木麻黄幼苗对模拟酸雨胁迫的响应和Ca^(2+)的调节作用

随着酸雨pH值的下降,木麻黄幼苗中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、叶绿素含量和叶绿素a/b值逐渐下降,过氧化物酶(POD)活性、可溶性蛋白质含量、丙二醛(MDA)含量和超氧阴离子自由基(O2-·)含量逐渐增加,过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性和脯氨酸含量先升后降。在同一强度酸雨胁迫下,经0.1和1mmol·L-1Ca(NO3)2处理的SOD活性、CAT活性、叶绿素含量和叶绿素a/b值相对较高,POD活性、蛋白质含量、MDA含量、O2-·含量和脯氨酸含量相对较低,Ca2+可缓解酸雨对木麻黄幼苗的伤害。

离子色谱法测定尿液中的C_2O_4^(2-)、Ca^(2+)、Mg^(2+)

利用离子色谱法测定尿液中的草酸根、钙、镁离子。测定草酸根时,先在尿液中加入氯化钙使之转化成草酸钙沉淀,分离后用盐酸溶解草酸钙沉淀,然后进行测定。测定钙、镁离子时,在酸性尿液中加入氧化剂过硫酸钾,在微沸状态下氧化尿液中的有机物,从而避免对色谱柱的污染。草酸根、钙、镁离子的回收率分别为108.3%～109.7%、94.9%～100.7%、97.2%～97.4%,相对标准偏差分别为2.4%、2.5%、3.1%。

络合滴定法和电位滴定法测定自来水中Ca^(2+)、Mg^(2+)比较

通过络合滴定法和电位滴定法对自来水中Ca2+、Mg2+离子总含量的分析,得出电位滴定法较传统的络合滴定法的分析周期更短,操作过程容易控制,相对偏差小且分布范围窄,有效避免了络合滴定法中对终点颜色判断带来的偶然误差。

腹部推拿对UC模型大鼠背根神经节PLC/IP3R/Ca2+信号通路及AKT、p-AKT蛋白表达的影响

目的:观察腹部推拿干预溃疡性结肠炎(UC)模型大鼠后,对大鼠背根神经节PLC/IP3R/Ca^(2+)信号通路及AKT、p-AKT蛋白表达的影响,从而探讨腹部推拿对溃疡性结肠炎内脏高敏感的作用机制。方法:将36只SPF级大鼠分成空白组、模型组、推拿组、美沙拉嗪组4组,除空白组自由饮用蒸馏水外,其余各组采用自由饮5%葡聚糖硫酸钠溶液(DSS)的方法制备大鼠UC模型。造模第2日起推拿组采用腹部推拿进行干预,美沙拉嗪组进行美沙拉嗪溶液进行灌胃,空白组、模型组仅俯卧位束缚固定于固定器中。干预15日后,采用邻-甲酚酞络合铜比色法检测背根神经节(DRG)细胞钙离子浓度;ELISA法检测DRG组织中磷脂酶C(PLC)、肌醇1,4,5-三磷酸(IP3)、肌醇1,4,5-三磷酸受体(IP3R)的表达,WesternBlot检测DRG组织中蛋白激酶B(AKT)、磷酸化蛋白激酶B(p-AKT)蛋白表达。结果:与模型组比较,推拿组大鼠DRG细胞Ca^(2+)浓度和DRG组织中IP3、IP3R含量呈降低趋势,其中DRG细胞Ca^(2+)浓度有显著差异(P<0.01),其他指标的组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);推拿组DRG组织中PLC含量及AKT、p-AKT蛋白表达呈增加趋势,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:腹部推拿抑制UC内脏高敏感性,其作用机制可能与抑制PLC-IP3R-Ca^(2+)信号通路和促进UC大鼠背根神经节AKT激活有关。

La2／3Ca1／3MnO3／YBa2Cu4O8／La2／3Cal／3MnO3三层薄膜中的各向异性磁电阻

研究了La2/3Ca1/3MnO3(LCMO)／YBa2Cu4O8(YBCO)／LCMO三层薄膜中的各向异性磁电阻。LCMO单层膜和三层膜都表现出面内各向异性，磁电阻对θ(磁场方向和偏置电流方向的夹角)和Ф(磁场方向和薄膜表面的夹角)表现出正弦三角函数的依赖关系。在低场下，无论在面内还是面外都发现了正的磁电阻。

Synthesis of M1-3xAl2O4:Eu2+x/Dy3+ 2x(M^2+= Sr^2+, Ca^2+ and Ba^2+) phosphors with long-lasting phosphorescence properties via co-precipitation method

The long afterglow fluorescent material of M1-3xAl2O4:Eu2+ x/Dy3+2x(M2+= Sr2+, Ca2+ and Ba2+) phosphors are successfully synthesized by calcining precursor obtained via co-precipitation method at 1300oC for 4 h with reducing atmosphere (20% H2 and 80% N2). The phase evolution, morphology and afterglow fluorescent properties are systematically studied by the various instruments of XRD, FE-SEM, PLE/PL spectroscopy and fluorescence decay analysis. The PL spectra shows that the Sr1-3xAl2O4:Eu2+x/Dy3+ 2x phosphors display vivid green emission at s519 nm (4f65d1!4f7 transition of Eu2+) with monitoring of the maximum excitation wavelength at s334 nm (8S7=2!6IJ transition of Eu2+), among which the optimal concentration of Eu2+ and Dy3+ is 15 at.% and 30 at.%, respectively. The color coordinates and temperature of Sr1-3xAl2O4:Eu2+ x/Dy3+ 2x phosphors are approximately at (s0.27, s0.57) and s6700 K, respectively. On the above basis, the M0:55Al2O4:Eu2+ 0:15/Dy3+ 0:3 (M2+= Ca2+ and Ba2+) phosphors is obtained by the same method. The PL spectra of these phosphors shows the strongest blue emission at s440 nm and cyan emission at s499 nm under s334 nm wavelength excitation, respectively, which are blue shifted comparing to Sr1??3xAl2O4:Eu2+ x/Dy3+ 2x phosphors. The color coordinates and temperatures of M0:55Al2O4:Eu2+ 0:15/Dy3+ 0:3 (M2+= Ca2+ and Ba2+) phosphors are approximately at (s0.18, s0.09), s2000 K and (s0.18, s0.42), s11600 K, respectively. In this work, long afterglow materials of green, blue and cyan aluminates phosphors with excellent properties have been prepared, in order to obtain wide application in the field of night automatic lighting and display.

Caribbean maitotoxin elevates [Ca^(2+)]i and activates non-selective cation channels in HIT-T15 cells

AIM:To investigate the cytotoxic mechanism of caribbean maitotoxin(MTX-C) in mammalian cells.METHODS:We used whole-cell patch-clamp techniques and fluorescence calcium imaging to determine the cellular toxic mechanisms of MTX-C in insulin secreting HIT-T15 cells,which is a system where the effects of MTX have been observed.HIT-T15 cells stably express L-type calcium current,making it a suitable model for this study.Using the fluorescence calcium indicator Indo-1 AM,we found that there is a profound increase in HIT-T15 intracellular free calcium 3 min after application of 200 nmol/L MTX-C.RESULTS:About 3 min after perfusion of MTX-C,a gradual increase in free calcium concentration was observed.This elevation was sustained throughout the entire recording period.Application of MTX-C did not elicit the L-type calcium current,but large cationiccurrents appeared after applying MTX-C to the extracellular solution.The current-voltage relationship of the cation current is approximately linear within the voltage range from-60 to 50 mV,but flattened at voltages at-80 and-100 mV.These results indicate that MTX-C induces a non-voltage activated,inward current under normal physiological conditions,which by itself or through a secondary mechanism results in a large amount of cationic influx.The biophysical mechanism of MTX-C is different to its isoform,pacific maitotoxin(MTX-P),when the extracellular calcium is removed.CONCLUSION:We conclude that MTX-C causes the opening of non-selective,non-voltage-activated ion channels,which elevates level of intracellular calcium concentration and leads to cellular toxicities.

Allosteric inhibitors of plasma membrane Ca^(2+) pumps: Invention and applications of caloxins

Plasma membrane Ca2+pumps(PMCA)play a major role in Ca2+homeostasis and signaling by extruding cellular Ca2+with high affinity.PMCA isoforms are encoded by four genes which are expressed differentially in various cell types in normal and disease states.Therefore, PMCA isoform selective inhibitors would aid in delineating their role in physiology and pathophysiology.We are testing the hypothesis that extracellular domains of PMCA can be used as allosteric targets to obtain a novel class of PMCA-specific inhibitors termed caloxins. This review presents the concepts behind the invention of caloxins and our progress in this area.A section is also devoted to the applications of caloxins in literature. We anticipate that isoform-selective caloxins will aid in understanding PMCA physiology in health and disease. With strategies to develop therapeutics from bioactive peptides,caloxins may become clinically useful in car diovascular diseases,neurological disorders,retinopathy,cancer and contraception.

Correlation of large conductance Ca2+ activated K+ channelα andβ subunit expression in uterine smooth muscle with the postpartum hemorrhage induced by uterine inertia

Objective:To study the correlation of large conductance Ca2+ activated K+ channel (BKCa)α andβ subunit expression in uterine smooth muscle with the postpartum hemorrhage induced by uterine inertia.Methods: The puerperae who underwent cesarean section and had postpartum hemorrhage induced by uterine inertia in Panzhihua Women and Children Health Hospital between March 2015 and May 2017 were selected as the hemorrhage group of the study, and the puerperae who underwent cesarean section and were without postpartum hemorrhage in Panzhihua Women and Children Health Hospital during the same period were selected as the control group. Proper amount of uterine muscle tissue was collected during the cesarean section to measure the expression of BKCaα andβ subunits and the levels of contraction-related proteins in uterine muscle as well as the contraction characteristic parameters of the uterine muscle.Results: The mRNA expression and protein expression of BKCaα andβ subunits in uterine muscle tissue of hemorrhage group were significantly higher than those of control group;the contraction amplitude, contraction frequency and contraction activity of uterine muscle tissue as well as the OTR, COX2, CX43 and HSP27 levels in uterine muscle tissue of hemorrhage group were significantly lower than those of control group;the BKCaα andβ subunit expression in uterine muscle tissue of hemorrhage group were negatively correlated with the contraction amplitude, contraction frequency and contraction activity as well as the OTR, COX2, CX43 and HSP27 levels.Conclusion: The high expression of BKCa in uterine smooth muscle can reduce the uterine muscle contractility and decrease the levels of contraction-related proteins, and it is closely related to the occurrence of postpartum hemorrhage induced by uterine inertia.

Spinosyn A对家蝇生长发育及Na^+,K^+-ATPase、Ca^(2+),Mg^(2+)-ATPase和AChE的影响

研究了Spinosyn A对家蝇(Musca domestica L.)生长发育及其Na+,K+-ATPase、Ca2+,Mg2+-ATPase和AChE的影响。结果表明,SpinosynA对家蝇有杀卵作用,且其化蛹率显著下降;SpinosynA在离体时低浓度抑制家蝇头部Na+,K+-ATPase活性而高浓度酶被激活,活体时在48h内酶活性都受到明显抑制,并随浓度升高而增强;离体时低浓度抑制家蝇Ca2+,Mg2+-ATPase活性而高浓度时酶被激活;活体时24h后该酶被激活。离体时对家蝇头部AChE有弱的抑制作用,但不同处理浓度之间无差异,而在活体时48h内能显著激活AChE活性。

Changes in secretory pathway Ca^(2+)-ATPase 2 following focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury

This study aimed to investigate changes in secretory pathway Ca2＋-ATPase 2 expression following cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, and to define the role of Ca2＋-ATPases in oxidative stress. A rat model of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury was established using the unilateral middle cerebral artery occlusion method. Immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription-PCR assay results showed that compared with the control group, the expression of secretory pathway Ca2＋-ATPase 2 protein and mRNA in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of male rats did not significantly change during the ischemic period. However, secretory pathway Ca2＋-ATPase 2 protein and mRNA expression reduced gradually at 1, 3, and 24 hours during the reperfusion period. Our experimental findings indicate that levels of secretory pathway Ca2＋-ATPase 2 protein and mRNA expression in brain tissue change in response to cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.

Update on vascular endothelial Ca^(2+) signalling:A tale of ion channels,pumps and transporters

A monolayer of endothelial cells (ECs) lines the lumen of blood vessels and forms a multifunctional transducing organ that mediates a plethora of cardiovascular processes. The activation of ECs from as state of quiescence is, therefore, regarded among the early events leading to the onset and progression of potentially lethal diseases, such as hypertension, myocardial infarction, brain stroke, and tumor. Intracellular Ca2+ signals have long been know to play a central role in the complex network of signaling pathways regulating the endothelial functions. Notably, recent work has outlined how any change in the pattern of expression of endothelial channels, transporters and pumps involved in the modulation of intracellular Ca2+ levels may dramatically affect whole body homeostasis. Vascular ECs may react to both mechanical and chemical stimuli by generating a variety of intracellular Ca2+ signals, ranging from brief, localized Ca2+ pulses to prolonged Ca2+ oscillations engulfing the whole cytoplasm. The well-defined spatiotemporal profile of the subcellular Ca2+ signals elicited in ECs by specific extracellular inputs depends on the interaction between Ca2+ releasing channels, which arelocated both on the plasma membrane and in a number of intracellular organelles, and Ca2+ removing systems. The present article aims to summarize both the past and recent literature in the field to provide a clear-cut picture of our current knowledge on the molecular nature and the role played by the components of the Ca2+ machinery in vascular ECs under both physiological and pathological conditions.

基于第一性原理计算Ca掺杂MoS_(2)对焊接气体的吸附性能

工业焊接的过程中会产生焊接废气例如CO、NO_(2)和CH_(4),这些气体会对工作人员的身心健康造成威胁,为解决这种废气吸附的需求,此文用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理方法,搭建了Ca掺杂MoS_(2)的模型,用Dmol3模块研究掺杂后的电子结构,并计算了Ca-MoS_(2)吸附CO、CH_(4)和NO_(2)三种气体的态密度、电荷转移、吸附能、电子密度差等参数.结果表明Ca-MoS_(2)对于CH_(4)是一种物理吸附,主要是范德华力作用,而Ca-MoS_(2)吸附CO和NO_(2)是一种化学吸附,存在较强的吸附能力.此类掺杂有望制成新的气敏传感器等有益结果,该工作具有一定意义.

Photosynthesis-Dependent Extracellular Ca2+ Influx Triggers an Asexual Reproductive Cycle in the Marine Red Macroalga Porphyra yezoensis

Asexual propagation to increase the number of gametophytic clones via the growth of asexual haploid spores is a unique survival strategy found in marine multicellular algae. However, the mechanisms regulating the asexual life cycle are largely unknown. Here, factors involved in the regulation of production and discharge of asexual spores, so-called monospores, are identified in the marine red macroalga Porphyra yezoensis. First, enhanced discharge of monospores was found by incubation of gametophytes in ASPMT1, a modified version of the previously established synthetic medium ASP12. Comparison of the compositions of ASPMT1 and our standard medium, ESL, indicated that the Ca2+ concentration in ASPMT1 was three times lower than that in ESL medium. Thus, we modified ASPMT1 by increasing its Ca2+ concentration, resulting in reduction of monospore discharge. These findings demonstrate the role of reduced Ca2+ concentrations in enhancing monospore production and release. Moreover, it was also observed that initiation of asexual life cycle required illumination, was repressed by DCMU, and was induced by a Ca2+ ionophore in the dark. Taken together, these results indicate that photosynthesis-dependent Ca2+ influx triggers the asexual life cycle by promoting the production and discharge of monospores in P. yezoensis.

压力下Mg_(2)Ca、Al_(2)Ca和Mg_(2)Si相稳定性的第一性原理研究

采用第一性原理的计算方法优化了施加0~50 GPa静水压力下Mg_(2)Ca、Al_(2)Ca和Mg_(2)Si相的晶胞结构,并计算了不同静水压力下Mg_(2)Ca、Al_(2)Ca和Mg_(2)Si相的弹性性能和电子结构,以此来研究静水压力对各相结构稳定性、弹性性能和电子结构的影响。结果表明:Mg_(2)Ca、Al_(2)Ca和Mg_(2)Si相的晶格常数随施加压力的增大而逐渐减小,并且降低的速率呈逐渐缓慢的趋势;逐渐施加静水压力后,Mg_(2)Ca、Al_(2)Ca和Mg_(2)Si相的体模量、剪切模量、杨氏模量、泊松比以及体模量/剪切模量的值均呈现了不同程度的增长态势,表明施加适当的静水压力可提高Mg_(2)Ca,Al_(2)Ca和Mg_(2)Si相的塑性和延展性,进而改善镁合金的力学性能。随着压力的增加,各相的结构没有发生相变,并且Mg_(2)Si的结构在静水压力下显现出稳定性最强的特性,Al_(2)Ca次之,Mg_(2)Ca相的稳定性在静水压力下逐渐变差。

酸雨中SO_4^(2-)、NO_3^-、Ca^(2+)、NH_4^+对红壤中重金属的影响

在实验室条件下连续浸泡污染红壤和黄红壤,研究模拟酸雨中阴离子、阳离子浓度对土壤中重金属解吸行为和化学形态分布的影响.结果表明,酸雨加速了土壤酸化,重金属活性增强.增加模拟酸雨中SO42-、NO3-或Ca2+、NH4+浓度对Cd、Zn解吸行为均产生明显促进作用,但对Cu影响不明显.增加模拟酸雨中SO42-、NO3-浓度,红壤和黄红壤交换态Cd、Zn百分率明显降低,交换态Cr百分率明显增加,交换态Cu百分率稍有提高,交换态Pb百分率变化不明显;增加模拟酸雨中Ca2+、NH4+浓度,红壤和黄红壤交换态Cd、Cu、Zn百分率明显降低,交换态Cr和活性形态Pb明显增加,但Cu的化学形态分布主要受模拟酸雨pH值的影响.

喷钙对红富士苹果果实Ca^(2+)-ATPase活性及品质的影响

研究了不同钙肥对红富士苹果果实品质和Ca2+-ATPase活性的影响。结果表明,喷钙后单果重增加,果形指数增大,Vc含量提高,可溶性固形物和花青苷含量增大,果实的叶绿素和可滴定酸含量下降。不同钙肥间,喷巨金钙的效果最好,其次为氨基酸钙,再次为翠康钙宝,最后为钙宝2000。钙肥对Ca2+-ATPase活性影响极为显著,其活性明显高于对照,而不同钙肥间的变化趋势与果实品质的变化趋势相同。

地黄煎剂抑制异丙肾上腺素诱发的缺血大鼠脑Ca^(2+),Mg^(2+)-ATP酶活力升高

正常大鼠脑组织Ca^(2+),Mg^(2+)-ATP酶活力为2.8±0.7 μmol/Pi mg protein·h。大鼠ip异丙肾上腺素5mg/kg 24h造成脑缺血,其Ca^(2+),Mg^(2+)-ATP酶活力升高至8.8±0.8 μmol/Pi mg protein·h。经地黄2或4g/kg po给药后,大鼠缺血脑Ca^(2+),Mg^(2+)-ATP酶活力分别降至6.8±0.8和5.8±0.7 μmol/Pj mg protein·h,表明地黄可防止脑组织缺血损伤和ATP耗竭,提示地黄中可能含有钙拮抗活性物质。

A Brief Study on pH, Exchangeable Ca²⁺and Mg²⁺in Farmlands under Tobacco-Rice Rotation in Xuancheng City of South Anhui

pH, exchangeable Ca2+ and Mg2+ of soil can influence the yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco. Xuancheng city is the dominant tobacco-planting region in Anhui province since 2008. A general soil survey was conducted in Xuancheng city to understand the current situations of pH, exchangeable Ca2+ and Mg2+ of farmlands under tobacco-rice rotation and to decide whether continuous applying dolomite powders to abate soil acidification. In total 124 topsoil samples (0-20 cm) were collected from the typical farmlands and soil pH, exchangeable Ca2+ and Mg2+ were measured. The results showed that soil pH and Ca2+ and Mg2+ in Xuancheng city were generally in the suitable grades, pH ranged from 4.56 to 8.42 with an average of 5.87, exchangeable Ca2+ ranged from 1.01 cmol(1/2Ca2+) kg-1 to 100.55 cmol(1/2Ca2+) kg-1 with an average of 11.07 cmol(1/2Ca2+) kg-1, and exchangeable Mg2+ ranged from 0.14 cmol(1/2Mg2+) kg-1 to 2.86 cmol(1/2Mg2+) kg-1 with an average of 0.81 cmol(1/2Mg2+) kg-1, all spanned from the low grades to the high grades. To the whole Xuancheng city, 37.10%, 62.10% and 72.58% of the surveyed farmlands were in the low grades of pH, exchangeable Ca2+ and Mg2+, respectively, while 52.42%, 25.00% and 20.97% of the farmlands were in the suitable grades, respectively. pH had an extremely significantly positive Napierian logarithm correlation with exchangeable Ca2+ and an extremely significantly positive power correlation with exchangeable Mg2+. In total about 338.2 kg·hm-2 of Ca2+ and 202.4 kg·hm-2 of Mg2+ are annually input into the farmlands, while about 110.4 kg·hm-2 of Ca2+ and 7.4 kg·hm-2 of Mg2+ are annually moved out from the farmlands, exchangeable Ca2+ and Mg2+ were annually increased by 225.2 kg·hm-2 and 187.6 kg·hm-2 in the farmlands, respectively. It is necessary to monitor the farmlands dynamically in order to decide whether continuous applying dolomite powders which should be dependent upon the specific conditions of individual farmlands.