Medium performance effect on the high output energy from a xenon lamp-pumped pyrromethene-567 solid-state dye laser

In order to obtain a high output energy from a xenon lamp-pumped solid-state dye laser, homogeneities of laser mediums and flatnesses of medium faces with different processing treatments are discussed in the paper. The mediums without aging treatment, which are prepared by using a prepolymer process and have diamond-machined end faces to produce the required optical finish, give a highest laser output of 281.9 mJ with 0.215% slope efficiency at 2.0x 10^-4 mol/L. The best medium lifetime is 21 shots to 50% of original output equating 74.6 k J/liter.

Effect of Accelerated Xenon Lamp Aging on the Mechanical Properties and Structure of Thermoplastic Polyurethane for Stratospheric Airship Envelope

This study aimed to investigate the effect of artificial weathering test on the photoaging behavior of TPU films. Changes in mechanical properties, morphology and chemical structures are studied by tensile test, scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, Fourier-transformed infrared, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results show that the photoaging negatively affects the initial modulus and stress at break values of TPU films. The surface of the specimen that is exposed to irradiation becomes rough, and some visible micro-defects such as blisters and voids can be detected. The morphology of the fracture surfaces illustrates that irradiation reduces the plasticity but increases the brittleness of the TPU films. The chemical structure analyses of the accelerated aged films prove that chemical structural changes in TPU films occur. The irradiation may break the long molecular chains on the surface of the specimens and form the lowmolecular weight oxygen-containing groups. The number of chain scissions increases with the increase in exposure time.

Axial Magnetic Field Effects on Xenon Short-Arc Lamps

The effect of an axial magnetic field （AMF） on an old xenon short-arc lamp is experimentally investigated in this work. As the AMF increases up to 18 roT, the visible radiation power and electric power ascend more than 80% and 70% respectively, and the radiation efficiency is improved by 23% for the best increment at 12 mT AMF. The measurement of radiation intensity shows that the increment of radiation intensity comes mostly from the plasma area close to the cathode tip, and partially from the other area of the arc column. Successive images of the arc indicate that the arc column not only rotates about its axis, but revolves around the axis of electrodes with the AMF. The arc column structure is constricted, distorted and elongated as the AMF increases. It is suggested that the improvements of the radiation intensity and radiation efficiency are attributed to the constriction of the arc column, which is mainly induced by the enhanced cathode jet.

Characteristics of xenon-lamp pumped pyrromethene 567-doped dye laser based on polymethylmethacrylater

The solid-state medium containing pyrromethene 567 （PM567） in a polymethylmethacrylate polymer host is shown to lase under the flash lamp excitation. The experimental setup is an ordinary industrial product without special design. The bulk transmission losses, the output energy, and the other lasing properties are compared. The medium with the lowest transmission loss, measured to be 0.392 %/cm at 633 nm, gives a laser output of 130 mJ with a slope efficiency of 0.082%.

Effect of Xenon Arc Lamp Irradiation on Properties of Polymethyl Methacrylate for Aviation

YB-2 aviation polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) is irradiated in a xenon arc lamp weather resistance test chamber for 1620 hours. The tensile strength, light transmittance, surface morphology, relative molecular mass, infrared absorption spectrum and glass transition temperature (Tg) of PMMA exposed in xenon arc lamp for different durations are tested and characterized by universal testing machine, optical haze instrument, scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), gel permeation chromatograph (GPC), fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), so as to comprehensively analyze the influence of xenon arc lamp irradiation on the performance of PMMA. The results reveal that under the effect of 1620 hours xenon arc lamp irradiation and periodic spraying water, the light transmittance and glass transition temperature do not change significantly, and no new chemical group is produced. After irradiated 360 hours, tiny cracks occur in the surface of PMMA, indicating that they occur at a certain degree of degradation, meanwhile, the main chain may be broken and the relative molecular mass of surface of the material decreases. After exposure of 720 hours, the tensile strength decreases about 30%.

PE-LLD散光膜氙灯加速老化行为及机制

农用聚乙烯散光棚膜可在较高透光率条件下提高雾度,将透过膜面的直射光转为散射光,促进膜内植株全维度获取有效光辐射。通过引入散光剂制备线型低密度聚乙烯(PE-LLD)散光膜,实现透光率90.99%、雾度62.29%,较空白对照膜透光率降低0.55%、雾度提高152.60%。耐老化性能是PE-LLD棚膜其他功效性能的基础保证,采用氙灯老化对PE-LLD散光膜进行加速降解,其宏观光学与力学性能变化趋势同空白膜一致,二者断裂伸长率分别在13d时降至初始值40.58%与47.01%(完全老化)。综合考察PE-LLD散光膜加速老化过程化学组成、结晶行为、晶粒尺寸及微观形貌变化规律,其老化过程随降解速度变化分3个阶段:老化前期分子链交联密度上升,二次结晶片段堆砌增大结晶度,降解缓慢;老化中期交联与降解并存,界面处散光剂脱落促使膜面破裂,片晶分布连续性降低,降解速度适中;老化后期分子主链降解加剧,膜面裂纹向纵深延展,力学性能快速降解至完全老化。研究表明,引入散光剂可在不影响PE-LLD棚膜宏观使用功能与老化降解性能的基础上有效提高雾度,实现散射光调控。

Performance Analysis of Plant Shells/PVC Composites under Corrosion and Aging Conditions

To make full use of plant shellfibers(rice husk,walnut shell,chestnut shell),three kinds of wood-plastic com-posites of plant shellfibers and polyvinyl chloride(PVC)were prepared.X-ray diffraction analysis was carried out on three kinds of plant shellfibers to test their crystallinity.The aging process of the composites was conducted under 2 different conditions.One was artificial seawater immersion and xenon lamp irradiation,and the other one was deionized water spray and xenon lamp irradiation.The mechanical properties(tensile strength,flexural strength,impact strength),changes in color,water absorption,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),and microstructures of the composites before and after the two aging experiments were analyzed.The results showed that the chestnut shell had the highest crystallinity,which was 42%.The chestnut shell/PVC composites had the strongest interface bonding,the least internal defects,and the best general mechanical properties among the three composites.Its tensile strength,bending strength and impact strength were 23.81 MPa,34.12 MPa,and 4.32 KJ·m^(-2),respectively.Comparing the two aging conditions,artificial seawater immersion and xenon lamp irradiation destroyed the quality of the combination of plant shellfibers and PVC,making the internal defects of the composites increase.This made the water absorption ability and changes in the color of the composites more obvious and led to a great decrease in the mechanical properties.The general mechanical properties of the chestnut shell/PVC composites were the best,but their water absorption ability changed more obviously.

基于石墨烯可饱和吸收体的Er∶YAG被动调Q激光器

本文研究了一种采用氙灯侧泵方式,并基于石墨烯可饱和吸收体的Er∶YAG被动调Q激光器。首先成功将石墨烯转移至Al_(2)O_(3)衬底制备得到石墨烯可饱和吸收体,并对其进行了形貌、结构及化学状态等性能表征。此外,对基于石墨烯可饱和吸收体的Er∶YAG被动调Q激光特性进行了研究,结果表明单脉冲能量从0.4 mJ增加至7 mJ,输出激光单脉冲宽度从761.2 ns下降至510 ns,最大峰值功率为13.7 kW。激光中心波长位于2935和2945 nm,且主波长在2935 nm处对应的半峰全宽(FWHM)为1.535 nm。沿x和y方向的光束质量因子分别为4.45和5.76。实验结果表明,该研究为推进更低成本、谐振腔设计简单且紧凑的2.94μm波段Er∶YAG激光器的发展提供了有效的参考依据。

喷粉铝合金建筑型材耐老化性能紫外灯快速检测方法的研究

为了获得适合工厂对粉末喷涂铝型材耐老化性能进行质量控制的快速检测方法,研究了紫外灯加速老化试验结果与1 000 h氙灯老化试验结果之间的关系,试验样品为含有不同耐候等级的粉末涂料制成的粉末喷涂铝板,分别测试了组合紫外灯加速老化试验与1 000 h氙灯老化试验的光泽及颜色变化,两种试验结果之间的相关系数为0.85~0.89,216 h的组合紫外灯人工加速老化试验可以近似准确模拟1 000 h氙灯老化试验结果,该试验方法可以作为工厂内部质量控制方法使用。

吊舱式一体化灯抽运固体激光器高效脉冲电源的设计

为了实现机载脉冲激光介质高效抽运电源的小型轻量化,采用一体化结构设计方法,设计了一套为吊舱式灯抽运固体激光器脉冲氙灯提供抽运能量的高效脉冲电源系统。对氙灯放电特性及器件参数进行了理论分析和实验验证,获得了氙灯放电主回路关键器件参数,试制了原理样机并进行了联调实验。结果表明,电源系统总质量约为48 kg,电容充电时间为3.76 s,氙灯放电峰值电流为3.6 kA,电流脉宽为1.06 ms;实际测试数据与理论数据基本一致,脉冲电源系统放电回路参数设计合理。该关键技术具有可行性,采用一体化结构设计方法后,脉冲电源系统体积重量能满足特殊设备的使用需求。

平流层飞艇囊体材料老化测试研究概述

基于对国内外有关囊体材料老化测试研究文献的充分调研,综述了囊体材料老化机理、老化试验方法、试验对象的选取、性能影响表征与评价等方面的研究现状,老化后的囊体材料常用形貌表征、拉伸测试、透氦率表征及化学结构表征等4种表征方法。鉴于当前对平流层飞艇囊体老化研究缺乏统一的评价指标,且大多研究在囊体材料老化性能验证方面存在不足,提出了后续研究的手段和方向,为浮空器囊体材料的可靠性测试研究和发展提供参考。

汽车漆膜龟裂案例模拟分析

主要从常见的家用汽车售后案例——汽车外饰漆膜龟裂着手,通过采用氙灯老化试验方法模拟出汽车漆膜龟裂的状态,再利用显微镜、红外光谱仪等常见的试验工具分析缺陷,从而找出问题原因,提出相应的整改措施,旨在为更多汽车漆从业者提供参考。

开关型脉冲激光电源系统的设计与实现

本文探究了开关型脉冲激光电源系统的设计方案,并通过MTALAB仿真验证其功能的实现情况。根据脉冲氙灯的特性以及脉冲激光电源的工作原理,设计了基于串联谐振型半桥变换器的电能变换主电路,保证电源电压噪声小、稳定性好;同时,使用高频高压变压器降低电磁干扰、提高转换效率。在完成系统设计后,使用MATLAB仿真软件构建系统模型并验证其功能。结果表明,该系统的软启动功能、自保护功能以及缓上电功能可以正常实现,符合设计预期。

模拟湿润炎热气候氙灯试验下的PP+EPDMTD20和TPV 老化性能研究

PP+EPDM-TD20和热塑性硫化橡胶(TPV)广泛应用于汽车外饰件的制造,高分子材料的性能退化在湿润炎热气候下更加严重。文章通过对PP+EPDM-TD20和TPV进行模拟湿润炎热气候下的氙灯试验,研究了这两种高分子材料外观及力学性能的变化趋势。实验结果表明,两种材料在1600 h氙灯照射下,灰度、色差、硬度基本保持不变,光泽度保持率、拉伸强度保持率以及断裂伸长率呈近似指数下降趋势,PP+EPDM-TD20的弯曲模量呈近似指数上升趋势,而TPV呈近似指数下降趋势,拟合出的老化方程可为后续定量研究汽车外饰件的性能退化提供重要的参考价值。

氙灯耐候条件下冲锋衣面料颜色老化性能

以10种不同颜色的冲锋衣面料为研究对象,采用GB/T 35256—2017中的曝晒条件A和B,通过QSUN Xe-3氙灯老化设备,着重探讨了不同耐候条件和曝晒时间对颜色老化性能的影响。结果表明,随着老化时间的延长,曝晒22 h后,样品的颜色褪色越来越明显,耐光色牢度4级的样品要好于耐光色牢度3~4级及以下的样品;曝晒条件A对锦纶织物颜色褪色影响较大,曝晒条件A和B对聚酯织物颜色褪色的影响无明显差异。

镁铝水滑石改善彩色路面薄层色彩耐久性的研究

为改善彩色路面薄层色彩受紫外线辐射褪色较快的问题,通过共沉淀法制备十二烷基硫酸钠插层镁铝水滑石(SDS-LDH),采用XRD、FT-IR、SEM、UV-Vis对样品进行分析表征,并通过氙灯老化试验和ATR-FTIR表征手段,分析了SDS-LDH对彩色路面薄层的色彩耐久性改善情况和作用原理。结果表明:十二烷基硫酸钠插层提升了镁铝水滑石的紫外阻隔性能并降低了其团聚性,将十二烷基硫酸钠插层镁铝水滑石掺入彩色路面涂料中,能降低紫外线对彩色薄层分子结构的破坏作用,降低聚氨酯中氨酯键的分解速度,延缓彩色路面薄层的褪色,有机物插层改性后的水滑石作为彩色路面领域用紫外阻隔材料具有较大潜力。

聚丙烯长丝土工织物水利性能和耐久性研究

优良的水利性能和耐久性是聚丙烯长丝土工织物在水利工程中长期稳定服役的关键,但相关研究数据的缺乏限制了对此类织物的深入理解及产品优化。通过研究不同单位面积质量和添加/未添加抗老化母粒织物的水利性能和耐久性发现:织物的水利性能,随单位面积质量增加而降低;高单位面积质量的织物皮层降解,但中间仍有未降解芯层,表现出耐久性增加的效果;同时,抗老化母粒的添加使织物水利性能稍有降低,但耐久性会显著升高,这归因于抗老化母粒具有阻止羰基形成、捕获自由基和分解过氧化物等作用。该研究为聚丙烯长丝土工织物的基础研究和实际应用提供了关键数据支撑。

PBAT/PLA薄膜的老化行为研究

以聚己二酸-对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBAT)和聚乳酸/(PLA)为原料,采用双螺杆挤出机和吹膜机制得了PBAT/PLA薄膜,通过万能材料试验机、雾度计、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪和差示扫描量热仪研究了氙灯老化和自然老化对PBAT/PLA薄膜力学性能、光学性能、结晶性能、微观结构的影响。结果表明:在氙灯老化和自然老化过程中,随着老化时间的增加,PBAT/PLA薄膜的力学性能和透光率均逐渐下降,失重率和羰基指数均逐渐增大,结晶度均呈现先增大后减小的趋势。当氙灯老化96 h或者自然老化960 h时,PBAT/PLA薄膜的断裂伸长率保持率均小于50.0%,达到失效标准。

聚苯乙烯材料的氙灯与海南自然老化的相关性和加速性研究

为考查聚苯乙烯材料(PS)的在人工和自然老化之间相关性和加速性,在海南湿热环境的5个站点开展自然暴露试验,基于色差变化数据,PS在琼海和临高的老化速率最大。通过开展3种不同条件的氙灯老化试验,比较自然和加速老化的相关性,选出最适合模拟海南湿热环境的氙灯试验条件。再对氙灯老化相对5个站点的自然老化的加速性进行了探讨,结果显示氙灯老化方法1对海口自然老化的加速性最大,加速因子为7.87。

3A级大型脉冲式太阳模拟器的仿真与实现

在光学仿真软件LightTools环境下设计了一种由长弧氙灯、椭球面矩形反射体、光学挡光板等部件构成的大面积、近距离的3A级大型脉冲式太阳模拟器,对椭球面矩形反射体的曲面系数和曲率,以及光学挡光板的大小、形状、位置等参数进行研究与优化,并制造了大型脉冲式太阳模拟器原型系统的实物。实测结果表明:在距离光源4 m位置的辐照面(3 m×2 m)上,平均辐照度在1000±5 W/m^(2)时获得的辐照不均匀度及辐照不稳定度分别低至1.86%和0.289%,在300~1200 nm波长范围内的光谱匹配度为0.91~1.08,达到IEC60904-9:2020标准中关于3A级太阳模拟器的要求。该原型系统的成功研制为光伏、育种、航天等领域的应用提供了技术支持和实践经验,为国家碳达峰及碳中和目标的实现提供了助力。