Fuzzy Risk Assessment Method for Airborne Network Security Based on AHP-TOPSIS

With the exponential increase in information security risks,ensuring the safety of aircraft heavily relies on the accurate performance of risk assessment.However,experts possess a limited understanding of fundamental security elements,such as assets,threats,and vulnerabilities,due to the confidentiality of airborne networks,resulting in cognitive uncertainty.Therefore,the Pythagorean fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP)Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution(TOPSIS)is proposed to address the expert cognitive uncertainty during information security risk assessment for airborne networks.First,Pythagorean fuzzy AHP is employed to construct an index system and quantify the pairwise comparison matrix for determining the index weights,which is used to solve the expert cognitive uncertainty in the process of evaluating the index system weight of airborne networks.Second,Pythagorean fuzzy the TOPSIS to an Ideal Solution is utilized to assess the risk prioritization of airborne networks using the Pythagorean fuzzy weighted distance measure,which is used to address the cognitive uncertainty in the evaluation process of various indicators in airborne network threat scenarios.Finally,a comparative analysis was conducted.The proposed method demonstrated the highest Kendall coordination coefficient of 0.952.This finding indicates superior consistency and confirms the efficacy of the method in addressing expert cognition during information security risk assessment for airborne networks.

IoT Smart Devices Risk Assessment Model Using Fuzzy Logic and PSO

Increasing Internet of Things(IoT)device connectivity makes botnet attacks more dangerous,carrying catastrophic hazards.As IoT botnets evolve,their dynamic and multifaceted nature hampers conventional detection methods.This paper proposes a risk assessment framework based on fuzzy logic and Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO)to address the risks associated with IoT botnets.Fuzzy logic addresses IoT threat uncertainties and ambiguities methodically.Fuzzy component settings are optimized using PSO to improve accuracy.The methodology allows for more complex thinking by transitioning from binary to continuous assessment.Instead of expert inputs,PSO data-driven tunes rules and membership functions.This study presents a complete IoT botnet risk assessment system.The methodology helps security teams allocate resources by categorizing threats as high,medium,or low severity.This study shows how CICIoT2023 can assess cyber risks.Our research has implications beyond detection,as it provides a proactive approach to risk management and promotes the development of more secure IoT environments.

Risk Assessment of Deep-Water Horizontal X-Tree Installation

Due to the high potential risk and many influencing factors of subsea horizontal X-tree installation,to guarantee the successful completion of sea trials of domestic subsea horizontal X-trees,this paper established a modular risk evaluation model based on a fuzzy fault tree.First,through the analysis of the main process oftree down and combining the Offshore&Onshore Reliability Data(OREDA)failure statistics and the operation procedure and the data provided by the job,the fault tree model of risk analysis of the tree down installation was established.Then,by introducing the natural language of expert comprehensive evaluation and combining fuzzy principles,quantitative analysis was carried out,and the fuzzy number was used to calculate the failure probability of a basic event and the occurrence probability of a top event.Finally,through a sensitivity analysis of basic events,the basic events of top events significantly affected were determined,and risk control and prevention measures for the corresponding high-risk factors were proposed for subsea horizontal X-tree down installation.

Assessment and sequencing of air target threat based on intuitionistic fuzzy entropy and dynamic VIKOR

In view of the fact that traditional air target threat assessment methods are difficult to reflect the combat characteristics of uncertain, dynamic and hybrid formation, an algorithm is proposed to solve the multi-target threat assessment problems. The target attribute weight is calculated by the intuitionistic fuzzy entropy(IFE) algorithm and the time series weight is gained by the Poisson distribution method based on multi-times data. Finally,assessment and sequencing of the air multi-target threat model based on IFE and dynamic Vlse Kriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje(VIKOR) is established with an example which indicates that the method is reasonable and effective.

Spatial assessment for groundwater quality based on GIS and improved fuzzy comprehensive assessment with entropy weights

The objective of the research is to evaluate spatial groundwater quality based on improved fuzzy comprehensive assessment model with entropy weights(FCAEW)in geographical information system(GIS)environment.This paper explores the method of comprehensive evaluation of groundwater and sets up an evaluation model applying GIS and FCAEW.Groundwater samples were collected and analyzed from 29 wells in Zhenping County,China.Six parameters were chosen including chloride,sulfate,total hardness,nitrate,fluoride and color.Better spatial interpolation methods for evaluated parameters are found out and selected according to the minimum cross-validation errors from the interpolation methods.FCAEW model was carried out with the help of GIS which makes the evaluating process simpler and easier and more automatically,effectively,efficiently and intelligently.The result embodies the feasibility and effectiveness of FCAEW in GIS when compared with other comprehensive evaluation methods.

A Fuzzy Set-Based Approach for Model-Based Internet-Banking System Security Risk Assessment

A fuzzy set-based evaluation approach is demonstrated to assess the security risks for internet-banking System. The Internet-banking system is semi-formally described using Unified Modeling Language （UML） to specify the behavior and state of the system on the base of analyzing the existing qualitative risk assessment methods. And a quantitative method based on fuzzy set is used to measure security risks of the system, A case study was performed on the WEB server of the Internet-banking System using fuzzy-set based assessment algorithm to quantitatively compute the security risk severity. The numeric result also provides a method to decide the most critical component which should amuse the system administrator enough attention to take the appropriate security measure or controls to alleviate the risk severity. The experiments show this method can be used to quantify the security properties for the Internet-banking System in practice.

Fuzzy rule based seismic risk assessment of one-story precast industrial buildings

Effi cient tools capable of using uncertain data to produce fast and approximate results are more practical in rapid decision-making applications when compared to conventional methods. From this point of view, this study introduces a risk assessment model for one-story precast industrial buildings by fuzzy logic which builds a bridge between uncertainty and precision. The input, output and relations of the fuzzy based risk assessment model (FBRAM) were determined by reference buildings. The Monte Carlo simulation method was used to handle uncertainties associated with the structural characteristics of the reference buildings. Section dimension, longitudinal reinforcement ratio, column height related to building elevation, confi nement ratio and seismic hazard are regarded as input and the plastic demand ratio is considered as the output parameter by the mathematical formulation of strength and deformation capacity of the buildings. The supervised learning method was used to determine the membership function of fuzzy sets. Fuzzy rules of FBRAM were constructed from Monte Carlo simulation by mapping of inputs and output. FBRAM was evaluated by a group of simulated buildings and two existing precast industrial buildings. Comparisons have shown signifi cant agreement with analytical model results in both cases. Consequently, it is anticipated that the proposed model can be used for the seismic risk mitigation of precast buildings.

Fuzzy synthetic assessment of building fire safety system

A multistage assessment index set is chosen based on the analysis of building fire safety system, whereby the weight of each index is determined through an analy tie.hierarchy process; a fuzzy synthetic assessment model for the building fire safety system is constructed, and the quantified result was obtained by using hierarchy parameter judgment. This fuzzy synthetic assessment method can quantify assessment result of the building fire safety system, so thatthe fire precautions may be accurately adopted, and the serious potential risk may be avoided. The application shows that this method possesses both objectivity and feasibility.

Fuzzy Complex Index in Water Quality Assessment of Municipalities

Donghu Lake in Wuhan is a multipurpose complex water body. However, its eutrophication phenomenon becomes increasingly serious. By making use of detailed and accurate contamination monitoring data and several mathematics models, we probe into the dynamic state of water quality. The year’s average value of major contamination index in Donghu Lake from 2001 to 2008 and fuzzy complex index are used to assess its short-term state of water quality. The results show that its water quality is basically stable in the 4th class of water quality standard GB3838-2002.

Comparative Analysis of Pythagorean MCDM Methods for the Risk Assessment of Childhood Cancer

According to the World Health Organization(WHO),cancer is the leading cause of death for children in low and middle-income countries.Around 400,000 kids get diagnosed with this illness each year,and their survival rate depends on the country in which they live.In this article,we present a Pythagorean fuzzy model that may help doctors identify the most likely type of cancer in children at an early stage by taking into account the symptoms of different types of cancer.The Pythagorean fuzzy decision-making techniques that we utilize are Pythagorean Fuzzy TOPSIS,Pythagorean Fuzzy Entropy(PF-Entropy),and Pythagorean Fuzzy PowerWeighted Geometric(PFPWG).Ourmodel is fed with nineteen symptoms and it diagnoses the risk of eight types of cancers in children.We develop an algorithm for each method and calculate its complexity.Additionally,we consider an example to make a clear understanding of our model.We also compare the final results of various tests that prove the authenticity of this study.

Fuzzy Comprehensive Assessment of Transnational Operation Environment for Chinese Oil Companies

A comprehensive method was developed to assess the transnational operation environment in host countries for Chinese oil companies. This method includes an assessment criterion system of the environment, which is to be scored by the experts. Analytical Hierarchy Process （AHP） and fuzzy mathematical methods were used to make evaluation and get the assessment result and ranking of three host countries.

Fuzzy Assessment Method and Its Application to Selecting Project Managers

Open competition is a new form of the assessment of candidates and selection of project managers. This has many merits compared to the traditional administrative method of appointment. This article introduces a method of fuzzy assessment of project manager candidates. Fuzzy assessment unifies objective qualitative and quantitative appraisal and can be used for improving decision-making in the selection process.

Application of the Fuzzy Comprehensive Assessment Technique to Optimal Selection of Pipeline Design Alternative

s: Regarding the influencing factors in an optimal selection of pipeline design alternative as fuzzy variables with different weights, a fuzzy comprehensive assessment was applied to an optimal selection of the design alternative. Giving the Lanzhou-Chengdu pipeline as an example to explain the process, the result shows that this method is acceptable.

Prioritizing real estate enterprises based on credit risk assessment:an integrated multi‑criteria group decision support framework

Credit risk assessment involves conducting a fair review and evaluation of an assessed subject’s solvency and creditworthiness.In the context of real estate enterprises,credit risk assessment provides a basis for banks and other financial institutions to choose suitable investment objects.Additionally,it encourages real estate enterprises to abide by market norms and provide reliable information for the standardized management of the real estate industry.However,Chinese real estate companies are hesitant to disclose their actual operating data due to privacy concerns,making subjective evalu-ation approaches inevitable,occupying important roles in accomplishing Chinese real estate enterprise credit risk assessment tasks.To improve the normative and reliability of credit risk assessment for Chinese real estate enterprises,this study proposes an integrated multi-criteria group decision-making approach.First,a credit risk assessment index for Chinese real estate enterprises is established.Then,the proposed framework combines proportional hesitant fuzzy linguistic term sets and preference ranking organization method for enrichment evaluation II methods.This approach is suitable for processing large amounts of data with high uncertainty,which is often the case in credit risk assessment tasks of Chinese real estate enterprises involving massive subjec-tive evaluation information.Finally,the proposed model is validated through a case study accompanied by sensitivity and comparative analyses to verify its rationality and feasibility.This study contributes to the research on credit assessment for Chinese real estate enterprises and provides a revised paradigm for real estate enterprise credit risk assessment.

Threat Assessment Method Based on Intuitionistic Fuzzy Similarity Measurement Reasoning with Orientation

The aim of this paper is to propose a threat assessment method based on intuitionistic fuzzy measurement reasoning with orientaion to deal with the shortcomings of the method proposed in [Ying-Jie Lei et al., Journal of Electronics and Information Technology 29(9)(2007)2077-2081] and [Dong-Feng Chen et al., Procedia Engineering 29(5)(2012)3302-3306] the ignorance of the influence of the intuitionistic index's orientation on the membership functions in the reasoning, which caused partial information loss in reasoning process. Therefore, we present a 3D expression of intuitionistic fuzzy similarity measurement, make an analysis of the constraints for intuitionistic fuzzy similarity measurement, and redefine the intuitionistic fuzzy similarity measurement. Moreover, in view of the threat assessment problem, we give the system variables of attribute function and assessment index, set up the reasoning system based on intuitionistic fuzzy similarity measurement with orientation, and design the reasoning rules, reasoning algorithms and fuzzy-resolving algorithms. Finally, through the threat assessment, some typical examples are cited to verify the validity and superiority of the method.

Comparison of Risk Assessment for a Nuclear Power Plant Construction Project Based on Analytic Hierarchy Process and Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process

Recently, plant construction throughout the world, including nuclear power plant construction, has grown significantly. The scale of Korea’s nuclear power plant construction in particular, has increased gradually since it won a contract for a nuclear power plant construction project in the United Arab Emirates in 2009. However, time and monetary resources have been lost in some nuclear power plant construction sites due to lack of risk management ability. The need to prevent losses at nuclear power plant construction sites has become more urgent because it demands professional skills and large-scale resources. Therefore, in this study, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) were applied in order to make comparisons between decision-making methods, to assess the potential risks at nuclear power plant construction sites. To suggest the appropriate choice between two decision-making methods, a survey was carried out. From the results, the importance and the priority of 24 risk factors, classified by process, cost, safety, and quality, were analyzed. The FAHP was identified as a suitable method for risk assessment of nuclear power plant construction, compared with risk assessment using the AHP. These risk factors will be able to serve as baseline data for risk management in nuclear power plant construction projects.

QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF GINSENG BY CHEMICAL FUZZY PATTERN RECOGNITION

A new method of assessing ginseng and screening its bioactive constituents by fuzzy pattern recognition has been proposed.

Risk Assessment M ode of Sale-Leaseback——Based on Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process

Sale-leaseback is paid special focus on for its great application in China in recent years.By giving a detailed analysis,an analysis of the features of sale-leaseback and a study of the risks of it are given in this paper.Then a quantitative analysis of commercial real estate sale-leaseback is carried out.The scientific theoretical analysis is provided in this paper for risk assessment in commercial real estate sale-leaseback mode in China.An effective approach is put forward for sale-leaseback project evaluation and prevention of risk.A useful means is given to supervise commercial real estate sale-leaseback mode for relevant departments and a certain contribution is made to a further sound development of commercial real estate sale-leaseback mode.

Assessment on Agricultural Drought Risk Based on Variable Fuzzy Sets Model

Drought is one of the major natural disasters causing huge agricultural losses annually. Regional agricultural drought risk assessment has great significance for reducing regional disaster and agricultural drought losses. Based on the fuzzy characteristics of agricultural drought risk, variable fuzzy sets model was used for comprehensively assessing agricultural drought risk of Liaoning Province in China. A multi-layers and multi-indices assessment model was estab-lished according to variable fuzzy sets theory, and agricultural drought risk of all 14 prefecture-level cities was respec-tively estimated in terms of dangerousness, vulnerability, exposure and drought-resistibility. By calculating the combi-nation weights of four drought risk factors, agricultural drought risk grade of each city was obtained. Based on the as-sessment results, the spatial distribution maps of agricultural drought risk were drawn. The results shows that eastern cities have lower drought dangerousness than western cities in Liaoning Province totally. Most cities are located in low drought vulnerability region and high drought exposure region. Because of frequent and severe drought since 2000, most cities are located in lower drought-resistibility region. Comprehensive agricultural drought risk presents apparent spatial characteristics, escalating from the east to the west. Drought dangerousness is the most important factor influencing comprehensive agricultural drought risk. Through the spatial distribution maps of drought risk, decision makers could find out drought situation and make decisions on drought resistance conveniently.

Application of Strategic Fuzzy Assessment for Environmental Planning;Case of Bird Watch Zoning in Wetlands

Strategic assessments are a landscape scale assessment and unlike project-by-project assessments which look at individual actions, they can consider a much broader set of issues;for example, a large urban growth area that will be developed over many years or a fire management policy across a broad landscape. Wetlands are important and effective ecosystems for biodiversity protection and improving environmental conditions. Bird watching as tourism and ecotourism activity is a complex process which it is compatible with conservation of wetlands and other aquatic zones. In this research, combination of SWOT analysis and FAHP method base on strategic fuzzy assessment are used for bird watch zoning in Bazangan Lake. By making internal and external matrix for SWOT factors, existing condition was in competitive strategies (ST) in the study area. Offered strategies in this condition were environment restoration to increase in environment resilience against hazards (natural and human), avoiding of land use and land cover changes and presence of ecotourism responsibly especially Bird watching. The sensitivity analysis results did not show any difference within the results of the present study and it was suitable and valid to use for similar situations. Base on the presented medium and short term strategies, it needed to have a short time training program to inform and empower local communities to wetlands partnership management by sharing them in the getting benefits in Bazangan Lake. By using the preferred frame in this study, decision makers can plan for each lake, dam and wetland and determine the best areas for tourist activities like bird watching. Conservation, protection and restoration of environment with its wildlife are guaranteed by using fuzzy assessment to provide reasonable strategies.