Effects of Functional Organic Materials on Fresh Weight,Quality,Single-melon Weight and SPAD Value of Watermelon

[Objectives]This study was conducted to explore a functional organic material formula suitable for watermelon cultivation with high quality,high yield and high efficiency.[Methods]Four treatments were set in the experiment,namely four functional organic materials,garlic straw treatment(T_(1)),onion straw treatment(T_(2)),garlic straw+sheep manure treatment(T_(3))and onion straw+chicken manure treatment(T_(4)),to investigate the effects of different functional organic materials on fresh weight,quality,single-melon weight and SPAD value of watermelon.[Results]The effects of different functional organic materials on fresh weight,quality,single-melon weight and SPAD value of watermelon were quite different.The fresh weight,quality,single-melon weight and SPAD value of watermelon were higher in treatment T_(3)applying garlic straw and sheep manure and treatment T_(4)applying onion straw and chicken manure than in treatment T_(1)applying garlic straw and treatment T_(2)applying onion straw.Specifically,the fresh weight of whole plant was the highest in treatment T_(3),followed by treatment T_(4),and the values of the two treatments increased by 12.83%and 5.94%respectively compared with treatment T_(1);the weight of single melon was the highest in treatment T_(3),followed by treatment T_(4),and the values of the two treatments increased by 42.45%and 31.77%respectively compared with treatment T_(2);and the SPAD values of treatments T_(3)and T_(4)were significantly higher than those of treatments T_(1)and T_(2),and the value of treatment T_(3)was the largest.[Conclusions]This study provides theoretical support for the popularization and application of fertilization techniques combining organic fertilizers and reduced chemical fertilizers for watermelon.

Missing Value Imputation for Radar-Derived Time-Series Tracks of Aerial Targets Based on Improved Self-Attention-Based Network

The frequent missing values in radar-derived time-series tracks of aerial targets(RTT-AT)lead to significant challenges in subsequent data-driven tasks.However,the majority of imputation research focuses on random missing(RM)that differs significantly from common missing patterns of RTT-AT.The method for solving the RM may experience performance degradation or failure when applied to RTT-AT imputation.Conventional autoregressive deep learning methods are prone to error accumulation and long-term dependency loss.In this paper,a non-autoregressive imputation model that addresses the issue of missing value imputation for two common missing patterns in RTT-AT is proposed.Our model consists of two probabilistic sparse diagonal masking self-attention(PSDMSA)units and a weight fusion unit.It learns missing values by combining the representations outputted by the two units,aiming to minimize the difference between the missing values and their actual values.The PSDMSA units effectively capture temporal dependencies and attribute correlations between time steps,improving imputation quality.The weight fusion unit automatically updates the weights of the output representations from the two units to obtain a more accurate final representation.The experimental results indicate that,despite varying missing rates in the two missing patterns,our model consistently outperforms other methods in imputation performance and exhibits a low frequency of deviations in estimates for specific missing entries.Compared to the state-of-the-art autoregressive deep learning imputation model Bidirectional Recurrent Imputation for Time Series(BRITS),our proposed model reduces mean absolute error(MAE)by 31%~50%.Additionally,the model attains a training speed that is 4 to 8 times faster when compared to both BRITS and a standard Transformer model when trained on the same dataset.Finally,the findings from the ablation experiments demonstrate that the PSDMSA,the weight fusion unit,cascade network design,and imputation loss enhance imputation performance and confirm the efficacy of our design.

Importance of b value in diffusion weighted imaging for the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer

AIM:To investigate the use of multi-b-value diffusionweighted imaging in diagnosing pancreatic cancer.METHODS:We retrospectively analyzed 33 cases of pancreatic cancer and 12 cases of benign pancreatic tumors at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University from December 2008 to January2011.The demographic characteristics,clinical presentation,routine magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion weighted imaging(DWI)features with different b values were reviewed.Continuous data were expressed as mean±SD.Comparisons between pancreatic cancer and benign pancreatic tumors were performed using the Student’s t test.A probability of P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.RESULTS:Thirty-three patients with pancreatic cancer were identified.The mean age at diagnosis was 60±5.6 years.The male:female ratio was 21:12.Twenty cases were confirmed by surgical resection and 13 by biopsy of metastases.T1 weighted images demonstrated a pancreatic head mass in 16 patients,a pancreatic body mass in 10 cases,and a pancreatic tail mass with pancreatic atrophy in 7 cases.Eight patients had hepatic metastases,13 had invasion or envelopment of mesenteric vessels,4 had bone metastases,and 8had lymph node metastases.DWI demonstrated an irregular intense mass with unclear margins.Necrotic tissue demonstrated an uneven low signal.A b of 1100s/mm2was associated with a high intensity signal with poor anatomical delineation.A b of 700 s/mm2was associated with apparent diffusion coefficients(ADCs)that were useful in distinguishing benign and malignant pancreatic tumors(P<0.05).b values of 50,350,400,450 and 1100 s/mm2were associated with ADCs that did not differentiate the two tumors.CONCLUSION:Low b value images demonstrated superior anatomical details when compared to high b value images.Tumor tissue definition was high and contrast with the surrounding tissues was good.DWI was useful in diagnosing pancreatic cancer.

Evaluating the Derivative Value of Smart Grid Investment under Dual Carbon Target: A Hybrid Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Analysis

With the goal of“carbon peaking and carbon neutralization”,it is an inevitable trend for investing smart grid to promote the large-scale grid connection of renewable energy.Smart grid investment has a significant driving effect(derivative value),and evaluating this value can help to more accurately grasp the external effects of smart grid investment and support the realization of industrial linkage value with power grid investment as the core.Therefore,by analyzing the characterization of the derivative value of smart grid driven by investment,this paper constructs the evaluation index system of the derivative value of smart grid investment including 11 indicators.Then,the hybrid evaluation model of the derivative value of smart grid investment is developed based on anti-entropy weight(AEW),level based weight assessment(LBWA),and measurement alternatives and ranking according to the compromise solution(MARCOS)techniques.The results of case analysis show that for SG investment,the value of sustainable development can better reflect its derivative value,and when smart grid performs poorly in promoting renewable energy consumption,improving primary energy efficiency,and improving its own fault resistance,the driving force of its investment for future sustainable development will decline significantly,making the grid investment lack derivative value.In addition,smart grid investment needs to pay attention to the economy of investment,which is an important guarantee to ensure that the power grid has sufficient and stable sources of investment funds.Finally,compared with three comparison models,the proposed hybrid multi-criteria decision-making(MCDM)model can better improve the decision-making efficiency on the premise of ensuring robustness.

The Effect of a High-Frequency-Hearing-Threshold Weighted Value on the Diagnosis of Occupational-Noise-Induced Deafness

Objective: In order to provide a theoretical basis for the revision of the current diagnostic criteria for occupational noise-induced deafness (ONID), we evaluated the degree of ONID by analyzing different high-frequency-hearing- threshold-weighted values (HFTWVs). Methods: A retrospective study was conducted to evaluate the diagnosis of patients with ONID from January 2016 to January 2017 in Guangdong province, China. Based on 3 hearing tests (each interval between the tests was greater than 3 days), the minimum threshold value of each frequency was obtained using the 2007 edition’s diagnostic criteria for ONID. The speech frequency and the HFTWVs were analyzed based on age, noise exposure, and diagnostic classi-fication using SPSS21.0. Results: 168 patients in total were involved in this study, 154 males and 14 females, and the average age was 41.18 ± 6.07. The diagnosis rate was increased by the weighted value of the high frequencies and was more than the mean value of the pure speech frequency (MVPSF). The diagnosis rate for the weighted 4 kHz frequency level increased by 13.69% (χ2 = 9.880, P = 0.002), the weighted 6 kHz level increased by 15.47% (χ2 = 9.985, P = 0.002), and the weighted 4 kHz + 6 kHz level increased by 15.47% (χ2 = 9.985, P = 0.002). The differences were all statistically significant. The diagnostic rate of the different thresholds showed no obvious difference between the genders. The age groups were divided into less than or equal to 40 years old (group A) and 40 - 50 years old (group B). There were several groups with a high frequency: high frequency weighted 4 kHz ( group A χ2 = 3.380, P = 0.050;group B χ2 = 4.054, P = 0.032), high frequency weighted 6 kHz (group A χ2 = 6.362, P = 0.012;group B χ2 = 4.054, P = 0.032), weighted 4 kHz + 6 kHz (group A χ2 = 6.362 P = 0.012;B χ2 = 4.054, P = 0.032) than those of MVPSF in the same group on ONID diagnosis rate. The differences between the groups were statistically significant. There was no significant difference between the age groups (χ2 = 2.265, P = 0.944). The better ear’s (the smaller hearing threshold weighted value) MVPSF and the weighted values for the different high frequencies were examined in light of the number of working years;the group that was exposed to noise for more than 10 years had significantly higher values than those of the average thresholds of each frequency band in the groups with 3 - 5 years of exposure (F = 2.271, P = 0.001) and 6 - 10 years of exposure (F = 1.563, P = 0.046). The differences were statistically significant. The different HFTWVs were higher than those of the MVPSF values, and the high frequency weighted 4 kHz + 6 kHz level showed the greatest difference, with an average increase of 2.83 dB. The diagnostic rate that included the weighted high frequency values was higher for the mild, moderate, and severe cases than those patients who were only screened with the pure frequency tests. The results of the comparisons of the diagnosis rates for mild ONID were as follows: the weighted 3 kHz high frequency level (χ2 = 3.117, P = 0.077) had no significant difference, but the weighted 4 kHz level (χ2 = 10.835, P = 0.001), 6 kHz level (χ2 = 9.985, P = 0.002), 3 kHz + 4 kHz level (χ2 = 6.315, P = 0.012), 3 kHz + 6 kHz level (χ2 = 6.315, P = 0.012), 4 kHz + 6 kHz level (χ2 = 9.985, P = 0.002), and 3 kHz + 4 kHz + 6 kHz level (χ2 = 7.667, P = 0.002) were significantly higher than the diagnosis rate of the mean value of the PSF. There was no significant difference between the 2 groups for the moderate and severe grades (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Different HFTWVs increase the diagnostic rate of ONID. The weighted 4 kHz, 6 kHz, and 4 kHz + 6 kHz high frequency values greatly affected the diagnostic results, and the weighted 4 kHz + 6 kHz high frequency hearing threshold value has the maximum the effect on the ONID diagnosis results.

Optimal b value of diffusion-weighted imaging on a 3.0T magnetic resonance scanner in Crohn's disease

AIM: To determine the optimal b value of diffusion-weighted imaging for detecting active inflammation in Crohn&#x02019;s disease.

A∞ weight estimates for vector-valued commutators of multilinear fractional integral

In this paper, the authors get the Coifman type weighted estimates and weak weighted LlogL estimates for vector-valued generalized commutators of multilinear fractional integral with w ∈ A∞. Furthermore, both the boundedness of vector-valued multilinear frac- tional integral and the weak weighted LlogL estimates for vector-valued multilinear fractional integral are also obtained.

The Rise of China’s Women’s Basketball Team:An Exploration of Gender Equality in Professional Basketball

This article explores the rise of the Chinese women’s basketball team in professional basketball and its relationship to gender equality issues.In view of the gender differences in salary,market value,social status,and other aspects,the article proposes a series of strategies to promote the realization of gender equality for female basketball players in professional basketball.This article points out that the rise of the Chinese women’s basketball team will lead the process of gender equality and lay the foundation for a more equitable and inclusive future.To achieve this goal,this article highlights the importance of improving the competitive level of female athletes,improving basic education,promoting basketball culture,and promoting gender equality.

Unicity Theorems of Mesomorphic Functions with Three Weighted Sharing Values

In this paper,with the idea of weighted sharing values,we deal with the problem of uniqueness of mesomorphic functions sharing three weighted values.We obtain some theorems which improve the results of H X Yi and W R L.

Functional Dependence of IM and HV Angle in Hallux Valgus Deformity before and after Operative

Hallux valgus is a relatively common and multifaceted complex deformity of the front part of the foot. It is the result of multiple effects of innate (endogenous) and exogenous etiological factors with different degrees of influence. The degree of hallux valgus deformity is usually assessed by radiological values of hallux valgus (HV) and intermetatarsal (IM) angles. The aim of the paper is to justify the definition of hallux valgus deformity as a function of one angle, (HVA or IMA), and then to determine the functional connection and the most suitable function equalizing the values of the angles IMA and HVA. As hallux valgus is a double angulation deformity, the analytically determined connection between the HVA and IMA angles reduces the study of the deformity to the study of function with one argument, and makes the analysis of deformity changes before and after operative treatment simpler. For the determined connections between the angles, the values of linear proportionality coefficients and regression coefficients of corresponding linear functions of analytical equalization of the value of the IM angle and the degree of deformity for a given value of the HV angle were experimentally determined. The obtained results were checked on a sample of 396 operatively treated hallux valgus deformities. The presented analytical approach and the obtained functional links of IMA and HVA enable quantitative observation of the change in the degree of deformity based on the radiologically determined value of these angles, and the established nonlinear function will be useful for evaluating the expected value of the IM angle and the degree of deformity based only on the measured value of the HV angle. .

The Equality Thought in Marx’s Critique of Gotha Program and Its Value in the New Era

The idea of equality is an important part of Marxist theory system and an ideal creed pursued by mankind.Marx’s thought of equality is reflected in the Criticism of Gotha Program.Marx’s criticism of“absolute labor income”elaborates the distribution theory of the two stages of communism.The criticism of“labor determinism”defends the fundamental principle of“production decides distribution”.It criticizes the essence of“free education for all”and puts forward the idea of education equality in an ideal society.In the new era,it is helpful to improve the equality system and protect the basic rights of citizens to review their equality thoughts.What’s more,it is also helpful to develop productive forces Vigorously and consolidate the equal foundation of socialist countries.We will deepen the reform of education and improve the sense of happiness of education equality.

Multi-Criteria Group Decision-Making Method Based on an Improved Single-Valued Neutrosophic Hamacher Weighted Average Operator and Grey Relational Analysis

This paper proposes a multi-criteria decision-making (MCGDM) method based on the improved single-valued neutrosophic Hamacher weighted averaging (ISNHWA) operator and grey relational analysis (GRA) to overcome the limitations of present methods based on aggregation operators. First, the limitations of several existing single-valued neutrosophic weighted averaging aggregation operators (i.e. , the single-valued neutrosophic weighted averaging, single-valued neutrosophic weighted algebraic averaging, single-valued neutrosophic weighted Einstein averaging, single-valued neutrosophic Frank weighted averaging, and single-valued neutrosophic Hamacher weighted averaging operators), which can produce some indeterminate terms in the aggregation process, are discussed. Second, an ISNHWA operator was developed to overcome the limitations of existing operators. Third, the properties of the proposed operator, including idempotency, boundedness, monotonicity, and commutativity, were analyzed. Application examples confirmed that the ISNHWA operator and the proposed MCGDM method are rational and effective. The proposed improved ISNHWA operator and MCGDM method can overcome the indeterminate results in some special cases in existing single-valued neutrosophic weighted averaging aggregation operators and MCGDM methods.

On Weighted Possibilistic Mean,Variance and Correlation of Interval-valued Fuzzy Numbers

In this paper, the concept of weighted possibilistic mean of interval- valued fuzzy number is first introduced. Further, the notions of weighted possibilistic variance, covariance and correlation of interval-valued fuzzy numbers are presented. Meantime, some important properties of them and relationships between them are studied.

Diffusion-weighted Single-shot Echo Planar MR Imaging of Normal Human Prostate Using Different b Values

This study examined the effect of different b values on diffusion-weighted MR imaging （DWI） of human prostate by using single-shot spin echo echo planar imaging （SE-EPI） sequences, observed the normal appearances and measured apparent diffusion coefficient （ADC） values in anatomical regions of normal prostate. Twenty-four healthy volunteers （mean age： 32 y） were studied by using a 1.5T system with a phased array surface multicoil. Two kinds of single-shot SE-EPI sequence were used to perform DWI in the prostate in volunteers, with five b values being 0, 30, 300, 500 to 1000 s/mm2. The image quality with different imaging parameters was analyzed and the ADC values in anatomical regions of normal prostate were measured. DWI of prostate was successfully obtained in all volunteers. The images were of good quality, without artifacts containing pixels within the prostate. The contrast was good between the different anatomical regions of the prostatic gland, i.e., the peripheral zone （PZ）, which exhibited higher signal intensity, and the central gland （CG）. Signal intensity contrast was related to the magnitude of b values. The ADC values in PZ and CG were （1.27±0.22）×10-3 mm2/s and （1.01±0.17）×10-3 mm2/s,respectively. The ADC values were found to be significantly higher in PZ than in CG （P〈0.05, paired t-test）. Significant differences were found between the slice-selecting component and both the read-out and phase-encoding components of the ADC values. It is concluded that SE-EPI is a suitable DWI sequence for human prostate. The contrast between PZ and CG is good when b values are low, while the diffusion and ADC values are accurate when b values are high. ADC values are higher in PZ than in CG in normal prostate. Diffusional anisotropy is present in normal prostatic tissue.

Value of MRI diffusion weighted imaging in localization of prostate cancer with whole-mount step section pathology

Objective To evaluate the value of MRI diffusion weighted imaging in localization of prostate cancer with whole-mount step section pathology. Methods We treated 36 patients using laparoscopic radical prostatectomy from Oct. 2009 to Jun. 2010. Patients who did not have an MRL /DWI examination or a surgical history of pros-

Loss Rate Estimation of Yield and Output Value of Tobacco Leaf Infected by Tobacco Blown Spot (Alternaria alternata)

[Objective] The paper was to study the effect of tobacco blown spot on the yield and output value of tobacco leaf.[Method]The upper,middle and lower leaves in tobacco plant were selected during the harvest period of tobacco to carry out loss rate estimation of yield and output value of tobacco leaf caused by different disease levels of brown spot.Regression correlation analysis was also conducted.[Result]The disease levels of brown spot had extremely significant strong negative correlation with single leaf weight of tobacco leaf,and it had extremely significant strong positive correlation with the loss rate of single leaf weight.The increase speed of loss rate of single leaf weight of middle and upper leaves was obviously faster than that of lower leaves.The loss rates of single leaf weight of upper,middle and lower leaves were 3.18%-28.95%,3.43%-28.88% and 10.07%-26.90%,respectively.The higher the disease level of blown spot was,the lower the yield and output value of tobacco leaf was,and the corresponding loss rate was also higher.Correlation analysis showed that the disease level of blown spot had extremely significant strong negative correlation with the yield and output value of tobacco leaf,and it had extremely significant strong positive correlation with the loss rate of yield and output value.The negative impact of blown spot on the output value of tobacco leaf was far greater than that on the yield.The highest loss rate of the yield of tobacco leaf was 28.56%,while the highest loss rate of output value reached 89.67%.[Conclusion] The study provided theoretical basis for accurately holding the critical period for the control of blown spot,thus reducing the damage on tobacco leaf and improving the output value of tobacco leaf.

Analysis on Grain Traits and Sedimentation Value of Wheat Genotype Heng 9966, Its Parents and Their Closely Related Varieties

[Objective] 7 indictors of wheat genotype Heng 9966, its parents and their closely related varieties were analyzed based on the 1000-grain weight, sedimentation value and traits of selected grains in DUS test, so as to provide references for the protection of variety intellectual property. [Method] Testing comparison and statistical analysis were conducted to the dormant seeds of winter wheat genotype 9966, parents of Liangxing 99 and Liangxing 96 aw well as the closely related variety of the parents, Jimai 22. [Result] Heng 9966 showed a difference of 2 codes in 1000-grain weight and sedimentation value from the above-mentioned 3 genotypes, and the variant analysis reached the extremely significant level of 0.01. And it also showed extremely significant difference at the level of 0.01 with Liangxing 66 in grain length, with Liangxing 66 and Jimai 22 in grain width, with Liangxing 66 in grain area, with Liangxing 66 and Jimai 22 in grain perimeter. [Conclusion] Heng 9966 had significant distinctness from its parents and their closely related variety, and grain shape can be used as a reference indicator for variety distinctness for the protection of variety intellectual property.

Weighted Multi-sensor Data Level Fusion Method of Vibration Signal Based on Correlation Function

As the differences of sensor＇s precision and some random factors are difficult to control,the actual measurement signals are far from the target signals that affect the reliability and precision of rotating machinery fault diagnosis.The traditional signal processing methods,such as classical inference and weighted averaging algorithm usually lack dynamic adaptability that is easy for trends to cause the faults to be misjudged or left out.To enhance the measuring veracity and precision of vibration signal in rotary machine multi-sensor vibration signal fault diagnosis,a novel data level fusion approach is presented on the basis of correlation function analysis to fast determine the weighted value of multi-sensor vibration signals.The approach doesn＇t require knowing the prior information about sensors,and the weighted value of sensors can be confirmed depending on the correlation measure of real-time data tested in the data level fusion process.It gives greater weighted value to the greater correlation measure of sensor signals,and vice versa.The approach can effectively suppress large errors and even can still fuse data in the case of sensor failures because it takes full advantage of sensor＇s own-information to determine the weighted value.Moreover,it has good performance of anti-jamming due to the correlation measures between noise and effective signals are usually small.Through the simulation of typical signal collected from multi-sensors,the comparative analysis of dynamic adaptability and fault tolerance between the proposed approach and traditional weighted averaging approach is taken.Finally,the rotor dynamics and integrated fault simulator is taken as an example to verify the feasibility and advantages of the proposed approach,it is shown that the multi-sensor data level fusion based on correlation function weighted approach is better than the traditional weighted average approach with respect to fusion precision and dynamic adaptability.Meantime,the approach is adaptable and easy to use,can be applied to other areas of vibration measurement.

Ridge estimation iterative solution of ill-posed mixed additive and multiplicative random error model with equality constraints

The reasonable prior information between the parameters in the adjustment processing can significantly improve the precision of the parameter solution. Based on the principle of equality constraints, we establish the mixed additive and multiplicative random error model with equality constraints and derive the weighted least squares iterative solution of the model. In addition, aiming at the ill-posed problem of the coefficient matrix, we also propose the ridge estimation iterative solution of ill-posed mixed additive and multiplicative random error model with equality constraints based on the principle of ridge estimation method and derive the U-curve method to determine the ridge parameter. The experimental results show that the weighted least squares iterative solution can obtain more reasonable parameter estimation and precision information than existing solutions, verifying the feasibility of applying the equality constraints to the mixed additive and multiplicative random error model. Furthermore, the ridge estimation iterative solution can obtain more accurate parameter estimation and precision information than the weighted least squares iterative solution.

Evaluation of diffusion weighted imaging of magnetic resonance imaging in small focal hepatic lesions:a quantitative study in 56 cases

Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) as a new technique of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is used to detect focal hepatic lesions. This study was designed to evaluate the significance of DWI to differentiate focal hepatic lesions less than 3 cm in diameter by the quantitation of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values. METHODS:DWI using 1.5T MRI scanner unit was performed with a spin-echo single-shot echo planar imaging (EPI) in 56 cases of small focal hepatic lesions, including hepatocellular carcinoma (11), hepatic metastatic tumor (15 ), hepatic cavernous hemangioma (14), and hepatic cyst (16).The ADC values of these lesions were calculated respectively. The ratios of the ADC values of lesion/liver in hepatocellular carcinomas and hepatic metastatic tumors were also estimated. RESULTS:The mean ADC values (mm2/s) were (0.93±0.06) ×10-3 in hepatocellular carcinomas, (1.09±0.18)×10-3 in hepatic metastatic tumors,(1.95±0.38)×10-3 in hepatic cavernous hemangiomas, and (3.18±0.33) ×10-3 in hepatic cysts. The ratios of ADC values of lesion/liver were 0.90±0.06 and 1.15±0.14 in hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatic metastatic tumors respectively, which were significantly different (P<0.05). CONCLUSION:The measurement of ADC values and the ratios of ADC values of lesion/liver are helpful in MR diagnosis and differentiation of focal hepatic lesions.