Discussion on the application prospect of the transient electromagnetic method based on the dual launcher and mine advanced detection

The dual transmitter implements the equivalent anti-magnetic flux transient electromagnetic method, which can effectively reduce the scope of the transient electromagnetic detection blind area. However, this method is rarely reported in the detection of pipelines in urban geophysical exploration and the application of coal mines. Based on this, this paper realizes the equivalent anti-magnetic flux transient electromagnetic method based on the dual launcher. The suppression effect of this method on the blind area is analyzed by physical simulation. And the detection experiment of underground pipelines is carried out outdoors. The results show that the dual launcher can significantly reduce the turn-off time, thereby effectively reducing the impact of the blind area on the detection results, and the pipeline detection results verify the device’s effectiveness. Finally, based on the ground experimental results, the application prospect of mine advanced detection is discussed. Compared with other detection fields, the formation of blind areas is mainly caused by the equipment. If the dual launcher can be used to reduce the blind area, the accuracy of advanced detection can be improved more effectively. The above research results are of great significance for improving the detection accuracy of the underground transient electromagnetic method.

Plant-based dietary patterns and risk of esophageal cancer:A prospective cohort study spanning 17 years

Objective: Plant-based diets have multiple health benefits for cancers;however, little is known about the association between plant-based dietary patterns and esophageal cancer(EC).This study presents an investigation of the prospective associations among three predefined indices of plant-based dietary patterns and the risk of EC.Methods: We performed endoscopic screening for 15,709 participants aged 40-69 years from two high-risk areas of China from January 2005 to December 2009 and followed the cohort until December 31, 2022. The overall plant-based diet index(PDI), healthful plant-based diet index(h PDI), and unhealthful plant-based diet index(u PDI), were calculated using survey responses to assess dietary patterns. We applied Cox proportional hazard regression to estimate the multivariable hazard ratios(HRs) and 95% confidence intervals(95% CIs) of EC across 3plant-based diet indices and further stratified the analysis by subgroups.Results: The final study sample included 15,184 participants in the cohort. During a follow-up of 219,365person-years, 176 patients with EC were identified. When the highest quartile was compared with the lowest quartile, the pooled multivariable-adjusted HR of EC was 0.50(95% CI, 0.32-0.77) for h PDI. In addition, the HR per 10-point increase in the h PDI score was 0.42(95% CI, 0.27-0.66) for ECs. Conversely, u PDI was positively associated with the risk of EC, and the HR was 1.80(95% CI, 1.16-2.82). The HR per 10-point increase in the u PDI score was 1.90(95% CI, 1.26-2.88) for ECs. The associations between these scores and the risk of EC were consistent in most subgroups. These results remained robust in sensitivity analyses.Conclusions: A healthy plant-based dietary pattern was associated with a reduced risk of EC. Emphasizing the healthiness and quality of plant-based diets may be important for preventing the development of EC.

Prospect Theory Based Individual Irrationality Modelling and Behavior Inducement in Pandemic Control

Understanding and modeling individuals’behaviors during epidemics is crucial for effective epidemic control.However,existing research ignores the impact of users’irrationality on decision-making in the epidemic.Meanwhile,existing disease control methods often assume users’full compliance with measures like mandatory isolation,which does not align with the actual situation.To address these issues,this paper proposes a prospect theorybased framework to model users’decision-making process in epidemics and analyzes how irrationality affects individuals’behaviors and epidemic dynamics.According to the analysis results,irrationality tends to prompt conservative behaviors when the infection risk is low but encourages risk-seeking behaviors when the risk is high.Then,this paper proposes a behavior inducement algorithm to guide individuals’behaviors and control the spread of disease.Simulations and real user tests validate our analysis,and simulation results show that the proposed behavior inducement algorithm can effectively guide individuals’behavior.

Effects of strengthening prospective nursing practice on sleep quality,anxiety,and depression of awake patients in intensive care unit

BACKGROUND The intensive care unit(ICU)is a specialized hospital department.Awake patients in the ICU frequently encounter adverse psychological states,such as anxiety and fear,often accompanied by poor sleep quality.This situation has garnered significant attention within the medical community.AIM To investigate the impact of prospective nursing intervention strategies on the sleep quality and negative emotional state of conscious ICU patients.METHODS One hundred and twenty ICU awake patients admitted to our hospital were selected and randomly divided into control(n=60)and observation(n=60)groups.Patients in the control group were cared for using the conventional nursing model,while patients in the observation group were cared for using the prospective nursing model.Sleep improvement was assessed using the International Standardized Sleep Efficiency Formula and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI).The PSQI,Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item(GAD-7)scale,Self-Depression Scale(SDS),and satisfaction before and after treatment were used to assess the negative emotional states of patients under the two care models.RESULTS Patient satisfaction in the observation group was significantly higher than in the control group.The GAD-7 and SDS scores in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group,and the total effective rate of sleep improvement in the observation group was significantly higher than in the control group.After treatment,the PSQI scores of the two groups significantly decreased(P<0.05).The decrease in the observation group was more significan than that in the control group,and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant.CONCLUSION Prospective nursing interventions can improve sleep quality and psychological levels and significantly affect conscious patients in the ICU,which is worthy of clinical application.

Prospects in the application of ultrasensitive chromosomal aneuploidy detection in precancerous lesions of gastric cancer

Gastric cancer(GC)is a prevalent malignant tumor within the digestive system,with over 40%of new cases and deaths related to GC globally occurring in China.Despite advancements in treatment modalities,such as surgery supplemented by adjuvant radiotherapy or chemotherapeutic agents,the prognosis for GC remains poor.New targeted therapies and immunotherapies are currently under invest-igation,but no significant breakthroughs have been achieved.Studies have indicated that GC is a heterogeneous disease,encompassing multiple subtypes with distinct biological characteristics and roles.Consequently,personalized treatment based on clinical features,pathologic typing,and molecular typing is crucial for the diagnosis and management of precancerous lesions of gastric cancer(PLGC).Current research has categorized GC into four subtypes:Epstein-Barr virus-positive,microsatellite instability,genome stability,and chromosome instability(CIN).Technologies such as multi-omics analysis and gene sequencing are being employed to identify more suitable novel testing methods in these areas.Among these,ultrasensitive chromosomal aneuploidy detection(UCAD)can detect CIN at a genome-wide level in subjects using low-depth whole genome sequencing technology,in conjunction with bioinformatics analysis,to achieve qualitative and quantitative detection of chromosomal stability.This editorial reviews recent research advancements in UCAD technology for the diagnosis and management of PLGC.

In silico prospective analysis of the medicinal plants activity on the CagA oncoprotein from Helicobacter pylori

BACKGROUND Colonization with Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)has a strong correlation with gastric cancer,and the virulence factor CagA is implicated in carcinogenesis.Studies have been conducted using medicinal plants with the aim of eliminating the pathogen;however,the possibility of blocking H.pylori-induced cell differentiation to prevent the onset and/or progression of tumors has not been addressed.This type of study is expensive and time-consuming,requiring in vitro and/or in vivo tests,which can be solved using bioinformatics.Therefore,prospective computational analyses were conducted to assess the feasibility of interaction between phenolic compounds from medicinal plants and the CagA oncoprotein.AIM To perform a computational prospecting of the interactions between phenolic compounds from medicinal plants and the CagA oncoprotein of H.pylori.METHODS In this in silico study,the structures of the phenolic compounds(ligands)kaempferol,myricetin,quercetin,ponciretin(flavonoids),and chlorogenic acid(phenolic acid)were selected from the PubChem database.These phenolic compounds were chosen based on previous studies that suggested medicinal plants as non-drug treatments to eliminate H.pylori infection.The three-dimensional structure model of the CagA oncoprotein of H.pylori(receptor)was obtained through molecular modeling using computational tools from the I-Tasser platform,employing the threading methodology.The primary sequence of CagA was sourced from GenBank(BAK52797.1).A screening was conducted to identify binding sites in the structure of the CagA oncoprotein that could potentially interact with the ligands,utilizing the GRaSP online platform.Both the ligands and receptor were prepared for molecular docking using AutoDock Tools 4(ADT)software,and the simulations were carried out using a combination of ADT and AutoDock Vina v.1.2.0 software.Two sets of simulations were performed:One involving the central region of CagA with phenolic compounds,and another involving the carboxy-terminus region of CagA with phenolic compounds.The receptor-ligand complexes were then analyzed using PyMol and BIOVIA Discovery Studio software.RESULTS The structure model obtained for the CagA oncoprotein exhibited high quality(C-score=0.09)and was validated using parameters from the MolProbity platform.The GRaSP online platform identified 24 residues(phenylalanine and leucine)as potential binding sites on the CagA oncoprotein.Molecular docking simulations were conducted with the three-dimensional model of the CagA oncoprotein.No complexes were observed in the simulations between the carboxy-terminus region of CagA and the phenolic compounds;however,all phenolic compounds interacted with the central region of the oncoprotein.Phenolic compounds and CagA exhibited significant affinity energy(-7.9 to-9.1 kcal/mol):CagA/kaempferol formed 28 chemical bonds,CagA/myricetin formed 18 chemical bonds,CagA/quercetin formed 16 chemical bonds,CagA/ponciretin formed 13 chemical bonds,and CagA/chlorogenic acid formed 17 chemical bonds.Although none of the phenolic compounds directly bound to the amino acid residues of the K-Xn-R-X-R membrane binding motif,all of them bound to residues,mostly positively or negatively charged,located near this region.CONCLUSION In silico,the tested phenolic compounds formed stable complexes with CagA.Therefore,they could be tested in vitro and/or in vivo to validate the findings,and to assess interference in CagA/cellular target interactions and in the oncogenic differentiation of gastric cells.

Gold Mineralisation in the Intiédougou Prospect (Diébougou District) in Southwest Burkina Faso, West African Craton

The Intiédougou located in the Houndé Birimian greenstone belt has been the subject of several mining and geoscience studies that have led to the discovery of mineralized gold targets. One of these mineralized targets has prompted work that raises the issue of control factors for the gold mineralization of the prospect. The methodology used in this study combines a study of core drill hole data located in the area and laboratory studies. The Intiédougou sector is based on andesito-basaltic, andesitic interstratified volcanoclastite rocks and Tarkwaïen type detrital sedimentary rocks caught in a vice in the volcano-sedimentary unit. Lithostructural analysis of the sector shows that the subvolcanic rocks bearing gold mineralization are subjected to heterogeneous ductile to brittle deformations and affected by hydrothermalism evolving at stages marked by large fissure fillings. These hydrothermal phases evolve in the zones of expansion created by the brittle deformations that have contributed to the deposits of different types of gold-enriched sulphides. These different phases of hydrothermal destabilization generally of low degree accompany the tardi to post-eburnean brittle tectonics. This deformation system is favorable to the establishment of gold mineralization in the form of vein bodies. The overimposition of deformed and altered areas suggests a genetic relationship between deformation and hydrothermal activity. In conclusion, the mineralization of Intiédougou in vein styles, set up in a volcanic arc environment with a paragenesis of gold-pyrite deposit ± chalcopyrite would be controlled by the structural aspect and accompanied by hydrothermal alteration.

Leucocyte telomere length,brain volume and risk of dementia:a prospective cohort study

Background The evidence regarding the association between leucocyte telomere length(LTL)and brain health is sparse and inconclusive.Aims To investigate the associations of LTL with brain structure and the risk of dementia based on a large-scale prospective study.Methods LTL in the peripheral blood was measured by the quantitative polymerase chain reaction(qPCR)assay from 439961 individuals in the UK Biobank recruited between 2006 and 2010 and followed up until 2020.Electronic health records were used to record the incidence of dementia,including Alzheimer’s disease(AD)and vascular dementia(VD).The brain structure,including total and regional brain volume,of 38740 participants was then assessed by magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).Results During a median follow-up of 11.6 years,a total of 5820(1.3%)dementia cases were documented.The restricted cubic spline model showed significant overall associations between LTL and the risk of dementia and AD(p for overall<0.05).The multivariable adjusted hazard ratios(HRs)for the lowest LTL tertile compared with the highest LTL tertile were 1.14(95%confidence interval(CI):1.06 to 1.21)for dementia,1.28(95%CI:1.12 to 1.46)for AD and 1.18(95%CI:0.98 to 1.42)for VD.Furthermore,we found that shorter LTL was associated with smaller total brain volume(β=−0.0128,p=0.003),white matter volume(β=−0.0224,p<0.001),hippocampus volume(β=−0.0172,p<0.001),thalamus volume(β=−0.0239,p<0.001)and accumbens(β=−0.0155,p=0.001).Conclusions Shorter LTL is associated with total and regional brain structure and a higher risk of incident dementia and AD,implying the potential of telomere length as a predictive biomarker of brain health.

Evaluation of metoprolol standard dosing pathway in Chinese patients with acute coronary syndrome:a prospective multicenter single-arm interventional study

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the feasibility and tolerability of metoprolol standard dosing pathway(MSDP)in Chinese patients with acute coronary syndrome(ACS).METHODS In this multicenter,prospective,open label,single-arm and interventional study that was conducted from February 2018 to April 2019 in fifteen Chinese hospitals.A total of 998 hospitalized patients aged≥18 years and diagnosed with ACS were included.The MSDP was applied to all eligible ACS patients based on the standard treatment recommended by international guidelines.The primary endpoint was the percentage of patients achieving the target dose at discharge(V2).The secondary endpoints included the heart rate and blood pressure at V2 and four weeks after discharge(V4),and percentage of patients experiencing bradycardia(heart rate<50 beats/min),hypotension(blood pressure<90/60 mmHg)and transient cardiac dysfunction at V2 and V4.RESULTS Of the 998 patients,29.46%of patients achieved the target dose(≥95 mg/d)at V2.The total population was divided into two groups:target group(patients achieving the target dose at V2)and non-target group(patients not achieving the target dose at V2).There was significant difference in the reduction of heart rate from baseline to discharge in the two groups(-4.97±11.90beats/min vs.-2.70±9.47 beats/min,P=0.034).There was no significant difference in the proportion of bradycardia that occurred in the two groups at V2(0 vs.0,P=1.000)and V4(0.81%vs.0.33%,P=0.715).There was no significant difference in the proportion of hypotension between the two groups at V2(0.004%vs.0.004%,P=1.000)and V4(0 vs.0.005%,P=0.560).No transient cardiac dysfunction occurred in two groups during the study.A total of five adverse events(1.70%)and one serious adverse event(0.34%)were related to the pathway in target group.CONCLUSIONS In Chinese ACS patients,the feasibility and tolerability of the MSDP have been proved to be acceptable.

Microneedles for Enhanced Topical Treatment of Skin Disorders:Applications,Challenges,and Prospects

Microneedles(MNs)can be used for the topical treatment of skin disorders as they directly deliver therapeutics to the site of skin lesions,resulting in increased therapeutic efficacy while having minimum side effects.MNs are used to deliver different kinds of therapeutics(e.g.,small molecules,macromolecules,nanomedicines,living cells,bacteria,and exosomes)for treating various skin disorders,including superficial tumors,wounds,skin infections,inflammatory skin diseases,and abnormal skin appearance.The therapeutic efficacy of MNs can be improved by integrating the advantages of multiple therapeutics to perform combination therapy.Through careful designing,MNs can be further modified with biomimetic structures for the responsive drug release from internal and external stimuli and to enhance the transdermal delivery efficiency for robust therapeutic outcomes.Some studies have proposed the use of drug-free MNs as a promising mechanotherapeutic strategy to promote wound healing,scar removal,and hair regeneration via a mechanical communication pathway.Although MNs have several advantages,the practical application of MNs suffers from problems related to industrial manufacture and clinical evaluation,making it difficult for clinical translation.In this study,we summarized the various applications,emerging challenges,and developmental prospects of MNs in skin disorders to provide information on ways to advance clinical translation.

Associations between aerobic and muscle-strengthening physical activity,sleep duration,and risk of all-cause mortality:A prospective cohort study of 282,473 U.S.adults

Purpose:To examine the joint associations between meeting guidelines for physical activity(PA)and sleep duration and all-cause mortality risk among adults.Methods:Participants were adults(n=282,473)aged 18-84 years who participated in the 2004-2014 U.S.National Health Interview Survey.Mortality status was ascertained using the National Death Index through December 2015.Self-reported PA(Active:meeting both aerobic(AER)and muscle-strengthening(MSA)guidelines,AER only(AER),MSA only(MSA),or not meeting either AER or MSA(Inactive))and sleep duration(Short,recommended(Rec),or Long)were classified according to guidelines,and 12 PA-sleep categories were derived.Adjusted hazard ratios and 95%confidence intervals(95%CIs)for all-cause mortality risk were estimated using Cox proportional hazards regression models.Results:A total of 282,473 participants(55%females)were included;18,793 deaths(6.7%)occurred over an average follow-up of 5.4 years.Relative to the Active-Rec group,all other PA-sleep groups were associated with increased mortality risk except for the Active-Short group(hazard ratio=1.08;95%CI:0.92-1.26).The combination of long sleep with either MSA or Inactive appeared to be synergistic.For a given sleep duration,mortality risk progressively increased among participants classified as AER,MSA,and Inactive.Within each activity level,the mortality risk was greatest among adults with long sleep.Conclusion:Relative to adults meeting guidelines for both PA and sleep duration,adults who failed to meet guidelines for both AER and muscle strengthening PA and who also failed to meet sleep duration guidelines had elevated all-cause mortality risks.These results support interventions targeting both PA and sleep duration to reduce mortality risk.

Prognostic value of hematological parameters in older adult patients with acute coronary syndrome undergoing coronary intervention:a single centre prospective study

BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease is a significant contributor to the disease burden in geriatric patients.Underlying systemic inflammation is thought to be the cause of age-related changes in the bone marrow and a major risk factor for atherosclerosis.The purpose of the study was to assess the accuracy of these hematological biomarkers in predicting 30-day mortality in older patients with acute coronary syndrome(ACS).METHODS This was a prospective observational study of 601 older adult patients(age>60 years)with ACS who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention over two years(2017-2019).The relationship between baseline hematological parameters and mortality was assessed during the 30-day follow-up.Logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis were done to evaluate for diagnostic accuracy of various hematological parameters.RESULTS The mean age of presentation was 77±17 years.The mean neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)value was 5.07±4.90 and the mean platelet-lymphocyte ratio(PLR)value was 108.65±85.82.On univariate analysis,total leucocyte count[odds ratio(OR)=0.85,P=0.021],hematocrit(OR=0.91,P=0.018),NLR(OR=1.10,P=0.001)and PLR(OR=1.05,P=0.001)were associated with mortality.On receiver operating characteristic curve analysis,NLR predicted mortality with 68.1%and PLR with 65.7%accuracy.On multivariate analysis,NLR(OR=1.096,95%CI:1.006-1.15,P=0.035)was an independent predictor of 30-day mortality.CONCLUSIONS For the risk classification of all elderly ACS patients,we highly advise using NLR rather than the total white blood cell count.

Symptoms and comorbidities associated with abnormal levels of serum calcium,magnesium,and phosphate in the emergency department:a prospective observational study

Emergency departments(EDs)play a significant role in hospital healthcare systems.[1]According to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,130 million individuals visited the ED in 2018.[2]A previous study has demonstrated that unnecessary laboratory tests did not change the management plan.[3]These actions led to ED overcrowding,causing consequences to patient outcomes.

Association of cumulative resting heart rate exposure with rapid renal function decline:a prospective cohort study with 27,564 older adults

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the prospective association between cumulative resting heart rate(cumRHR)and rapid renal function decline(RRFD)in a cohort of individuals aged 60 and older.METHODS In the Tianjin Chronic Kidney Disease Cohort Study,the individuals who underwent three consecutive physical examinations between 2014 and 2017,with estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)greater than 60 mL/min per 1.73 m2 and aged 60 years or older were enrolled.A total of 27,564 patients were prospectively followed up from January 1,2017 to December 31,2020.The 3-year cumRHR was calculated.The primary outcome was RRFD,defined as an annualized decline in eGFR of 5 mL/min per 1.73 m2 or greater.Logistic and restricted spline regression models and subgroup analysis were used to investigate the association of cumRHR with RRFD after adjusting for all confounders.RESULTS During a median follow-up of 3.2 years,a total of 4,347(15.77%)subjects developed RRFD.In fully-adjusted models,compared with the lowest quartile of cumRHR,the odds ratio(OR)for the highest was 1.44(1.28–1.61),P<0.001.Furthermore,each 1-standard deviation(27.97 beats/min per year)increment in cumRHR was associated with a 17%(P<0.001)increased risk of RRFD,with a linear positive correlation(P for non-linear=0.803).Participants with a 3-year cumRHR≥207(beats/min)*year(equivalent to≥69 beats/min per year in 3 years)were found to be at a higher risk of RRFD.CONCLUSIONS The cumRHR is significantly associated with a higher risk of RRFD among older adults.These results might provide an effective goal for managing and delaying the decline of renal function in the older adults.

Catheter ablation versus medical therapy for atrial fibrillation with prior stroke history:a prospective propensity score-matched cohort study

BACKGROUND Patients with atrial fibrillation(AF)and prior stroke history have a high risk of cardiovascular events despite anticoagulation therapy.It is unclear whether catheter ablation(CA)has further benefits in these patients.METHODS AF patients with a previous history of stroke or systemic embolism(SE)from the prospective Chinese Atrial Fibrillation Registry study between August 2011 and December 2020 were included in the analysis.Patients were matched in a 1:1 ratio to CA or medical treatment(MT)based on propensity score.The primary outcome was a composite of all-cause death or ischemic stroke(IS)/SE.RESULTS During a total of 4.1±2.3 years of follow-up,the primary outcome occurred in 111 patients in the CA group(3.3 per 100 person-years)and in 229 patients in the MT group(5.7 per 100 person-years).The CA group had a lower risk of the primary outcome compared to the MT group[hazard ratio(HR)=0.59,95%CI:0.47–0.74,P<0.001].There was a significant decreasing risk of all-cause mortality(HR=0.43,95%CI:0.31–0.61,P<0.001),IS/SE(HR=0.73,95%CI:0.54–0.97,P=0.033),cardiovascular mortality(HR=0.32,95%CI:0.19–0.54,P<0.001)and AF recurrence(HR=0.33,95%CI:0.30–0.37,P<0.001)in the CA group compared to that in the MT group.Sensitivity analysis generated consistent results when adjusting for time-dependent usage of anticoagulants.CONCLUSIONS In AF patients with a prior stroke history,CA was associated with a lower combined risk of all-cause death or IS/SE.Further clinical trials are warranted to confirm the benefits of CA in these patients.

CD74:a prospective marker for reactive microglia?

Cluster of differentiation 74(CD74),also called as major histocompatibility complex class Ⅱ(MHCⅡ)invariant chain,is involved in trafficking MHCⅡ cell surface molecules on antigen-presenting cells and has been implicated in many signaling pathways.For example,the interaction between CD74 and macrophage migration inhibitory factor cyto kine(MIF) leads to the activation of a plethora of pathways such as extracellular regulated protein kinases,phosphoinositide 3-kinase.

Reply: Comment on “Geological mapping and mining prospecting in the Aouli inlier (Eastern Meseta, Morocco) based on remote sensing and geographic information systems (GIS)” by Benaissi et al. (China Geology, 5 (2022))

We have been pleased that our paper Geological mapping and mining prospecting in the Aouli inlier(Eastern Meseta,Morocco) based on remote sensing and geographic information systems(GIS) was of interest to our colleagues who commented it in China Geology 5(2022) 1–4.

Genesis, metallogenic model, and prospecting prediction of the Nibao gold deposit in the Guizhou Province, China

Southwestern Guizhou province is one of China’s most important distribution areas of Carlin-type gold deposits. The Nibao deposit is a typical gold deposit in southwestern Guizhou. To elucidate the genesis of the Nibao gold deposit, establish a metallogenic model, and guide prospecting prediction, we systematically collected previously reported geological, geochemical, and dating data and discussed the genesis of the Nibao gold deposit,based on which we proposed the metallogenic model.Earlier works show that the Nibao anticline, F1 fault, and its hanging wall dragged anticline(Erlongqiangbao anticline) were formed before or simultaneously with gold mineralization, while F2, F3, and F4 faults postdate gold mineralization. Regional geophysical data showed extensive low resistivity anomaly areas near the SBT(the product of tectonic slippage and hydrothermal alteration)between the P2/P3 and the strata of the Longtan Formation in the SSE direction of Nibao anticline in the lower plate of F1 and hanging wall dragged anticline(Erlongqiangbao anticline), and the anomaly areas are distributed within the influence range of anticlines. Simultaneously, soil and structural geochemistry show that F1, Nibao anticline,Erlongqiangbao anticline, and their transition areas all show good metallogenic elements(Au, As, and S) assemblage anomalies, with good metallogenic space and prospecting possibilities. There are five main hypotheses about the source of ore-forming fluids and Au in the Nibao gold deposit:(1) related to the Emeishan mantle plume activity;(2) source from the Emeishan basalt;(3) metamorphic fluid mineralization;(4) basin fluid mineralization;(5) related to deep concealed magmatic rocks;of these, the mainstream understanding is the fifth speculation. It is acknowledged that the ore-forming fluids are hydrothermal fluids with medium–low temperature, high pressure, medium–low salinity, low density, low oxygen fugacity, weak acidity, weak reduction, and rich in CO_(2)and CH_(4). The fluid pressure is 2–96.54 MPa, corresponding to depths of 0.23–3.64 km. The dating results show that the metallogenic age is ~141 Ma, the extensional tectonic environment related to the westward subduction of the Pacific Plate. Based on the above explanation, the genetic model related to deep concealed magmatic rocks of the Nibao gold deposit is established, and favorable prospecting areas are outlined;this is of great significance for regional mineral exploration and studying the genesis of gold deposits.

Phosphatidylserine:An overview on functionality,processing techniques,patents,and prospects

Phosphatidylserine(PS)is the part of cell structure in the body and has many beneficial functions especially in brain-related aging diseases.Although daily foods can provide PS to human body,the amount is very limited due to its poverty in most foods.To overcome the issue,numerous studies based on PS have been reported to develop PS-related supplements.In this review,PS was comprehensively and critically reviewed from the view of resources,functions,processing techniques,patents,and prospects.For resources,animal,plant,and microorganism origins were all covered with their differences in composition profiles.For functions,benefits regarding memory,cognitive enhancement,exercise performance,reducing Alzheimer’s disease,and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms were covered as well as the functional differences among animal-,plant-,and microorganism-based PS-related supplements.For processing techniques,traditional extracting methods from animal,plant,and microorganism tissues were comparatively discussed with enzymatic synthesis based on different reaction systems.Finally,patents of PS-related supplements were evaluated as well as their applications.This review could provide scientific and valuable support for PS industry.

Ultra-high Temperature Ceramic Coatings:A Review on Preparation Technology and Development Prospect

Ultra-high temperature ceramic coatings have ultra-high melting points,excellent mechanical properties and high temperature ablation resistance.These unique performance combinations turn it into a promising material for use in extreme environment structures in rockets and hypersonic vehicles,particularly nozzles,leading edges and engine components.In this paper,various preparation methods of ultra-high temperature ceramic coatings were reviewed,including plasma spraying,chemical vapor deposition,pack cementation,slurry sintering,hot pressing and their research progress.Meanwhile,some new preparation methods of high temperature coatings,such as ion beam deposition,ultrasonic spraying,metal organic frame work coating,and magnetron sputtering,were introduced.The development trend of ultra-high temperature coatings was prospected as well.