Protective and Regenerative Efficacy of a Plant Oil-Based Day and Night Cream: Investigated by a Novel Approach to Reveal the Impact of Blue Light Irradiation on Epidermal Barrier Integrity and Lipid Matrix

In recent years, the harmful effects of blue light (400 - 500 nm) as a component of visible light (400 - 700 nm) have increasingly gained attention of science, industry, and consumers. To date, only a few in vivo test methods for measuring the effects of blue light on the skin have been described. A direct measurement method that can detect the immediate effects of blue light on the epidermal permeability barrier (EPB) is still lacking. In this study, we present a new methodological approach that can be used to investigate both the protective and regenerative effects of cosmetic products on the EPB after blue light irradiation. In a study with 14 female volunteers, it was investigated whether the regular application of an O/W emulsion (day cream) can strengthen and protect the epidermal barrier against damaging blue light radiation of 60 J/cm2 (protective study design) and also whether a disruption of the epidermal barrier caused by blue light radiation is restored faster and better by the regular application of another O/W emulsion (night cream) than in product-untreated skin (regenerative study design). The two O/W emulsions are different in plant oil, active ingredient composition and texture. The seven-day treatment with the day cream initially led to a significant increase in the normalized lipid lamellae length in the intercellular space, whereas the irradiation with blue light after 24 hours led to a significant decrease in the lipid lamellae length in the untreated test area, but not in the area previously treated with the product. Regarding the regenerative study design, a two-day treatment with the night cream was able to restore a blue-light-induced decrease in lipid lamellae length in the intercellular space. In summary, with the study designs presented here, the protective and regenerative effect of two cosmetic products could be demonstrated for the first time on the integrity of the EPB after blue light irradiation and the data showed that the Lipbarvis® method is suitable for investigating the damaging effects of blue light on the EPB in vivo.

Proteomic Alterations in Human Dermal Fibroblasts under Photo-Induced Pollution Caused by Excessive Solar Irradiations such as Infra-Red, Blue Light, UVA and UVB

Background: The skin serves as the first line of defense for the human body. Direct sunlight contains damaging radiations that can speed up the ageing process of the skin, resulting in wrinkles, leathery skin, dark patches, and solar elastosis. Objectives: To evaluate the effect of multiple solar irradiation related factors at the protein level in human dermal fibroblast (HDF). The overall effect of individual solar irradiations such as Infrared A (IRA), blue light (BL), UVA, and UVB on HDF cells and the extent of molecular level aberrations to be assessed and compared against each. Methods: Label-free quantitative proteomics (MS/MS) approach has been adopted in this study to observe the protein level changes induced in the HDF cells through various exposures of full light sources. Following that, downstream insilico analysis has been carried out. Results: In this study, it is demonstrated all the four different solar irradiations significantly contribute to the molecular degeneration of skin cells through various mechanisms. This study confirms that BL down-regulates DNA repair proteins and the skin cells-HDF stimulate the histone proteins as a response mechanism to maintain the chromosomal integrity. Conclusions: The proteomics experiment carried out in the current study intends to support the future sun care products based on full light protection technology that can be custom designed to provide complete protection from the solar radiation. Similar technology could enhance the further investigations for deeper understanding of induction, mode of action, and prevention of skin damage from extensive solar irradiation.

Detection of intermediates in the TiO_2-assisted photodegradation of Rhodamine B under visible light irradiation

The photocatalytic degradation of dye Rhodamine B （RhB） in the presence of TiO2 nanostdpe or P25 under visible light irradiation was investigated. The degradation intermediates were identified using Infrared spectra （IR spectra）, ^1H nuclear magnetic resonance （^1HNMR） spectra, and gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy （GC-MS）. The IR and the ^1HNMR results showed that the large conjugated chromophore structure of RhB was efficiently destroyed under visible light irradiation in both the photocatalytic systems （TiO2 nanostfipe or P25 and Rhodamine B systems）. GC-MS results showed that the main identified intermediates were ethanediotic acid, 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, 4-hydroxy benzoic acid and benzoic acid, which were almost the same in the TiO2 nanostdpes and P25 systems. This work provides a good insight into the reaction pathway（s） for the TiO2-assisted photocatalytic degradation of dye pollutants under visible light irradiation.

Fifty Cases of Chloasma Treated by Acupuncture plus Intensive Pulse Light Irradiation

Objective: To observe the clinical therapeutic effect of acupuncture plus intensive pulse light irradiation on chloasma. Methods: Ninety-six cases of chloasma were randomly divided into two groups, the control group of 46 cases treated by simple acupuncture and the treatment group of 50 cases treated by acupuncture and intensive pulse light irradiation. Results: The total effective rate was 89.1% and 98.0% in the control group and treatment group respectively, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusion: For chloasma, the effect of treatment with acupuncture plus intensive pulse light irradiation is superior to that with simple acupuncture.

Study on the mechanism of Yinzhihuang granules, Blue light irradiation combined with Bifid Triple Viable Capsules for neonatal jaundice treatment

Objective:To observe the mechanism of Yinzhihuang granules, Blue light irradiation combined with Bifid Triple Viable Capsules for neonatal jaundice treatment and offer clinical help to neonatal jaundice treatment. Methods:80 children with neonatal jaundice were selected and randomly divided into groups:the observation group (40 children) and the control group (40 children). The patient in the control group were treated with blue light and the patients in the observation group were treated with Yinzhihuang granules, Blue light irradiation combined with Bifid Triple Viable Capsules. Biochemical parameters [TBA (total bile acid), TSB (serum total bilirubin), DB (Direct bilirubin) and TCB (Percutaneous jaundice index)], nerve factor [NSE (neuronspecific enolase), Aβ(βamyloid protein) and S100B (Astrocyte derived protein)] and myocardial enzyme spectrum [LDH (lactate dehydrogenase), CK (creatine kinase) and CK-MB (isoenzymes of creatine kinase)], liver function [ALT (Alanine aminotransferase) and AST (glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase)] and renal function (BUN and Cr) were detected and analyzed before and after treatment. Results:The comparison of Biochemical parameters, nerve factor and myocardial enzymes, liver function and renal function in the two groups before treatment were not statistically significant (P>0.05). Biochemical parameters (TBA, TSB, TCB and DB), nerve factor (NSE, Aβand S100B) and myocardial enzyme spectrum (LDH, CK and CK-MB), liver function (ALT and AST) and renal function [BUN (urea nitrogen) and Cr (creatinine)] in both groups after treatment significantly decreased compared with that before treatment. The changes were statistically significant (P<0.05). Biochemical parameters (TBA, TSB, TCB and DB), nerve factor (NSE, Aβand S100B) and myocardial enzyme spectrum (LDH, CK and CK-MB), liver function (ALT and AST) and renal function (BUN and Cr) in observation group after treatment decreased more significantly compared with that in control group. The difference between two groups was considered to be statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusions:Yinzhihuang granules, Blue light irradiation combined with Bifid Triple Viable Capsules could regulate the Biochemical parameters, protect nerve function and cardiac muscle cells and improve liver and kidney function in newborns with jaundice. So it has a very important clinical significance of the treatment to neonatal jaundice.

Formation and Gas Barrier Characteristics of Polysilazane-Derived Silica Coatings Formed by Excimer Light Irradiation on PET Films with Vacuum Evaporated Silica Coatings

The effects of excimer light irradiation on polysilazane coatings formed on PET films with vacuum-evaporated SiO2 coatings and the effects of these coatings on gas barrier characteristics have been investigated. The temperature during light irradiation has a large effect on the coating’s molecular structure and gas barrier characteristics. When irradiation was performed at 100℃, the polysilazane coating transformed into a silica coating, and a compact silica coating at a much lower temperature than with heat treatment alone was produced. Surface irregularities in the vapor-deposited silica coating were smoothed out by the formation of a polysilazane coating, which was transformed into a compact silica coating when irradiated with light, resulting in a significant improvement in the gas barrier characteristics. The water vapor permeability of the thin coating irradiated with excimer light at 100℃ showed only 0.04 g/m2&bull;day (40℃, 90% RH). According to the results of investigation of temperature variation of water-vapor permeability, it is inferred that the developed film has an excellent gas barrier value, namely, 4.90 × 10–4 g/m2&bull;day at 25℃. This gas barrier coated PET film is transparent and flexible, and can be used in the fabrication of flexible electronics. Also, the proposed fabrication method effectively provides a simple low-cost and low-temperature fabrication technique without the need for high vacuum facility.

Effects of Co3O4 Cocatalyst on InTaO4 for Photocatalytic Reduction of CO2 to CH3OH under Visible Light Irradiation

InTaO4 was synthesized by a solid-state reaction method using metal oxide as the starting materials. Co was added by incipient-wetness impregnation. The sample was pretreated by H2 (200 Torr) reduction at 500?C for 2 h and subsequent O2 (100 Torr) oxidation at 200?C for 1 h. The core-shell structure of metallic Co and Co3O4 was formed by this reduction-oxidation procedure. The catalysts were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, and ultraviolet-visible spectroscope. The photocatalytic reduction was carried out in a Pyrex reactor with KHCO3 or NaOH aqueous solution bubbled with ultra pure CO2 gas under visible light illumination. SEM micrographs show many small Co3O4 particles on the surface of InTaO4. The band gap of Co3O4-InTaO4 was 2.7 eV, confirming that these catalysts have the ability to reduce CO2 to methanol. The methanol yield increased with the amount of Co3O4 cocatalysts. The catalyst had a higher activity in KHCO3 aqueous solution than in NaOH solution. The InTaO4 catalyst with 1 wt% Co3O4 cocatalyst had the highest activity among all catalysts. Co3O4 was incorporate into the surface structure of InTaO4 to form CoxInTaO4-x. It resulted in more defect sites on the surface of InTaO4 and changed the valence band structure. It formed a Schottky barrier to suppress the electron-hole recombination.

Free-Green Synthesis and Dynamics of Reduced Graphene Sheets via Sun Light Irradiation

It is universally known that the preparation of high quality graphene on a large scale and in a cost-effective manner is essential for many technological applications. Graphene oxide (GO) has emerged as the precursor of choice for bulk production of graphene-based materials, as it can be synthesized from inexpensive graphite powders. In this paper, a simple method is described for reduction of GO solution by a free and green irradiation based technique. The majority of oxygen-containing functional groups of GO are removed by sun light. This methodology provides an effective way to quantitatively produce high quality graphene sheets. This paper presents irradiation by sun light of synthesized graphene oxide nano-flakes prepared by Hummer’s method. These nano-flakes have been successfully reduced while the dynamic of this irradiation process is discussed. The irradiated nano-flakes of graphene oxide have been investigated using X-Ray diffraction, ATR-FTIR and UV-Vis-NIR.

Roughness Control of Layer-by-Layer and Alternative Spray Films from Congo Red and PAH via Laser Light Irradiation

Films from congo red (CR) alternated with poly(allylamine hydrochloride), PAH, were prepared by layer-by-layer and alternative spray techniques. In order to investigate the change of roughness induced by laser light irradiation (532 nm), both kinds of films were characterized by using UV-visible spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM). At dif- ferent irradiation times, layer-by-layer, LbL, films showed small changes in the roughness and irregular behavior, whereas spray films exhibited higher and a regular decreasing of roughness with increasing irradiation time. The higher roughness of spray films as compared with the LbL ones was attributed to different formation mechanisms of the films. The decreasing of the roughness as a function of the irradiation time (exhibited by the spray films) was associated to surface relaxation due to the interplay between photoisomerization of congo red dye and the heating of the sample during the laser light irradiation. The results suggested that the alternative spray technique is the best choose to control of roughness of the films by using light irradiation.

Preparation of Different Lights Irradiated ZnSe/GSH QDs and Their Interaction with BSA

Using L-glutathione(GSH) as a capping agent,Zn Se/GSH quantum dots(QDs) were prepared under microwave irradiation and irradiated under dark, ultraviolet light and incandescent light, respectively. The properties and interaction of different lights irradiated ZnSe/GSH QDs and bovine serum albumin(BSA) were studied systematically. The fluorescence(FL) spectra results reveal that the quenching mechanism are all the static quenching in nature. The quenching constant(Ksv) and binding constant(K) value of different irradiated Zn Se/GSH QDs and BSA all increased with the change of light types from dark to incandescent light and UV light. The number of binding site(n) is close to 1 at different temperatures. The lighting types influence the enthalpy and entropy changes. The Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) spectra indicate that the light induced GSH ligand will facilitate photocatalytic oxidation on the surface of ZnSe/GSH QDs. The circular dichroism(CD)results show that the α-helicity content of BSA decreases from 60.34%, 59.31%, to 58.79% under UV lighting,incandescent lighting and dark conditions. The interaction results of different lights illuminated ZnSe/GSH QDs with BSA by CD spectra method matches well with that by FL and FTIR spectra. That is, the interaction of ZnSe/GSH QDs and BSA from strong to weak is UV light, incandescent light and dark in sequence.

Clinical Study on the Treatment of Neonatal Jaundice with Lidan Tuihuang Formula Combined with Bifid Lriple Viable and Blue Ray Irradiation

OBJECTIVE: To observe the clinical efficacy of Lidan Tuihuang formula combined with Peifeikang and blue light irradiation in the treatment of neonatal jaundice. METHODS: a total of 140 cases of neonatal jaundice were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group, with 70 cases in each group. The control group was treated with blue light irradiation and oral Bifid Lriple Viable, on the basis of conventional clinical interventions. The observation group was treated with Lidan Tuihuang formula on the basis of the control group. After 7 days of treatment, the scores of clinical symptom(skin yellowness, reduced milk volume, constipation, abdominal distension) and level of serum bilirubin before and after treatment were compared between the two groups, and the adverse reactions and clinical recurrence of the 2 groups were statistically analyzed. RESULTS: After treatment, the effective rate was 94.3% in the observation group which was significantly higher than that in the control group(77.1%)(P < 0.05). The degree of yellowing of the skin, the reduction of the amount of milk, the concentration of constipation and the distension of bloating were all significantly reduced in the 2 groups after treatment(P < 0.05), and the improvement of the above indexes in the observation group was significantly better than that in the control group(P < 0.05). The level of serum bilirubin was significantly lower in the 2 groups after treatment and even for 2 weeks after treatment(P < 0.05). The improvement level of serum bilirubin in the observation group after treatment and even for 2 weeks after treatment were significantly better than that in the control group(P < 0.05). The recurrence rate in the observation group was 8.7%, which was significantly lower than that in the control group 22.2 %(P < 0.05); No serious adverse reactions occurred in both groups. CONCLUSION: The combination of Lidan Tuihuang Formular, Bifid Lriple Viable, blue light irradiation for neonatal jaundice can rapidly improve the clinical symptoms of children, reduce the level of serum bilirubin and shorten the treatment time, with no obvious adverse reactions and high clinical safety.

Three-Dimentional Surface Light Irradiance Reconstruction in Bioluminescence Tomography

Reconstruction of 3D surface irradiance distribution using multiple views captured by charged coupled device(CCD)camera is the basis of solving the light source in bioluminescence tomography(BLT).A simple and convenient mapping technique based on the pin-hole imaging model and Lambert′s cosine law was presented to establish the relationship between gray levels and irradiance intensities.Compared with previous integrating sphere camera calibration used in BLT,the proposed method can effectively avoid heavy burden of simulation experiment to obtain the corresponding relationship of gray levels and irradiance intensities.The accuracy and feasibility of the proposed method are validated with no more than 1mm location error by different types of phantom experiments.The mapping approach is also applicable to other noncontact optical imaging system.

Synthesis of Modified β-Zeolite Under Microwave Irradiation and Its Use on Etherification

zeolite was synthesized by using tetraethyl ammonium hydroxide as the template reagent andmicrowave radiation as the heat source. The effect of the sol composition and the radiation temperature onzeolite crystallinity was investigated. The zeolite was tested and compared with the commercial product, whichwas produced by conventional hydrothermal synthesis method. The physico-chemical properties of the syn-thesized samples, the specific surface area of the samples synthesized under microwave irradiation and porevolume measured by X-ray diffraction apparatus, were better than the conventional samples. The etherificationexperiment on FCC light naphtha in the presence of transition metals modified Hβ-zeolite, which was synthe-sized firstly under microwave irradiation, was studied in a fixed-bed reactor. The effect of catalyst preparationconditions on its activity, stability and the effect of reaction temperature, methanol/tertiary-carbon olefin molarratio and liquid hourly space velocity on the etherification reaction were discussed. The experimental resultsshowed that the different metals modified Hβ-zeolite had different etherification performances. And theconversion of tertiary carbon-olefins of the molybdenum modified Hβzeolite, which was loaded at a concen-tration of 3 percents, was higher than that on 6.0 percent of Hβzeolite. The modified Hβzeolite catalystspossessed favorable prospects for its higher stability.

Heat-Resistant Properties of a SiO₂-Coated PET Film Prepared by Irradiating a Polysilazane-Coated Film with Excimer Light

Flexible electronics have been recently paid much attention. A flexible substrate (Organic resin film) is indispensable component for flexible devices. Though PET film is low-cost organic film, low heat-resistance of PET film limits its application as a flexible device substrate. We have developed heat-resistant PET which does not deteriorate even at 190&deg;C heat treatment for one hour. An excimer light was irradiated onto a polysi-lazane (PHPS: perhydropolysilane)-coated film to form a dense silicon-dioxide (SiO2) layer on a PET film, and the heat-resistance property of the formed film was examined. Changes of surface state and cross-sectional structure of the formed film due to heat treatment were investigated by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). Compared to normal PET, which is deteriorated and whitened by heat treatment of about 110&deg;C - 120&deg;C, the SiO2-coated PET film maintains transparency and does not deteriorate after heat treatment at 180&deg;C - 190&deg;C for one hour. This high heat resistance is due to a dense SiO2 film formed on the surface that prevents surface precipitation and crystallization of low-molecular-weight oligomers (which are the cause of thermal degradation of PET). It is expected that enhancing the heat resistance of PET—which has high versatility and low cost—to about 180&deg;C to 190&deg;C will allow SiO2-film-coated PET to be developed as a film substrate for flexible devices.

红光照射联合去腐生新膏治疗气虚血瘀型臁疮的临床效果

目的:观察应用红光照射治疗联合去腐生新膏外用治疗气虚血瘀型臁疮的临床疗效。方法:选取64例臁疮患者,中医证属气虚血瘀型,采用随机数字表法分为试验组和对照组,每组32例。两组入院后均行清创治疗,清创后两组均采用红光照射治疗,其中试验组配合外用去腐生新膏,对照组配合外用重组人碱性成纤维生长因子凝胶。比较治疗后两组患肢临床疗效(疼痛、肿胀、溃疡面积、溃疡深度、创面愈合率、愈合时间)、创面愈合相关因素[创面细菌阳性率、患肢经皮氧分压(tcpO_(2))、皮肤不良反应率]、血清炎症及相关细胞因子[C反应蛋白(CRP)、白细胞介素(IL-6)、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)]。结果:治疗后两组临床疗效指标(疼痛、肿胀、溃疡面积、溃疡深度、创面愈合率、愈合时间)及tcpO_(2)、CRP、IL-6、VEGF指标均较前改善。试验组治疗7 d后疼痛、肿胀缓解情况均优于对照组(P <0.05);治疗14 d后肿胀、CRP较对照组改善(P <0.05),溃疡面积、溃疡深度、tcpO_(2)、IL-6、VEGF较对照组明显改善(P <0.01)。治疗后,两组创面细菌培养阳性率及皮肤不良反应率无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论:红光照射联合去腐生新膏治疗气虚血瘀型臁疮临床疗效显著,其能改善创面炎症,促进血管新生、改善微循环,且不增加创面不良反应发生率。

中药穴位贴敷联合红外光照射治疗糖尿病周围神经病变的应用研究

目的探究中药穴位贴敷联合红外光照射在治疗糖尿病周围神经病变(DPN)中的应用效果。方法选取2023年4—12月本院收治的180例糖尿病伴有周围神经病变的患者为研究对象,并按照随机分组的原则分为观察组和对照组,每组90例。观察组接受健康教育、糖尿病饮食、适宜运动以及硫辛酸静脉输注治疗,并同时使用常规降糖药。观察组在此基础上,采用红外光局部照射和中药穴位贴敷治疗。通过多伦多临床评分(TCSS)评估DPN的临床症状和严重程度,观察并记录震动感觉阈值(VPT)和肌电图检查有效情况和神经病变症状发生情况。结果治疗后,两组TCSS评分均有所降低,且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05)。在神经病变发生情况方面,观察组显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。在VPT和肌电图检查后的有效情况比较中,观察组患者高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论采用穴位贴敷联合红外光照射治疗DPN患者,可以减轻患者的疼痛,降低医疗成本,并提高治疗水平和效率。此外,该治疗方案还有助于减轻患者及其家属的心理负担,并防止糖尿病并发症的发生,值得在临床实践中推广和使用。

光照作用对水铁矿去除Cr(Ⅵ)的影响

Cr在环境中释放易导致重金属污染,其所造成的环境危害与Cr存在形态紧密相关。Cr(Ⅵ)多以Cr_(O)_(4)^(2–)或Cr_(2)O_(7)^(2−)形式存在,在水体中具有较高溶解度和迁移性,且具有较大的毒性。水铁矿具有大比表面积和高反应活性,是环境中Cr(Ⅵ)的重要吸附剂;同时,水铁矿也是一种天然半导体矿物,在光照诱导作用下可产生光电子并转移电子。然而,水铁矿表面的光化学反应对Cr(Ⅵ)地球化学行为的影响尚不清楚。因此,本研究探讨了光照对水铁矿去除Cr(Ⅵ)的影响。结果表明:在黑暗条件下,水铁矿通过吸附作用去除了57%的Cr(Ⅵ);在光照有氧条件下,水铁矿对Cr(Ⅵ)的去除率上升到67%;在厌氧条件下,光照效应的增强作用更加明显,水溶液中Cr(Ⅵ)几乎完全被去除。结合傅里叶变换衰减全反射红外光谱(ATR-FTIR)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)分析发现,水铁矿能够快速吸附Cr(Ⅵ),其中有62%的Cr在水铁矿表面被还原,占总去除率的41.5%。因此,光照能够通过还原作用增强水铁矿对Cr(Ⅵ)的去除,从而降低Cr(Ⅵ)的迁移性和环境毒性。本研究为深入认识地表环境中铁(氢)氧化物对氧化还原敏感元素地球化学行为的制约机理提供了新信息。