Study on Far Field Wave Patterns and Their Characteristics of Havelock Form Green Function

A new mathematical integral representation including five integrals about the far field wave shape fimction of Havelock form translating-pulsating source is obtained by performing variable substitution. Constant-phase curves and propagation wave patterns are investigated by applying stationary phase analysis method to the new representation. Some findings are summarized as follows： （1） when 0〈r 〈0.25 （where r is the Strouhal number）, three types of stationary phase curves corresponding to three propagation wave patterns such as fan wave pattern, inner V and outer V wave patterns, are found in the integral representation. （2） When r 〉0.25, besides three types of wave patterns such as a ring-faning wave pattern, a fan wave pattern and an inner V wave pattern, a new one called parallel wave pattern is also found which not only exists in the integrals about the ring-fan wave and fan wave, but also in the integrals whose interval is [0, 7＇] ~ In addition, Characteristics about these parallel waves such as mathematical expressions, existence conditions, propagation directions and wave lengths are obtained, and cancellation relationships between these parallel waves are stated, which certificates the fact that there are no parallel waves existing in the far field.

Decomposition of the Unsteady Wave Patterns for Bessho form Translating-Pulsating Source Green Function

In order to interpret the physical feature of Bessho form translating-pulsating source Green function, the phase function is extracted from the integral representation and stationary-phase analysis is carried out in this paper. The complex characteristics of the integral variable and segmentation of the integral intervals are discussed in m complex plane. In θ space, the interval [-π/2+φ,-π/2+φ-iε] is dominant in the near-field flow, and there is a one-to-one correspondence between the real intervals in m space and the unsteady wave patterns in far field. If 4τ>1(τ is the Brard number), there are three kinds of propagation wave patterns such as ring-fan wave pattern, fan wave pattern and inner V wave pattern, and if 0<4τ<1, a ring wave pattern, an outer V and inner V wave pattern are presented in far field. The ring-fan or ring wave pattern corresponds to the interval [-π+α,-π/2+φ] for integral terms about k2, and the fan or outer V wave pattern and inner V wave pattern correspond to [-π+α,-π/2) and(-π/2,-π/2+φ] respectively for terms about k1. Numerical result shows that it is beneficial to decompose the unsteady wave patterns under the condition of τ≠0 by converting the integral variable θ to m. In addition, the constant-phase curve equations are derived when the source is performing only pulsating or translating.

Numerical study on the wave pattern characteristic of air layer in cavity and the effects of multiple influence factors

Air-layer drag reduction (ALDR) technology for ship energy saving is getting more and more attention in recent years because of the outstanding drag reduction effect. In order to promote practical application, it is necessary to fully understand the two phase flow characteristics of the air layer. Recent experimental studies have shown that the surface of the air layer presents wave pattern, which has an important influence on its damage risk. However, it is difficult to measure the wave pattern quantificationally due to the interference of equipment. The main goal of the present paper is to investigate the wave pattern characteristic of air layer in cavity using numerical simulation method. On this basis, the effect of flow and geometric influence factors are discussed to understand the key control conditions. A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) numerical method based on Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations and volume of fluid (VOF) interface capturing method is established, and has been successfully applied in the simulation of air layer wave pattern. Both 2-D and 3-D simulations are carried out, aiming at analyzing air-water interface flow and vortex flow directly. Based on the simulation results, several important conclusions about the mechanism of air layer wave pattern can be obtained. Firstly, it is found to be an inherent characteristic that the wave height of the upstream air layer is higher than that of the downstream. The extremely high wave peak is easy to contact with the flat plate, leading to the breakup of air layer and a “central blank area” phenomenon. With the help of flow analysis, it is found that this characteristic is mainly caused by the strong counterclockwise vortex behind the bow wedge block. Secondly, the air layer stability is reduced with the increase of water flow velocity by affecting the wave height. There is a saturation point of air flow rate to reach maximum thickness of air layer. Thirdly, cavity configuration has obvious influence on air layer stability by influencing vortex flow field. The increase of cavity depth and width can aggravate the unsteady and nonlinear characteristics of air layer. Finally, comprehensive design criteria are concluded from the view of geometrical configuration and flow conditions. A cavity with the moderate depth and width can avoid the upstream damage of air layer. Longitudinal position of air nozzles should be set within the low pressure zone behind the wedge block for stable air layer formation.

Capillary-gravity ship wave patterns

Ship wave pattern is a fascinating research topic in the fields of marine hydrodynamics and water waves. Within the pure-gravity wave theory, the ship wave pattern composed of transverse waves and divergent waves appearing on the downstream is confined within a sector symmetrical about the ship track with a half-angle 19°28＇. However, when the surface tension is accounted for, the wave pattern is greatly modified especially at a low translating speed. Besides the minimum speed of capillary waves c_（min）= 0.23 m/s below which waves cannot be generated, there is another critical speed c_（div）= 0.45 m/s associated with the disappearance of divergent waves. In the present paper, the wave patterns created by a steadily translating source are studied, and they are examined with the crestlines obtained from the asymptotic analysis.

Propagation of Surface Wave Along a Thin Plasma Column and Its Radiation Pattern

Propagation of the surface waves along a two-dimensional plasma column and the far-field radiation patterns are studied in thin column approximation. Wave phase and attenuation coefficients are calculated for various plasma parameters. The radiation patterns are shown. Results show that the radiation patterns are controllable by flexibly changing the plasma length and other parameters in comparison to the metal monopole antenna. It is meaningful and instructional for the optimization of the plasma antenna design.

Complex wave excitations general （2＋1）-dimensional and chaotic patterns for a Korteweg-de Vries system

Starting from an improved mapping approach and a linear variable separation approach, a new family of exact solutions （including solitary wave solutions, periodic wave solutions and rational function solutions） with arbitrary functions for a general （2＋1）-dimensional Korteweg de solutions, we obtain some novel dromion-lattice solitons, system Vries system （GKdV） is derived. According to the derived complex wave excitations and chaotic patterns for the GKdV

The patterns of surface capillary-gravity short-crested waves with uniform current fields in coastal waters

A fully three-dimensional surface gravitycapillary short-crested wave system is studied as two progressive wave-trains of equal amplitude and frequency, which are collinear with uniform currents and doubly-periodic in the horizontal plane, are propagating at an angle to each other. The first- and second-order asymptotic analytical solutions of the short-crested wave system are obtained via a perturbation expansion in a small parameter associated with the wave steepness, therefore depicting a series of typical three-dimensional wave patterns involving currents, shallow and deep water, and surface capillary waves, and comparing them with each other.

Doubly periodic patterns of modulated hydrodynamic waves:exact solutions of the Davey-Stewartson system

Exact doubly periodic standing wave patterns of the Davey-Stewartson （DS） equations are derived in terms of rational expressions of elliptic functions.In fluid mechanics,DS equations govern the evolution of weakly nonlinear,free surface wave packets when long wavelength modulations in two mutually perpendicular,horizontal directions are incorporated.Elliptic functions with two different moduli （periods） are necessary in the two directions.The relation between the moduli and the wave numbers constitutes the dispersion relation of such waves.In the long wave limit,localized pulses are recovered.

Cluster model for wave patterns of a 3D vertically vibrated granular system

Based on the cluster model for wave-like motions of a 2D vertically vibrated granular system we established previously (Chin Phys Lett,2010,27:124501),a generalization of the cluster model for a 3D granular system is presented in this paper.The 3D cluster model proposes frustums of pyramids as clusters of the 3D granular system,and explains wave patterns as the result of the cluster-boundary and cluster-plate collisions.By analyzing the movement of one cluster in a collision period,we derive a basic equation,which relates the internal characteristic parameter to the external driving parameters.The theoretical results reproduce the behaviors of wave patterns as changes in the driving parameters,and the 3D dispersion relation,which agree with the experimental results.

Evolution of spiral wave and pattern formation in a vortical polarized electric field

In this paper, the evolution of the pattern transition induced by the vortical electric field （VEF） is investigated. Firstly, a scheme is suggested to generate the VEF by changing the spatial magnetic field. Secondly, the VEF is imposed on the whole medium, and the evolutions of the spiral wave and the spatiotemporal chaos are investigated by using the numerical simulation. The result confirms that the drift and the breakup of the spiral wave and the new net-like pattern are observed when different polarized fields are imposed on the whole medium respectively. Finally, the pattern transition induced by the polarized field is discussed theoretically.

Interfacial wave patterns and their transitions in gas-liquid two-phase flow through horizontal ducts

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The Rossby wave train patterns forced by shallower and deeper Tibetan Plateau atmospheric heat-source in summer in a linear baroclinic model

By using a linear baroclinic model(LBM),this study investigates the different Rossby wave train(RWT)patterns associated with the Tibetan Plateau(TP)upper-atmospheric heat source(TPUHS)that is anomalously shallower and deeper in boreal summer.Observational results indicate the different RWT patterns between the developing and decaying periods of synoptic TPUHS events,when the anomalous TPUHS develops from a relatively shallower to a deeper TP heat source.Based on the different vertical heating profiles between these two periods in observation,this study forces the LBM with prescribed TPUHS profiles to mimic a shallower and deeper summer TP heat source.The results show that the atmospheric responses to a shallower and deeper TPUHS do exhibit different RWT patterns that largely resemble those in observation.Namely,corresponding RWT pattern to a shallower TPUHS stretches from the TP to the west coast of America,while that to a deeper TPUHS extends from the TP region to Alaska.

SOME PROPERTIES OF FAR FIELD PATTERNS OF ACOUSTIC WAVES IN AN INHOMOGENEOUS MEDIUM

In this paper, by using functional analysis and integral equation method, we obtain some results about the properties of far field of acoustic waves in an inhomogeneous medium. And we also discuss some ill-posed inverse scattering problems by Tikhonov regularization method.

Three-dimensional interfacial wave theory of dendritic growth: (Ⅱ). non-axi-symmetric global wave modes and selection criterion of pattern formation

This paper is ttie continuation of part （Ⅰ）, which completes the derivations of the 3D global wave modes solutions, yields the stability criterion and, on the basis of the results obtained, demonstrates the selection criterion of pattern formation.

Experimental Study on the Attenuation Law of Vibration Wave Propagation in Natural Gas Wells in Coal-Gas Cross-Mining Area

Aiming at the safety distance between coal mining working face and natural gas wells in the cross-mining area of multiple mineral resources, the cross- mining area of gas and coal resources in the Ordos Basin is taken as the engineering background. An anti-collision early warning technology method based on vibration wave propagation attenuation monitoring is proposed to prevent collision accidents between road headers and natural gas wells. Through the steel pipe and steel pipe concrete knocking vibration test and underground digging vibration test, the research results show that: The exponential decay coefficients of the vibration wave in steel pipe, steel pipe concrete and coal rock respectively are 0.1, 0.1140 and 0.03, which are all in accordance with the exponential decay law, and the vibration wave firstly decays sharply and then decays slowly;the formula for the distance from the road header to the natural gas well was derived based on the vibration attenuation formula, to provide a new method for realizing the problem of precise and coordinated extraction by surface monitoring of the distance from down hole road headers to gas wells, collision prevention prediction and warning and prevention of collision of extraction equipment with gas wells.

麦克风集群网络模型及其障碍物识别中的应用

基于声学基本原理和抽象空间的网络结构方法,开发了一种创新的障碍物检测系统,其结构包括硬件终端、多声路网络模型和分类器。硬件终端由立体式分布的麦克风节点、数据采集卡和工控机组成。多声路网络模型能够基于多路声波信号建立网络结构,并提取和计算多路声波复杂信号中的有效信息。分类器采用主成分分析方法(Principal Component Analysis,PCA)对提取的有效信息进行降维处理,再采用监督学习方法实现对环境的分类和识别。该系统的开发不仅为汽车自动驾驶、机器人导航和无人机等领域提供了重要的技术支持,而且为智能导航和自动化领域的技术发展提供了新的可能性。未来的工作将进一步优化系统性能,提高其应用的广泛性和经济效益。

烘丝尾气冷凝液致香成分的吸附浓缩

烘丝过程蒸发的致香成分在冷凝液中低浓度存在,回收利用困难。测定了烘丝尾气冷凝液主要致香成分和浓度;选择代表性香味成分,考察吸附法富集的可行性。实验表明,苯乙醇、二氢大马酮、糠醛在HP-20大孔树脂中吸附符合拟二级动力学,吸附等温线可以用Freundlich或Langmuir方程表征;吸附为自发吸热过程。实验考察了固定床动态吸附特性,恒定波模型可较好表征吸附进程。研究表明,大孔树脂吸附结合乙醇洗脱,能有效提浓和回收致香成分。

RL、RC串联电路的暂态过程仿真

RL和RC是在电器件中十分常见的电路,在充放电时,这两种电路电压变化有瞬时暂态效应。实验测量电路暂态过程时,有信号捕捉失败的情况出现,特别是放电过程的暂态信号。而利用MATLAB仿真RL、RC串联电路暂态过程中电压随时间的变化规律,很好的弥补了在实验操作中信号畸形或丢失的缺点。

声表面驻波局部图案化微操控方法

针对目前声表面驻波微操控方法在微流道的完整宽度上形成驻波图案,缺乏实现区域化操控的可行性的问题,量化分析了短脉冲激发的声表面波在声学微操控结构中产生与控制局部微粒图案的方法。通过对单指对叉指换能器机械波形的加式合成,建立了短脉冲激励下的波形传播解析模型,结合有限元方法建立立式声表面波微操控器件的全截面仿真模型,研究对激励信号施加脉冲延迟和频率调制时,微操控器件的时均基底位移以及微流道内声场分布的变化规律。为验证理论模型,制作微操控器件进行实验测试。结果表明,通过修改激励信号的相对时延和有效脉冲时间,可以有效地控制声场中生成驻波区域的位置及宽度,二者均呈线性正相关,与理论及仿真结果相符。

元青花水波纹构图来源及其流行原因初探

通过对传世馆藏和考古发掘出土带有水波纹装饰元青花瓷资料的收集和整理,可知元青花瓷上水波纹样式多达三类五种。然后,运用图像学研究方法和对比研究法,将上述水波纹与其他中国工艺美术品上同类纹饰进行比较,以此揭示出各类水波纹构图来源多样性,尤以南宋马远所绘《水图》影响最大。然后,结合文献资料,论证了元青花瓷上典型水波纹流行背后原因可能与1330年中期至1352年之间文人画复古之风兴起有关。