Social Security Internationalization During China's Reform and Opening Up from 1978 to 2018——Viewed from the Paradigm of a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind

China's reform and opening-up policy,launched in 1978,marks the start of the internationalization process of its social security system.This paper takes the notion of "a community with a shared future" as the perspective to analyze the internationalization of social security in the process of China's reform and opening up.Based on China's developments in globalization,it divides the internationalization process of China's social security from 1978 to 2018 into three stages: the stage of reshaping the domestic social security system with reference to the best international practice; the stage of achieving bilateral or multilateral alignment on the premise of equality and mutual benefit,and the stage of injecting Chinese wisdom in social security into the development of global social security.The trajectory of the development of China's social security internationalization shows the incremental evolution within the country,between nations,and in the world community.This paper studies the internationalization process to show China's grand achievements in the four decades of reform and opening-up and to demonstrate Chinese wisdom and confidence.

Uplifting a Nation China’s 40 years of reform and opening up has brought tangible benefits to its people and the world

Beijing resident Li Zhangzhe, 58, still keeps a pair of sunglasses he bought nearly 40 years ago.

Chinese medical service and medical education in urgent need of reform in the context of public welfare-based medical reform

After six years＇medical reform,about 7.8 billion person-times of medical service has been achieved by2014,and the number of persons covered by basic medical insurance for urban employees,basic medical insurance for urban residents,and new rural cooperative medical insurance exceeded 1.3 billion,of which the coverage ratio reached as high as over 95%,establishing the largest basic medical security network in the world.

Analysis of the Changes in Rural Chinese Family Structure since Reform and Opening Up

This article uses data from censuses since 1982 to reveal changes in the family structure of rural China since the launch of reform and opening up and against the backdrop of institutional relocation,social transformation and an aging population.Since the advent of reform and opening up,rural family structure and its changes can be divided into two phases.Before the 1990 s,the household contract responsibility system was implemented,labor in rural villages was still mainly engaged in farming,and the number of nuclear families remained stable with a steady rise.After the 1990 s,as reform progress deepened,substantial numbers of young and middle-aged laborers in rural villages began to relocate into non-farming sectors and aging in rural villages rose.As those born in the early days of the family planning policy gradually matured,family structure was directly affected and changed in new ways and forms not seen before.Vocational divisions of labor among the parents of young families and married offspring emerged and the significance of cooperation for family economy and daily life between parents and offspring rose in importance.Also,the prevalence of immediate families with three generations climbed while the standard nuclear families declined,the ratio of middle-aged couples with young children that worked outside the home increased,the function of middle-aged and senior parents in the upbringing of infants and children enhanced,and the commonness of incomplete family types such as only grandparents with grandchildren increased.During this phase,the number of seniors living alone surged to the point of becoming a matter worthy of attention.

Forty Years of Reform and Opening Up and the Building of a Moderately Prosperous Society

Over the past forty years of reform and opening up,the Communist Party of China(CPC)has led people of all ethnic groups in the country to carry out the practice of building a moderately prosperous society.Combining Marxism with the contemporary reality of China,the CPC has adapted Marxism to the Chinese context and enriched the theory of building a moderately prosperous society since its initiation.In practice,China already achieved the goal of ensuring the people a moderately prosperous life and is now striving to secure a decisive victory in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects,making tremendous progress in economic and social development.To complete the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects and achieve the intended goal,China should accelerate the advancement of the targeted poverty alleviation strategy,continue to improve the people’s livelihood,and maintain sustained and sound economic and social development.

Environmental Information Governance Reform in the Era of Big Data--From Information Disclosure to Public Service

The development of environmental information governance includes three phases: providing for oneself,information disclosure,and public service. And then China is in the transition and transformation of environmental information disclosure to the environmental information public service. The core of the transformation is public participation,in the whole procedure of environmental information supply decision making,production,and quality supervision and evaluation,etc. The target path of the environmental information governance reform includes five parts: improvement of public satisfaction,optimizing information disclosure,information quality control,integration of information resources,and multiple supply.

The 40-year Anniversary of Reform and Opening-up

In 1978,the third plenary session of the 11th Central Committee started the implementation of opening-up and reform policies,starting a new chapter of China’s economic development.A grand gathering to celebrate the 40th anniversary of China’s reform and opening-up was held by the CPC Central Committee and State Council on December 18,2018.President Xi Jinping addressed the gathering,saying“we shall never forget our original determination and keep in mind our commitment to carry forward reform and opening-up to the end.We shall endeavor to fulfill the people’s demands for beautiful lives and create a new miracle in a new era that amazes the world”.

Practical Significance of Rural Survey of the Communist Party of China after Reform and Opening up

Conducting rural social investigation is the excellent tradition of the Communist Party of China.Since the reform and opening up,the Communist Party of China has undertaken several times of rural investigation,fully grasped the first-hand data of rural development situation of China,and formulated scientific policies and measures.These promote tremendous changes in rural development.Rural investigation of the Communist Party of China covers a wide range of topics,including politics,economy,education,science and technology,health care,sanitation,and population.Undertaking detailed investigation in rural areas is of great significance for development of rural society,scientific administration of the Communist Party of China,and the construction of the socialist society with Chinese characteristics.

Exploring Public Finance Management Reform and Building up Model of General State Accounting （GSA）： The Case of Vietnam

There is no doubt that public finance and accounting have been playing a pivotal role in supporting the government＇s aspirations in the development in any countries. Through the receipt of funds from the state budget, the organizations in the public sector use country＇s resources towards the implementation of objectives as well as social policies set by national government. Therefore, most countries will aim to gradually improve the management of public finance, but control of public finance has faced challenges because of the existing limitations As a result, the public finance management needs to be reformed. In Vietnam, this process has been performed in recent years. To enhance the effectiveness of improvement, public finance has to combine with the transformation of public sector accounting. In fact, there are a lot of researches in public sector accounting together with financial management. However, in the world, from the past to present, very little research has been conducted to examine the change in management to the public finance and relationship to public accounting, especially to the model of general accounting. Because of the significance of above matters, the main purposes of this paper are to identify the role of public finance and the process of reforming it and to build up the new model in Vietnam, called as General State Accounting （GSA） which is applied for Vietnamese government in the near future. By using the mixed method for research, the author will analyze the figures of last budget data, administer the described statistics, and collect information about the budget from Vietnamese experts.

The Evolution of China’s National Innovation System During the 40 Years of Reform and Opening Up

From the perspective of economic system transformations and scientific and technological system reforms, this paper investigates the evolution of China’s national innovation system (NIS) during the 40 years of reform and opening up. It concludes that China’s NIS has evolved from weak to strong, from a follower groping its way onto the track of independent innovation with Chinese characteristics. China’s innovation system has experienced a trajectory from “introduction and imitation of complete sets of technology” to “market for technology and imitative innovation,” to “integrated and secondary innovation” and on to “integrated, secondary, collaborative and original innovation combined.” The path of independent innovation with Chinese characteristics is a natural choice of economic, societal, and technological development in the new era.

Evaluation and Promotion of the Service Capacity of Urban Public Open Spaces Based on Improving Accessibility:A Case Study of Shenyang City,China

The service capacity of urban public open spaces is an important indicator of the justness and soundness of the allocation of public space resources,such as parks and green spaces,in the process of urban development.Improving the service capacity of urban public open spaces is conductive to healthy,sustainable urban development.In this study,taking Shengyang City,China as a case study,a Gaussian-based two-step floating catchment area method(2 SFCA)is used to calculate an accessibility index and identify residential areas with a poor accessibility to urban public open spaces.Then,a particle swarm algorithm(PSA)is used to optimize the locations of new open space developments.Finally,the optimization results are verified using the analytic network process(ANP).The results show that the service capacity of public open spaces in the center of Shenyang City(covering six districts)is relatively low and exhibits an uneven spatial distribution.In the service scope of the existing urban public open spaces,the accessibility for 48.6%of the residential estates is moderately poor or poor.The layout is optimized when the number of optimization points is set to 8.These points are mainly located in old town areas such as the Tiexi,Huanggu,and Dadong districts.The optimization increases the green space area accessible by motor vehicles(60 min),bicycles(60 min),and walking(30 min)by 4.67%,5.38%,and 8.03%of the study area,respectively.Finally,green space planning recommendations are offered from two perspectives:spatial layout and transport system optimization.

HAVING FULL UNDERSTANDING OF THE TIMES, COMPLYING WITH THE TREND, STANDING FAST AND MAKING INNOVATIONS: ON CHINA'S DIPLOMACY IN FOUR DECADES OF REFORM AND OPENING-UP

The year 1978 was destined to be an extraordinary year in contemporary Chinese history,which witnessed the convening of the grd Plenary Session of the iuth National Congress of the Communist Party of China,the adoption of reform and opening up policy and setting of new journey of China's diplomacy.

Chinese Experience in Industrial Development During the Forty Years of reform and opening-up

Over the past forty years of reform and opening-up,China's industry has sustained rapid and sound development and generated impressive achievements.Industrialization has entered the second half of its final stage.This experience of successful industrialization with Chinese characteristics constitutes an important component Chinese wisdom and Chinese approaches,and serves as a reference for other developing countries and countries in transition.The Chinese experience in industrial development during this period includes: progressively promoting industrial and economic system reform adapted to local circumstances; seizing the right moment to firmly integrate into the global system of labor division; pursuing the new path of industrialization featuring coordinated development of the "Five Pillars" in keeping up with the times; and developing an industrialization model with Chinese characteristics with concerted efforts of effective market and enabling government.

Operations management and reform combining with the principles of public service of the university sports venue

Due to the low utilization rate of opening-use, backward management and unreasonable configurations, university sports venue cannot produce some economic benefits, which makes the operating expenses in college stadiums extremely tense. Even sometimes it comes to the precarious situation. Therefore, there should be an operations management reform for college sports venue. Firstly, the article analyzes the current situation of stadium operations management. Secondly, with the actual experience of the authors, this essay discussed on how to strengthen the operation and management of modem college sports venues and reform, which includes the way enhancing the training about modem operational management knowledge of college stadiums, strengthening the diversified operation of college stadiums, highlighting the ＂people-oriented＂ in college sports venue design concepts and vigorously developing the training services about stylistic aspects of youth and, etc.,

How to Promote Financial Management Level of Public Hospital under the New Medical Reform

Following the continuous development of our country's economy,the new medical reform of our country is also gradually speeding up.And potential problems existing in public hospital's financial department are being gradually magnified that has brought new challenge to financial management.The financial staff are studying the problems and trying to solve the problems through their working experiences from long-term practices and on a certain basis.Therefore,in this article,we try to find out the existing problems and to explore efficient solutions to the problems under the background of new medical reform and in the light of the importance of financial management to public hospital's development.The main purpose of this study is to try to solve the existing problems in financial management of public hospital so as to promote perfecting the systems of public medical institutions to get a better development.

Public Communication in the Processes of Transparency and Accountability in the Era of Open Data

In recent years, transparency and accountability seem to find new impulse, with the development of ICT （information and communication technology） and the prospective of open data that invest the public system at a national and supranational level. Public institutions tend to make available to the public, more data and information concerning the administration, the manner of use of public goods and resources. At the same time, each institution is called upon to deal with the demand of transparency and participation by citizens who increasingly use Internet 2.0 and social media. After a reflection on how public administrations acted in the phase of Web 1.0 to practice transparency and accountability in terms of communication, this paper considers the elements of continuity and the new opportunities linked to the advent of Web 2.0 and open data. At the end of this analysis, the focus is on the strengths and weaknesses of this process, with a particular attention to the role of the public communication.

Research on the path of building a good Party conduct since the reform and opening up

The construction of the good Party conduct is a great project for the Chinese Communist Party to realize its great dream and realistic pursuit. Since the reform and opening up, the four generations of the leading collectives have emphasized the focus of the construction of the Party conduct from the unique perspectives, promoted the standardization of the ＂institutional construction＂, promoted the construction of the ＂two major issues＂ to be scientific, and promoted the construction of＂anti-corruption and building a clean government＂ in detail. Since entering the new era ofXi Jinping, the new central leadership collective, on the basis of inheriting both the existing ideas and the existing achievements, puts forward the new problems of ＂four winds＂, explores the new paths, depicts the new blueprint including the ideal beliefs, the leadership power and the long effect mechanisms, and transforms them into the practical actions, to promote the construction of the new development of the Socialist Party conduct with Chinese characteristics.

Since Reform and Opening the Change Course of People＇s Congress System

Since the reform and opening up, people＇ s congress system has gone through four stages of development, is to restore respectively, the initial development, further strengthen and improve, deepen the development stage. From four stages of development, we can draw the four laws since the reform and opening up people＇ s congress system changes that adhere to the party＇ s leadership, adapt to changes in the economic system, in theory and in practice, innovation in the legal, institutional design and constantly improve the standard. Four stages and the four laws draw people＇ s congress system experiences, the study of people＇ s congress system in future developments of great significance.

Should Campus Libraries Open to the Public?

Arecent regulation encoctraging China＇s libraries in universities and research institutes to open to the public stirred up heated debate among the public. The regulation is part of China＇s newly adopted law on public libraries, which took effect on January 1. 2018.