To observe plasm a β-endorphin (β-EP) and gonadotrophin releasing horm one (GnRH), hum an chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG), progesterone (P4) levelsin w om en w ith early threatened abortion and w ith a history of re...To observe plasm a β-endorphin (β-EP) and gonadotrophin releasing horm one (GnRH), hum an chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG), progesterone (P4) levelsin w om en w ith early threatened abortion and w ith a history of recurrent spontaneous abortions (RSA). Tw enty patientsw ith threatened abortion at7~8 w eeksof gestation w ere re- cruited, allof them had a history of 3 or m ore recurrentunexplained abortions. They w ere treated w ith psychologicalconsultation accompanied by traditionalChinese herbs. Blood samples w ere taken to m easure β-EP, GnRH, hCG and P4 levels by radioim - m unoassay (RIA). The treatm ents w ere continued till10~12 w eeks, blood w astaken during this period to compare changes in these peptides / horm ones. Tw enty norm al pregnantw om en at7~8 and 10~12 w eeksand 20 patientsw ith incompleteabortion at 10~12 w eeksw ererecruited for comparativestudies. Results: (1) In norm alpregnant w om en, plasm a β-EP, GnRH, hCGand P4 levelsat10~12 w eeksw ere significantly higher than thatat7~8 w eeks (P< 0.01). (2) In patients w ith threatened abortion and a history of RSA, plasm a β-EP levels at7~8 w eeks w ere significantly higher than those of norm al pregnantw om en (P< 0.01); on the contrary, plasm a GnRH, hCGand P4 levelsin these patientsw ere significantly low er than thosein norm alcases (P< 0.01). After treatm ent, 16 of the 20 patients succeeded in m aintaining their pregnancies, the levels of the four plasm a contents at10~12 w eeks w ere sim ilar to thosein norm alpregnantw om en (P> 0.05). (3) Plasm a β-EPlevelsin patientsw ith incomplete abortionsat10~12 w eeksw ere dram atically higher and GnRH, hCGand P4 levelsw ere low er than in norm alpregnantw om en (P< 0.01). β-EP m ightplay a role in the pathophysiology of spontaneousabortion.展开更多
<span style="font-family:Verdana;"><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Objective</span></b></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span s...<span style="font-family:Verdana;"><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Objective</span></b></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">:</span></b></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Circulating levels of sex hormones vary with age. Moreover, there is emerging evidence supporting that sex hormones have an influence on the immune response of women. Here, we investigated age-associated levels of sex hormones and <i></i></span><i><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Mycobacterium</span></i><span> <i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">tuberculosis</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span></span></i></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> (<i></i></span><i><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Mtb</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span></i>) </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">specific cytokines response in women. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Design</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">:</span></b></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Using immunoassay methods, we have measured and compared secretion levels of E2, P4 and <i></i></span><i><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Mtb</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span></i> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">specific secretion of 11 cytokines including Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), Interferon gamma (IFN-<i></i></span><i><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">γ</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span></i></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">), Interleukin 1 beta (IL-1<i></i></span><i><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">β</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span></i></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">), IL-10, IL-12 (p70), IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, and Tumor necrosis factor (TNF-<i></i></span><i><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">α</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) in forty-two (42) HIV-negative females. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">:</span></b></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) levels were significantly higher in younger women irrespective of their LTB status (p < [0.0001 - 0.05]). <i></i></span><i><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Mtb</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span></i></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> IL-8 specific response was significantly higher in women above 40 years old than in women under 40 years old</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">.</span> <b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion</span></b></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">:</span></b></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> In premenopausal women, there is an increase in the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-8 secretion in response to <i></i></span><i><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Mtb</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span></i></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-antigen. This observation suggests an underlying link between the pro-inflammatory cytokine and age associated hormonal changes, which may have implications on the course of tuberculosis infection women.</span></span></span>展开更多
文摘To observe plasm a β-endorphin (β-EP) and gonadotrophin releasing horm one (GnRH), hum an chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG), progesterone (P4) levelsin w om en w ith early threatened abortion and w ith a history of recurrent spontaneous abortions (RSA). Tw enty patientsw ith threatened abortion at7~8 w eeksof gestation w ere re- cruited, allof them had a history of 3 or m ore recurrentunexplained abortions. They w ere treated w ith psychologicalconsultation accompanied by traditionalChinese herbs. Blood samples w ere taken to m easure β-EP, GnRH, hCG and P4 levels by radioim - m unoassay (RIA). The treatm ents w ere continued till10~12 w eeks, blood w astaken during this period to compare changes in these peptides / horm ones. Tw enty norm al pregnantw om en at7~8 and 10~12 w eeksand 20 patientsw ith incompleteabortion at 10~12 w eeksw ererecruited for comparativestudies. Results: (1) In norm alpregnant w om en, plasm a β-EP, GnRH, hCGand P4 levelsat10~12 w eeksw ere significantly higher than thatat7~8 w eeks (P< 0.01). (2) In patients w ith threatened abortion and a history of RSA, plasm a β-EP levels at7~8 w eeks w ere significantly higher than those of norm al pregnantw om en (P< 0.01); on the contrary, plasm a GnRH, hCGand P4 levelsin these patientsw ere significantly low er than thosein norm alcases (P< 0.01). After treatm ent, 16 of the 20 patients succeeded in m aintaining their pregnancies, the levels of the four plasm a contents at10~12 w eeks w ere sim ilar to thosein norm alpregnantw om en (P> 0.05). (3) Plasm a β-EPlevelsin patientsw ith incomplete abortionsat10~12 w eeksw ere dram atically higher and GnRH, hCGand P4 levelsw ere low er than in norm alpregnantw om en (P< 0.01). β-EP m ightplay a role in the pathophysiology of spontaneousabortion.
文摘<span style="font-family:Verdana;"><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Objective</span></b></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">:</span></b></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Circulating levels of sex hormones vary with age. Moreover, there is emerging evidence supporting that sex hormones have an influence on the immune response of women. Here, we investigated age-associated levels of sex hormones and <i></i></span><i><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Mycobacterium</span></i><span> <i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">tuberculosis</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span></span></i></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> (<i></i></span><i><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Mtb</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span></i>) </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">specific cytokines response in women. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Design</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">:</span></b></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Using immunoassay methods, we have measured and compared secretion levels of E2, P4 and <i></i></span><i><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Mtb</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span></i> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">specific secretion of 11 cytokines including Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), Interferon gamma (IFN-<i></i></span><i><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">γ</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span></i></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">), Interleukin 1 beta (IL-1<i></i></span><i><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">β</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span></i></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">), IL-10, IL-12 (p70), IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, and Tumor necrosis factor (TNF-<i></i></span><i><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">α</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) in forty-two (42) HIV-negative females. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">:</span></b></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) levels were significantly higher in younger women irrespective of their LTB status (p < [0.0001 - 0.05]). <i></i></span><i><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Mtb</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span></i></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> IL-8 specific response was significantly higher in women above 40 years old than in women under 40 years old</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">.</span> <b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion</span></b></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">:</span></b></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> In premenopausal women, there is an increase in the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-8 secretion in response to <i></i></span><i><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Mtb</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span></i></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-antigen. This observation suggests an underlying link between the pro-inflammatory cytokine and age associated hormonal changes, which may have implications on the course of tuberculosis infection women.</span></span></span>