Effect of Rare Earths on Tempered Martensite Embrittlement of Steel

The mechanical properties of SiMnCr and SiMnMo steels tempered in lowtemperature range were studied. The results show that there is no notable effect of RE on material strength during lowtemperature tempering. There are toughness troughs of tempered martensite embrittlement(TME) at 350 ℃ and 400 ℃ for steel SiMnCr and SiMnMo respectively. RE raises the toughness of TME troughs to some extent by refining grains and restraining embrittlment of austenite grain boundary, although it does not change TME temperature.

FATIGUE BEHAVIOUR OF GRANULAR BAINITE STRUCTURE

The strain fatigue,impact fatigue and rotation beam fatigue behaviour of granular bainitic structure has been studied.The results show that the strain fatigue properties and the impact fatigue properties of granular bainite are superior to that of tempered martensite under the condition that the ultimate tensile strength is equal.The impact.fatigue life increases with in- creasing amount of granular bainite,because the M-A islands might retard the propagation of fatigue crack.The rotation beam fatigue properties of granular hainite are similar to that of tempered martensite.The relationship between.fatigue limit S_f,yield strength σ_y and frac- ture strength S_k may be expressed as S_f=4.651+0.1411(σ_y+S_k)

A model for converting thermal analysis to volume fraction of high carbon bearing steels during low-temperature tempering

Quantitative prediction of phase content is of great importance to control and optimize the heat treat-ment process of steels.In this work,a model for predicting the phase content of tempered high carbon steels was proposed by taking a martensitic 100Cr6 bearing steel as a model case.The microstructural transformations during tempering were studied using thermal analysis,transmission electron microscopy(TEM),and X-ray diffraction(XRD).Kinetics analysis of thermal evolution by employing the isoconver-sional method,and assisted by TEM and XRD characterization,were performed to quantitatively estimate the volume fractions of different phases after tempering.A series of isothermal tempering experiments were designed to verify the model.The predicted results were in good agreement with the experimental results of XRD and electrolytic extraction measurements.

Effect of Heat Treatment on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of HB400 Grade High Strength Abrasion Resistant Steel

High strength abrasion resistant steel plates are widely used in mining,construction and agricultural machineries.The plates are,however,usually poor in impact toughness.An attempt is made to improve the impact toughness of HB400 grade abrasion resistant steel by controlling quenching and tempering of the plates.Optimized combination of the strength and the toughness has been achieved by choosing best fit set of quenching and tempering condition.Mechanism underlying the achievement has been investigated in terms of the microstructure consisting of tempered lath martensite,retained austenite and precipitated carbides.

Effects of Tempering Temperature and Mo/Ni on Microstructures and Properties of Lath Martensitic Wear-Resistant Steels

The tempering behavior was experimentally studied in lath martensitic wear-resistant steels with various Mo/Ni contents after tempering at different temperatures from 200to 600℃.It is shown that a good combination of hardness（HV）（420-450）and-20℃impact toughness（38-70J）can be obtained after quenching and tempering at 200-250 ℃.The microstructure at this temperature is lath structure with rod-like and/or flake-likeε-carbide with about 10nm in width and 100nm in length in the matrix,and the fracture mechanism is quasi-cleavage fracture combining with ductile fracture.Tempering at temperature from 300to 400℃results in the primary quasi-cleavagefracture due to the carbide transformation from resolved retained austenite and impurity segregation between laths or blocks.However,when the tempering temperature is higher than 500℃,the hardness（HV）is lower than 330 and the fracture mechanism changes to ductile fracture due to the spheroidization and coarsening of cementite.Additions of Mo and Ni have no significant effects on the carbides morphologies at low tempering temperatures,but improve the resistance to softening and embrittling for steels when tempered at above 350℃.