工业数据由于技术故障和人为因素通常导致数据异常,现有基于约束的方法因约束阈值设置的过于宽松或严格会导致修复错误,基于统计的方法因平滑修复机制导致对时间步长较远的异常值修复准确度较低.针对上述问题,提出了基于奖励机制的最小...工业数据由于技术故障和人为因素通常导致数据异常,现有基于约束的方法因约束阈值设置的过于宽松或严格会导致修复错误,基于统计的方法因平滑修复机制导致对时间步长较远的异常值修复准确度较低.针对上述问题,提出了基于奖励机制的最小迭代修复和改进WGAN混合模型的时序数据修复方法.首先,在预处理阶段,保留异常数据,进行信息标注等处理,从而充分挖掘异常值与真实值之间的特征约束.其次,在噪声模块提出了近邻参数裁剪规则,用于修正最小迭代修复公式生成的噪声向量.将其传递至模拟分布模块的生成器中,同时设计了一个动态时间注意力网络层,用于提取时序特征权重并与门控循环单元串联组合捕捉不同步长的特征依赖,并引入递归多步预测原理共同提升模型的表达能力;在判别器中设计了Abnormal and Truth奖励机制和Weighted Mean Square Error损失函数共同反向优化生成器修复数据的细节和质量.最后,在公开数据集和真实数据集上的实验结果表明,该方法的修复准确度与模型稳定性显著优于现有方法.展开更多
这是希瑟做任课老师的最后一个学期,学生们给她送了小礼物作为纪念。一个小男孩犹豫了,他在想办法让老师知道他有多在乎她。主题语境:日常生活篇幅:347词建议用时:7分钟。1 When it comes to gifts,we often say it's the thought t...这是希瑟做任课老师的最后一个学期,学生们给她送了小礼物作为纪念。一个小男孩犹豫了,他在想办法让老师知道他有多在乎她。主题语境:日常生活篇幅:347词建议用时:7分钟。1 When it comes to gifts,we often say it's the thought that counts.While this can be said humorously at times,Heather Benoit is here to remind us of the truth behind this sentiment.Over a decade ago,this teacher was given a crayon by one of her students.展开更多
国内围绕旅游发展权益分配的不公平和不公正现象已呈常态化。利益相关者之间权力结构失衡和调节保障机制缺位,愈益成为制约旅游目的地可持续发展的关键因素。旅游发展所引发的利益关系调整主要是在资本、政府与地方三者之间,旅游决策和...国内围绕旅游发展权益分配的不公平和不公正现象已呈常态化。利益相关者之间权力结构失衡和调节保障机制缺位,愈益成为制约旅游目的地可持续发展的关键因素。旅游发展所引发的利益关系调整主要是在资本、政府与地方三者之间,旅游决策和利益分配更多是在资本和权力主导下进行,地方社区往往处于被动、失语和边缘化状态。过往学者更多从公平交易（fare trade）、社区参与、社区赋权等概念角度关注地方在旅游发展中的失权问题,藉由向权力诉说真理（speak truth to power）为弱势群体发声,展开更多
Spectrum auction is an important approach of spectrum distribution in cognitive radio networks. However, a single secondary user(SU) probably can't afford the price of spectrum. Multiple SUs grouping together to p...Spectrum auction is an important approach of spectrum distribution in cognitive radio networks. However, a single secondary user(SU) probably can't afford the price of spectrum. Multiple SUs grouping together to participate in the auction as a whole is helpful to increase purchasing power. However, SUs could suffer from a new group cheating problem, i.e., parts of users conspire to manipulate the auction by submitting untruthful bids. Existing auction mechanisms were mainly designed to be strategy-proof only for individual user and can't deal with group cheating. In this paper, a novel spectrum auction mechanism called COSTAG(COst Sharing based Truthful Auction with Group-buying) is proposed to address the group cheating problem. COSTAG consists of a grouping rule to perform grouping and a payment rule to determine the market-clearing price in the spectrum auction. Different from single-echelon pricing approach employed in existing works, a multi-echelon pricing strategy is designed to increase the transaction rate and optimize social profit for the auction. Comprehensive theoretical analysis shows that COSTAG can satisfy the crucial economic robustness properties, both individual and group truthfulness. Simulations demonstrate that comparing with existing works, COSTAG can improve the system performance significantly.展开更多
一、环保纪录片的里程碑关于环保的纪录片多是欧美发达国家拍摄的,例如:《可爱的动物(Animals Are Beautiful People)》(1974,南非)、《野鸟世界(The Life of Birds)》(1998,英国)、《地球公民(Earthlings)》(2005,美国)、《地球脉动(Pl...一、环保纪录片的里程碑关于环保的纪录片多是欧美发达国家拍摄的,例如:《可爱的动物(Animals Are Beautiful People)》(1974,南非)、《野鸟世界(The Life of Birds)》(1998,英国)、《地球公民(Earthlings)》(2005,美国)、《地球脉动(Planet Earth)》(2006,英国)、《难以忽视的真相(An Inconvenient Truth)》(2006,美国)、《危险中的星球(Planet in Peril)》(2007,美国)、《自然界大事件(Nature’s Great Events)》(2009,英国)、《人类星球(Human Planet)》(2011,英国)、《家园(Home)》(2011,展开更多
William Wordsworth is one of the best known English poets in literary history. As an arch romanticist, Wordsworth is generally known as a poet of Nature, because he not only describes Nature and ordinary people who li...William Wordsworth is one of the best known English poets in literary history. As an arch romanticist, Wordsworth is generally known as a poet of Nature, because he not only describes Nature and ordinary people who live in close touch with her, but also discloses the truth about Nature. He contributes a lot to the world literature.展开更多
Ethos and logos of the Jain thought and practice （world view） is based on reality perceived by senses. Atheistic roots of Jain Dharm have nourished growth, maintained viability and vitality, and kept it relevant for...Ethos and logos of the Jain thought and practice （world view） is based on reality perceived by senses. Atheistic roots of Jain Dharm have nourished growth, maintained viability and vitality, and kept it relevant for over the last five millennia. Unlike Judeo-Christian-Islam or Brahminical faith, it does not rely on omniscient supreme or god. Its atheistic and anti-theistic thrust is generally known, yet its followers do not call themselves Nastik （non-believers）. They emphasize action-consequence relations as guide for successful behaviors with ethical conduct. The basis of their arguments follows from the Jain logic （Saptbhangi Syad Nay） of evidence based inference with multiple orthogonal affirmed assertions （Jain 2011）. It conserves information by acknowledging the remaining doubt in an inference. It does not assume binary complementation to force closure for deduction with incomplete knowledge which leads to self-reference and loss of information. This approach offers a rational and practical alternative to conundrum of western atheism even though its arguments are logical and consistent with available evidence. It also obviates need to extract religious morality from social mores. Objective truth and knowledge of established generalizations is necessary but not sufficient for subjective searches to shape desires and for what the future ought to be.展开更多
Because ambient seismic noise provides estimated Green’s function （EGF） between two sites with high accuracy, Rayleigh wave propagation along the path connecting the two sites is well resolved. Therefore, earthquak...Because ambient seismic noise provides estimated Green’s function （EGF） between two sites with high accuracy, Rayleigh wave propagation along the path connecting the two sites is well resolved. Therefore, earthquakes which are close to one seismic station can be well located with calibration extracting from EGF. We test two algorithms in locating the 1998 Zhangbei earthquake, one algorithm is waveform-based, and the other is traveltime-based. We first compute EGF between station ZHB （a station about 40 km away from the epicenter） and five IC/IRIS stations. With the waveform-based approach, we calculate 1D synthetic single-force Green’s functions between ZHB and other four stations, and obtain traveltime corrections by correlating synthetic Green’s functions with EGFs in period band of 10–30 s. Then we locate the earthquake by minimizing the differential travel times between observed earthquake waveform and the 1D synthetic earthquake waveforms computed with focal mechanism provided by Global CMT after traveltime correction from EGFs. This waveform-based approach yields a location which error is about 13 km away from the location observed with InSAR. With the traveltime-based approach, we begin with measuring group velocity from EGFs as well as group arrival time on observed earthquake waveforms, and then locate the earthquake by minimizing the difference between observed group arrival time and arrival time measured on EGFs. This traveltime-based approach yields accuracy of 3 km, Therefore it is feasible to achieve GT5 （ground truth location with accuracy 5 km） with ambient seismic noises. The less accuracy of the waveform-based approach was mainly caused by uncertainty of focal mechanism.展开更多
Advancement in field of GIS and Information Technology has taken conservation works and strategies a step further as most conservation works are now dependent on these technologies. The present study explores the pred...Advancement in field of GIS and Information Technology has taken conservation works and strategies a step further as most conservation works are now dependent on these technologies. The present study explores the prediction ability of MAXENT using a very low sample size by applying jackknife analysis over a well defined smaller region and using only climate data. Vanda bicolor is a horticulture important orchid grown in certain patches of North Eastern region of India and the species considered to be “Vulnerable”. Present study reports a distribution prediction model using different geo-climatic parameters for a small area. Model validation by ground truthing gives a significant successful result which clearly defines the ability of MAXENT prediction model to give high success rate (71%) with low training samples. Use of the low sample size over a larger area results in unstable models however application of these samples in smaller radius around the occurrence points could provide good working models.展开更多
It is common knowledge that continental retrieval especially for Qinghai-Xizang Plateau has not been solved todate. In order to explore applicable inverse model and method for continent including the plateau, in this ...It is common knowledge that continental retrieval especially for Qinghai-Xizang Plateau has not been solved todate. In order to explore applicable inverse model and method for continent including the plateau, in this study authors use an improved simultaneous physical retrieval method hereafter referred to as the ISPRM, for computing meteorological parameters from NOAA-10 satellite TOVS data. The retrieval results verified by nearby radiosondesshow that the ISPRM is more applicable for the continental plateau.展开更多
Traffic classification research has been suffering from a trouble of collecting accurate samples with ground truth.A model named Traffic Labeller(TL) is proposed to solve this problem.TL system captures all user socke...Traffic classification research has been suffering from a trouble of collecting accurate samples with ground truth.A model named Traffic Labeller(TL) is proposed to solve this problem.TL system captures all user socket calls and their corresponding application process information in the user mode on a Windows host.Once a sending data call has been captured,its 5-tuple {source IP,destination IP,source port,destination port and transport layer protocol},associated with its application information,is sent to an intermediate NDIS driver in the kernel mode.Then the intermediate driver writes application type information on TOS field of the IP packets which match the 5-tuple.In this way,each IP packet sent from the Windows host carries their application information.Therefore,traffic samples collected on the network have been labelled with the accurate application information and can be used for training effective traffic classification models.展开更多
文摘工业数据由于技术故障和人为因素通常导致数据异常,现有基于约束的方法因约束阈值设置的过于宽松或严格会导致修复错误,基于统计的方法因平滑修复机制导致对时间步长较远的异常值修复准确度较低.针对上述问题,提出了基于奖励机制的最小迭代修复和改进WGAN混合模型的时序数据修复方法.首先,在预处理阶段,保留异常数据,进行信息标注等处理,从而充分挖掘异常值与真实值之间的特征约束.其次,在噪声模块提出了近邻参数裁剪规则,用于修正最小迭代修复公式生成的噪声向量.将其传递至模拟分布模块的生成器中,同时设计了一个动态时间注意力网络层,用于提取时序特征权重并与门控循环单元串联组合捕捉不同步长的特征依赖,并引入递归多步预测原理共同提升模型的表达能力;在判别器中设计了Abnormal and Truth奖励机制和Weighted Mean Square Error损失函数共同反向优化生成器修复数据的细节和质量.最后,在公开数据集和真实数据集上的实验结果表明,该方法的修复准确度与模型稳定性显著优于现有方法.
文摘这是希瑟做任课老师的最后一个学期,学生们给她送了小礼物作为纪念。一个小男孩犹豫了,他在想办法让老师知道他有多在乎她。主题语境:日常生活篇幅:347词建议用时:7分钟。1 When it comes to gifts,we often say it's the thought that counts.While this can be said humorously at times,Heather Benoit is here to remind us of the truth behind this sentiment.Over a decade ago,this teacher was given a crayon by one of her students.
文摘国内围绕旅游发展权益分配的不公平和不公正现象已呈常态化。利益相关者之间权力结构失衡和调节保障机制缺位,愈益成为制约旅游目的地可持续发展的关键因素。旅游发展所引发的利益关系调整主要是在资本、政府与地方三者之间,旅游决策和利益分配更多是在资本和权力主导下进行,地方社区往往处于被动、失语和边缘化状态。过往学者更多从公平交易（fare trade）、社区参与、社区赋权等概念角度关注地方在旅游发展中的失权问题,藉由向权力诉说真理（speak truth to power）为弱势群体发声,
基金partially supported by the National Science Foundation of China (No. 61070211, No. 61003304, No 61501482 and No 61070201)Equipment research foundation (No.6140134040216)the Ph.D. Programs Foundation of Ministry of Education of China (No. 20114307120003)
文摘Spectrum auction is an important approach of spectrum distribution in cognitive radio networks. However, a single secondary user(SU) probably can't afford the price of spectrum. Multiple SUs grouping together to participate in the auction as a whole is helpful to increase purchasing power. However, SUs could suffer from a new group cheating problem, i.e., parts of users conspire to manipulate the auction by submitting untruthful bids. Existing auction mechanisms were mainly designed to be strategy-proof only for individual user and can't deal with group cheating. In this paper, a novel spectrum auction mechanism called COSTAG(COst Sharing based Truthful Auction with Group-buying) is proposed to address the group cheating problem. COSTAG consists of a grouping rule to perform grouping and a payment rule to determine the market-clearing price in the spectrum auction. Different from single-echelon pricing approach employed in existing works, a multi-echelon pricing strategy is designed to increase the transaction rate and optimize social profit for the auction. Comprehensive theoretical analysis shows that COSTAG can satisfy the crucial economic robustness properties, both individual and group truthfulness. Simulations demonstrate that comparing with existing works, COSTAG can improve the system performance significantly.
文摘一、环保纪录片的里程碑关于环保的纪录片多是欧美发达国家拍摄的,例如:《可爱的动物(Animals Are Beautiful People)》(1974,南非)、《野鸟世界(The Life of Birds)》(1998,英国)、《地球公民(Earthlings)》(2005,美国)、《地球脉动(Planet Earth)》(2006,英国)、《难以忽视的真相(An Inconvenient Truth)》(2006,美国)、《危险中的星球(Planet in Peril)》(2007,美国)、《自然界大事件(Nature’s Great Events)》(2009,英国)、《人类星球(Human Planet)》(2011,英国)、《家园(Home)》(2011,
文摘William Wordsworth is one of the best known English poets in literary history. As an arch romanticist, Wordsworth is generally known as a poet of Nature, because he not only describes Nature and ordinary people who live in close touch with her, but also discloses the truth about Nature. He contributes a lot to the world literature.
文摘Ethos and logos of the Jain thought and practice （world view） is based on reality perceived by senses. Atheistic roots of Jain Dharm have nourished growth, maintained viability and vitality, and kept it relevant for over the last five millennia. Unlike Judeo-Christian-Islam or Brahminical faith, it does not rely on omniscient supreme or god. Its atheistic and anti-theistic thrust is generally known, yet its followers do not call themselves Nastik （non-believers）. They emphasize action-consequence relations as guide for successful behaviors with ethical conduct. The basis of their arguments follows from the Jain logic （Saptbhangi Syad Nay） of evidence based inference with multiple orthogonal affirmed assertions （Jain 2011）. It conserves information by acknowledging the remaining doubt in an inference. It does not assume binary complementation to force closure for deduction with incomplete knowledge which leads to self-reference and loss of information. This approach offers a rational and practical alternative to conundrum of western atheism even though its arguments are logical and consistent with available evidence. It also obviates need to extract religious morality from social mores. Objective truth and knowledge of established generalizations is necessary but not sufficient for subjective searches to shape desires and for what the future ought to be.
基金supported by Chinese Acadmy of Sciences Fund(No.KCZX-YW-116-1)Joint Seismological Science Fundation of China (Nos.20080878 and 200708035)
文摘Because ambient seismic noise provides estimated Green’s function （EGF） between two sites with high accuracy, Rayleigh wave propagation along the path connecting the two sites is well resolved. Therefore, earthquakes which are close to one seismic station can be well located with calibration extracting from EGF. We test two algorithms in locating the 1998 Zhangbei earthquake, one algorithm is waveform-based, and the other is traveltime-based. We first compute EGF between station ZHB （a station about 40 km away from the epicenter） and five IC/IRIS stations. With the waveform-based approach, we calculate 1D synthetic single-force Green’s functions between ZHB and other four stations, and obtain traveltime corrections by correlating synthetic Green’s functions with EGFs in period band of 10–30 s. Then we locate the earthquake by minimizing the differential travel times between observed earthquake waveform and the 1D synthetic earthquake waveforms computed with focal mechanism provided by Global CMT after traveltime correction from EGFs. This waveform-based approach yields a location which error is about 13 km away from the location observed with InSAR. With the traveltime-based approach, we begin with measuring group velocity from EGFs as well as group arrival time on observed earthquake waveforms, and then locate the earthquake by minimizing the difference between observed group arrival time and arrival time measured on EGFs. This traveltime-based approach yields accuracy of 3 km, Therefore it is feasible to achieve GT5 （ground truth location with accuracy 5 km） with ambient seismic noises. The less accuracy of the waveform-based approach was mainly caused by uncertainty of focal mechanism.
文摘Advancement in field of GIS and Information Technology has taken conservation works and strategies a step further as most conservation works are now dependent on these technologies. The present study explores the prediction ability of MAXENT using a very low sample size by applying jackknife analysis over a well defined smaller region and using only climate data. Vanda bicolor is a horticulture important orchid grown in certain patches of North Eastern region of India and the species considered to be “Vulnerable”. Present study reports a distribution prediction model using different geo-climatic parameters for a small area. Model validation by ground truthing gives a significant successful result which clearly defines the ability of MAXENT prediction model to give high success rate (71%) with low training samples. Use of the low sample size over a larger area results in unstable models however application of these samples in smaller radius around the occurrence points could provide good working models.
文摘It is common knowledge that continental retrieval especially for Qinghai-Xizang Plateau has not been solved todate. In order to explore applicable inverse model and method for continent including the plateau, in this study authors use an improved simultaneous physical retrieval method hereafter referred to as the ISPRM, for computing meteorological parameters from NOAA-10 satellite TOVS data. The retrieval results verified by nearby radiosondesshow that the ISPRM is more applicable for the continental plateau.
基金ACKNOWLEDGEMENT This research was partially supported by the National Basic Research Program of China （973 Program） under Grant No. 2011CB30- 2605 the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China （863 Pro- gram） under Grant No. 2012AA012502+3 种基金 the National Key Technology Research and Dev- elopment Program of China under Grant No. 2012BAH37B00 the Program for New Cen- tury Excellent Talents in University under Gr- ant No. NCET-10-0863 the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants No 61173078, No. 61203105, No. 61173079, No. 61070130, No. 60903176 and the Provincial Natural Science Foundation of Shandong under Grants No. ZR2012FM010, No. ZR2011FZ001, No. ZR2010FM047, No. ZR2010FQ028, No. ZR2012FQ016.
文摘Traffic classification research has been suffering from a trouble of collecting accurate samples with ground truth.A model named Traffic Labeller(TL) is proposed to solve this problem.TL system captures all user socket calls and their corresponding application process information in the user mode on a Windows host.Once a sending data call has been captured,its 5-tuple {source IP,destination IP,source port,destination port and transport layer protocol},associated with its application information,is sent to an intermediate NDIS driver in the kernel mode.Then the intermediate driver writes application type information on TOS field of the IP packets which match the 5-tuple.In this way,each IP packet sent from the Windows host carries their application information.Therefore,traffic samples collected on the network have been labelled with the accurate application information and can be used for training effective traffic classification models.
