In this article,a single-layer symmetrical full-port quasi-absorptive filtering phase shifter is presented.The proposed phase shifter is composed of a main quasi-absorptive filtering branch,a reference quasi-absorptiv...In this article,a single-layer symmetrical full-port quasi-absorptive filtering phase shifter is presented.The proposed phase shifter is composed of a main quasi-absorptive filtering branch,a reference quasi-absorptive filtering branch,and two delay lines.The proposed phase shifter achieves both phase controlling function and quasi-absorptive filtering function for the first time.Each quasi-absorptive filtering branch can realize the quasi-absorptive filtering function.Meanwhile,the constant phase shift can be obtained by combining the two quasi-absorptive filtering branches and the two delay lines.The design formulas can be derived from the even-and odd-mode network analysis,and then two quasi-absorptive filtering phase shifters can be devised easily and quickly.For verification,a 90°quasi-absorptive filtering phase shifter,which is critical for circularly polarized antenna systems,is simulated,manufactured,and measured.展开更多
To implement the multi-way phase shifting maintaining the compact size and simplicity in structure,the uniform reference line concept was proposed for the differential phase shifter.However,the performance in bandwidt...To implement the multi-way phase shifting maintaining the compact size and simplicity in structure,the uniform reference line concept was proposed for the differential phase shifter.However,the performance in bandwidth and phase range deteriorates with the additional requirements considered.To solve this problem,a quarter wavelength coupled line section loaded with open/short stubs is proposed as the basic element to implement the main line and also reference line.According to the theoretical analysis on this basic element,the loading stubs can be used to control the phase shift and also the phase slope of the basic element without affecting the amplitude property.With the predetermined parameters of the uniform reference line,only two parameters are required for the implementation of different differential phase shifts.This demonstrates the high simplicity of the proposed structure.For demonstration,an eight-way differential phase shifter operating at 3.5 GHz was implemented using the vertically installed planar structure.The prototype was further fabricated and measured.Good agreement between simulation and measurement can be observed.The implemented phase shifter can provide a wide range of phase shifting values from 45°to 315°with reference to the uniform reference line over a relative bandwidth of 62.3%.展开更多
The epitaxial material, device structure, and corresponding equivalent large signal circuit model of GaAs planar Schottky varactor diode are successfully developed to design and fabricate a monolithic phase shifter, w...The epitaxial material, device structure, and corresponding equivalent large signal circuit model of GaAs planar Schottky varactor diode are successfully developed to design and fabricate a monolithic phase shifter, which is based on right-handed nonlinear transmission lines and consists of a coplanar waveguide transmission line and periodically distributed GaAs planar Schottky varactor diode. The distributed-Schottky transmission-line-type phase shifter at a bias voltage greater than 1.5 V presents a continuous 0°–360° differential phase shift over a frequency range from 0 to 33 GHz. It is demonstrated that the minimum insertion loss is about 0.5 dB and that the return loss is less than-10 dB over the frequency band of 0–33 GHz at a reverse bias voltage less than 4.5 V. These excellent characteristics, such as broad differential phase shift, low insertion loss, and return loss, indicate that the proposed phase shifter can entirely be integrated into a phased array radar circuit.展开更多
The voltage controlled oscillator-based (VCO-based) continuous-time delta-sigma (CTDS) analog to digital converter (ADC) suffers from nonlinearity and mismatch in its feedback network. A new feedback network con...The voltage controlled oscillator-based (VCO-based) continuous-time delta-sigma (CTDS) analog to digital converter (ADC) suffers from nonlinearity and mismatch in its feedback network. A new feedback network consisting of a phase shifter is proposed. The phase shifter replaces the digital to analog converter (DAC) in the proposed architecture. Feasibility of the proposed idea is discussed and its higher performance is illustrated through a behavioral simulation approach (CppSim). We have also developed the phase shifter as a variable all-pass filter in the C language. The nonlinearity and mismatch of the system caused by DAC is mitigated, resulting in higher signal to noise ratio (SNR) and signal to noise and distortion ratio (SNDR), respectively.展开更多
A photonic-assisted radio frequency phase shifter with direct current voltage control is proposed using a polymer- based integrated Mach-Zehnder modulator. A closed-form expression of radio frequency (RF) signal pow...A photonic-assisted radio frequency phase shifter with direct current voltage control is proposed using a polymer- based integrated Mach-Zehnder modulator. A closed-form expression of radio frequency (RF) signal power and phase is given. Theoretical calculation reveals that by carefully setting the bias voltages, RF signal power variation lower than 1-dB and phase accuracy less than 3° can be achieved and are not degraded by perturbation of modulation index once the bias voltage drift is kept within -3% -- 3%.展开更多
A method of current drive with Ion Cyclotron Range of Frequency (ICRF) on Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokomak (EAST) is described. A variety of liquid silicon oil heights in the phase shifter will bring ...A method of current drive with Ion Cyclotron Range of Frequency (ICRF) on Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokomak (EAST) is described. A variety of liquid silicon oil heights in the phase shifter will bring the phase difference to the current drive. It is found that the current drive can be achieved by using the phase shifter. The liquid phase shifter is one of the impedance matching systems too.展开更多
A 60 GHz phased array system for mm wave frequency in 5G is introduced and a 5 bit digitally controlled phase shifter in 40 nm CMOS technology is presented.In a phased array system,the signal to noise ratio(SNR)of the...A 60 GHz phased array system for mm wave frequency in 5G is introduced and a 5 bit digitally controlled phase shifter in 40 nm CMOS technology is presented.In a phased array system,the signal to noise ratio(SNR)of the receiver is improved with the beaming forming function.Therefore,the communication data rate and distance are improved accordingly.The phase shifter is the key component for achieving the beam forming function,and its resolution and power consumption are also very critical.In the second half of this paper,an analysis of phase shifter is introduced,and a 60 GHz 5 bit digitally controlled phase shifter in 40 nm complementary metal oxide semiconductor(CMOS)technology is presented.In this presented phase shifter,a hybrid structure is implemented for its advantage on lower phase deviation while keeping comparable loss.Meanwhile,this digitally controlled phase shifter is much more compact than other works.For all 32 states,the minimum phase error is 1.5°,and the maximum phase error is 6.8°.The measured insertion loss is-20.9±1 dB including pad loss at 60 GHz and the return loss is more than 10 dB over 57-64 GHz.The total chip size is 0.24 mm^2 with 0 mW DC power consumption.展开更多
With the development of research on integrated photonic quantum information processing,the integration level of the integrated quantum photonic circuits has been increasing continuously,which makes the calibration of ...With the development of research on integrated photonic quantum information processing,the integration level of the integrated quantum photonic circuits has been increasing continuously,which makes the calibration of the phase shifters on the chip increasingly difficult.For the calibration of multiple cascaded phase shifters that is not easy to be decoupled,the resources consumed by conventional brute force methods increase exponentially with the number of phase shifters,making it impossible to calibrate a relatively large number of cascaded phase shifters.In this work,we experimentally validate an efficient method for calibrating cascaded phase shifters that achieves an exponential increase in calibration efficiency compared to the conventional method,thus solving the calibration problem for multiple cascaded phase shifters.Specifically,we experimentally calibrate an integrated quantum photonic circuit with nine cascaded phase shifters and achieve a high-precision calibration with an average fidelity of 99.26%.展开更多
Broadband phase shifters are mostly proposed and fabricated based on the scheme proposed by Shiffman, which uses a coupled line with far ends connected together and a uniform transmission line to give a differential p...Broadband phase shifters are mostly proposed and fabricated based on the scheme proposed by Shiffman, which uses a coupled line with far ends connected together and a uniform transmission line to give a differential phase shift. Based on the unique dispersion property of the composite right/left-handed (CRLH) metamaterial structure, a new configuration is presented in this paper for fabricating the broadband differential phase shifter, which employs a novel CRLH metamaterial structure as one of the differential phase-shift arms, instead of the conventional coupled line. The new circuit can achieve a phase shift of 90° in an operational bandwidth as broad as one octave and its phase deviations are quite small. An original design of the novel broadband phase shifter is presented, in which the artificial CRLH structure was implemented by microstrip quasi-lumped elements. Both the simulated and measured results of the 90° broadband differential phase shifter are presented.展开更多
Silicon photonic platforms offer relevance to large markets in many applications,such as optical phased arrays,photonic neural networks,programmable photonic integrated circuits,and quantum computation devices.As one ...Silicon photonic platforms offer relevance to large markets in many applications,such as optical phased arrays,photonic neural networks,programmable photonic integrated circuits,and quantum computation devices.As one of the basic tuning devices,the thermo-optic phase shifter(TOPS)plays an important role in all these applications.A TOPS with the merits of easy fabrication,low power consumption,small thermal time constant,low insertion loss,small footprint,and low crosstalk,is needed to improve the performance and lower the cost of the above applications.To meet these demands,various TOPS have been proposed and experimentally demonstrated on different foundry platforms In this paper,we review the state-of-the-art of TOPS,including metal heater,doped silicon,silicide,with silicon substrate undercut for heat insulation,folded waveguide structure,and multi-pass waveguide structure.We further compare these TOPSs and propose the directions of the future developments on TOPS.展开更多
We demonstrate the theory of chromatic dispersion (CD)-induced constellation rotation (CR) in a radio-over-fiber (ROF) link and a method for compensation. We also propose a 60 GHz full-duplex ROF system with vec...We demonstrate the theory of chromatic dispersion (CD)-induced constellation rotation (CR) in a radio-over-fiber (ROF) link and a method for compensation. We also propose a 60 GHz full-duplex ROF system with vector signal transmission including no CD effect. The evaluation of 5 Gb/s 16 quadrature amplitude modulation signal transmission shows that the CD-induced CR can be entirely overcome due to the proposed method which is simply implemented through an optical phase shifter. The proposed ROF schedule is not only applicable for V-band (57-64 GHz) but also fits for W-band (75-110 GHz), or any other bandwidth.展开更多
The design approach and performance of a 22.5°/45°digital phase shifter based on a switched filter network for X-band phased arrays are described.Both the MMIC phase shifters are fabricated employing a 0.25 ...The design approach and performance of a 22.5°/45°digital phase shifter based on a switched filter network for X-band phased arrays are described.Both the MMIC phase shifters are fabricated employing a 0.25 m gate GaAs pHEMT process and share in the same chip size of 0.82 1.06 mm^2.The measurement results of the proposed phase shifters over the whole operating frequency range show that the phase shift error is less than 22.5°˙2.5°,45°˙3.5°,which shows an excellent agreement with the simulated performance,the insertion loss is within the range of 0.9–1.2 dB for the 22.5° phase shifter and 0.9–1.4 dB for the 45°phase shifter,and the input/output return loss is better than –12.5 and –11 dB respectively.They also achieve the similar P(1dB)continuous wave power handing capability of 24.8 dBm at 10 GHz.The phase shifters show a good phase shift error,insertion loss and return loss in the X-band(40%),which can be employed into the wide bandwidth multi-bit digital phase shifter.展开更多
This paper proposed an X-band 6-bit passive phase shifter (PS) designed in 0.18 μm silicon-on-insulator (SOI) CMOS technology, which solves the key problem of high integration degree, low power, and a small size ...This paper proposed an X-band 6-bit passive phase shifter (PS) designed in 0.18 μm silicon-on-insulator (SOI) CMOS technology, which solves the key problem of high integration degree, low power, and a small size T/R module. The switched-topology is employed to achieve broadband and fiat phase shift. The ESD circuit and driver are also integrated in the PS. It covers the frequency band from 7.5 to 10.5 GHz with an EMS phase error less than 7.5%. The input and output VSWRs are less than 2 and the insertion loss (IL) is between 8-14 dB across the 7.5 to 10.5 GHz, with a maximum IL difference of 4 dB. The input 1 dB compression point (IP1dB) is 20 dBm.展开更多
Phase shifter is one of the key devices in microwave photonics. We report a silicon microring resonator with coupling modulation to realize microwave phase shift. With coupling tuning of the Mach-Zehnder interferomet...Phase shifter is one of the key devices in microwave photonics. We report a silicon microring resonator with coupling modulation to realize microwave phase shift. With coupling tuning of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) coupler to change the resonator from under-coupling to over-coupling, the device can realize a π phase shift on the incoming microwave signal with a frequency up to 25 GHz. The device can also realize 2.5π continuous phase tuning by manipulating the three DC bias voltages applied on the MZI coupler.展开更多
A new reflection-type wideband 360° monolithic-microwave integrated-circuit (MMIC) analog phase shifter at the Ka-band is proposed. The phase shifter is designed based on the principle of vector synthesis. Thre...A new reflection-type wideband 360° monolithic-microwave integrated-circuit (MMIC) analog phase shifter at the Ka-band is proposed. The phase shifter is designed based on the principle of vector synthesis. Three Lange couplers are employed in the phase shifter, which is fabricated by the standard 0.25μzm GaAs process. We use four 4 × 40μm GaAs HEMTs as the reflection loads. A microstrip line in parallel with the device is used as an inductance to counteract the parasitic capacitance of the device so that the reflection load performs like a pure resistance and the insertion loss can be decreased. In this phase shifter, a folded Lange coupler is utilized to reduce the size of the chip. The size of the proposed MMIC phase shifter is only 2.0 × 1.2 mm2. The measurement results show that the insertion loss is 5.0 4- 0.8 dB and a 360°continuously tunable range across 27-32 GHz is obtained with miniscule DC power consumption.展开更多
We propose a novel silicon optical phase shifter structure based on heterogeneous strip-loaded waveguides on a photonic silicon on insulator(SOI) platform. The features of an etchless SOI layer and loaded strip would ...We propose a novel silicon optical phase shifter structure based on heterogeneous strip-loaded waveguides on a photonic silicon on insulator(SOI) platform. The features of an etchless SOI layer and loaded strip would enhance the performance and uniformity of silicon optical modulators on a large-scale wafer. We implemented the phase shifter by loading an amorphous silicon strip onto an SOI layer with a vertical PN diode structure. Compared to the conventional lateral PN phase shifter based on half-etched rib waveguides, this phase shifter shows a >1.5 times enhancement of modulation efficiency and provides >20 GHz high-speed operation.展开更多
This paper presents a 5-bit active LO phase shifter with a new vector sum method for 9–12 GHz applications. The 5-bit phase shifter is composed of four 3-bit sub phase shifters by adopting the new vector sum method, ...This paper presents a 5-bit active LO phase shifter with a new vector sum method for 9–12 GHz applications. The 5-bit phase shifter is composed of four 3-bit sub phase shifters by adopting the new vector sum method, which reduces the requirements on the resolution of the variable gain amplifier(VGA). The variable gain function is realized by switch on/off parallel input transistor pairs rather than changing the bias current of the VGA,which avoids the linearity variation and drain-source voltage variation existing in the quadrature vector sum active phase shifter. The 5-bit active LO phase shifter is fabricated in TSMC 0.13μm CMOS technology. The measured results show that the phase shifter achieves 5-bit phase shift accuracy. The average conversion gain for 32 phase states is 0:5 to 7 d B from 9 to 12 GHz. The RMS gain error and the RMS phase error are smaller than 0.8 d B and 4° respectively. The current consumption is 27.7 m A from a 1.2 V supply voltage.展开更多
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundations of China(No.U20A20203,No.61971052,U21A20510)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2021XDA07-1)Key Research and Development Project of Guangdong Province(2020B0101080001)。
文摘In this article,a single-layer symmetrical full-port quasi-absorptive filtering phase shifter is presented.The proposed phase shifter is composed of a main quasi-absorptive filtering branch,a reference quasi-absorptive filtering branch,and two delay lines.The proposed phase shifter achieves both phase controlling function and quasi-absorptive filtering function for the first time.Each quasi-absorptive filtering branch can realize the quasi-absorptive filtering function.Meanwhile,the constant phase shift can be obtained by combining the two quasi-absorptive filtering branches and the two delay lines.The design formulas can be derived from the even-and odd-mode network analysis,and then two quasi-absorptive filtering phase shifters can be devised easily and quickly.For verification,a 90°quasi-absorptive filtering phase shifter,which is critical for circularly polarized antenna systems,is simulated,manufactured,and measured.
基金The work described in this paper was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62071503).
文摘To implement the multi-way phase shifting maintaining the compact size and simplicity in structure,the uniform reference line concept was proposed for the differential phase shifter.However,the performance in bandwidth and phase range deteriorates with the additional requirements considered.To solve this problem,a quarter wavelength coupled line section loaded with open/short stubs is proposed as the basic element to implement the main line and also reference line.According to the theoretical analysis on this basic element,the loading stubs can be used to control the phase shift and also the phase slope of the basic element without affecting the amplitude property.With the predetermined parameters of the uniform reference line,only two parameters are required for the implementation of different differential phase shifts.This demonstrates the high simplicity of the proposed structure.For demonstration,an eight-way differential phase shifter operating at 3.5 GHz was implemented using the vertically installed planar structure.The prototype was further fabricated and measured.Good agreement between simulation and measurement can be observed.The implemented phase shifter can provide a wide range of phase shifting values from 45°to 315°with reference to the uniform reference line over a relative bandwidth of 62.3%.
基金Project supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities,China(Grant No.XDJK2013B004)the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Southwest University,China(Grant No.SWU111030)the State Key Laboratory for Millimeter Waves of Southeast University,China(Grant No.K201312)
文摘The epitaxial material, device structure, and corresponding equivalent large signal circuit model of GaAs planar Schottky varactor diode are successfully developed to design and fabricate a monolithic phase shifter, which is based on right-handed nonlinear transmission lines and consists of a coplanar waveguide transmission line and periodically distributed GaAs planar Schottky varactor diode. The distributed-Schottky transmission-line-type phase shifter at a bias voltage greater than 1.5 V presents a continuous 0°–360° differential phase shift over a frequency range from 0 to 33 GHz. It is demonstrated that the minimum insertion loss is about 0.5 dB and that the return loss is less than-10 dB over the frequency band of 0–33 GHz at a reverse bias voltage less than 4.5 V. These excellent characteristics, such as broad differential phase shift, low insertion loss, and return loss, indicate that the proposed phase shifter can entirely be integrated into a phased array radar circuit.
基金supported by Iran Telecommunication Research Center under Grant No. 4222/500
文摘The voltage controlled oscillator-based (VCO-based) continuous-time delta-sigma (CTDS) analog to digital converter (ADC) suffers from nonlinearity and mismatch in its feedback network. A new feedback network consisting of a phase shifter is proposed. The phase shifter replaces the digital to analog converter (DAC) in the proposed architecture. Feasibility of the proposed idea is discussed and its higher performance is illustrated through a behavioral simulation approach (CppSim). We have also developed the phase shifter as a variable all-pass filter in the C language. The nonlinearity and mismatch of the system caused by DAC is mitigated, resulting in higher signal to noise ratio (SNR) and signal to noise and distortion ratio (SNDR), respectively.
基金Project supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(Grant No.2014JBM013)
文摘A photonic-assisted radio frequency phase shifter with direct current voltage control is proposed using a polymer- based integrated Mach-Zehnder modulator. A closed-form expression of radio frequency (RF) signal power and phase is given. Theoretical calculation reveals that by carefully setting the bias voltages, RF signal power variation lower than 1-dB and phase accuracy less than 3° can be achieved and are not degraded by perturbation of modulation index once the bias voltage drift is kept within -3% -- 3%.
文摘A method of current drive with Ion Cyclotron Range of Frequency (ICRF) on Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokomak (EAST) is described. A variety of liquid silicon oil heights in the phase shifter will bring the phase difference to the current drive. It is found that the current drive can be achieved by using the phase shifter. The liquid phase shifter is one of the impedance matching systems too.
基金supported by the National Science Foundation of China (No. 61828401)
文摘A 60 GHz phased array system for mm wave frequency in 5G is introduced and a 5 bit digitally controlled phase shifter in 40 nm CMOS technology is presented.In a phased array system,the signal to noise ratio(SNR)of the receiver is improved with the beaming forming function.Therefore,the communication data rate and distance are improved accordingly.The phase shifter is the key component for achieving the beam forming function,and its resolution and power consumption are also very critical.In the second half of this paper,an analysis of phase shifter is introduced,and a 60 GHz 5 bit digitally controlled phase shifter in 40 nm complementary metal oxide semiconductor(CMOS)technology is presented.In this presented phase shifter,a hybrid structure is implemented for its advantage on lower phase deviation while keeping comparable loss.Meanwhile,this digitally controlled phase shifter is much more compact than other works.For all 32 states,the minimum phase error is 1.5°,and the maximum phase error is 6.8°.The measured insertion loss is-20.9±1 dB including pad loss at 60 GHz and the return loss is more than 10 dB over 57-64 GHz.The total chip size is 0.24 mm^2 with 0 mW DC power consumption.
基金Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2017YFA0305200)the Key Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province,China(Grant Nos.2018B030329001 and 2018B030325001)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61974168)。
文摘With the development of research on integrated photonic quantum information processing,the integration level of the integrated quantum photonic circuits has been increasing continuously,which makes the calibration of the phase shifters on the chip increasingly difficult.For the calibration of multiple cascaded phase shifters that is not easy to be decoupled,the resources consumed by conventional brute force methods increase exponentially with the number of phase shifters,making it impossible to calibrate a relatively large number of cascaded phase shifters.In this work,we experimentally validate an efficient method for calibrating cascaded phase shifters that achieves an exponential increase in calibration efficiency compared to the conventional method,thus solving the calibration problem for multiple cascaded phase shifters.Specifically,we experimentally calibrate an integrated quantum photonic circuit with nine cascaded phase shifters and achieve a high-precision calibration with an average fidelity of 99.26%.
基金Project supported by the National Basic Research Program (973) of China (No. 2004CB719802)the National Natural Science Founda-tion of China (No. 60378037)the Science and Technology Department of Zhejiang Province, China (No. 2005C31004)
文摘Broadband phase shifters are mostly proposed and fabricated based on the scheme proposed by Shiffman, which uses a coupled line with far ends connected together and a uniform transmission line to give a differential phase shift. Based on the unique dispersion property of the composite right/left-handed (CRLH) metamaterial structure, a new configuration is presented in this paper for fabricating the broadband differential phase shifter, which employs a novel CRLH metamaterial structure as one of the differential phase-shift arms, instead of the conventional coupled line. The new circuit can achieve a phase shift of 90° in an operational bandwidth as broad as one octave and its phase deviations are quite small. An original design of the novel broadband phase shifter is presented, in which the artificial CRLH structure was implemented by microstrip quasi-lumped elements. Both the simulated and measured results of the 90° broadband differential phase shifter are presented.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.10174057, 90201011) and the Key Project of Chinese Ministry of Education (No.105148).
基金This work was supported by Chuan-Yu Cooperation Project(No.Cstc2020jscx-cy1hX0006)Chongqing Science and Technology Commission of China(Grant No.cstc2020jscx-msxm0099 and cstc2020jscx-msxm0100)Chongqing Natural Science Foundation of China(No.cstc2020jcyj-msxm3725).
文摘Silicon photonic platforms offer relevance to large markets in many applications,such as optical phased arrays,photonic neural networks,programmable photonic integrated circuits,and quantum computation devices.As one of the basic tuning devices,the thermo-optic phase shifter(TOPS)plays an important role in all these applications.A TOPS with the merits of easy fabrication,low power consumption,small thermal time constant,low insertion loss,small footprint,and low crosstalk,is needed to improve the performance and lower the cost of the above applications.To meet these demands,various TOPS have been proposed and experimentally demonstrated on different foundry platforms In this paper,we review the state-of-the-art of TOPS,including metal heater,doped silicon,silicide,with silicon substrate undercut for heat insulation,folded waveguide structure,and multi-pass waveguide structure.We further compare these TOPSs and propose the directions of the future developments on TOPS.
基金supported by the National "973" Project of China(Nos.2010CB328202,2010CB328204,and 2012CB315604)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61271191 and 61001124)+3 种基金the National "863" Project of China(No.2012AA011302)the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University(No.NCET-12-0793)the Beijing Nova Program(No.2011065)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
文摘We demonstrate the theory of chromatic dispersion (CD)-induced constellation rotation (CR) in a radio-over-fiber (ROF) link and a method for compensation. We also propose a 60 GHz full-duplex ROF system with vector signal transmission including no CD effect. The evaluation of 5 Gb/s 16 quadrature amplitude modulation signal transmission shows that the CD-induced CR can be entirely overcome due to the proposed method which is simply implemented through an optical phase shifter. The proposed ROF schedule is not only applicable for V-band (57-64 GHz) but also fits for W-band (75-110 GHz), or any other bandwidth.
文摘The design approach and performance of a 22.5°/45°digital phase shifter based on a switched filter network for X-band phased arrays are described.Both the MMIC phase shifters are fabricated employing a 0.25 m gate GaAs pHEMT process and share in the same chip size of 0.82 1.06 mm^2.The measurement results of the proposed phase shifters over the whole operating frequency range show that the phase shift error is less than 22.5°˙2.5°,45°˙3.5°,which shows an excellent agreement with the simulated performance,the insertion loss is within the range of 0.9–1.2 dB for the 22.5° phase shifter and 0.9–1.4 dB for the 45°phase shifter,and the input/output return loss is better than –12.5 and –11 dB respectively.They also achieve the similar P(1dB)continuous wave power handing capability of 24.8 dBm at 10 GHz.The phase shifters show a good phase shift error,insertion loss and return loss in the X-band(40%),which can be employed into the wide bandwidth multi-bit digital phase shifter.
文摘This paper proposed an X-band 6-bit passive phase shifter (PS) designed in 0.18 μm silicon-on-insulator (SOI) CMOS technology, which solves the key problem of high integration degree, low power, and a small size T/R module. The switched-topology is employed to achieve broadband and fiat phase shift. The ESD circuit and driver are also integrated in the PS. It covers the frequency band from 7.5 to 10.5 GHz with an EMS phase error less than 7.5%. The input and output VSWRs are less than 2 and the insertion loss (IL) is between 8-14 dB across the 7.5 to 10.5 GHz, with a maximum IL difference of 4 dB. The input 1 dB compression point (IP1dB) is 20 dBm.
基金Acknowledgements This work was supported in part by the National High Technology Research and Development Program (863 Program) (No. 2013AA014402), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (Grant Nos. 61422508), the Shanghai Rising-Star Program (No. 14QA 1402600), and the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education (SRFDP) of Ministry of Education of China (No. 20130073130005). We also acknowledge IME Singapore for device fabrication.
文摘Phase shifter is one of the key devices in microwave photonics. We report a silicon microring resonator with coupling modulation to realize microwave phase shift. With coupling tuning of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) coupler to change the resonator from under-coupling to over-coupling, the device can realize a π phase shift on the incoming microwave signal with a frequency up to 25 GHz. The device can also realize 2.5π continuous phase tuning by manipulating the three DC bias voltages applied on the MZI coupler.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61334002)the Opening Project of Science and Technologyon Reliability Physics and Application Technology of Electronic Component Laboratory(No.ZHD201206)the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University(No.NCET-12-0915)
文摘A new reflection-type wideband 360° monolithic-microwave integrated-circuit (MMIC) analog phase shifter at the Ka-band is proposed. The phase shifter is designed based on the principle of vector synthesis. Three Lange couplers are employed in the phase shifter, which is fabricated by the standard 0.25μzm GaAs process. We use four 4 × 40μm GaAs HEMTs as the reflection loads. A microstrip line in parallel with the device is used as an inductance to counteract the parasitic capacitance of the device so that the reflection load performs like a pure resistance and the insertion loss can be decreased. In this phase shifter, a folded Lange coupler is utilized to reduce the size of the chip. The size of the proposed MMIC phase shifter is only 2.0 × 1.2 mm2. The measurement results show that the insertion loss is 5.0 4- 0.8 dB and a 360°continuously tunable range across 27-32 GHz is obtained with miniscule DC power consumption.
文摘We propose a novel silicon optical phase shifter structure based on heterogeneous strip-loaded waveguides on a photonic silicon on insulator(SOI) platform. The features of an etchless SOI layer and loaded strip would enhance the performance and uniformity of silicon optical modulators on a large-scale wafer. We implemented the phase shifter by loading an amorphous silicon strip onto an SOI layer with a vertical PN diode structure. Compared to the conventional lateral PN phase shifter based on half-etched rib waveguides, this phase shifter shows a >1.5 times enhancement of modulation efficiency and provides >20 GHz high-speed operation.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61376037)the National Twelve-Five Project(No.513***)
文摘This paper presents a 5-bit active LO phase shifter with a new vector sum method for 9–12 GHz applications. The 5-bit phase shifter is composed of four 3-bit sub phase shifters by adopting the new vector sum method, which reduces the requirements on the resolution of the variable gain amplifier(VGA). The variable gain function is realized by switch on/off parallel input transistor pairs rather than changing the bias current of the VGA,which avoids the linearity variation and drain-source voltage variation existing in the quadrature vector sum active phase shifter. The 5-bit active LO phase shifter is fabricated in TSMC 0.13μm CMOS technology. The measured results show that the phase shifter achieves 5-bit phase shift accuracy. The average conversion gain for 32 phase states is 0:5 to 7 d B from 9 to 12 GHz. The RMS gain error and the RMS phase error are smaller than 0.8 d B and 4° respectively. The current consumption is 27.7 m A from a 1.2 V supply voltage.