Supply-Side Structural Reforms and China's Potential Economic Growth Rate

This paper examines the effect of supply-side structural reforms on China＇s potential economic growth rate in the coming decade according to the data the authors have gathered. Under the rapid growth scenario with the implementation of supply-side structural reforms, China＇s potential economic growth rate will reach an average of 6.5% and 5.8% respectively in the 13th Five-year Plan （2016-2020） and 14th Five-year Plan （2021-2025） periods. These rates are 0.2 and 0.3 percentage points higher, respectively, than that under the baseline scenario with the inertia of historic trends. In implementing supply-side structural reforms, China must transform governmental functions, break monopolies, create a comprehensive competitive market environment, foster the creation of pro-innovation mechanisms, refocus on quality and efficiency, and raise capital utilization and labor productivity.

China's Infrastructure Development and Supply-Side Structural Reforms

Despite significant improvements in transport, energy and information communication technology （ICT） infrastructures, inadequacies still exist in China＇s infrastructure development in light of emerging demand and industrial transition and upgrade. China lags far behind advanced economies such as the United States, Germany and Japan in terms of the quality of transport infrastructures except railroad,＂ electricity infrastructure is insufficient and service efficiency needs improvement; ICT infrastructure requires all-round upgrade and gaps in Internet bandwidth are striking. This paper suggests that, based on the needs of supply-side structural reform, China must reform its investment and financing systems to enhance the efficiency of infrastructure investment. Efforts must be made to enhance air transport and port infrastructure to support industrial upgrade; to develop the energy Internet to address emerging demands; and to forge a new generation of ICT infrastructure with industrial Internet as the priority to prepare China for the new round of industrial competition.

Present problems of water management and agrarian reforms in uzbekistan

The agriculture of Uzbekistan always played the important role in economy and in social life of the country. In spite of the fact that new branches of production have been created in the last years, and much higher rates the industry and service sphere were developed, the agriculture remains the one of leading directions and takes the important place in gross national product production. Its role is connected also with that it is the supplier of raw materials for quickly developing and demanded branches of light and food industry, and by that the considerable part of Uzbek population lives in rural areas and this or another ways connected with agrarian production. However, for the further development of this branch there are a number of barriers. From them the limitation of water resources and reclamation condition of the lands as well as the food security achieving are the main.

The Supply-Side Structural Reforms——Adapting to and Leading China's New Normal

The Central Economic Working Conference proposed supplyside structural reforms which can be regarded as major innovations and necessary measures that adapt to and lead the new normal of economic development. The 13^(th) Five Year Plan is a critical period for the transformation of economic development patterns and economic restructuring, so clarifying the theoretical values and practical significances of the supply-side structural reforms, making a clear explanation of the scientific connotations and policy implications of these reforms from a scientific standpoint, and discussing concrete measures to promote the reforms against the background of the economic new normal not only has academic values but also has important practical implications. Viewed from the practical standpoint of China' s new normal and through analyzing the basic national conditions, this article proposes a roadmap for implementing the proposed reforms and points out that only by doing well in the hybrid operation of "addition, subtraction, multiplication and division", based on the framework of the "five policy pillars", an innovative path of the supply-side structural reforms with Chinese characteristics can be paved.

Research on the Current Condition of College Tourism Personnel Training Mode and Vocational Education Reforms

In this paper, we conduct research on the current condition of college tourism personnel training mode and vocational education reforms. Paying attention to the current social development innovation spirit, how to make students possess the necessary ability to innovate, is this the prime problem of the education. A lot of highly educated personnel in order to better adapt to social development and changes, constantly to learn knowledge, also has the characteristics of vocational college students. Our research combines the characteristics of the college tourism personnel training mode with the education reform which will enhance the performance of the teaching process.

Reforms in Progressive Era

Progressive Era plays a vital part in building American political value and serves a critical role in American history.As a response to the vast changes brought by industrialization and other driving forces,multiple reforms were put into action for self-serving and bringing equality and benefits for the masses.By addressing ideas,impulses,and issues stemming from industrialization of American society,it established much of the tone of American politics.

Telecommunications reforms in Pakistan-lessons and suggestions for China

The worldwide strategy for the development of telecommunications has been the opening of the telecom sector to competition and private investment.This paper focuses on telecommunications reforms and its outcomes in Pakistan and discusses some lessons and suggestions for China who is still in the process of formulating telecom law.After liberalization and deregulation,telecom industry in Pakistan is tremendously growing and is in a transition phase from the monopoly to the competition.Government policies and independent regulator is playing critical role in this growth.This paper suggests that speed up formulation of Telecom Law,establishment of independent regulatory and antitrust agencies are need of time for the China telecom industry.Further,China will have to give special attention to accommodate convergence in its coming model of telecommunications reforms.

China:Political, Social, and Economic Reforms from 1700s to the Present

Chinese social and economic history is both influenced by and,to a certain extent,married with Chinese political regimes.Various political dynasties from the past have each exercised significant control of Chinese social and economic environments,and continue to exert influence even to the present day.Three of these influential periods include the Kang Qian Flourishing Age(1723-1796),the Qing Dynasty Decline(1800s-1912),and the People’s Republic of China Communist Control(1949-present).A review and in-depth examination of each regime helps to both understand where China is today and also how it is likely to evolve in the future.

Reforms in the Education System Follow up the Change in the Role of the School Principal, and Its Impact on the Implementation of the Change of Education

In the recent decades, the academic literature engages more and more with reforms in the education system. These reforms that are worldwide seek to create change in education （Adler, 2010）. If it＇s regarding the position of the school principal as designer leader has significant role in the reforms management, but, moreover the role of this article is to the change of the role of the school principal over the years. The functions of the school principal integrate managerial aspects and leadership aspects and its importance is immenseness of the operation of the school organization, both in the terms of the organization customers, the pupils, and in the terms of the organization＇s staff--teachers. Not less important is the operation and implementation of educational reforms. We have to see the role of the school principal as the most significant to the implementing of the reform in the education system.

Deepening Reforms of State Art Troupes

In March 2019, the Trial Measures for Social Benefit Evaluation and Assessment of State-owned Art Troupes was issued, which is of great significance.

Supply-Side Structural Reforms of China's Industries

Supply-side structural reforms are structural adjustments and institutional reforms to address the mismatch between supply and demand and improve TFP. The mismatch is exhibited at the supply side and arises from structural contradictions and must be addressed through reforms. Supply-side structural reforms can be analyzed at the levels of firms, industries and government to arrive at theoretical and systematic conclusions that offer practical guidance. Based on this perspective, this paper proposes policy recommendations on how to deal with zombie firms, reduce cost for manufacturing companies, deepen SOE reforms, eliminate overcapacity, implement ＂Made in China 2025＂ and Internet＋ strategies, promote Beijing-l^anjin-Hebei integrated development, as well as develop the Yangtze River Economic Belt and the old industrial bases of the northeast.

China National Textiles I/E Corp Reforms Operational Mechanism

The China National Textiles I/E Corp (Chinatex), one of the foreign trade companies in the country with the biggest import and export value, exported more textiles and expanded its business at home and abroad in 1994, in spite of the shortage of raw materials and the rise in prices. Chinatex’s import and export value totalled US$2.718 billion last year, a rise of 43.9% over the previous year. The quality of the exports also improved. The company’s Beijing branch exported US$370 million worth of goods, 33.3% more than in the previous year. Its enterprises abroad had a turnover of US$1 billion in 1994.

Will Market-Oriented Reforms Propel Technology Progress?Empirical Evidence from China’s High-Tech Sectors

This paper aims to explore the effects of market-oriented reforms on industrial technology progress.Based on a theoretical analysis,we performed an empirical study with a marketization index and panel data of high-tech sectors in China.We found that market-oriented reforms had significantly propelled technology progress in China’s high-tech sectors,and the effects became more evident after China’s WTO entry.Market-oriented reforms induced technology progress by increasing capital allocation efficiency,R&D input,and technology diffusion.Among various aspects of market-oriented reforms,the institutional environment exerted the most significant effects,followed by the economy’s non-state sector,product market development,and factor market development;the government-market relationship index influenced technology’s progress the least.The effects are heterogeneous across sectors with different technology attributes and more significant for technology-intensive sectors.Our findings offer policy implications for China’s ongoing market-oriented reforms and policy design for technology progress in high-tech sectors.

Oil Crisis, Market Reforms, and Human Welfare： An Econometric Analysis of the Australian Economy

As an active trader in international crude oil and petroleum product markets, Australia＇s human welfare is affected by oil crisis and contagion from the perspectives of economic growth, income inequality, and environmental sustainability. This paper investigates the impacts of oil price shocks upon Australia＇s gross domestic product （GDP） growth, Gini coefficients, and carbon dioxide emissions per capita from 1970 to 2012 with yearly frequency. Hypotheses concerning whether Australia＇s economic immunity against oil crisis is affected after the deregulation of oil market and whether endogenous oil price shocks account for more variations in human welfare than exogenous oil price shocks are tested. The methodologies include a theoretic model and a series of econometric tests. For the short-run dynamics, oil price is integrated into the model both linearly and non-linearly. Oil price shocks are categorized into exogenous and endogenous shocks. The conclusions are that inflated oil prices exert mainly non-linear negative impacts upon human welfare indicators and exogenous shocks induce endogenous shocks through labor price, Consumer Price Index （CPI）, interest rate, and exchange rate. For the long-run equilibrium, non-linear shocks＇ effects decay more slowly than linear shocks and the impacts of endogenous shocks last longer than that of exogenous shocks. Finally, oil market policies are evaluated and proposed.

Three reforms on“Rope Tricks”

On the 14th Massy International Circus Festival,“Rope Tricks”by Fujian Acrobatic Troupe won the highest award—France Republic President Award.As the main tutor and direc-

PCT Reforms Its Patent Filing System

As of January 1,2004,the first critical steps in seekingpatent protection in multiple countries will be easier as aresult of reforms to the international patent filing system.Aseries of reforms to the World Intellectual PropertyOrganisation's(WIPO)Patent Cooperation Treaty(PCT),ranging from a new simplified system of designatingcountries in which patent protection is sought to an enhancedsearch and preliminary examination system,will simplify thecomplex procedure of obtaining patent protection in severa...