An N-gram Chinese language model incorporating linguistic rules is presented. By constructing elements lattice, rules information is incorporated in statistical frame. To facilitate the hybrid modeling, novel methods ...An N-gram Chinese language model incorporating linguistic rules is presented. By constructing elements lattice, rules information is incorporated in statistical frame. To facilitate the hybrid modeling, novel methods such as MI-based rule evaluating, weighted rule quantification and element-based n-gram probability approximation are presented. Dynamic Viterbi algorithm is adopted to search the best path in lattice. To strengthen the model, transformation-based error-driven rules learning is adopted. Applying proposed model to Chinese Pinyin-to-character conversion, high performance has been achieved in accuracy, flexibility and robustness simultaneously. Tests show correct rate achieves 94.81% instead of 90.53% using bi-gram Markov model alone. Many long-distance dependency and recursion in language can be processed effectively.展开更多
With international exchanges and gatherings becoming more common, Chinese in pinyin, mainly the names of people and places has become more and more common. Pinyin is a system for transliterating Chinese characters int...With international exchanges and gatherings becoming more common, Chinese in pinyin, mainly the names of people and places has become more and more common. Pinyin is a system for transliterating Chinese characters into the Roman alphabet and was officially adopted by the People＇s Republic of China in 1979.展开更多
1945 nian 6 yue 11 ri Mao zhuxi yong'Yu Gong Yi Shan' de gushi, shuole xia-mian yi duan hua: 'Zhongguo gudai you ge yuyan, jiaozuo’Yu Gong Yi Shan’. Shuod shi gudai youyi wei laoren, zhu zai Huabei, ming...1945 nian 6 yue 11 ri Mao zhuxi yong'Yu Gong Yi Shan' de gushi, shuole xia-mian yi duan hua: 'Zhongguo gudai you ge yuyan, jiaozuo’Yu Gong Yi Shan’. Shuod shi gudai youyi wei laoren, zhu zai Huabei, mingjiaoBeishan Yu Gong. Tad jiamen nanmian youliang zuo da shan dangzhu ta jia de chulu,yi zuo jiaozuo Taihangshan, yi zuo jiaozuoWangwushan. Yu Gong xia juexin shuai-ling tad erzimen yao yong chutou waqu zheliang zuo da shan. You ge laotouzi mingjiaoZhi Sou de kanle faxiao, shuoshi nimenzheyang gan weimian tai yuchun le, nimenfu-zi shu ren yao wadiao zheyang liang zuoda shan shi wanquan bukenengd. Yu Gonghuida shuo: Wo sile yihou you wod erzi,展开更多
Phonics is designed to develop students’skills in decoding written words and spelling words they hear by creating connections between letters and their corresponding sounds.The structure and pronunciation of certain ...Phonics is designed to develop students’skills in decoding written words and spelling words they hear by creating connections between letters and their corresponding sounds.The structure and pronunciation of certain elements in Chinese Pinyin bear resemblance to those of specific letters and letter combinations in English.Consequently,it is hypothesized that for young learners of English in China,their familiarity with Chinese Pinyin could potentially enhance their learning of English as a second language(ESL),and educators might utilize Pinyin in teaching phonics.This study aimed to explore the extent and manner in which Pinyin influences phonics.By examining the performance of young learners in phonics acquisition,the study revealed that Chinese Pinyin has a significant impact on phonics,which is more intricate than initially anticipated.Positive transfer is observed when the Pinyin initials correspond to English consonants in both form and sound.Conversely,negative transfer occurs with most vowels,which differ significantly from the final sounds in pronunciation.These findings offer valuable insights for phonics instruction,potentially aiding in the improvement of pronunciation and vocabulary acquisition.展开更多
Economics professor and renowned linguist Zhou Yongguang, who celebrated his 102nd birthday on January 13,is the only surviving creator of the pinyin system.As a member of the reform panel on the Chinese language and ...Economics professor and renowned linguist Zhou Yongguang, who celebrated his 102nd birthday on January 13,is the only surviving creator of the pinyin system.As a member of the reform panel on the Chinese language and a professor of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences in the 1950s, he put forward three principles of the pinyin system,which was publicized in 1958.He also展开更多
Picture this-you’re in Shanghai,sitting in a hotel room, with five different maps of the city sprawled on the bed before you,and you’re trying to logistically plan a day in this grand city.
文摘An N-gram Chinese language model incorporating linguistic rules is presented. By constructing elements lattice, rules information is incorporated in statistical frame. To facilitate the hybrid modeling, novel methods such as MI-based rule evaluating, weighted rule quantification and element-based n-gram probability approximation are presented. Dynamic Viterbi algorithm is adopted to search the best path in lattice. To strengthen the model, transformation-based error-driven rules learning is adopted. Applying proposed model to Chinese Pinyin-to-character conversion, high performance has been achieved in accuracy, flexibility and robustness simultaneously. Tests show correct rate achieves 94.81% instead of 90.53% using bi-gram Markov model alone. Many long-distance dependency and recursion in language can be processed effectively.
文摘With international exchanges and gatherings becoming more common, Chinese in pinyin, mainly the names of people and places has become more and more common. Pinyin is a system for transliterating Chinese characters into the Roman alphabet and was officially adopted by the People＇s Republic of China in 1979.
基金Acknowledgements： This research was partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 60435020 and No. 90612005）, the Goal-oriented Lessons from the National 863 Program of China （No.2006AA01Z197） and Project of Microsoft Research Asia.
文摘1945 nian 6 yue 11 ri Mao zhuxi yong'Yu Gong Yi Shan' de gushi, shuole xia-mian yi duan hua: 'Zhongguo gudai you ge yuyan, jiaozuo’Yu Gong Yi Shan’. Shuod shi gudai youyi wei laoren, zhu zai Huabei, mingjiaoBeishan Yu Gong. Tad jiamen nanmian youliang zuo da shan dangzhu ta jia de chulu,yi zuo jiaozuo Taihangshan, yi zuo jiaozuoWangwushan. Yu Gong xia juexin shuai-ling tad erzimen yao yong chutou waqu zheliang zuo da shan. You ge laotouzi mingjiaoZhi Sou de kanle faxiao, shuoshi nimenzheyang gan weimian tai yuchun le, nimenfu-zi shu ren yao wadiao zheyang liang zuoda shan shi wanquan bukenengd. Yu Gonghuida shuo: Wo sile yihou you wod erzi,
文摘Phonics is designed to develop students’skills in decoding written words and spelling words they hear by creating connections between letters and their corresponding sounds.The structure and pronunciation of certain elements in Chinese Pinyin bear resemblance to those of specific letters and letter combinations in English.Consequently,it is hypothesized that for young learners of English in China,their familiarity with Chinese Pinyin could potentially enhance their learning of English as a second language(ESL),and educators might utilize Pinyin in teaching phonics.This study aimed to explore the extent and manner in which Pinyin influences phonics.By examining the performance of young learners in phonics acquisition,the study revealed that Chinese Pinyin has a significant impact on phonics,which is more intricate than initially anticipated.Positive transfer is observed when the Pinyin initials correspond to English consonants in both form and sound.Conversely,negative transfer occurs with most vowels,which differ significantly from the final sounds in pronunciation.These findings offer valuable insights for phonics instruction,potentially aiding in the improvement of pronunciation and vocabulary acquisition.
文摘Economics professor and renowned linguist Zhou Yongguang, who celebrated his 102nd birthday on January 13,is the only surviving creator of the pinyin system.As a member of the reform panel on the Chinese language and a professor of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences in the 1950s, he put forward three principles of the pinyin system,which was publicized in 1958.He also
文摘Picture this-you’re in Shanghai,sitting in a hotel room, with five different maps of the city sprawled on the bed before you,and you’re trying to logistically plan a day in this grand city.
