Nowadays it is common to see inefficiency and time-consuming in English learning for Chinese learners. This paper makes a brief analysis of this phenomenon from two major aspects: internal factors and external factors...Nowadays it is common to see inefficiency and time-consuming in English learning for Chinese learners. This paper makes a brief analysis of this phenomenon from two major aspects: internal factors and external factors. The former includes age factor, affective factor, efforts and gift and the mode of thinking. The latter includes linguistic factor, sociocultural factor and the examination system. And then some practical strategies are given on the basis of the Critical Period Hypothesis, considering affective factor, making enough efforts and taking advantage of gift, adapting to different modes of thinking, Krashen's Input Hypothesis, the Whorfian Hypothesis and perfecting the examination system in order to improve the phenomenon.展开更多
College English teaching has been regarded as time- consuming with low efficiency for a long time. This thesis proceeds with the entity of English education in China, deals with the main problems lying in the current ...College English teaching has been regarded as time- consuming with low efficiency for a long time. This thesis proceeds with the entity of English education in China, deals with the main problems lying in the current college English teaching from 3 perspectives, including the nation and society, teachers, and students, and provides 5 suggestions accordingly.展开更多
The remediation of inefficient garden land and defective forest land is one of th</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">e important sources and types of supplementary cultivated land in th<...The remediation of inefficient garden land and defective forest land is one of th</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">e important sources and types of supplementary cultivated land in th</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">e comprehensive land remediation of the whole region. The remediation and development of inefficient garden land and defective forest land will effectively alleviate the multiple pressures faced by cultivated land at present. Taking Zhemu Town, Guilin City, China as an example, on that basis of the data of the third national land survey, using analytic hierarchy process, this paper selects six evaluation factors, including water source, traffic, slope, field concentration, farmland infrastructure and villagers’ will, to study the remediation potential of inefficient garden land and defective forest land in Zhemu Town, and delimits four potential divisions, in order to provide </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">the </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">basis for the arrangement of land remediation projects in Zhemu Town. The results show that the northern, central and western regions of Zhemu Town have great remediation potential.展开更多
This paper takes 2011-2013 Chinese A shares of listing Corporation as the object of study and researchs the problem between internal controls and overinvestment and tmderinvestment.Through this paper, the study find r...This paper takes 2011-2013 Chinese A shares of listing Corporation as the object of study and researchs the problem between internal controls and overinvestment and tmderinvestment.Through this paper, the study find reasonable and effective internal controls can restrain overinvestment and underinvestment, Overall, strengthening the constmclion of internal controls is an effective way to improve the efficiency of corporate investment.展开更多
Based on the Richard Model in 2006,the author classify the Chinese Central Government-Owned Companies(CGOCs),which show the typical characteristics of State-Owned Enterprises(SOEs),by their state of investing into the...Based on the Richard Model in 2006,the author classify the Chinese Central Government-Owned Companies(CGOCs),which show the typical characteristics of State-Owned Enterprises(SOEs),by their state of investing into the sample of Over-Investment(OI)or Under-Investment(UI),then empirically testify how the assessment based on Economic Value-added(EVA)by Chinese State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission(SASAC),and the Discipline Constraints(DCs)of the Communist Party of China(CPC)affect the state of Inefficient Investment(II).The author’s empirical results include those as following:(1)The EVA assessment has significant effect of restraining CGOCs’OI,but the effect is not significant for UI;(2)The DCs show no significant effect of suppressing OI,but significant effect of worsening UI;(3)As far as the moderating effect is concerned,DCs only in a small degree strengthen the function of EVA assessment for suppressing CGOCs’OI,but significantly weaken its function of relieving CGOCs’UI.Based on these empirical proofs,the author proposes that the emphasis of the EVA assessment and DCs should be synergistically shifted to CGOCs’UI,which has important institutional meanings especially under the background of macro-economic going down for a long time.展开更多
词数:474阅读难度:建议阅读时间:5分钟Barely 3 percent of the American work force bikes or walks to work with any frequency,despite the obvious virtues:decreased risks for obesity and diabetes, environmental benefits and...词数:474阅读难度:建议阅读时间:5分钟Barely 3 percent of the American work force bikes or walks to work with any frequency,despite the obvious virtues:decreased risks for obesity and diabetes, environmental benefits and lower transportation costs. Ask people why they eschew(避开)what’s known as active commiting,as many surveys have,and the primary reason cited is time.展开更多
Elasticity of substitution is traditionally estimated while ignoring technical and allocative inefficiencies,which could bias the estimates.We estimate elasticity of substitution for Chinese energy-intensive sectors b...Elasticity of substitution is traditionally estimated while ignoring technical and allocative inefficiencies,which could bias the estimates.We estimate elasticity of substitution for Chinese energy-intensive sectors by incorporating these inefficiencies.The results show most of the sectors are low substitutes between input factors and stress important differences among energy-intensive sectors.Concerning the cross-price elasticity for energy,with respect to capital(labor),the sectors are mainly characterized by weak substitutability or complementary.These imply the production structure is quite rigid and capital cannot be so readily used as a substitute for energy.展开更多
We used the directional output distance function to derive estimates of green inefficiency, shadow prices, and waste costs of three wastes (waste water, waste gas, and solid waste) for thirty regions in China during t...We used the directional output distance function to derive estimates of green inefficiency, shadow prices, and waste costs of three wastes (waste water, waste gas, and solid waste) for thirty regions in China during the 1996-2003 periods. There is an upward trend in green inefficiency in Chinese regions from 1996 to 2003. The green inefficiency score in west area is the lowest but in central and east areas are higher. The costs of wastes have an upward trend in east and central areas but downward trend in west area in the last two observation years.展开更多
It was suggested by Pantanen that the mean squared error may be used to measure the inefficiency of the least squares estimator. Styan[2] and Rao[3] et al. discussed this inefficiency and it's bound later. In this...It was suggested by Pantanen that the mean squared error may be used to measure the inefficiency of the least squares estimator. Styan[2] and Rao[3] et al. discussed this inefficiency and it's bound later. In this paper we propose a new inefficiency of the least squares estimator with the measure of generalized variance and obtain its bound.展开更多
Scale-controlling and technology-upgrading measures are considered effective for mitigating vehicle exhaust emissions.This study investigated the impacts of fuel consumption and vehicle quantities on the total factor ...Scale-controlling and technology-upgrading measures are considered effective for mitigating vehicle exhaust emissions.This study investigated the impacts of fuel consumption and vehicle quantities on the total factor inefficiency in China’s highway transport sector during 2011-2015,based on the Bounded Adjusted Measure Data Envelopment Analysis(BAM-DEA)model combined with natural and managerial disposability scenarios.The results showed that the average global inefficiency(GIE)score of the exhaust emissions(CO,HC,NOx,and PM)was 0.41 under the assumption of natural disposability and 0.23 in the managerial disposability situation.Moreover,the main causes of total factor inefficiency scores from the perspective of natural disposability were road length,fuel consumption,and exhaust emissions,whereas those from a managerial disposability perspective were road length and exhaust emissions.These two results suggested that environmental efficiency can be promoted by increasing the quantities of clean-energy vehicles and high-quality gasoline/diesel consumption.In terms of the spatial distribution of GIE,the scores showed a decreasing trend from China’s northwestern inland regions to its southeastern coastal regions under both natural and managerial disposability.Environmental efficiency in some provinces(such as Yunnan)demonstrated good progress under managerial disposability,but other regions did not(such as Hebei and Ningxia).Thus,each province should choose appropriate strategies regarding vehicle quantities and fuel consumption according to the technical inefficiency scores of differing disposability situations.展开更多
Demonstrating theoretically the possibility that the financial market, albeit incomplete, has equilibrium and that this equilibrium is efficient and has been an important topic at the frontier of the research on gener...Demonstrating theoretically the possibility that the financial market, albeit incomplete, has equilibrium and that this equilibrium is efficient and has been an important topic at the frontier of the research on general equilibrium for financial markets. The paper examines the asymptotic properties of incomplete financial markets taking into accounting the asset structure. The paper deals with a case in which a structure of securities relates to the asymptotic inefficiency.展开更多
文摘Nowadays it is common to see inefficiency and time-consuming in English learning for Chinese learners. This paper makes a brief analysis of this phenomenon from two major aspects: internal factors and external factors. The former includes age factor, affective factor, efforts and gift and the mode of thinking. The latter includes linguistic factor, sociocultural factor and the examination system. And then some practical strategies are given on the basis of the Critical Period Hypothesis, considering affective factor, making enough efforts and taking advantage of gift, adapting to different modes of thinking, Krashen's Input Hypothesis, the Whorfian Hypothesis and perfecting the examination system in order to improve the phenomenon.
文摘College English teaching has been regarded as time- consuming with low efficiency for a long time. This thesis proceeds with the entity of English education in China, deals with the main problems lying in the current college English teaching from 3 perspectives, including the nation and society, teachers, and students, and provides 5 suggestions accordingly.
文摘The remediation of inefficient garden land and defective forest land is one of th</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">e important sources and types of supplementary cultivated land in th</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">e comprehensive land remediation of the whole region. The remediation and development of inefficient garden land and defective forest land will effectively alleviate the multiple pressures faced by cultivated land at present. Taking Zhemu Town, Guilin City, China as an example, on that basis of the data of the third national land survey, using analytic hierarchy process, this paper selects six evaluation factors, including water source, traffic, slope, field concentration, farmland infrastructure and villagers’ will, to study the remediation potential of inefficient garden land and defective forest land in Zhemu Town, and delimits four potential divisions, in order to provide </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">the </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">basis for the arrangement of land remediation projects in Zhemu Town. The results show that the northern, central and western regions of Zhemu Town have great remediation potential.
文摘This paper takes 2011-2013 Chinese A shares of listing Corporation as the object of study and researchs the problem between internal controls and overinvestment and tmderinvestment.Through this paper, the study find reasonable and effective internal controls can restrain overinvestment and underinvestment, Overall, strengthening the constmclion of internal controls is an effective way to improve the efficiency of corporate investment.
文摘Based on the Richard Model in 2006,the author classify the Chinese Central Government-Owned Companies(CGOCs),which show the typical characteristics of State-Owned Enterprises(SOEs),by their state of investing into the sample of Over-Investment(OI)or Under-Investment(UI),then empirically testify how the assessment based on Economic Value-added(EVA)by Chinese State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission(SASAC),and the Discipline Constraints(DCs)of the Communist Party of China(CPC)affect the state of Inefficient Investment(II).The author’s empirical results include those as following:(1)The EVA assessment has significant effect of restraining CGOCs’OI,but the effect is not significant for UI;(2)The DCs show no significant effect of suppressing OI,but significant effect of worsening UI;(3)As far as the moderating effect is concerned,DCs only in a small degree strengthen the function of EVA assessment for suppressing CGOCs’OI,but significantly weaken its function of relieving CGOCs’UI.Based on these empirical proofs,the author proposes that the emphasis of the EVA assessment and DCs should be synergistically shifted to CGOCs’UI,which has important institutional meanings especially under the background of macro-economic going down for a long time.
文摘词数:474阅读难度:建议阅读时间:5分钟Barely 3 percent of the American work force bikes or walks to work with any frequency,despite the obvious virtues:decreased risks for obesity and diabetes, environmental benefits and lower transportation costs. Ask people why they eschew(避开)what’s known as active commiting,as many surveys have,and the primary reason cited is time.
基金financial support provided by the China Natural Science Funding:[Grant Number71673134]sponsored by Qing Lan Project and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities:[Grant Number NJ20150035]
文摘Elasticity of substitution is traditionally estimated while ignoring technical and allocative inefficiencies,which could bias the estimates.We estimate elasticity of substitution for Chinese energy-intensive sectors by incorporating these inefficiencies.The results show most of the sectors are low substitutes between input factors and stress important differences among energy-intensive sectors.Concerning the cross-price elasticity for energy,with respect to capital(labor),the sectors are mainly characterized by weak substitutability or complementary.These imply the production structure is quite rigid and capital cannot be so readily used as a substitute for energy.
文摘We used the directional output distance function to derive estimates of green inefficiency, shadow prices, and waste costs of three wastes (waste water, waste gas, and solid waste) for thirty regions in China during the 1996-2003 periods. There is an upward trend in green inefficiency in Chinese regions from 1996 to 2003. The green inefficiency score in west area is the lowest but in central and east areas are higher. The costs of wastes have an upward trend in east and central areas but downward trend in west area in the last two observation years.
文摘It was suggested by Pantanen that the mean squared error may be used to measure the inefficiency of the least squares estimator. Styan[2] and Rao[3] et al. discussed this inefficiency and it's bound later. In this paper we propose a new inefficiency of the least squares estimator with the measure of generalized variance and obtain its bound.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China[Grant No.72074183]the Humanities and Social Science Foundation of Chinese Ministry of Education[Grant No.20YJC630104]the National Social Science Foundation of China[Grant No.18ZDA052].
文摘Scale-controlling and technology-upgrading measures are considered effective for mitigating vehicle exhaust emissions.This study investigated the impacts of fuel consumption and vehicle quantities on the total factor inefficiency in China’s highway transport sector during 2011-2015,based on the Bounded Adjusted Measure Data Envelopment Analysis(BAM-DEA)model combined with natural and managerial disposability scenarios.The results showed that the average global inefficiency(GIE)score of the exhaust emissions(CO,HC,NOx,and PM)was 0.41 under the assumption of natural disposability and 0.23 in the managerial disposability situation.Moreover,the main causes of total factor inefficiency scores from the perspective of natural disposability were road length,fuel consumption,and exhaust emissions,whereas those from a managerial disposability perspective were road length and exhaust emissions.These two results suggested that environmental efficiency can be promoted by increasing the quantities of clean-energy vehicles and high-quality gasoline/diesel consumption.In terms of the spatial distribution of GIE,the scores showed a decreasing trend from China’s northwestern inland regions to its southeastern coastal regions under both natural and managerial disposability.Environmental efficiency in some provinces(such as Yunnan)demonstrated good progress under managerial disposability,but other regions did not(such as Hebei and Ningxia).Thus,each province should choose appropriate strategies regarding vehicle quantities and fuel consumption according to the technical inefficiency scores of differing disposability situations.
文摘Demonstrating theoretically the possibility that the financial market, albeit incomplete, has equilibrium and that this equilibrium is efficient and has been an important topic at the frontier of the research on general equilibrium for financial markets. The paper examines the asymptotic properties of incomplete financial markets taking into accounting the asset structure. The paper deals with a case in which a structure of securities relates to the asymptotic inefficiency.
