Gait and Glasgow Coma Scale scores can predict functional recovery in patients with traumatic brain injury

Fifty-one patients with mild （n -- 14）, moderate （n = 10） and severe traumatic brain injury （n = 27） received early rehabilitation. Level of consciousness was evaluated using the Glasgow Coma Score Functional level was determined using the Glasgow Outcome Score, whilst mobility was evaluated using the Mobility Scale for Acute Stroke. Activities of daily living were assessed using the Barthel Index. Following Bobath neurodevelopmental therapy, the level of consciousness was significantly improved in patients with moderate and severe traumatic brain injury, but was not greatly influenced in patients with mild traumatic brain injury. Mobility and functional level were significantly improved in patients with mild, moderate and severe traumatic brain injury. Gait recovery was more obvious in patients with mild traumatic brain injury than in patients with moderate and severe traumatic brain injury. Activities of daily living showed an improvement but this was insignificant except for patients with severe traumatic brain injury. Nevertheless, complete recovery was not acquired at discharge. Multiple regression analysis showed that gait and Glasgow Coma Scale scores can be considered predictors of functional outcomes following traumatic brain injury.

POLY-SCALE REFINABLE FUNCTION AND THEIR PROPERTIES

Poly-scale refinable function with dilation factor a is introduced. The existence of solution of poly-scale refinable equation is investigated. Specially, necessary and sufficient conditions for the orthonormality of solution function Ф of poly-scale refinable equation with integer dilation factor a are established. Some properties of poly-scale refinable function are discussed. Several examples illustrating how to use the method to construct poly-scale refinable function are given.

Construction theory of dyadic scale function and dyadic wavelet function

We derive the conditions for the existence of the unique solution of the two scale integral equation and the form of the solution, according to the method of the construction of the dyadic scale function. We give the construction of the dyadic wavelet and its necessary and sufficient condition. As an application, we also develop a pyramid algorithm of the dyadic wavelet decomposition.

Positively Worded Subscale Score of the Perceived Stress Scale Is Associated with Cognitive Domain Function

Objectives: To examine the cross-sectional associations of the separate subscales of the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and tests measuring cognitive domains in older adults. Methods: 897 adults over the age of 70 free of amnestic mild cognitive impairment and dementia and enrolled in the Einstein Aging Study made up the study sample. The PSS-14 was used to measure stress. Three cognitive domains (language, episodic memory, and frontal-executive) had previously been found using principle component analysis. Linear regression analyses were used to determine the relationship between the PSS subscales and cognitive domain function. Results: The study sample had a mean age of 79.1 years and 62.8% were female. Bivariate correlations show that the PSS-14 positively worded subscale of the PSS (PSS-PW) was significantly associated with all three cognitive domains (language: r = -0.15, p < 0.001;episodic memory: r = -0.16, p < 0.001;frontal-executive: r = -0.21, p <0.001) while the negatively worded subscale of the PSS (PSS-NW) was not significantly associated with any cognitive domain. In linear regression analyses adjusted for age, white race, gender, years of education, and depressive symptoms, the PSS-PW remained significantly associated with each of the cognitive domains. The PSS-NW was not associated with any cognitive domains in any model. The PSS-14 was significantly associated with language and episodic memory, but not the frontal-executive domain. Conclusion: Worse PSS-PW scores are associated with reduced cognitive function in the executive, memory, and language domains in nondemented older adults. The PSS-PW subscale correlated better with cognitive function than the overall PSS-14. Future research should evaluate the temporality of the association and if stress reduction therapies improve cognitive performance.

GU'S FUNCTION SCALE OF ION HYDRATION FORCE AND CHARGE SIZE

Water Vapor Chemistry" as a new science was discovered and established from trace analysis in Gu’s laboratory(Gu, 1991; Gu et al., 1991). Gu’s Function shows that the trace metal ion concentration in water vapor has positive correlation to"specific electron affinity constant"last ionization potential Iz/ion valence Z and negative correlation to ion volume V and coordination number N(Gu, 1994). Gu’s Func-tion C=f[(Iz/Z)/VN]of the bond parameter in water vapor chemistry corresponds to the potential energy function Z’ e2/r in the Schrodinger Equation of quantum chemistry. In different ions with the same 2+ charge, the ion concentration of water-water vapor transfer may be much different. This shows that the 2+ charge of different ions has different attractive force (hydration force). This different attractive force of the charge can be scaled with the relative energy or charge size from Gu’s Function.

Effect of non-pharmacological treatment on the full recovery of social functioning in patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

BACKGROUND Long-term treatment of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)is associated with adverse events,such as nausea and vomiting,dizziness,and sleep disturbances,and poor maintenance of late ADHD medication compromises treatment outcomes and prolongs the recovery of patients’social functioning.AIM To evaluate the effect of non-pharmacological treatment on the full recovery of social functioning in patients with ADHD.METHODS A total of 90 patients diagnosed with ADHD between May 2019 and August 2020 were included in the study and randomly assigned to either the pharmacological group(methylphenidate hydrochloride and tomoxetine hydrochloride)or the non-pharmacological group(parental training,behavior modification,sensory integration therapy,and sand tray therapy),with 45 cases in each group.Outcome measures included treatment compliance,Swanson,Nolan,and Pelham,Version IV(SNAP-IV)scores,Conners Parent Symptom Questionnaire(PSQ)scores,and Weiss Functional Impairment Rating Scale(WFIRS)scores.RESULTS The non-pharmacological interventions resulted in significantly higher compliance in patients(95.56%)compared with medication(71.11%)(P<0.05).However,no significant differences in SNAP-IV and PSQ scores,in addition to the learning/school,social activities,and adventure activities of the WFIRS scores were observed between the two groups(P>0.05).Patients with non-pharmacological interventions showed higher WFIRS scores for family,daily life skills,and self-concept than those in the pharmacological group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Non-pharmacological interventions,in contrast to the potential risks of adverse events after longterm medication,improve patient treatment compliance,alleviate patients’behavioral symptoms of attention,impulsivity,and hyperactivity,and improve their cognitive ability,thereby improving family relationships and patient self-evaluation.

Quadratic Lyapunov Function and Exponential Dichotomy on Time Scales

In this paper, we study the relationship between exponential dichotomy and quadratic Lyapunov function for the linear equation x△=A（t）x on time scales. Moreover, for the nonlinear perturbed equation x△= A（t）x ＋ f（t, x） we give the instability of the zero solution when f is sufficiently small.

EXISTENCE OF PERIODIC SOLUTIONS TO A SYSTEM WITH FUNCTIONAL RESPONSE ON TIME SCALES

This paper investigates the existence of periodic solutions of a three-species food-chain diffusive system with Beddington-DeAngelis functional responses and time delays in a two-patch environment on time scales. By using a continuation theorem based on coincidence degree theory, we obtain sufficient criteria for the existence of periodic solutions for the system. Moreover, when the time scale T is chosen as R or Z, the existence of the periodic solutions of the corresponding continuous and discrete models follows. Therefore, the method is unified to provide the existence of the desired solutions for continuous differential equations and discrete difference equations.

融合尺度与信心指数的三维表面重建算法

针对包含细小结构场景的三维表面重建精度和完整度难以提高的问题,提出一种融合三维点云尺度与信心指数的三维表面重建算法。构建了一个表面隐函数,采用高斯函数为其基函数,三阶贝塞尔函数为其权重函数,并根据点云尺度与信心指数大小自适应调整基函数覆盖范围与权重函数取值。采用八叉树存储与处理数据,根据点云尺度大小自适应划分八叉树结构,从而自适应调整表面隐函数三维采样密度。通过无约束等值面提取方法,提取隐函数等值面,从而得到三维表面。与几种典型表面重建算法对比实验,结果表明所提算法重建三维表面细节清晰,整体重建精度与完整度均有提高。

空气过滤用静电纺纳米纤维材料研究进展

面对日益严重的空气污染,传统过滤材料的过滤效率低且过滤阻力大,静电纺纳米纤维材料具有高孔隙率、大比表面积等特性,过滤效率高且过滤阻力小,可广泛应用于空气过滤及个人防护等领域。为此,首先从加工方式方面综述了3种静电纺丝法,不同的方法可获得不同尺度的纤维;其次,从不同纳米纤维材料结构和功能化制备角度,系统综述了空气过滤纳米纤维材料的最新研究进展;最后对规模化制备及纺丝原理进行论述,并展望了未来发展趋势。研究认为:需要深入研究静电纺丝机制,进一步研究电场、溶液、纤维成形之间的影响机制与构效关系开发新技术,来实现静电纺纳米纤维材料的规模化宏量制备;在此基础上对其进行功能化改进,研发具备自清洁、抗菌和传感等功能的空气过滤纳米纤维材料,以提高其在空气过滤领域的应用价值。

高能量激光联合体外冲击波治疗对足底筋膜炎患者视觉模拟评分和足部功能指数的影响

目的探讨高能量激光联合体外冲击波治疗对足底筋膜炎(PF)患者的视觉模拟评分法(VAS)、足部功能指数(FFI)的影响。方法选取2021年1月至2022年3月于江苏大学附属医院疼痛科就诊的59例PF患者作为研究对象,根据治疗方法分为A组(n=29)与B组(n=30)。A组行体外冲击波治疗,B组行高能量激光联合体外冲击波治疗。比较两组治疗前后VAS及FFI评分。结果治疗后1个月,两组VAS评分均低于治疗前,且B组低于A组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组FFI评分组间、时间、交互比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗3周、治疗后1个月,两组FFI评分均低于前一时间点,且B组低于A组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论高能量激光联合体外冲击波治疗足底筋膜炎,可更好地缓解疼痛和改善患者的足部功能,值得临床推广应用。

县域教育的兜底功能:社会基础与实现路径

县域教育深嵌在县域社会之中,既要承担一般化的教育功能,还要回应县域社会独特的教育需求。由于县域社会主要是乡村社会,当前乡村社会从整体走向碎片、农民家庭从完整走向分割、隔代教育的社会功能不齐全、教育城镇化加剧乡村学校衰败等社会变迁,使得县域教育中家庭主体、社会主体缺位,导致一些重要的教育功能无法实现,使县乡的孩子们的权利受到侵害,给其成长带来不良影响。为此,县乡学校要对县乡孩子们的教育进行权利和责任兜底。要实现教育兜底功能,县域教育就要集中力量办好乡校、县中及县域职业学校要向多中心教育目标转型,以确保县乡的孩子们有平等的机会和权利通过县域教育走出县乡,成为有知识、懂规范、人格健全、适应社会的人。

基于非线性各向异性滤波的图像特征匹配算法

图像特征匹配是增强现实系统中的关键技术,匹配精度是提升特征匹配性能的关键。提出了一种多尺度特征匹配加强算法(I-AKAZE),通过对非线性各向异性滤波过程中传导函数的改进,减缓图像梯度值大的区域非线性扩散速度,极大程度地保留了匹配图像的边缘特征;同时,结合改进的非线性量化加速稳健特征描述符(NLG-SURF),提高了描述符的识别率。实验结果表明I-AKAZE算法在Mikolajczyk数据集上的可重复性得分相比目前先进的AKAZE算法有着大幅度提升,对应的特征描述符的平均识别率提升8.4%,并且运行速度比经典的SIFT算法快约19%,算法整体在检测和描述阶段上的性能都有提升。

MoCA量表在动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血患者术后早期认知功能中的应用

目的 探索蒙特利尔认知评估(Montreal cognitive assessment,MoCA)量表在动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血(aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage,a SAH)患者术后早期认知功能中的应用。方法 选取2021年11月至2022年5月在温州医科大学附属第一医院神经外科住院的181例a SAH患者的临床资料,采用Mo CA量表评估患者术后各维度得分情况。以性别、年龄、受教育程度、高血压、责任动脉瘤内径、Hunt-Hess分级、手术方式等为变量,研究其与MoCA量表各维度得分的关系。采用Logistic回归分析探讨低分维度与术后认知功能的影响因素。结果 认知功能正常(≥26分)61例(36.31%)。语言维度的多因素分析结果示:受教育程度、年龄、手术方式、Hunt-Hess分级等在是否发生认知功能障碍中的比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);延迟记忆的多因素分析结果示:受教育程度、Hunt-Hess分级、酗酒、脑卒中家族史、手术方式等在是否发生认知功能障碍中的比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 a SAH患者术后早期认知功能障碍发生率高;语言、延迟记忆维度分数最低;低文化背景、高龄、开颅方式、Hunt-Hess高分级等更易造成语言及延迟记忆受损。

海域重力异常模型的多尺度分析

不同于传统的重力异常模型精度分析方法,本文以马里亚纳海沟区域(140°E—150°E,10°N—20°N)为例,利用DOG球面小波提取了DTU10、DTU17和SIO V32.1模型在不同波段内的重力异常信号,对模型间的差异进行了深入分析,并对基于径向基函数的不同深度、不同分辨率的多尺度分析进行了尝试。利用DOG球面小波对各模型多尺度分析的结果表明,随着尺度变小,模型间的差异在变大;DTU10、DTU17模型间的差异主要集中在10.9~43.6 km的波段内,分布在海岸、海沟、海底山附近,体现了Cryosat-2、Jason-1/GM观测数据和FES2014海潮模型的贡献;受模型构建方法不同、观测数据增多和波形重跟踪的影响,DTU17、SIO V32.1模型的差异大于DTU10、DTU17之间的差异。对传统径向基函数进行了改进,实现了多深度、多空间分辨率情况下径向基函数多尺度分析,结果略优于单一深度、单一空间分辨率径向基函数构建结果,有望应用于多源数据的重力场模型构建。

5种认知功能筛查量表在老年人中的应用效果分析

目的:评价三级甲等综合医院记忆门诊常用的5种认知筛查量表的应用效果,以期为临床医护人员进行神经认知障碍的评估和诊断提供参考依据。方法:选取2020年10月—2022年5月就诊于记忆门诊且主诉记忆减退的155例病人,经神经内科医生初诊,在征得病人同意后,开具认知障碍筛查处方,病人预约后由具有认知筛查培训资质的护士依次对病人及家属完成中文版认知功能检查量表-Ⅲ(ACE-Ⅲ)、简易智力状态检查量表(MMSE)、画钟测试4分法(CDT4)、蒙特利尔认知评估量表(MoCA)、认知障碍自评量表(AD8)和日常生活能力(ADL)量表的筛查,病人携带认知筛查结果、相关实验室及影像学检查结果到神经内科初诊专家处进行诊疗。结果:155例病人中,正常对照组72人,认知障碍组38例,痴呆组45例。5种认知筛查量表与相关因素间相关性比较结果显示,年龄、教育年限、认知障碍程度与中文版ACE-Ⅲ、MoCA相关性更为显著;认知障碍组病人中文版ACE-Ⅲ、MMSE、MoCA和AD8的受试者工作特征曲线下面积为0.698~0.788,MoCA、中文版ACE-Ⅲ和AD8对轻度认知障碍诊断的特异性分别为78.9%、76.3%和73.7%,敏感性分别为70.8%、58.3%和56.9%;痴呆组病人的中文版ACE-Ⅲ、MMSE、MoCA量表的受试者工作特征曲线下面积为0.915~0.931,其中MMSE、中文版ACE-Ⅲ和MoCA对痴呆诊断的敏感性分别为91.7%,84.7%和83.3%,特异性分别为86.7%、84.4%和84.4%。结论:对于具有记忆力减退、高龄、具有一定学历的病人宜选用MoCA、中文版ACE-Ⅲ在三级甲等综合医院记忆门诊筛查使用;认知筛查量表对轻度认知障碍筛查的准确性依次为MoCA>中文版ACE-Ⅲ>AD8,对痴呆筛查的准确性MMSE>中文版ACE-Ⅲ>MoCA。

衰弱状态与老年冠心病患者PCI术后心功能及其预后

目的分析老年冠心病患者经皮冠脉介入治疗(PCI)后的衰弱状态与心肌损伤、心脏结构功能的关系,并评估其对长期预后的价值。方法纳入2020年1月至2022年1月在安徽省池州市人民医院行PCI的老年冠心病患者348例。术后通过改良Tilburg衰弱量表进行评估,将总分≥5分的患者设置为衰弱组(n=152),其他患者为非衰弱组(n=196)。比较两组患者手术前后的心肌损伤标志物[B型利钠肽(BNP)、心肌肌钙蛋白T(cTnT)、肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)]和心功能指标[左心室收缩末内径(LVESD)、左心室舒张末内径(LVEDD)、左心室后壁厚度(LVPW)、左心室射血分数(LVEF)]。随访2年,对比两组发生心血管不良事件的情况(心源性休克、心源性死亡、严重心力衰竭、急性心肌梗死)。通过Pearson相关性分析患者心肌损伤及心脏结构功能与衰弱状态的关系,ROC曲线评估Tilburg评分对患者预后情况的诊断效能。结果术后非衰弱组心肌损伤标志物水平、LVESD、LVEDD低于衰弱组,LVEF高于衰弱组(均P<0.05)。Tilburg评分与心肌损伤情况、LVESD、LVEDD呈正相关,与LVEF呈负相关;且Tilburg评分对患者预后评估的ROC曲线下面积为0.982。结论老年冠心病患者PCI术后衰弱状态与心肌损伤及心脏结构功能有显著的相关性,对长期预后有较高的预测价值。

基于改进小波阈值函数和全尺度Retinex的红外图像融合增强算法

针对现有红外图像增强算法存在信噪比低、细节模糊、清晰度差等问题,本文提出基于改进小波阈值函数和全尺度Retinex的红外图像融合增强算法。首先,为克服尺度参数固定和光线散射导致红外图像退化的问题,利用大气透射率得到Retinex尺度参数的全尺度映射图,从而有效提高图像的清晰度,并将输入图像和使用全尺度Retinex处理后的输入图像作为算法的第一个输入和第二个输入。其次,为解决传统小波阈值函数在图像降噪过程中存在伪影、细节丢失等问题,设计改进小波阈值函数,通过引入尺度因子,在计算每层高频子图小波系数后,能根据该层数自适应调整尺度因子,并引入调节因子,结合指数函数,使该函数不仅能抑制高频子图噪声,还能极大程度保留细节信息。然后,使用小波图像融合的方式融合输入的高频子图和低频子图,进一步提高输出图像的纹理细节。主客观仿真结果表明,所提算法比其它对比算法具有更好的降噪和细节突出能力,并能提高红外图像的人眼视觉效果。最后,本文算法应用于红外成像模块采集的红外图像增强,效果良好,表明本文方法具有实用性。

多尺度和卷积注意力相结合的红外与可见光图像融合

针对红外与可见光图像融合时,单一尺度特征提取不足、红外目标与可见光纹理细节丢失等问题,提出一种多尺度和卷积注意力相结合的红外与可见光图像融合算法。首先,设计多尺度特征提取模块和可变形卷积注意力模块相结合的编码器网络,多感受野提取红外与可见光图像的重要特征信息。然后,采用基于空间和通道双注意力机制的融合策略,进一步融合红外和可见光图像的典型特征。最后,由3层卷积层构成解码器网络,用于重构融合图像。此外,设计基于均方误差、多尺度结构相似度和色彩的混合损失函数约束网络训练,进一步提高融合图像与源图像的相似性。本算法在公开数据集上与7种图像融合算法进行比较,在主观评价和客观评价方面,所提算法相较其它对比算法具有较好的边缘保持性、源图像信息保留度,较高的融合图像质量。

窗口锚定的偏移受限动态蛇形卷积网络航拍小目标检测

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