Standardized Production Technology of Virus-free Seed Potato

The research reviewed standardized production technology of virus-free seed potato, including stem tip isolation, tissue culture seedling production, breeder＇s seed and protospecies production, and standard potato tubers＇ production, and concluded a set of standardized production technology for virus-free seed potato, in order to provide theoretical references for improving potato yield.

Proper Management of Standards Formulation for Marine Survey Instrument Products

The challenges of the ocean working environment and conditions require that marine instrumentsand equipment be highly reliable and environmentally adaptable.The various parts and componentsof marine instruments should be interchangeable,so as to reduce product costs and reasonably economizethe use of energy and material resources.This paper intruduces the importance of formulating marine instrumentproduct standards,the present conditions and problems of marine product standards,and proposesrelated measures and suggestions to sovle the problems.

Preliminary Study on the Standard of Selenium Content in Agricultural Products

With the improvement of living standards, people pay more attention to the agricultural products with health protection function, and the selenium-rich agricultural products attract more and more consumers. The main biological role of selenium is to resist oxidation and inflammatory response, mainly focusing on resisting aging, preventing cardiovascular disease, protecting eyesight, counteracting or destroying the toxic properties, preventing cancer and thyroid disease. In most areas of China, there is a widespread shortage of selenium, thus producing selenium-rich agricultural products to provide natural selenium-rich health food to the areas in need of selenium, has gradually become a new hot spot of China's health food industry, but high content of selenium in food is detrimental to human body, even leads to selenium intoxication, and artificially adding inorganic selenium is difficult to guarantee that the selenium content of agricultural products is not exceeded. According to human body's daily demand for selenium in dietetics and the content of selenium in agricultural products in the Chinese food composition table, we put forward the recommendations on the standard of selenium in agricultural products, in order to provide the basis for China to formulate the health standard of selenium content in selenium-rich agricultural products.

Can environmental regulations achieve both profitability and profit quality?A natural experiment based on the China Cleaner Production Standards

Numerous studies evaluated the effects of end-of-pipe control environmental regulations(EER).However,few scholars discussed the effects of process management environmental regulations(PER),such as the China Cleaner Production Standards(CCPS)implemented by the country's Ministry of Ecology and Environment.Using data on China's manufacturing enterprises,this paper adopts the CCPS policies as quasi-natural experiments and uses differences-in-differences(DID)methods to analyze their effects on enterprise profitability and profit quality,respectively.The results show that:first,the CCPS significantly improve both profitability and profit quality;that is,the implementation of the environmental regulation policy plays a significant role in improving enterprise profit rates and cash flows.Second,for the profitability mediator effects,the short-term Porter effect of CCPS is not significant but shows the opposite during the lag period and significantly reduces the management cost and wage levels,comprehensively promoting enterprise profitability.Third,for the profit quality meditator effects,environmental regulations improve the enterprises'cash flow by reducing management costs and increasing government subsidies;however,its effect on bank credit subsidies is not significant.Fourth,for the moderator effects,the environmental regulations'effect on enterprises profitability and profit quality depends on the strategic interaction among local governments,the scale and ownership of the enterprise,and regional differences.That is,the strategic interaction weakens the effect of environmental regulations on enterprise performance.Environmental regulations have a stronger influence on profitability and profit quality for large-scale,state-owned,and coastal enterprises.

Standardized Production Technical Regulations of Jingdan No. 15

The standardized production technical regulations of a new maize variety Jingdan No.15 are introduced from all aspects of land preparation,sowing,fertilization,intercropping,plant protection,interplanting,and harvesting.

Chinese Standards an Refractories Refractory-Ceramic Fiber and the Products

1 Scope This standard specifies the terms, definitions, classifications, brands, technical requirements, test methods, quality appraisal procedure, packing, marking, transportation, storage and quality certificate of ceramic fiher and the products.

Quality and Testing Standards on Rice Production in China and Development Strategies

China is the biggest country of rice production and consumption in the world;more than 50% of the population feeds chiefly on rice. The quality of rice and its role as a staplefood carry much weight. The rice qualities are those aspects concerning processing, appearance,cooking, nutrition and safety of the product. The study, formulation and implementation of standardson rice qualities and testing bear heavily on the improving of rice qualities, human health,substitution of rice varieties, promoting quality rice production and regulating rice market.

The Publication and Distribution of Chinses Standards and Other Standards-related Products

Standards Press of China (SPC), founded in October 1963, is the onlypublication center in China licensed to publish national standards, trade standards, and booksconcerned with standardization, quality, and other science and technology. The main publications areas following: 1. National standards; 2. Trade standards; 3. Standards compilation booksand guides; 4. Books concerned with standardization; 5. Books of quality management andquality certification; 6. Books of environmental management and environmental certification.

国内消费者需求偏好与贸易高质量发展

本文聚焦国内消费者需求偏好视角来考察中国贸易高质量发展,采用2000—2014年中国海关数据库、中国工业企业数据库、全国标准信息公共服务平台数据库、WIOD和CEPII数据库,研究了国内消费者需求偏好升级对中国企业进出口产品质量的影响。研究发现:国内消费者需求偏好升级能够有效提升企业进口产品质量,但没有促进企业出口产品质量提升,即中国企业出口产品质量与国内需求偏好升级背离;供需失衡和国内国际标准不对接是导致出口产品质量背离的重要原因;在需求侧,高端需求外移导致国内市场供需脱节,而在供给侧,价值链上游产业和中间产品的供给未能跟上需求偏好升级的步伐则进一步加剧了出口产品质量的背离。因此,把握国内消费者需求偏好升级的契机,构建供需适配的国内大循环体系,推动国内国际标准对接以及价值链上游的供给侧结构性改革,有助于实现贸易高质量发展。

Analysis on the Technical Standardization System of Juvenile Product in Europe and the United States of America and Strategies of Technical Measures of Trade

China is the largest country in the trade of juvenile products in the world. However, the products suffered the loss of technical barriers to trade from Europe and the United States of America increased year by year. This paper analyzes the standard system of juvenile products in Europe and the United States of America with the method of standard comparison, to find its relative technical advantages, explore the reasons for the recall notification of juvenile products exported to the above regions by China, propose strategies for breaking down the technical measures of trade, and promote the development of international juvenile product export trade.

新疆育肥牛标准化生产养殖技术

随着我国经济的快速发展,人们对高档牛肉的需求日益增高。政府加大了对养殖业的扶持力度,育肥牛生产得到很好的发展,养殖户也越发重视育肥牛标准化生产养殖技术的进步与升级。我国养殖业改革有赖于新时期育肥牛标准化生产养殖技术的发展,在当下时期应进一步加深对我国育肥牛生产流程及技术的了解、关注。新疆是畜牧业大省,具有丰富的天然草场和饲草料来源,应当更加重视育肥牛的相关养殖、育肥工作以及各种重大疾病的预防工作。因此,该文主要讨论目前新疆育肥牛标准化生产养殖技术工作的问题,为今后育肥牛养殖工作提供相关指导,以保证育肥牛养殖技术工作能够更好的提高和完善。

发达国家地膜应用及回收处理

本研究采用数据资料分析的方法,系统梳理了欧盟和日本地膜产品和相关标准、地膜应用与回收处理的做法和成效。结果显示:欧盟和日本使用的地膜产品以传统有色地膜为主,厚度多≥0.02 mm,是我国地膜厚度的两倍以上,相关标准要求也高于我国;欧盟和日本地膜多用于蔬菜等园艺作物上,收集处理系统完善,地膜回收率多在80%以上,基本不存在地膜残留污染问题;欧盟大部分国家和日本有较完善的废弃物管理立法,没有专门针对地膜的法律条文;由于地膜的回收率高、含杂率低,回收回来的地膜多可得到合理再利用;地膜全产业链有很好的设计与应用,值得我国学习。

数字电影LED放映系统国产化研制及发展建议

数字电影LED放映技术是一种新型电影放映模式,是继电影数字化之后的新一轮电影放映技术革新,将对电影摄制、发行、放映产生变革性影响,其将成为下一代数字电影放映的主流显示技术。本文在阐述数字电影LED放映系统技术特点和发展应用状况的基础上,聚焦LED母版制作、LED透声屏、LED显示屏光学性能及LED放映技术标准等数字电影LED放映系统关键技术国产化研发,并提出发展建议,进而为数字电影LED放映系统国产化研制提供借鉴,促进国产LED电影放映系统优化升级和市场应用。

生产标准化与农业规模生产的范围选择

农业规模化经营是我国实现农业现代化的重要途径,而规模化生产过程中雇佣劳动力的监督问题,使得规模化经营者在选择雇佣经营或外包经营时常常陷入两难境地。在监督困境不可避免且当下规模化经营势在必行之时,经营者可以将雇佣劳动力的监督成本视为其经营成本的一部分,通过对比成本创新与质量创新的成本收益,进行农业规模生产的范围选择。在成本-质量创新的双目标任务下,生产单位受农作物标准化生产程度的影响,标准化程度较高时,经营者有成本创新的偏好,其生产呈现出规模效应;反之,经营者更愿意追求质量创新,将生产范围缩小到农户家庭等较小的生产单位中去。

我国畜牧业发展现状、存在问题及对策

畜牧业是我国农业农村经济的重要组成部分,对保障国家粮食安全和提高居民生活水平具有重要意义。近年来,我国畜牧业发展的内外部环境正在发生深刻的变化。本文分析了我国肉牛、生猪、肉鸡、肉羊产业的发展现状,发现我国畜牧业目前存在养殖场动物疫病风险加大,畜禽行业养殖环境约束趋紧,畜禽良种繁育能力不足,科技创新及人才支撑不足的问题。针对这些问题提出了构建完善的公共服务监管体系,科学提高疫情防控能力;推进规模化养殖和标准化生产;强化科技支撑,加快推进科技育种工作;提升技术研发能力,健全产业发展支撑体系等发展对策,以期为我国畜牧业健康发展提供理论参考。

我国肉羊养殖生产全程机械化现状及发展建议

通过国家肉羊产业技术体系、地方畜牧主管部门等组织,对全国13个省市、自治区的113家规模化羊场全程机械化养殖情况进行调研,结果存(出)栏羊规模1万只以上的有20家,占比17.70%,其中3万只以上大型养羊企业8家,仅占7.08%;中小规模羊场(5 000只以下)75家,占比66.37%。按照羊场养殖规模分别对饲草料加工、饲喂、饮水、清粪、消毒、装卸羊等各生产环节机械化水平进行统计分析,自动化饮水占比最高为63.9%,其次为机械化清粪(62.9%)、消毒机械化(42.4%)和TMR饲喂(41.3%),舍内有害气体检测占比最低,仅为8.3%。养殖各生产环节机械化水平随着养殖规模的扩大而提高。影响养殖各生产环节机械化水平的因素主要是肉羊生产本身效率和效益较低,标准化、产业化生产水平低等,表现在不同地域、不同养殖环节机械化水平差异大,肉羊机械装备基础研究薄弱、科技创新能力差,产品标准化程度低,售后维修配套服务差等,建议加强宣传和示范推广工作,加强行业监管,逐步建立与养殖机械化发展水平相适应的监督服务体系,加大基础研究,增强科技创新能力,研究制定相关行业标准,推动行业标准化生产。

油气生产物联网技术标准研究与应用

科技创新是引领发展的第一动力,物联网系统建设是能源企业实现数字化转型、智能化发展的重要依托。本文阐述了新时期油气生产物联网技术标准研究工作的急迫性,通过对标准的研究与实践,论述了油气生产物联网系统技术标准的研究方法和应用成效。

《药品标准管理办法》解读与思考

2023年7月,国家药品监督管理局发布《药品标准管理办法》(以下简称《办法》)。本文就《办法》的主要内容进行解读,分析其存在的不足为:《办法》现有条文中对药品标准代号和药品标准信息化建设目标未明确。建议国家药品监督管理部门及时向标准化主管部门申请药品标准代号“YB”字母的确权,并将药品标准代号、编号规则在下一轮《办法》修正时写入条文,同时明确药品标准信息化体系建设目标;按用户界面层、计算处理层、数据存储层的基本框架搭建国家药品标准数据共享平台,免费向社会公开数字化药品标准,提供查阅和下载服务。

扫描探针显微术SPM标准化现状研究

本文结合扫描探针显微术(Scanning Probe Microscopy,SPM)的专业性与多样性和标准化工作的要求,初步构建了符合领域发展的三维架构的SPM标准体系。接着,研究了SPM通用基础、关键部件/产品与应用检测方面的相关国家标准技术内容,说明当前SPM标准化与标准体系的建设情况。最后,在当前技术与产业状态下,提出以实现量值统一、接口兼容、质量可评价、结果可比较为目标,宜重点开展SPM性能指标检验标准、SPM成像质量的调整与评价方法标准、共性的SPM应用标准或指南标准等三方面的工作,完善我国SPM标准体系。