AIM: To understand how work climate and related factors influence teamwork and collaboration in a large medical center. METHODS: A survey of 3462 employees was conducted to generate responses to Sexton's Safety At...AIM: To understand how work climate and related factors influence teamwork and collaboration in a large medical center. METHODS: A survey of 3462 employees was conducted to generate responses to Sexton's Safety Attitudes Questionnaire(SAQ) to assess perceptions of work environment via a series of five-point, Likert-scaled questions. Path analysis was performed, using teamwork(TW) and collaboration(CO) as endogenous variables. The exogenous variables are effective communication(EC), safety culture(SC), job satisfaction(JS), work pressure(PR), and work climate(WC). The measure-ment instruments for the variables or summated subscales are presented. Reliability of each sub-scale are calculated. Alpha Cronbach coefficients are relatively strong: TW(0.81), CO(0.76), EC(0.70), SC(0.83), JS(0.91), WP(0.85), and WC(0.78). Confirmatory factor analysis was performed for each of these constructs. RESULTS: Path analysis enables to identify statistically significant predictors of two endogenous variables, teamwork and intra-organizational collaboration. Significant amounts of variance in perceived teamwork(R2 = 0.59) and in collaboration(R2 = 0.75) are accounted for by the predictor variables. In the initial model, safety culture is the most important predictor of perceived teamwork, with a β weight of 0.51, and work climate is the most significant predictor of collaboration, with a β weight of 0.84. After eliminating statistically insignificant causal paths and allowing correlated predictors1, the revised model shows that work climate is the only predictor positively influencing both teamwork(β = 0.26) and collaboration(β = 0.88). A relatively weak positive(β = 0.14) but statistically significant relationship exists between teamwork and collaboration when the effects of other predictors are simultaneously controlled.CONCLUSION: Hospital executives who are interested in improving collaboration should assess the work climate to ensure that employees are operating in a setting conducive to intra-organizational collaboration.展开更多
Burnout is an important issue which has attracted the attention of physicians and health practitioners. Several studies have reported the negative effect of physician burnout and the adverse effect it has on the indiv...Burnout is an important issue which has attracted the attention of physicians and health practitioners. Several studies have reported the negative effect of physician burnout and the adverse effect it has on the individual and health institutions. This study therefore examined the moderating effect of perceived organizational support on the relationship between teamwork and physician burnout in the Chinese context. Using a survey data consisting of a sample of physicians from hospitals within the Jiangsu Province of China, we estimated three models in a hierarchical framework and identified that in the presence of respondent’s demographic characteristics as control variables, perceived organizational support, play a very vital role in improving teamwork while reducing burnout among physicians.展开更多
Teaching practice has come to be recognized as one of the most important aspects of teacher education program for learner teachers. Besides student teachers' self-endeavor, partnership between school and universit...Teaching practice has come to be recognized as one of the most important aspects of teacher education program for learner teachers. Besides student teachers' self-endeavor, partnership between school and university, guidance of cooperating teachers and supervisors, team work is also important to a successful teaching practicum from three aspects: plan of practice team,collaboration in practice team and communication in practice team.展开更多
This study aimed to evaluate the development of healthcare teamwork during and after the collaboration tabletop exercises,through observation and interview methods.Integration and maturity theoretical models were empl...This study aimed to evaluate the development of healthcare teamwork during and after the collaboration tabletop exercises,through observation and interview methods.Integration and maturity theoretical models were employed to explain the collaborative challenges in teams that may suffer from unequally distributed power,hierarchies,and fragmentation.Using three-level collaboration tabletop exercises and the Command and control,Safety,Communication,Assessment,Treatment,Triage,Transport(CSCATTT)instrument,100 healthcare workers were observed during each step in the implementation of the CSCATTT instrument using two simulated scenarios.The results show a lack of integration and team maturity among participants in the first scenario,leading to the delayed start of the activity,task distribution,and decision making.These shortcomings were improved in the second scenario.In-depth interviews with 20 participants in the second phase of the study revealed improved knowledge and practical skills,self-confidence,and ability in team building within trans-professional groups in the second scenario,which in concordance with the integration theory,was due to the attempts made in the first scenario.Additionally,there was an improvement in the team’s maturity,which in concordance with the maturity theory,was due to the knowledge and practical skills during scenario plays.These results indicate the importance of continuous tabletop training,and the use of CSCATTT as a collaborative instrument,to promote the development of collaboration and to test the concept of preparedness.展开更多
基金Supported by the Taipei Veterans General Hospital
文摘AIM: To understand how work climate and related factors influence teamwork and collaboration in a large medical center. METHODS: A survey of 3462 employees was conducted to generate responses to Sexton's Safety Attitudes Questionnaire(SAQ) to assess perceptions of work environment via a series of five-point, Likert-scaled questions. Path analysis was performed, using teamwork(TW) and collaboration(CO) as endogenous variables. The exogenous variables are effective communication(EC), safety culture(SC), job satisfaction(JS), work pressure(PR), and work climate(WC). The measure-ment instruments for the variables or summated subscales are presented. Reliability of each sub-scale are calculated. Alpha Cronbach coefficients are relatively strong: TW(0.81), CO(0.76), EC(0.70), SC(0.83), JS(0.91), WP(0.85), and WC(0.78). Confirmatory factor analysis was performed for each of these constructs. RESULTS: Path analysis enables to identify statistically significant predictors of two endogenous variables, teamwork and intra-organizational collaboration. Significant amounts of variance in perceived teamwork(R2 = 0.59) and in collaboration(R2 = 0.75) are accounted for by the predictor variables. In the initial model, safety culture is the most important predictor of perceived teamwork, with a β weight of 0.51, and work climate is the most significant predictor of collaboration, with a β weight of 0.84. After eliminating statistically insignificant causal paths and allowing correlated predictors1, the revised model shows that work climate is the only predictor positively influencing both teamwork(β = 0.26) and collaboration(β = 0.88). A relatively weak positive(β = 0.14) but statistically significant relationship exists between teamwork and collaboration when the effects of other predictors are simultaneously controlled.CONCLUSION: Hospital executives who are interested in improving collaboration should assess the work climate to ensure that employees are operating in a setting conducive to intra-organizational collaboration.
文摘Burnout is an important issue which has attracted the attention of physicians and health practitioners. Several studies have reported the negative effect of physician burnout and the adverse effect it has on the individual and health institutions. This study therefore examined the moderating effect of perceived organizational support on the relationship between teamwork and physician burnout in the Chinese context. Using a survey data consisting of a sample of physicians from hospitals within the Jiangsu Province of China, we estimated three models in a hierarchical framework and identified that in the presence of respondent’s demographic characteristics as control variables, perceived organizational support, play a very vital role in improving teamwork while reducing burnout among physicians.
文摘Teaching practice has come to be recognized as one of the most important aspects of teacher education program for learner teachers. Besides student teachers' self-endeavor, partnership between school and university, guidance of cooperating teachers and supervisors, team work is also important to a successful teaching practicum from three aspects: plan of practice team,collaboration in practice team and communication in practice team.
文摘This study aimed to evaluate the development of healthcare teamwork during and after the collaboration tabletop exercises,through observation and interview methods.Integration and maturity theoretical models were employed to explain the collaborative challenges in teams that may suffer from unequally distributed power,hierarchies,and fragmentation.Using three-level collaboration tabletop exercises and the Command and control,Safety,Communication,Assessment,Treatment,Triage,Transport(CSCATTT)instrument,100 healthcare workers were observed during each step in the implementation of the CSCATTT instrument using two simulated scenarios.The results show a lack of integration and team maturity among participants in the first scenario,leading to the delayed start of the activity,task distribution,and decision making.These shortcomings were improved in the second scenario.In-depth interviews with 20 participants in the second phase of the study revealed improved knowledge and practical skills,self-confidence,and ability in team building within trans-professional groups in the second scenario,which in concordance with the integration theory,was due to the attempts made in the first scenario.Additionally,there was an improvement in the team’s maturity,which in concordance with the maturity theory,was due to the knowledge and practical skills during scenario plays.These results indicate the importance of continuous tabletop training,and the use of CSCATTT as a collaborative instrument,to promote the development of collaboration and to test the concept of preparedness.
