Triple α-particle resonances in the decay of hot nuclear systems

The Efimov(Thomas) trimers in excited 12 C nuclei, for which no observation exists yet, are discussed by means of analyzing the experimental data of 70(64)Zn(64 Ni)+ 70(64)Zn(64 Ni) reactions at the beam energy of E/A = 35 MeV/nucleon. In heavy ion collisions, a-particles interact with each other and can form complex systems such as 8 Be and 12 C. For the 3 a-particle systems,multi-resonance processes give rise to excited levels of 12 C. The interaction between any two of the 3 a-particles provides events with one, two or three 8 Be. Their interfering levels are clearly seen in the minimum relative energy distributions. Events with the three a-particle relative energies consistent with the ground state of 8 Be are observed with the decrease of the instrumental error for the reconstructed 7.458 MeV excitation level in 12 C, which was suggested as the Efimov(Thomas) state.

New behaviors ofα-particle preformation factors near doubly magic ^(100)Sn

Theα-particle preformation factors of nuclei above doubly magic nuclei ^(100)Sn and ^(208)Pb are investigated within the generalized liquid drop model.The results show that theα-particle preformation factors of nuclei near self-conjugate doubly magic ^(100)Sn are significantly larger than those of analogous nuclei just above ^(208)Pb,and they will be enhanced as the nuclei move towards the N=Z line.The proton-neutron correlation energy E_(p-n) and two protons-two neutrons correlation energy E_(2p-2n) of nuclei near ^(100)Sn also exhibit a similar situation,indicating that the interactions between protons and neutrons occupying similar single-particle orbitals could enhance theα-particle preformation factors and result in superallowed a decay.This also provides evidence of the significant role of the proton-neutron interaction onα-particle preformation.Also,the linear relationship betweenα-particle preformation factors and the product of valence protons and valence neutrons for nuclei around ^(208)Pb is broken in the100 Sn region because theα-particle preformation factor is enhanced when a nucleus near 100 Sn moves towards the N=Z line.Furthermore,the calculatedαdecay half-lives fit well with the experimental data,including the recent observed self-conjugate nuclei ^(104)Te and ^(108)Xe[Phys.Rev.Lett.121,182501(2018)].

Pion emission in α-particle interactions with various targets of nuclear emulsion detector

The behavior of relativistic hadron multiplicity for 4He-nucleus interactions is investigated. The experi- ment is carried out at 2.1 A and 3.7 A GeV （Dubna energy） to search for the incident energy effect on the interactions inside different emulsion target nuclei. Data are presented in terms of the number of emitted relativistic hadrons in both forward and backward angular zones. The dependence on the target size is presented. For this purpose the statistical events are discriminated into groups according to the interactions with H, CNO, Em, and AgBr target nuclei. The separation of events, into the mentioned groups, is executed based on Glauber＇s multiple scattering theory approach. Features suggestive of a decay mechanism seem to be a characteristic of the backward emission of relativistic hadrons. The results strongly support the assumption that the relativistic hadrons may already be emitted during the de-excitation of the excited target nucleus, in a behavior like that of compound-nucleus disintegration. Regarding the limiting fragmentation hypothesis beyond 1 A GeV, the target size is the main parameter affecting the backward production of the relativistic hadron. The incident energy is a principal factor responsible for the forward relativistic hadron production, implying that this system of particle production is a creation system. However, the target size is an effective parameter as well as the projectile size considering the geometrical concept regarded in the nuclear fireball model. The data are analyzed in the framework of the FRITIOF model.

On the Solution to the Separated Equation in the 3-Particle Calogero-Moser Problem

We propose the exact solution of the equation in separated variable which appears in the process of constructing solutions to the quantum Calogero-Moser three-particle problem with elliptic two-particle potential . This solution is found for special values of coupling constants . It can be used for solving three-particle Calogero-Moser problem under the appropriate boundary conditions.

Controlled Teleportation of an Arbitrary Multi-Qudit State in a General Form with d-Dimensional Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger States

A general scheme for controlled teleportation of an arbitrary multi-qudit state with d-dimensional Greenberger- Horne--Zeilinger （GHZ） states is proposed. For an arbitrary m-qudit state, the sender Alice performs m generalized Bell-state projective measurements on her 2m qudits and the controllers need only take some single-particle measurements. The receiver Charlie can reconstruct the unknown m-qudit state by performing some single-qudit unitary operations on her particles if she cooperates with all the controllers. As the quantum channel is a sequence of maximally entangled GHZ states, the intrinsic efticiency for qudits in this scheme approaches 100% in principle.

Probabilistic Controlled Teleportation of a Triplet W State

A scheme for probabilistic controlled teleportation of a triplet W state from the sender Alice to the distant receiver Bob is proposed. In this scheme, an m-qubit GHZ state serves as the control parameter. The m control qubits are shared by m（s1, s2… sm） spatially-separated supervisors. With the aid of local operations and individual measurements, including Bell-state measurement, Von Neumann measurement, and mutual classical communication, etc., Bob can faithfully reconstruct the original state by performing relevant unitary transformations. However, even if one participant does not cooperate during the process, the receiver Bob cannot fully recover the original state. This protocol can be extended to probabilistic controlled teleportation of an arbitrary N-qubit state and some other N-qubit entangled states.

Teleportation of an Arbitrary Multipartite GHZ-Class State by One EPR Pair

We present a scheme for perfectly teleporting an arbitrary and unknown N-particle GHZ-class state from a sender to a receiver. We just need one quantum channel composed of two or three particles in the maximally entangled state. The sender performs one Bell-state measurement on two of her particles and N - 1 Hadamard operations and N - 1 yon Neumann measurements on the rest N - 1 particles. The receiver adopts one corresponding unitary transformation on his particles shared with the sender. After that, the receiver can obtain the original N-particle GHZ-class state by introducing N - 1 ancillary particles and carrying out N - 1 controlled-NOT operations. We also generalize the scheme to the case of controlled teleportation.

Teleportation of Multi-qudit Entangled States

We propose a method to realize the teleportation of an unknown entangled state that consists of many qudits through a partially entangled-qudit quantum channel with the help of 2 log2 d-bit classical communication. The operations used in the teleportation process include a generalized Bell-state measurement and a series of singlequdit π-measurements performed by Alice, a series of generalized qudit-Pauli gates and two-level unitary gates, as well as a qubit measurement performed by Bob. For a maximally entangled quantum channel, the successful probability of the teleportation becomes unit.

Exact Solution of the One-Dimensional N-Component Bariev Model with a Hard-Core Repulsion under Open Boundary Conditions

We analyse the integrable boundary conditions for the one-dimensional N-component generalized Bariev model with a hard-core repulsion. The Bethe ansatz equations and the energy spectrum are obtained in the framework of the nested Bethe ansatz method.

An Implementation of a Positive Operator Valued Measure

We present an implementation of the positive operator valued measure （POVM）. By using this POVM, one can realize the probabilistic teleportation of an unknown two-particle state.

Metal–organic framework wafer enabled fast response radiation detection with ultra-low dark current

Semiconductive metal–organic frameworks(MOFs)have attracted great interest for the electronic applications.However,dark currents of present hybrid organic–inorganic materials are 1000–10,000 times higher than those of commercial inorganic detectors,leading to poor charge transportation.Here,we demonstrate a ZIF-8(Zn(mim)_(2),mim=2-methylimidazolate)wafer with ultra-low dark current of 1.27 pA·mm^(-2) under high electric fields of 322 V·mm^(-1).The isostatic pressing preparation process provides ZIF-8 wafers with good transmittance.Besides,the presence of redox-active metals and small spatial separation between components promotes the charge hopping.The ZIF-8-based semiconductor detector shows promising X-ray detection sensitivity of 70.82μC·Gy^(-1)·cm^(-2) with low doses exposures,contributing to superior X-ray imaging capability with a relatively high spatial resolution of 1.2 lp·mm^(-1).Simultaneously,good peak discrimination with the energy resolution of~43.78%is disclosed when the detector is illuminated by uncollimated 241Am@5.48 MeVα-particles.These results provide a broad prospect of MOFs for future radiation detection applications.