Condensation Reaction of α-Aroyl-α-acetyl Ketene Cyclic Dithioacetals with Aromatic Aldehydes

The title compounds 3 and 4 condensed with aromatic aldehydes to give a--aroylsicinnamoyl ketene cyclic dithioacetals 5 and 6 with sodium ethoxide as the base. The stereochemistryofs and 6 was assigned as E-configuration by 1H NMR.

Regioselechve Reaction of α－（Alkoxydimethylsilyl）allyl Carbanions with Alkyl Halides and Aldehydes

The reactions of α-(alkoxysilyl)allyl anions 4 with electrophiles were studied. α-Alkylation with alkyl halides was favoured, whereas γ-selection was achieved in the reaction with aldehydes.

α,β-不饱和醛高选择性加氢研究进展

α,β-不饱和醛选择性加氢制备不饱和醇是一类具有挑战性的反应,是生产药品,香水和香料等有价值中间体的有效方法之一。对单金属非均相催化剂来讲,不饱和醇的形成在热力学上比饱和醛的形成更不利。因此,常需要高效的催化剂来达到高选择性。与单金属催化剂相比,双金属合金催化剂对不饱和醇的选择性显著提高。本文主要介绍了近年来关于α,β-不饱和醛在双金属合金催化剂上选择性加氢的研究进展。并主要综述了在不同金属表面的作用以及促进不饱和醛通过其C=O键吸附的因素,其中最明显的影响因素是通过表面的电子修饰作用和亲电性位点的形成。

α—蒎烯合成N—烷基—N—(α—龙脑烯基)乙酰胺类化合物及香气特征

以α-蒎烯为原料合成了系列新型的N-烷基-N-(α-龙脑烯基)乙酰胺类芳香化合物,并探索了氮原子上取代基的不同结构与产物香气间的构效关系。α-蒎烯经环氧化得到2,3-环氧蒎烷,再经催化异构化反应得到α-龙脑烯醛;α-龙脑烯醛与伯胺缩合、NaBH4选择性还原得到N-烷基-α-龙脑烯胺,再经乙酰化后得到N-烷基-N-(α-龙脑烯基)乙酰胺类化合物。采用1H-NMR、13C-NMR、FT-IR、MS等对合成酰胺类化合物进行了结构表征,对合成产物的香气特征进行了鉴定。结果表明:N-正丁基-N-(α-龙脑烯基)乙酰胺和N-叔丁基-N-(α-龙脑烯基)乙酰胺具有良好的香气特征,作为新型芳香化合物具有较好的开发价值。

壳聚糖负载碘催化合成α-氨基腈类衍生物

以壳聚糖负载碘(CS/I2)作为催化剂,甲醇为溶剂,三甲基氰硅烷(TMSCN)、芳香醛、芳香胺为原料,一锅法合成了18种α-氨基腈衍生物。单因素控制变量法考察了反应时间、温度、催化剂用量、溶剂以及原料摩尔比对模板反应产率的影响。结果表明:在室温下CS/I2作催化剂,用量为苯甲醛物质的量的4.3%,甲醇为溶剂,反应时间10min,苯甲醛∶苯胺∶TMSCN=1.0∶1.0∶1.4的最优条件下,模型反应产率可达97.7%,催化剂循环三次后产率为85.8%,扩展衍生物产率为71.6~98.8%。

用作香料的α-龙脑烯醛衍生物

本文对从α－蒎烯环氧化制α－环氧蒎烷的方法，由α－环氧蒎烷经异构制α－龙脑烯醛的方法和由α－龙脑烯醛合成具有檀香香气的龙脑烯本钱衍生物作一概述。

Zero-oxidation state precursor assisted fabrication of highly dispersed and stable Pt catalyst for chemoselective hydrogenation ofα,β-unsaturated aldehydes

The chemoselective hydrogenation ofα,β-unsaturated aldehydes is a key strategy for the synthesis of fine chemicals.Herein,we developed an efficient method of depositing Pt particles on FeO_(x)/SBA-15.This strategy is dependent on using a platinumdivinyltetramethyldisiloxane complex(Pt^(0)-DVTMS)as the precursor,which we demonstrate can be removed through a H_(2)-treatment under mild conditions.This,in turn,allowed for the synthesis of catalysts with well dispersed Pt particles.The presence of FeO_(x) species also aided Pt dispersion;when coated onto SBA-15,FeO_(x) strongly interacted with dissociated Pt species,inhibiting both Pt aggregation and metal leaching.Using cinnamaldehyde as a modelα,β-unsaturated aldehyde,it was demonstrated that this catalyst was highly selective towards the unsaturated alcohol and no obvious loss in activity was observed over five recycles.This catalyst was determined to be significantly more effective than an analogous catalyst prepared using chloroplatinic acid as a precursor,evidencing the importance of using the Pt0-DVTMS precursor.We corroborate the excellent catalytic performance to highly dispersed Pt-species,whereby Pt0 and Pt^(2+) play a critical role in activating H_(2) and the C=O bond.This research demonstrates that the Pt precursor can have a significant impact on the physicochemical properties and thus,the performance of the final catalyst.It also evidences how metal support interactions can dramatically influence selectivity in such hydrogenation reactions.This novel catalyst preparation protocol,using a DVTMS ligand for Pt impregnation,offers a facile approach to the design of multi-component heterogeneous catalysts.

碘介导氧化型格氏反应制备α,β-不饱和酮

α,β-不饱和酮在生物医药、有机合成、材料制备方面具有广泛应用。格氏试剂和α,β-不饱和醛通常发生亲核加成生成醇。研究了碘介导格氏试剂和α,β-不饱和醛通过一锅反应生成α,β-不饱和酮。研究表明,碘既能引发格氏试剂的生成,又能将格氏试剂和α,β-不饱和醛进行1,2-加成反应生成的醇氧化为酮。对反应的条件进行了优化,并从溴代烃出发制备了8个酮类化合物。反应产物通过核磁共振氢谱进行了表征。

Role of catalyst surface-active sites in the hydrogenation ofα,β-unsaturated aldehyde

As an important technology in fine chemical production,the selective hydrogenation ofα,β-unsaturated aldehydes has attracted much attention in recent years.In the process ofα,β-unsaturated aldehyde hydrogenation,a conjugated system is formed between>C=C<and>C=O,leading to hydrogenation at both ends of the conjugated system,which competes with each other and results in more complex products.Therefore,improving the reaction selectivity is also difficult in industrial fields.Recently,many researchers have reported that surface-active sites on catalysts play a crucial role inα,β-unsaturated aldehyde hydrogenation.This review attempts to summarize recent advances in understanding the effects of surface-active sites(SASs)over metal catalysts for enhancing the process of hydrogenation.The construction strategies and roles of SASs for hydrogenation catalysts are summarized.Particular attention has been given to the adsorption configuration and transformation mechanism ofα,β-unsaturated aldehydes on catalysts,which contributes to understanding the relationship between SASs and hydrogenation activity.In addition,recent advances in metal-supported catalysts for the selective hydrogenation ofα,β-unsaturated aldehydes to understand the role of SASs in hydrogenation are briefly reviewed.Finally,the opportunities and challenges will be highlighted for the future development of the precise construction of SASs.

新型α-龙脑烯醛基噻二唑-膦酸酯化合物的合成及其抑菌活性

以α-蒎烯为原料,经环氧化和催化异构反应得α-龙脑烯醛(3);3与氨基硫脲反应制得α-龙脑烯醛基缩氨基硫脲,再环合生成α-龙脑烯醛基噻二唑,最后将其与亚磷酸三苯酯和一系列醛通过类Mannich反应合成了11个新型α-龙脑烯醛基噻二唑-膦酸酯化合物(6a^6k),其结构经1H NMR,13C NMR,IR和ESI-MS表征。抑菌活性测试结果表明:在用药量为50μg·m L^(-1)时,6b对苹果轮纹病菌的抑制率为60.5%。

α-蒎烯高选择性环氧化合成2,3-环氧蒎烷的研究

笔者以α-蒎烯为原料高选择性环氧化合成2,3-环氧蒎烷。探讨了过氧乙酸浓度及用量、碳酸钠用量、溶剂类型、反应温度及反应时间等对α-蒎烯转化率、2,3-环氧蒎烷选择性及产物组成的影响;确定了适宜的环氧化反应条件:反应温度为0～10℃;过氧乙酸浓度2.0 mol/L,α-蒎烯与过氧乙酸物质量之比为1∶1.1;α-蒎烯与碳酸钠物质量之比为1∶1.2;反应时间2 h;以氯仿为溶剂,溶剂用量为α-蒎烯与氯仿体积比1∶1.7。在此条件下α-蒎烯转化率为99%以上,2,3-环氧蒎烷的选择性大于95%,反应产物中主要杂质α-龙脑烯醛和3-蒎酮的含量仅为3.3%和1.2%左右。

α,β-不饱和醛/酮MPV还原反应催化剂研究进展

介绍了MPV反应原理。叙述了以醇为氢源,应用MPV反应选择性还原α,β-不饱和醛/酮为α,β-不饱和醇的过程中使用的均相、多相催化剂及其制备方法、催化机理的研究进展。认为在中孔分子筛中负载金属氧化物、手性配体等活性组分是MPV反应催化剂研究的主要方向。

N-[p-(取代氨基磺酰基)苯基]-α-龙脑烯酸酰胺化合物的合成及其抑菌活性

以α-蒎烯为原料,经环氧化和催化异构得到α-龙脑烯醛,再经氧化反应得到α-龙脑烯酸,进一步反应制得α-龙脑烯酸酰氯,然后与磺胺类化合物发生N-酰化反应,以32.8%~78.1%的收率合成了8个N-[4-(N-取代氨磺酰基)苯基]-α-龙脑烯酸酰胺化合物Ⅵ(a^h)。采用FTIR、1HNMR、13CNMR和ESI-MS对目标产物进行了结构表征。抑菌活性测试结果表明:在质量浓度50μg/m L下,目标化合物均显示了一定的抑菌活性,其中,化合物N-[p-(噻唑-2-基)氨基磺酰基苯基]-α-龙脑烯酸酰胺(Ⅵe)对小麦赤霉病菌和黄瓜枯萎病菌的抑制率分别为71.3%和68.0%。

负载型ZrOx/MCM-41分子筛催化α,β-不饱和醛的MPV还原反应的研究

采用Zr(NO3)4为Zr源,水为溶剂,浸渍法制备了负载型ZrOx/MCM-41介孔分子筛催化剂,考察了其在以异丙醇为氢源,苯甲醛为模型反应物,经氢转移法还原为苯甲醇的反应(MPV反应)中的催化性能,同时对样品进行XRD、N2吸附-脱附、IR、UV等表征分析,并与水合ZrO2、骨架掺杂Zr-MCM-41进行对比研究。结果表明:ZrOx/MCM-41分子筛性能最为优异,负载范围为2.5%～20%时,Zr负载量对性能影响较不明显,最佳负载量为5%;焙烧温度对性能影响较明显,最佳焙烧温度是300℃,以300℃焙烧8h的5%ZrOx/MCM-41分子筛为催化剂,在76℃、反应8h后,苯甲醛的转化率为88%,苯甲醇的选择性>99%。该类催化剂具有较好的抗水性、抗活性组分流失性和再生性能。ZrO2负载于MCM-41上时可能形成表面Si-O-Zr-OH基团,其可能是该催化剂性能优异的主要原因,催化剂表面少量存在的NO3-可能增加了其酸性,使其活性进一步提高。

Efficient electrooxidation of biomass-derived aldehydes over ultrathin Ni V-layered double hydroxides films

Selective upgrading of C=O bonds to afford carboxylic acid is significant for the petrochemical industry and biomass utilization.Here we declared the efficient electrooxidation of biomass-derived aldehydes family over NiV-layered double hydroxides(LDHs) thin films.Mechanistic studies confirmed the hydroxyl active intermediate(-OH*) generated on the surface of NiV-LDHs films by employing electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and the electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy.By using advanced techniques,e.g.,extended X-ray absorption fine structure and high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy,NiV-LDHs films with 2.6 nm could expose larger specific surface area.Taking benzaldehyde as a model,high current density of 200 mA cm^(-2)at 1.8 V vs.RHE,81.1% conversion,77.6% yield of benzoic acid and 90.8% Faradaic efficiency were reached,which was superior to most of previous studies.Theoretical DFT analysis was well matched with experimental findings and documented that NiV-LDHs had high adsorption capacity for the aldehydes to suppress the side reaction,and the aldehydes were oxidized by the electrophilic hydroxyl radicals formed on NiV-LDHs.Our findings offer a universal strategy for the robust upgrading of diverse biomass-derived platform chemicals.

Study on the catalytic degradation of sodium lignosulfonate to aromatic aldehydes over nano-CuO:Process optimization and reaction kinetics

As one of the few renewable aromatic resources,the research of depolymerization of lignin into highvalue chemicals has attracted extensive attention in recent years.Catalytic wet aerobic oxidation(CWAO)is an effective technology to convert lignin like sodium lignosulfonate(SL),a lignin derivative,into aromatic aldehydes such as vanillin and syringaldehyde.However,how to improve the yield of aromatic aldehyde and conversion efficiency is still a challenge,and many operating conditions that significantly affect the yield of these aromatic compounds have rarely been investigated systematically.In this work,we adopted the stirred tank reactor(STR)for the CWAO process with nano-CuO as catalyst to achieve the conversion of SL into vanillin and syringaldehyde.The effect of operating conditions including reaction time,oxygen partial pressure,reaction temperature,SL concentration,rotational speed,catalyst amount,and NaOH concentration on the yield of single phenolic compound was systematically investigated.The results revealed that all these operating conditions exhibit a significant effect on the aromatic aldehyde yield.Therefore,they should be regulated in an optimal value to obtain high yield of these aldehydes.More importantly,the reaction kinetics of the lignin oxidation was explored.This work could provide basic data for the optimization and design of industrial operation of lignin oxidation.

2-取代酰氨基-5-(α-龙脑烯醛基)-1,3,4-噻二唑化合物的合成及抑菌活性

以α-蒎烯为原料,先经环氧化和催化异构得到α-龙脑烯醛,再与氨基硫脲反应得到α-龙脑烯醛基缩氨基硫脲,然后环合生成α-龙脑烯醛基噻二唑,最后将其与一系列酰氯发生N-酰化反应,合成得到12个未见文献报道的2-取代酰氨基-5-(α-龙脑烯醛基)-1,3,4-噻二唑化合物(6a^6l)。通过FT-IR、~1H NMR、^(13) C NMR和ESI-MS对12个目标产物进行结构表征,并对目标产物的抑菌活性进行了测试。抑菌活性测试表明:在50 mg/L质量浓度下,目标化合物对5种供试病菌均有不同程度的抑制活性,部分目标化合物的抑菌活性与商品抑菌剂嘧菌酯相近,甚至超过嘧菌酯,其中目标化合物6j对小麦赤霉病菌(Fusarium graminearum)的抑菌率达94.4%,6h对苹果轮纹病菌(Physalospora piricola)的抑菌率达97.7%。

Chemoselective hydrogenation of α,β-unsaturated aldehydes with modified Pd/C catalyst

Selective hydrogenation of α, β-unsaturated aldehydes with modified Pd/C catalyst was developed.The reduction of C=O bond could be efficiently inhibited by the addition of carbonates,and high selectivity to the corresponding saturated aldehydes was achieved under mild conditions.This protocol provides an alternative for efficient preparation of saturated aldehydes.

研磨法合成α,β-不饱和酮

将苯乙酮、芳香醛与KF Al2 O3 置于研钵中 ,在无溶剂条件下 ,室温研磨 5min后放置一定时间 ,得到收率 94%～ 98%的α ,β 不饱和酮 .该法反应条件温和 ,操作简便 ,KF Al2 O3

乙酰丙酮氧钒催化氧化α-蒎烯一步转化成龙脑烯醛

以乙酰丙酮氧钒为催化剂,过氧化氢为氧化剂,研究了由α-蒎烯直接合成龙脑烯醛的反应。考察了溶剂、温度、催化剂用量、反应时间等因素对催化性能的影响。结果表明,乙酰丙酮氧钒与H2O2反应得到的高价态V5+是优良的氧化还原-Lewis酸双功能催化剂,易使α-蒎烯经氧化、2,3-环氧蒎烷异构得到龙脑烯醛。在n(H2O2):n(α-蒎烯):n(乙酰丙酮氧钒)=2.5:1:0.01、反应温度为20℃、丙酮为溶剂、反应2h条件下,α-蒎烯转化率为50.2%,龙脑烯醛的选择性达58.7%,反应6h后α-蒎烯转化率可达73.0%,主要产物龙脑烯醛和马鞭草烯酮的选择性分别为47.2%和13.2%。