with a higher mesoporosity of 75.1% is more excellent. Activated carbon by KOH activation is fitter for aqueous system and that by steam activation is fitter for nonaqueous system.

The application of carbon materials in nonaqueous Na‐O2 batteries

Na‐O2 batteries are advantageous as the candidates of next‐generation electric vehicles due to their ultrahigh theoretical energy density and have attracted enormous attention recently.Tremendous efforts have been devoted to improve the Na‐O2 battery performance by designing advanced electrodes with various carbonbased materials.Carbon materials used in Na‐O2 batteries not only function as the air electrode to provide active sites and accommodate discharge products but also as Na anode protectors against dendrite growth and chemical/electrochemical corrosion.In this review,we mainly focus on the application of various carbonbased materials in Na‐O2 batteries and highlight their advances.The scientific understanding on the fundamental design of the material microstructure and chemistry in relation to the battery performance are summarized.Finally,perspectives on enhancing the overall battery performance based on the optimization and rational design of carbon‐based cell components are also briefly anticipated.

Solubility of CO_(2) in nonaqueous system of 2-(butylamino)ethanol with 2-butoxyethanol:Experimental data and model representation

Nonaqueous amine-based system is an attractive solution to overcome high-energy-intensive CO_(2) capture process using the conventional aqueous amines.Advanced nonaqueous absorbent of 2-(butylamino)ethanol(BAE)with 2-butoxyethanol(2-BE)has been recently proposed for low-energyconsumption CO_(2) capture.In this work,Henry’s law constants of CO_(2) in the BAE/2-BE blend were obtained by N_(2)O/CO_(2) analogy,and correlated in the temperature range of(283–333)K.Vapor-liquid equilibrium(VLE)data for the BAE+CO_(2)+2-BE system at 65.4%(mass)BAE were also determined in a stirred equilibrium cell at temperatures of(313–393)K and CO_(2) partial pressures up to 275 kPa.A single apparent equilibrium constant KCO_(2);app was proposed for this system and correlated as a function of temperature,carbonated degree of amine and CO_(2) loading.Solubility data were well represented by the modified Kent-Eisenberg model with an average absolute relative deviation(AARD)of 13%.

Engineering optimization approach of nonaqueous electrolyte for sodium ion battery with long cycle life and safety

Electrolyte design strategies are closely related to the capacities, cycle life and safety of sodium–ion batteries. In this study, we aimed to optimize electrolyte with the focus on engineering aspects. The basic physicochemical properties including ionic conductivity, viscosity,wettability and thermochemical stability of the electrolytes using Na PF6 as the solute and the mixed solvent with different components of EMC,DMC or DEC in PC or EC were systematically measured. Ah pouch cell with NaNi_(1/3)Fe_(1/3)Mn_(1/3)O_(2)/hard carbon electrodes was used to evaluate the performance of the prepared electrolytes. By using the Inductive Coupled Plasma Emission Spectrometer(ICP), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS), Thermogravimetric-differential scanning calorimetry(TG-DSC) and Accelerating Rate Calorimeter(ARC), we show that an optimized electrolyte can effectively promote the formation of a protective interfacial layer on two electrodes, which not only retards parasitic reactions between the electrodes and electrolyte but also suppresses dissolution of metal ions from the cathode. With an optimized electrolyte, a NaNi_(1/3)Fe_(1/3)Mn_(1/3)O_(2)/hard carbon cell can attain 56.16% capacity retention under the low temperature of -40℃, and can be able to retain 80%capacity retention after more than 2500 cycles while presenting excellent thermal safety.

The Applicaton of IAF Theory to the Study of Dissociation Equilibrium (Ⅱ) --The Calculation of Solubility Product Constant in Nonaqueous Solvents

This article reports a theoretical calculation of solubility product constant of several slightly soluble silver salts in a number of nonaqueous solvents according to the IAF (interaction force) theory based on the interaction free energy of electrostatic, orientation, induction and dispersion. The calculated values of pKsp are in good accordance with those from literature.

Simultaneous determination of berberine,matrine and oxymatrine in traditional Chinese medicines by using nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis

A rapid method for the simultaneous determination of berberine(BBR),matrine(MT)and oxymatrine(OMT)by nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis(NACE)was developed.Optimum separation of the analytes was obtained on a 50cm×50μm i.d.fused-silica capillary using a non-aqueous buffer system of 70mM ammonium acetate,7.0% acetic acid and 10% acetonitrile at 25kV and 20℃.The relative standard deviations(R.S.D.)of the migration times and peak areas of the three active components were 0.06%-0.20% and 0.12%-3.41% for berberine,0.11%-0.60% and 0.74%-1.63% for matrine,0.15% and 0.45% for oxymatrine,respectively.Detection limits of berberine,matrine and oxymtrine were 0.18μg/mL,4.08μg/mL and 4.16μg/mL,respectively.In the tested concentration range,good linear relationships(0.9992 for berberine,0.9988 for matrine and 0.9988 for oxymatrine)were observed.The linear calibration ranges were 0.45-360.0μg/mL for berberine,8.16-408.0μg/mL for matrine and 20.8-416.0μg/mL for oxymatrine.This method has been successfully applied to the phytochemical analysis of alkaloids extracts from two commonly used traditional Chinese herbal drugs:Sophora flavescens Ait.(Kushen)and Cortex phellodendri chinensis(Huangbai)and their medicinal preparations.

Chiral Separation of Ibuprofen and Terbutaline by Nonaqueous Capillary Electrophoresis with Conductance Detection

In the nonaqueous N,N -dimethylformamide medium, the chiral drugs ibuprofen and terbutaline were successfully separated with sulfonyl- β -cyclodextrin(s- β -CD) as the chiral selector by capillary electrophoresis with conductance detection. The comparison of the effects of three CDS( β -CD, diethylic- β -CD, sulfonyl- β -CD) on the chiral separation was made and the resolution mechanism was proposed.

Chiral Separation of N-Benzoyl Phenylalanine Methyl Ester by Nonaqueous Capillary Electrophoresis

A successful chiral separation of N-benzoyl phenylalanine methyl ester has been achieved by nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis (NACE) using P-CD as chiral selector in formamide (FA). Some experimental parameters influencing the chiral separation such as concentration of P-CD, ionic strength and apparent pH (pH*) are discussed.

RP-HPLC法检测甜梦口服液(甜梦合剂)中淫羊藿苷、紫丁香苷和23-乙酰泽泻醇B的含量

目的建立同时检测甜梦口服液(甜梦合剂)中的淫羊藿苷、紫丁香苷和23-乙酰泽泻醇B含量的RP-HPLC法。方法利用Shimadzu CLC ODS C 18(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm)分离甜梦口服液中3种成分(淫羊藿苷、紫丁香苷和23-乙酰泽泻醇B)。测定波长:淫羊藿苷为271 nm、紫丁香苷为265 nm和23-乙酰泽泻醇B为207 nm;柱温30℃,进样体积10μl。流动相:0.3%磷酸溶液(流动相A)-乙腈(流动相B),洗脱程序:0~4 min(95%A)、4~7 min(95%~78%A)、7~10 min(78%~38%A)、10~16 min(38%~26%A)、16~23 min(26%~19%A)、23~28 min(19%A)、28~28.5 min(19%~95%A)。外标法检测3种成分的含量。结果紫丁香苷、23-乙酰泽泻醇B和淫羊藿苷分别在0.1962~19.62μg/ml,0.7544~75.44μg/ml和0.1966~19.66μg/ml质量浓度范围内存在良好的线性关系,线性系数R 2均大于0.995;平均加标回收率分别为99.47%,98.68%和100.26%;仪器精密度和方法重复性RSD(n=6)均在5.0%以内。结论建立的RP-HPLC法具有线性范围广、检测结果准确等优点,可以用于甜梦口服液(甜梦合剂)供试品的质量控制。

NONAQUEOUS SERS:IMIDAZOLE IN METHANOL SOLUTION AT A SILVER ELECTRODE

This paper emphasizes the observation of SERS spectra of imidazole /LiCl in methanol solution at a silver electrode and a qualitative explaina- tion of the relationship between HERS spectra and molecular vibrational modes, and the relationship between SERS spectrum in aqueous and that in nonaqueous system.

An Equation of State for Nonaqueous Electrolyte Solutions

A two parameters equation of state (EOS) for nonaqueous electrolyte solutions system has been developed. The equation is in terms of Helmholtz free energy and incorporated with results of low density expansion of non-primitive mean spherical approximation. The EOS was tested for experimental data reported in literatures of 9 nonaqueous single electrolyte solutions of which the temperature was 298.15 K, and it also has a good predictive capability for nonaqueous electrolyte solutions at different temperature in this work. The comparisons with EOSs published earlier by other researchers in literatures are carried out in detail.

STUDY ON IMMOBILIZED PORCINE PANCREATIC LIPASE CATALYZING TRANSESTERIFICATION BETWEEN METHYL－BUTYRATE AND 1－BUTANOL IN NONAQUEOUS SYSTEMS

Transesterification between methyl-butyrate and 1-butanol in nonaqueous systems was catalyzed by porcine pancreatic lipase which was immobilized on cross- linked polystyrene. Organic solvents, substrate concentration, contents of water and other parameters which affect the immobilized enzyme activity were studied. Lipase immobilized on hydrophobic crosslinked polystyrene can reduce its diffusion limit in the reaction. It was found that the activity of immobilized lipase in organic systems was two times as high as that of free lipase.

畲药小香勾香豆素类成分RP-HPLC含量测定及抗炎靶点预测

[目的]以反相高效液相色谱(reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography,RP-HPLC)法测定畲药小香勾香豆素类成分补骨脂素和佛手柑内酯的含量,并结合网络药理学和动物实验验证小香勾的抗炎作用。[方法]色谱柱为Waters C18柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5.0μm),流动相A为乙腈,流动相B为0.1%甲酸溶液(体积比),梯度洗脱,流速为0.8 mL·min^(-1),补骨脂素检测波长245 nm,佛手柑内酯320 nm,柱温25℃。利用网络药理学平台收集小香勾香豆素类成分及抗炎相关靶点,利用Cytoscape 3.8.2软件建立成分-靶点网络,借助网络拓扑分析插件(Cytoscape network centrality analysis,CytoNCA)筛选抗炎核心靶点,进一步采用Metascape软件进行京都基因和基因组百科全书(Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomics,KEGG)通路富集分析。通过二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀法进一步验证小香勾的抗炎作用。[结果]补骨脂素和佛手柑内酯的质量浓度分别在0.51~102.00μg·mL^(-1)(r=0.9996)和0.24~48.00μg·mL^(-1)(r=0.9998)时与峰面积呈良好的线性关系。通过筛选获得小香勾补骨脂素和佛手柑内酯的相关基因57个,抗炎靶点2148个,交集靶点31个。KEGG通路富集分析发现,这些靶点主要涉及化学致癌作用-活性氧、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(mitogen-activated protein kinase,MAPK)信号通路、癌症途径、催乳素信号通路和叶酸生物合成等信号通路。与模型对照组比较,小香勾高剂量组(400 mg·kg^(-1))能显著抑制二甲苯所致小鼠耳肿胀(P<0.01),显示小香勾具有良好的抗炎作用。[结论]建立的RPHPLC法操作简单,灵敏度高,可用于小香勾质量控制。小香勾香豆素类成分通过多靶点多通路表现出良好的抗炎作用,为后续深入探讨小香勾抗炎机制提供了有利的科学依据。

RP-HPLC法检测阿齐沙坦有关物质的方法改进

目的建立一种新的阿齐沙坦有关物质检测方法。方法以YMC Triart C 18(4.6×250 mm,5μm)为色谱柱;以0.05 mol·L^(-1)乙酸铵缓冲液(氨水调节pH至9.0)为流动相A,甲醇为流动相B,线性梯度洗脱;流速0.8 mL·min^(-1);检测波长251 nm。结果阿齐沙坦与各杂质分离良好,各杂质和阿齐沙坦质量浓度0.1~1.0μg·mL^(-1)范围内,浓度与峰面积呈良好的线性关系,相关系数0.9990~1.0000;1、2、3、4和5检测限分别为0.0476、0.0570、0.0532、0.0588和0.0556μg·mL^(-1),平均回收率分别为96.66%、109.94%、102.18%、100.62%和100.26%,RSD分别为5.53%、6.14%、1.45%、3.0%和3.48%(n=9)。结论本法专属、可靠,可用于阿齐沙坦原料药有关物质的测定。

RP-HPLC法测定藏药野生麻花秦艽不同部位龙胆苦苷与异荭草苷含量探究

采用反相高效液相色谱法(RP-HPLC),测定西藏“解吉”类野生麻花秦艽不同器官中所含两种活性成分异荭草苷与龙胆苦苷的含量。方法 安捷伦SB-C18色谱柱(250mm×4.6mm,5μm);色谱柱温为20℃;采用梯度洗脱方法;洗脱程序为:0~15min,10%~10%A;15~20min,10%~15%A;20~40min,15%~35%A;40~45min,35%~95%A,45~50min,45%~95%A;检测波长为240nm;流动相A为乙腈,流动相B为0.1%磷酸水溶液;流速为1.0ml/min;进样体积10μL。结果 测得的龙胆苦苷与异荭草苷在0.0277732~0.138866μg /mL、0.0257936~0.128968μg /mL浓度范围内线性关系良好(r>0.9999);平均加样回收率分别为102.76%、99.87%,RSD分别为2.44%、2.56%(n=6)。野生麻花秦艽不同器官花、茎、叶、根中龙胆苦苷与异荭草苷百分含量分别为 4.94、5.38、7.41、13.39与0.00、0.10、0.24、0.19。结论 此方法简单、快速,结果可靠,实现了指导科学用药、提高药材利用率的目的。

RP-HPLC测定眩晕宁颗粒制剂中3种成分的含量

目的:建立了RP-HPLC法测定眩晕宁颗粒制剂中异绿原酸A等3种成分含量的方法。方法:CapcellPak UG C18色谱柱分离;检测波长:异绿原酸A、23-乙酰泽泻醇B和β-蜕皮甾酮检测波长分别设定348 nm、250 nm和208 nm;进样体积:10µL;柱温:28℃;以乙腈(A)-0.5%磷酸溶液(B)为洗脱溶剂,外标法定量检测。结果:异绿原酸A、β-蜕皮甾酮和23-乙酰泽泻醇B分别在浓度0.0767~7.67、0.0983~9.83和0.0197~1.97μg/mL范围内线性良好;回收率依次为100.05%、98.33%和99.42%;重复性和精密度RSD均在5.0%以内;供试品溶液在24h内稳定。结论:结果证明,此方法具有前处理简单等优点,可以用于眩晕宁颗粒制剂的质量控制。