Smoothness加强的全局和局部显著目标检测

显著目标检测是计算机视觉的重要组成部分。针对基于对比度的方法存在的前景和背景容易被误检的问题,提出Smoothness加强的全局和局部显著目标检测的方法。在全局对比度检测过程中引入中心先验知识,在局部对比度检测过程中引入Compactness特征,再使用Smoothness特征加强全局的显著性及局部的显著性,最后将全局显著图和局部显著图进行线性融合。在MSRA-1000、ECSSD数据集上的评估中,该算法有更高的准确率,在CSSD数据集上能和最先进算法相媲美。实验表明,从全局和局部两个角度出发的显著性检测的方法能够有效的互补,Smoothness能够有效加强前景和背景的差异性,并且有效纠正一些误检现象,从而取得更好的结果。

Smoothness Prior Approach for Spectral Smoothing and Baseline Correction

Smoothness prior approach for spectral smoothing is investigated using Fourier frequency filter analysis.We show that the regularization parameter in penalized least squares could continuously control the bandwidth of low-pass filter.Besides,due to its property of interpolating the missing values automatically and smoothly,a spectral baseline correction algorithm based on the approach is proposed.This algorithm generally comprises spectral peak detection and baseline estimation.First,the spectral peak regions are detected and identified according to the second derivatives.Then,generalized smoothness prior approach combining identification information could estimate the baseline in peak regions.Results with both the simulated and real spectra show accurate baseline-corrected signals with this method.

A NOTE ON SINGULAR INTEGRALS WITH DOMINATING MIXED SMOOTHNESS IN TRIEBEL-LIZORKIN SPACES

Let h, be a measurable function defined on R^＋ ×R^＋. Let Ω ∈ L（log L^＋）^υq （S^n1-1 × S^n2-1） （1≤ υq ≤ 2） be homogeneous of degree zero and satisfy certain cancellation conditions. We show that the singular integral Tf（x1,x2）=p.v.∫∫R^n1＋n2 Ω（y′1,y′2）h（｜y1｜,｜y2｜）/｜y1｜^n1｜y2｜^n2 f（x1-y1,x2-y2）dy1dy2maps from Sp,q^α1,α2F（R^n1×R^n2）boundedly to itself for 1 〈 p, q 〈 ∞, α1, α2 ∈R.

SMOOTHNESS INDICATOR OF WENO SCHEME FOR RESOLVING SHORT WAVE

Based on the traditional fifth-order weighted essentially non-oscillatory(WENO)scheme,a smoothness indicator is introduced to improve the capability of WENO schemes for resolving short waves.In the construction of the new smoothness indicator,the proportion of the first-order term in the original smoothness indicator is reduced by replacing the square of the first-order term with the product of the first-order and the third-order terms.To preserve the fifth-order of convergence rate,the smoothness indicator is combined with the method of Borges,et al.The numerical results show that the proposed schemes are more suitable for simulating turbulent flows or aeroacoustics problems than the previous fifth-order WENO schemes,thanks to its improved resolution on short waves.

GLOBAL SMOOTHNESS PRESERVATION BY BIVARIATE INTERPOLATION OPERATORS

Extending the results of [4] in the univariate case, in this paper we prove that the bivariate interpolation polynomials of Hermite-Fejér based on the Chebyshev nodes of the first kind, those of Lagrange based on the Chebyshev nodes of second kind and ±1, and those of bivariate Shepard operators, have the property of partial preservation of global smoothness, with respect to various bivariate moduli of continuity.

CHARACTERIZATION OF HLDER SPACES CORRESPONDING TO DITZIAN-TOTIK MODULUS OF SMOOTHNESS

For the step-weight function , we prove that the Holder spaces ∧a,p on the interval [-1,1], defined in terms of moduli of smoothness with the step-weight function ,are linearly isomorphic to some sequence spaces, and the isomorphism is given by the cofficients of function with respect to a system of orthonormal splines with knots uniformly distributed according to the measure with density . In case ∧a,p is contained in the space of continuous functions, we give a discrete characterization of this space, using only values of function at the appropriate knots. Application of these results to characterize the order of polynomial approximation is presented.

Equivalence of <i>K</i>-Functionals and Modulus of Smoothness Generated by a Generalized Dunkl Operator on the Real Line

This paper is intended to establish the equivalence between K-functionals and modulus of smoothness tied to a Dunkl type operator on the real line.

Equivalence between Modulus of Smoothness and K-Functional on Rotation Group SO(3)

In this paper we obtain the equivalence between modulus of smoothness and K-functional on rotation group SO(3).

A NEW FORMULATION OF BERNSTEIN-BEZIER BASED SMOOTHNESS CONDITIONS FOR pp FUNCTIONS

In this note, we establish a new formulation of smoothness conditions for piecewise polynomial (: =pp) functions in terms of the B-net representation in the general n-dimensional setting. It plays an important role for 2-dimensional setting in the constructive proof of the fact that the spaces of polynomial splines with smoothness rand total degree k≥3r+2 over arbitrary triangulations achieve the optimal approximation order with the approximation constant depending only on k and the smallest angle of the partition in [5].

Morrey smoothness spaces:A new approach

In the recent years,the so-called Morrey smoothness spaces attracted a lot of interest.They can(also)be understood as generalisations of the classical spaces A_(p,q)^(s)(R^(n))with A∈{B,F}in R^(n),where the parameters satisfy s∈R(smoothness),0<p∞(integrability)and 0<q∞(summability).In the case of Morrey smoothness spaces,additional parameters are involved.In our opinion,among the various approaches at least two scales enjoy special attention,also in view of applications:the scales A_(p,q)^(s)(R^(n))with A∈{N,E}and u≥p,and A_(p,q)^(s),τ(R^(n))with A∈{B,F}andτ≥0.We reorganise these two prominent types of Morrey smoothness spaces by adding to(s,p,q)the so-called slope parameter e,preferably(but not exclusively)with-n e<0.It comes out that|e|replaces n,and min(|e|,1)replaces 1 in slopes of(broken)lines in the(1/p,s)-diagram characterising distinguished properties of the spaces A_(p,q)^(s)(R^(n))and their Morrey counterparts.Special attention will be paid to low-slope spaces with-1<e<0,where the corresponding properties are quite often independent of n∈N.Our aim is two-fold.On the one hand,we reformulate some assertions already available in the literature(many of which are quite recent).On the other hand,we establish on this basis new properties,a few of which become visible only in the context of the offered new approach,governed,now,by the four parameters(s,p,q,e).

Smoothness-oriented path optimization for robotic milling processes

Industrial robots are increasingly used for five-axis machining operations, where the rotation of the end effector along the toolaxis direction is functionally redundant. This functional redundancy should be carefully resolved when planning the robot path according to the tool path generated by a computer-aided manufacturing(CAM) system. Improper planning of the redundancy may cause drastic variations of the joint motions, which could significantly decrease the machining efficiency as well as the machining accuracy. To tackle this problem, this paper presents a new optimization-based methodology to globally resolve the functional redundancy for the robotic milling process. Firstly, a global performance index concerning the smoothness of the robot path at the joint acceleration level is proposed. By minimizing the smoothness performance index while considering the avoidance of joint limits and the singularity and the constraint of the stiffness performance, the resolution of the redundancy is formulated as a constrained optimization problem. To efficiently solve the problem, the sequential linearization programming method is employed to improve the initial solution provided by the conventional graph-based method. Then, simulations for a given tool path are presented. Compared with the graph-based method, the proposed method can generate a smoother robot path in which a significant reduction of the magnitude of the maximum joint acceleration is obtained, resulting in a smoother tool-tip feedrate profile. Finally, the experiment on the robotic milling system is also presented. The results show that the optimized robot path of the proposed method obtains better surface quality and higher machining efficiency, which verifies the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Non-Linear Approximation of Functions with Mixed Smoothness by Sets of Finite Pseudo-Dimension

In this paper, the non-linear approximation on the class of multivariate functions with bounded mixed derivatives is investigated, and the asymptotic degree of the non-linear width on this class is determined.

Hrmander Type Theorem for Fourier Multipliers with Optimal Smoothness on Hardy Spaces of Arbitrary Number of Parameters

The main purpose of this paper is to establish the HSrmander-Mihlin type theorem for Fourier multipliers with optimal smoothness on k-parameter Hardy Spaces for k≥ 3 using the multi- parameter Littlewood-Paley theory. For the sake of convenience and simplicity, we only consider the case k 3, and the method works for all the cases k ≥ 3： Tmf（x1,x2,x3） =1/（（2π）＋n1＋n2＋n3） ∫ R n1×R n2×R n3 m（ξ）f（ξ）e 2π ix.ξ dξ. where x = （x1,x2,x3） ∈ Rn1 × Rn2 × R n3 and ξ = （ξ1,ξ2,ξ3） ∈ R n1 × Rn2 ×R n3. One of our main results is the following： Assume that m（ξ） is a function on Rn1＋n2＋n3 satisfying sup j,k,l ∈Z ｜｜mj,k,l｜｜ W（s1,s2,s3）〈∞ with si 〉 ni（1/p-1/2） for 1 ≤ i ≤ 3. Then Tm is bounded from HP（R n1 × R n2 ×R n3） to HP（R n1 ×R n2 × R n3） for all 0 〈 p ≤ 1 and ｜｜Tm｜｜ Hp→Hp≤ sup j,k,l∈Z ｜｜mj,k,l｜｜ W（s1,s2,s3） Moreover, the smoothness assumption on sl for 1 ≤ i ≤ 3 is optimal. Here we have used the notations mj,k,l （ξ）= m（2 j ξ1,2 k ξ2, 2 l ξ3） ψ（ξ1） ψ（ξ2） ψ（ξ3） and ψ（ξi） is a suitable cut-off function on R ni for 1 ≤ i ≤ 3, and W（s1,s2,s3） is a three-parameter Sobolev space on R n × R n2 × Rn 3. Because the Fefferman criterion breaks down in three parameters or more, we consider the Lp boundedness of the Littlewood-Paley square function of T mf to establish its boundedness on the multi-parameter Hardy spaces.

Subdifferential Representation of Homogeneous Functions and Extension of Smoothness in Banach spaces

In this paper, we mainly consider proximal subdifferentials of lower semicontinuous functions defined on real Hilbert space and Clarke＇s subdifferentials of locally Lipschitzian functions defined on Banach space respectively, and obtain the generalized Euler identity of homogenous functions. Then, by introducing a multifunction F, we extend the smoothness of sphere and differentiability of norm function in Banach space.

Effect of the interval between two shocks on ejecta formation from the grooved aluminum surface

This work focuses on the effect of the interval between two shocks on the ejecta formation from the grooved aluminum(Al_(1100))surface by using smoothed particle hydrodynamics numerical simulation.Two unsupported shocks are obtained by the plate-impact between sample and two flyers at interval,with a peak pressure of approximately 30 GPa for each shock.When the shock interval varies from 2.11 to 7.67 times the groove depth,the bubble velocity reduces to a constant,and the micro jetting factor R_(J) from spike to bubble exhibits a non-monotonic change that decreases initially and then increases.At a shock interval of 3.6 times the groove depth,micro jetting factor R_(J) from spike to bubble reaches its minimum value of approximately 0.6.While,the micro jetting factor R_(F) from spike to free surface decreases linearly at first,and stabilizes around 0.25 once the shock interval surpasses 4.18 times the groove depth.When the shock interval is less than 4.18 times the groove depth,the unloading wave generated by the breakout of the first shock wave is superimpose with the unloading part of the second shock wave to form a large tensile area.

Integrated strategy for real-time wind power fluctuation mitigation and energy storage system control

To address the impact of wind-power fluctuations on the stability of power systems,we propose a comprehensive approach that integrates multiple strategies and methods to enhance the efficiency and reliability of a system.First,we employ a strategy that restricts long-and short-term power output deviations to smoothen wind power fluctuations in real time.Second,we adopt the sliding window instantaneous complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise(SW-ICEEMDAN)strategy to achieve real-time decomposition of the energy storage power,facilitating internal power distribution within the hybrid energy storage system.Finally,we introduce a rule-based multi-fuzzy control strategy for the secondary adjustment of the initial power allocation commands for different energy storage components.Through simulation validation,we demonstrate that the proposed comprehensive control strategy can smoothen wind power fluctuations in real time and decompose energy storage power.Compared with traditional empirical mode decomposition(EMD),ensemble empirical mode decomposition(EEMD),and complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise(CEEMDAN)decomposition strategies,the configuration of the energy storage system under the SW-ICEEMDAN control strategy is more optimal.Additionally,the state-of-charge of energy storage components fluctuates within a reasonable range,enhancing the stability of the power system and ensuring the secure operation of the energy storage system.

Accelerated Primal-Dual Projection Neurodynamic Approach With Time Scaling for Linear and Set Constrained Convex Optimization Problems

The Nesterov accelerated dynamical approach serves as an essential tool for addressing convex optimization problems with accelerated convergence rates.Most previous studies in this field have primarily concentrated on unconstrained smooth con-vex optimization problems.In this paper,on the basis of primal-dual dynamical approach,Nesterov accelerated dynamical approach,projection operator and directional gradient,we present two accelerated primal-dual projection neurodynamic approaches with time scaling to address convex optimization problems with smooth and nonsmooth objective functions subject to linear and set constraints,which consist of a second-order ODE(ordinary differential equation)or differential conclusion system for the primal variables and a first-order ODE for the dual vari-ables.By satisfying specific conditions for time scaling,we demonstrate that the proposed approaches have a faster conver-gence rate.This only requires assuming convexity of the objective function.We validate the effectiveness of our proposed two accel-erated primal-dual projection neurodynamic approaches through numerical experiments.

A Novel Foreign Object Detection Method in Transmission Lines Based on Improved YOLOv8n

The rapid pace of urban development has resulted in the widespread presence of construction equipment andincreasingly complex conditions in transmission corridors. These conditions pose a serious threat to the safeoperation of the power grid.Machine vision technology, particularly object recognition technology, has beenwidelyemployed to identify foreign objects in transmission line images. Despite its wide application, the technique faceslimitations due to the complex environmental background and other auxiliary factors. To address these challenges,this study introduces an improved YOLOv8n. The traditional stepwise convolution and pooling layers are replacedwith a spatial-depth convolution (SPD-Conv) module, aiming to improve the algorithm’s efficacy in recognizinglow-resolution and small-size objects. The algorithm’s feature extraction network is improved by using a LargeSelective Kernel (LSK) attention mechanism, which enhances the ability to extract relevant features. Additionally,the SIoU Loss function is used instead of the Complete Intersection over Union (CIoU) Loss to facilitate fasterconvergence of the algorithm. Through experimental verification, the improved YOLOv8n model achieves adetection accuracy of 88.8% on the test set. The recognition accuracy of cranes is improved by 2.9%, which isa significant enhancement compared to the unimproved algorithm. This improvement effectively enhances theaccuracy of recognizing foreign objects on transmission lines and proves the effectiveness of the new algorithm.

Ascophyllum nodosum and Fucus vesiculosus ameliorate restenosis via improving inflammation and regulating the PTEN/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway

Restenosis is a common complication following coronary angioplasty.The traditional use of seaweeds for health benefits has increasingly been explored,however few studies exist reporting its protective effects on the development of restenosis and gut dysbiosis.The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of seaweed extracts(SE) of Ascophyllum nodosum and Fucus vesiculosus in inhibiting intimal hyperplasia in a rat model of restenosis and its underlying mechanisms in macrophages and vascular smooth muscle cells(vSMCs).16S rRNA sequencing was done to investigate the regulatory effect of SE on the gut microbiome of injured rats.As indicated by the results,SE significantly inhibited the progression of intimal hyperplasia in vivo,attenuated inflammation in macrophages and could inhibit the proliferation,dedifferentiation and migration of vSMCs.It was observed through immunoblotting assays that treatment with SE significantly upregulated PTEN expression in macrophages and inhibited the upregulation of PI3K and AKT expression in vSMCs.Meanwhile,according to the 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis,supplementation with SE modulated gut microbiota composition in injured rats.In conclusion,SE could ameliorate intimal hyperplasia by inhibiting inflammation and vSMCs proliferation through the regulation of the PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway and modulating the gut microbiome.

Laryngeal leiomyoma:A case report and review of literature

BACKGROUND Leiomyomas(LMs)are mesenchymal tumors that arise from smooth muscle cells.LMs most commonly arise in organs with an abundance of smooth muscle such as the uterus and gastrointestinal tract.Conversely,LMs are rarely detected in the head and neck region.In this study,we report a rare case of laryngeal LM(LLM)and summarized the clinical characteristics of reported LLMs to help clinicians better understand this rare disease and improve its diagnosis,treatment,and postoperative course.CASE SUMMARY A 49-year-old man was admitted to our ENT outpatient clinic with a chief complaint of pharynx discomfort for 2 months.Laryngoscopy performed under topical anesthesia revealed a solitary,pink mass at the tubercle of epiglottis.Surgery via laryngeal endoscopy was performed under general anesthesia,and the lesion was excised easily.Positive immunohistochemical staining for desmin and smooth-muscle actin indicated a smooth muscle origin and the diagnosis was laryngeal leiomyoma.After surgery,the patient’s condition was stable,and he was discharged 2 d after surgery.During the 1-year postoperative period,the patient’s condition remained stable without evidence of recurrence.CONCLUSION Surgical resection is the preferred treatment for LLMs,its early diagnosis and differential diagnosis have important clinical significance.