Ractopamine Hydrochloride and Estradiol + Trenbolone Acetate Implants Alter Myogenic mRNA, <i>β</i>-Adrenergic Receptors, and Blood Metabolites

Two commonly used growth promotants in the United States beef industry are β-agonists and anabolic steroid hormones. Each has been shown to increase lean muscle deposition in cattle provided treatments of each growth technology, but much is still unknown of how steroidal implants and β-agonists work in combination. It was our goal to determine the effect of implant strategy and β-agonist administration in beef feedlot heifers (n = 264). A 3 × 2 factorial randomized complete block design was used with 2 levels of OPT and 3 different durations of terminal implant (TI) windows for a total of 6 treatment groups with 9 replications. Terminal implants (20 mg estradiol/200 mg trenbolone acetate implant, Component TE-200) were provided to heifers 140 d from slaughter (TI140), 100 d from slaughter (TI100), or 60 d from slaughter (TI60). Animals receiving the later two TI being first implanted on day 0 (8 mg estradiol/80 mg trenbolone acetate implant, Component TE-IH). The second treatment of the cattle received was the orally active beta adrenergic agonist, ractopamine-hydrochloride (RH) in the form of Optaflexx®(OPT;0 (NO) or 200 (YES) mg/hd·d-1) over the final 28 days of the trial. Thirty animals were subjected to longissimus muscle (LM) biopsies on d 0, 40, 80, 112, and at slaughter on d 140 to view mRNA levels of myogenic related genes and protein quantities of the β1-adrenergic receptor (β1 AR) and β2-adrenergic receptor (β2 AR). On the same days, blood samples were taken from 108 animals to assess changes in plasma blood urea nitrogen (BUN), non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and progesterone due to treatments. Relative mRNA levels of myosin heavy chain IIX (MHC IIX), AMPKα, and IGF-I were increased (P < 0.05) in animals receiving a TI100 over the other two implant dates after OPT was fed to animals. After OPT administration myosin heavy chain IIA (MHC IIA) mRNA levels tended to decrease (P = 0.09) due to OPT. An interaction between TI d and OPT administration caused an increase (P < 0.05) in MHC IIA mRNA level in the TI60/Yes treatment group over all other treatments except the TI100/No treatment group. Protein intensity of the β2 AR was decreased (P < 0.05) by the latest TI d (TI60) during OPT feeding, while β1 AR protein intensity tended to be lower (P < 0.10) in animals fed OPT. Plasma BUN levels were reduced (P < 0.05) after terminal implants and OPT feeding;while progesterone was decreased (P < 0.05) by OPT alone. Neither growth promotant affected NEFA levels in plasma. Collectively, these data indicate that ractopamine hydrochloride and estradiol + trenbolone acetate implants alter myogenic mRNA, β-adrenergic receptors, and blood metabolites in finishing beef heifers.

Preparation of BiOCl0.9I0.1/β-Bi2O3 composite for degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride under simulated sunlight

A novel and effective BiOCl0.9I0.1/x%β-Bi2O3 composite catalyst was synthesized through a precipitation method. The structure, morphology, and optical properties of the samples were certified by X-ray diffraction, UV-Vis diffuse reflectance, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic characterizations. Photocatalytic experiments demonstrated that the synthesized BiOCl0.9I0.1/x%β-Bi2O3 composite catalyst exhibited excellent photocatalytic performance toward the degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride(TCH) under simulated sunlight. Furthermore, the TCH degradation rate of BiOCl0.9I0.1/15%β-Bi2O3 increased by 27.6% and 61.4% compared with those of the pure BiOCl0.9I0.1 and pure β-Bi2O3, respectively. Due to the multiple vacancies and valence states possessed by BiOCl0.9I0.1/x%β-Bi2O3, namely Bi5+, Bi(3-x)+, Bi5+–O, Bi3+–O, I- and I3-, the charge separation in photocatalysis reactions can be effectively promoted. The Mott-Schottky measurements indicate that the conduction band(CB) level of BiOCl0.9I0.1/15%β-Bi2O3 becomes more negative relative to that of BiOCl0.9I0.1, guaranteeing an advantageous effect on the redox ability of the photocatalyst. This study provides a new bright spot for the construction of high-performance photocatalysts.

Interactive Effects of Zinc and Zilpaterol Hydrochloride on Bovine <i>β</i>-Adrenergic Receptors

The objective of this study was to determine if the addition of zinc (Zn) in combination with zilpaterol HCL (ZH) affected the interaction of ZH with the beta2-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) by altering cAMP production, gene expression, and protein abundance in cultured skeletal muscle cells. Cultures of muscle bovine satellite cells were established and treated at 120 h with: 1) 0 μM Zn/zilpaterol hydrochloride (ZH;CON);2) 0 μM Zn/10 μM ZH (ZH);3) 1 μM Zn from Zn chloride/0 μM ZH (Zn);4) 1 μM Zn from Zn chloride/10 μM ZH (ZN/ZH) in differentiation media for an additional 0, 6, 24, 48 and 96 h. Protein and mRNA were isolated and quantified at 24 and 96 h, and cAMP was measured at 0, 6, 24, 48 and 96 h. At 0, 24, 48 and 96 h, no differences (P > 0.05) were detected in cAMP production. At 6 h, Zn cells had the greatest concentration of cAMP (P < 0.05) compared to ZH treatments. No differences (P > 0.05) were detected in mRNA abundance at 24 h. At 96 h, 0 μM Zn/10 μM ZH cells had an increased abundance of myosin heavy chain (MHC)-I mRNA (P < 0.05) compared to CON. Furthermore, ZH had a greater abundance of MHC-IIX mRNA (P < 0.05) and a tendency for a greater abundance of IGF-1 mRNA (P < 0.15) compared to CON and ZN/ZH. No differences (P > 0.05) were detected in the protein abundance of β1AR and the β2AR. These results indicated Zn and ZH in combination did not have an additive effect on β2-AR function as indicated by cAMP concentrations.

Effect of hydromorphone hydrochloride postoperative analgesia on the inflammatory cytokines, S-100β, and NSE in elderly patients after total hip replacement

Objective:To explore the effect of hydromorphone hydrochloride postoperative analgesia on the inflammatory cytokines, S-100β, and NSE in elderly patients after total hip replacement (THR).Methods: A total of 100 patients who were admitted in our hospital from January, 2015 to July, 2016 for THR were included in the study and randomized into the observation group and the control group with 50 cases in each group. After operation, the patients in the two groups were immediately given patient-controlled analgesia. The patients in the observation group were given hydromorphone hydrochloride (0.3 mg) + dexamethasone (5 mg) + normal saline (100 mL), while the patients in the control group were given sufentanil (150 μg) + dexamethasone (5 mg) + normal saline (100 mL). The morning fasting peripheral venous blood before operation, 24 h and 3 d after operation in the two groups was collected. ELISA was used to detect the serum CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α, and the plasma S-100β and NSE levels.Results:The serum CRP, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels 24 h and 3 d after operation in the two groups were significantly elevated when compared with before operation, and were reduced 3d after operation. CRP, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels at each timing point after operation in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group. The plasma S-100βand NSE levels 24 h and 3 d after operation in the two groups were significantly elevated when compared with before operation, and were reduced 3 d after operation. The plasma S-100β and NSE levels at each timing point after operation in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group.Conclusions:Hydromorphone hydrochloride can relieve the postoperative pain in elderly patients with THR, effectively alleviate the inflammatory reaction, reduce the plasma S-100β and NSE levels, and alleviate the cerebral injury, whose pathogenesis remains a further deep study.

Photocatalytic Performance of α- and β-Ga_2O_3 for the Degradation of Tetracycline Hydrochloride in Water

α- and β-Ga2O3 were prepared via a precipitation method. The as-prepared α- and β-Ga2O3 were characterized by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, N2-sorption BET surface area, UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectra （DRS）, photoluminescence spectroscopy （PL） and electron spin resonancespectroscopy （ESR）. The photocatalytic activities of Ga2O3 were evaluated by the photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline sydrochloride solution. The results showed that the photocatalytic activity of β-Ga2O3 was higher than that of α-Ga2O3 and β-Ga2O3 obtained at the calcination temperature of 900℃, which showed the best photocatalytic activity. The reasons for the differences in photocatalytic activity of Ga2O3 are discussed in terms of crystallinity, surface area, crystals and electronic structures.

丁苯酞联合盐酸多奈哌齐对血管性痴呆患者认知功能及血清黑色素瘤凋亡抑制蛋和或肾凋亡抑制蛋白与β转化生长因子的影响

目的探讨丁苯酞联合盐酸多奈哌齐治疗血管性痴呆的临床疗效。方法选取2018年1月至2020年1月山东省荣军总医院收治的93例血管性痴呆患者作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为参比组(n=45)与研究组(n=48)。参比组在常规基础治疗上给予盐酸多奈哌齐片治疗,研究组在参比组的基础上给予丁苯酞软胶囊治疗。比较两组血液指标、病情发展进程、认知功能、日常生活能力。结果治疗6个月后,研究组血浆转化生长因子β(TGF-β)、胰岛素样生长因子-1(IGF-1)、血清抗凋亡因子(Livin)、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)水平及长谷川痴呆量表(HDS)、简易智力状态检查量表(MMES)、日常生活能力量表(ADL)评分均高于参比组,血浆细胞间黏附分子-1(IGAM-1)、血清干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)水平均低于参比组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论丁苯酞联合盐酸多奈哌齐治疗血管性痴呆效果显著,可缓解患者病情发展进程,降低血管炎症反应,保护脑组织细胞功能,提高患者认知功能及生活自理能力。

基于CH/β-CD的无铬鞣白湿革长效抗菌性能研究

以β-环糊精(β-CD)醛基衍生物和盐酸环丙沙星(CH)作为抗菌剂,应用于无铬鞣白湿革(MCFL),开发了一种新型长效抗菌白湿革。采用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、热重分析仪(TGA)对所得皮革的结构和性能进行表征,并考察其对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌效果。结果表明,与未经β-CD改性和CH处理的MCFL相比,该方法制备的皮革的Ts、Td和Tp分别提高了5.7℃、4.9℃和6.9℃;在贮藏90 d时,经CH处理后,对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌率仍分别达到99.7%和97.4%,比未经β-CD处理的分别提高了29.8%和34.4%。这说明改性后的MCFL具有更好的热稳定性能,且引入β-CD空腔可以包合抗菌剂,能改善因小分子抗菌剂释放导致的抗菌持久性差的问题。利用β-环糊精多醛基衍生物和CH对MCFL进行抗菌改性,可满足白湿革生产需求,为实现白湿革长效抗菌提供了一种新工艺。

Benzydamine hydrochloride ameliorates ethanol-induced inflammation in RAW 264.7 macrophages by stabilizing redox homeostasis

Objective:To evaluate the protective effect of benzydamine hydrochloride against ethanol-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in RAW 264.7 macrophages.Methods:RAW 264.7 macrophages were treated with ethanol(100 mM)and benzydamine hydrochloride(7.5μM).The imflammatory status was confirmed by measuring pro-(TNF-αand IL-6)and anti-inflammatory(IL-10)cytokines through ELISA and RT-PCR assays.Reactive oxygen species generation and mitochondrial membrane potential were investigated to study the protective role of benzydamine hydrochloride against ethanol-induced oxidative stress.Apoptosis detection was also investigated using flow cytometry and acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining.Results:Benzydamine hydrochloride significantly decreased the secretion of TNF-αand IL-6,as well as the generation of reactive oxygen species inside the cells,thereby stabilizing the mitochondrial membrane potential and reducing DNA fragmentation.The ethanol-induced cellular necrosis was also reversed by the administration of benzydamine hydrochloride.Conclusions:Benzydamine hydrochloride ameliorates ethanol-induced cell apoptosis and inflammation in RAW macrophages.

Design and optimization of a greener sinomenine hydrochloride preparation process considering variations among different batches of the medicinal herb

The current methods used to industrially produce sinomenine hydrochloride involve several issues,including high solvent toxicity,long process flow,and low atomic utilization efficiency,and the greenness scores of the processes are below 65 points.To solve these problems,a new process using anisole as the extractant was proposed.Anisole exhibits high selectivity for sinomenine and can be connected to the subsequent water-washing steps.After alkalization of the medicinal material,heating extraction,water washing,and acidification crystallization were carried out.The process was modeled and optimized.The design space was constructed.The recommended operating ranges for the critical process parameters were 3.0–4.0 h for alkalization time,60.0–80.0℃ for extraction temperature,2.0–3.0(volume ratio)for washing solution amount,and 2.0–2.4 mol·L^(-1) for hydrochloric acid concentration.The new process shows good robustness because different batches of medicinal materials did not greatly impact crystal purity or sinomenine transfer rate.The sinomenine transfer rate was about 20%higher than that of industrial processes.The greenness score increased to 90 points since the novel process proposed in this research solves the problems of long process flow,high solvent toxicity,and poor atomic economy,better aligning with the concept of green chemistry.

Method Verification and Validation of Hydralazine Hydrochloride: Spectrophotometric Analysis in Pure and Pharmaceutical Formulations

The new method proposed is based on the formation of hydralazine-Bromophenol blue ion pair simply and without further extraction or heating. The ion pair was prepared in the presence of pH 3 citrate buffer forming a yellow-colored chromogen. A new maximum UV-visible band formed at 416 nm. The color was stable for more than 10 hours and obeyed Beer’s Law over the concentration range of 10 - 50 µg/mL. The calculated molar absorptivity and Sandell’s sensitivity were 1.01 × 104 L∙mol−1∙cm−1 and 0.0514 µg/mL, respectively. The elements of method validation stipulated by The International Conference on Harmonization [Q2 (R1)] were applied for hydralazine hydrochloride assay in pure and pharmaceutical tablet formulation. The average recoveries of the pure solution and the pharmaceutical formulation were 98.94% and 99.50%, respectively. The results were statistically compared by F-test, which indicates that the method can be precise and repeatable for both pure and pharmaceutical solutions. The method was found to be accurate, reproducible, and cost-effective, and validated for the assay of hydralazine in terms of the routine quality control.

Carbon-doped CuFe_(2)O_(4) with C-O-M channels for enhanced Fenton-like degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride: From construction to mechanism

Carbon-doped copper ferrite(C–CuFe_(2)O_(4))was synthesized by a simple two-step hydrothermal method,which showed enhanced tetracycline hydrochloride(TCH)removal efficiency as compared to the pure CuFe_(2)O_(4) in Fenton-like reaction.A removal efficiency of 94%was achieved with 0.2 g L^(-1) catalyst and 20 mmol L^(-1) H_(2)O_(2) within 90 min.We demonstrated that 5%C–CuFe_(2)O_(4) catalyst in the presence of H_(2)O_(2) was significantly efficient for TCH degradation under the near-neutral pH(5–9)without buffer.Multiple techniques,including SEM,TEM,XRD,FTIR,Raman,XPS M€ossbauer and so on,were conducted to investigate the structures,morphologies and electronic properties of as-prepared samples.The introduction of carbon can effectively accelerate electron transfer by cooperating with Cu and Fe to activate H_(2)O_(2) to generate·OH and·O_(2)^(-).Particularly,theoretical calculations display that the p,p,d orbital hybridization of C,O,Cu and Fe can form C–O–Cu and C–O–Fe bonds,and the electrons on carbon can transfer to metal Cu and Fe along the C–O–Fe and C–O–Cu channels,thus forming electron-rich reactive centers around Fe and Cu.This work provides lightful reference for the modification of spinel ferrites in Fenton-like application.

Clinical effect of acupuncture at ghost points combined with fluoxetine hydrochloride on mild-to-moderate depression

BACKGROUND Depression is a common,chronic,and recurrent mood disorder that has become a worldwide health hazard.Fluoxetine hydrochloride,a common treatment method,can inhibit 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT)recycling in the presynaptic membrane;however,the efficacy of a single drug is inadequate.At present,mildto-moderate depression can be treated with acupuncture of ghost caves,but the clinical curative effect of combined therapy with fluoxetine hydrochloride has not been sufficiently reported.AIM To evaluate the clinical effect of acupuncture at ghost points combined with fluoxetine hydrochloride in the treatment of mild-to-moderate depression.METHODS This retrospective study included 160 patients with mild-to-moderate depression who were admitted to Shanghai Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine,Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,between January 2022 and June 2023.Patients were separated into a single-agent group(fluoxetine hydrochloride treatment,n=80)and a coalition group(fluoxetine hydrochloride treatment combined with acupuncture at ghost points,n=80).Pre-treatment symptoms were recorded,and the clinical curative effect and adverse reactions[Asberg Antidepressant Side Effects Scale(SERS)]were assessed.Depression before and after treatment[Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD)-24],neurotransmitter levels[5-HT,norepinephrine(NE),dopamine(DA)],oxidative stress indicators[superoxide dismutase(SOD),malondialdehyde(MDA)],and sleep quality[Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)]were compared.RESULTS The total efficacy rate was 97.50%in the coalition group and 86.25%in the single-agent group(P<0.05).After 2,4,6,and 8 wk of treatment,the HAMD,self-rating depression scale,and SERS scores of the coalition and single-agent groups decreased compared with pre-treatment,and the decrease was more significant in the coalition group(P<0.05).After 8 wk of treatment,the levels of NE,DA,5-HT,and SOD in the coalition and single-agent groups increased,while the levels of MDA decreased;the increases and decrease in the coalition group were more significant(P<0.05).The PSQI scores of the coalition and single-agent groups decreased,and the decrease was more significant in the coalition group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Acupuncture at ghost points combined with paroxetine tablets can safely improve depressive symptoms and sleep disorders,regulate neurotransmitter levels,and reduce stress responses in patients with mild-to-moderate depression.

Hypidone hydrochloride(YL-0919)ameliorates functional deficits after traumatic brain injury in mice by activating the sigma-1 receptor for antioxidation

Traumatic brain injury involves complex pathophysiological mechanisms,among which oxidative stress significantly contributes to the occurrence of secondary injury.In this study,we evaluated hypidone hydrochloride(YL-0919),a self-developed antidepressant with selective sigma-1 receptor agonist properties,and its associated mechanisms and targets in traumatic brain injury.Behavioral experiments to assess functional deficits were followed by assessment of neuronal damage through histological analyses and examination of blood-brain barrier permeability and brain edema.Next,we investigated the antioxidative effects of YL-0919 by assessing the levels of traditional markers of oxidative stress in vivo in mice and in vitro in HT22 cells.Finally,the targeted action of YL-0919 was verified by employing a sigma-1 receptor antagonist(BD-1047).Our findings demonstrated that YL-0919 markedly improved deficits in motor function and spatial cognition on day 3 post traumatic brain injury,while also decreasing neuronal mortality and reversing blood-brain barrier disruption and brain edema.Furthermore,YL-0919 effectively combated oxidative stress both in vivo and in vitro.The protective effects of YL-0919 were partially inhibited by BD-1047.These results indicated that YL-0919 relieved impairments in motor and spatial cognition by restraining oxidative stress,a neuroprotective effect that was partially reversed by the sigma-1 receptor antagonist BD-1047.YL-0919 may have potential as a new treatment for traumatic brain injury.

Analysis of the Efficacy of Atomoxetine Hydrochloride Combined with Psycho-Behavioral Modification Therapy in the Treatment of ADHD in Children

Objective: To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of atomoxetine hydrochloride (ATX) combined with psychological-behavioral modification therapy for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children. Methods: A total of 60 cases of ADHD children admitted to our hospital between November 2021 and November 2022 were selected and randomly grouped into Group I and Group II. There were 30 cases in Group I who were treated with ATX combined with psychological-behavioral modification therapy. There were 30 cases in Group II who were treated with ATX monotherapy, and the therapeutic effects were compared. Results: Before treatment, there was no difference in the behavioral problem scores and cognitive function indexes of the two groups (P>0.05). After treatment, the behavioral problem scores of Group I were lower than those of Group II, and the cognitive function indicators of Group I were lower than those of Group II (P < 0.05). The adverse reaction rate of Group I was lower than that of Group II, and the total effective rate was higher than that of Group II (P < 0.05). Conclusion: ATX combined with psychological-behavioral modification therapy improved the behavioral problems of ADHD children, enhanced their cognitive function, and reduced the adverse reactions to drug treatment.

乙酰半胱氨酸联合盐酸西替利嗪、孟鲁司特钠治疗变应性鼻炎的效果及对YKL-40、TGF-β水平的影响

目的分析乙酰半胱氨酸联合盐酸西替利嗪、孟鲁司特钠治疗变应性鼻炎的效果及对甲壳质酶蛋白40(YKL-40)、转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)水平的影响。方法选择2020年4月至2022年5月我院收治的120例变应性鼻炎患者为研究对象,以随机数字表法将其分为对照组和观察组,每组60例。对照组给予盐酸西替利嗪、孟鲁司特钠治疗,观察组在对照组基础上给予乙酰半胱氨酸治疗。比较两组的治疗效果。结果治疗后,观察组的鼻腔通气面积大于对照组,鼻气道阻力小于对照组,纤毛运动速率高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组的YKL-40、TGF-β水平低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组的白细胞介素-33(IL-33)、白细胞介素-4(IL-4)及免疫球蛋白E(IgE)水平低于对照组,γ干扰素(IFN-γ)水平高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论乙酰半胱氨酸联合盐酸西替利嗪、孟鲁司特钠治疗变应性鼻炎可缓解炎症反应,调节YKL-40、TGF-β水平,促进鼻腔功能恢复,值得推广。

经鼻高流量湿化氧疗联合布地奈德、盐酸氨溴索治疗新生儿肺炎的效果及对TGF-β1、LPS水平的影响

目的探究经鼻高流量湿化氧疗联合布地奈德、盐酸氨溴索治疗新生儿肺炎的效果。方法选择2019年1月至2022年2月收治的92例新生儿肺炎患儿为研究对象,以随机数字表法将其分为对照组和观察组,各46例。对照组接受布地奈德联合盐酸氨溴索治疗,观察组在对照组基础上加施经鼻高流量湿化氧疗。比较两组的治疗效果。结果观察组的体温恢复时间、呼吸困难缓解时间、肺啰音消失时间及住院时间短于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组的转化生长因子-β1(TGF-β1)、脂多糖(LPS)水平低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组的降钙素原(PCT)、可溶性髓样细胞触发受体-1(sTREM-1)及核因子-κB(NF-κB)水平低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论经鼻高流量湿化氧疗联合布地奈德、盐酸氨溴索治疗新生儿肺炎的效果较好,可改善临床症状及炎症反应,调节TGF-β1、LPS水平,缩短住院时间,值得推广。

盐酸埃他卡林对缺氧性肺动脉高压转化生长因子β1及其受体表达的影响

目的研究新型ATP敏感的钾通道开放剂(KATPCO)盐酸埃他卡林(IPT)对缺氧性肺动脉高压(HPH)肺组织转化生长因子β1(TGFβ1)及其受体表达的影响。方法SD大鼠随机分成IPT处理组1(对正常氧浓度饲养环境中的大鼠给予IPT1.5mg/kg灌胃)、IPT处理组2(对每日缺氧饲养的大鼠给予IPT1.5mg/kg灌胃)和正常对照组及HPH模型组(给予5ml/kg生理盐水灌胃)。测定各组大鼠肺组织TGFβ1及TGFβRⅠmRNA表达和肺血管平滑肌细胞TGFβ1及TGFβRⅠ阳性细胞数。结果HPH大鼠较正常大鼠肺组织TGFβ1转录水平mRNA的表达显著增加,而TGFβRⅠmRNA的表达减少。HPH大鼠肺血管平滑肌细胞TGFβ1蛋白质水平表达亦增加,而TGFβRⅠ阳性细胞数下降。IPT能显著抑制HPH组TGFβ1的表达。IPT显著上调HPH组TGFβRⅠ的表达。IPT处理组1与正常对照组大鼠比较,TGFβ1mRNA及TGFβ1阳性细胞数稍有下降;TGFβRⅠmRNA及TGFβRⅠ阳性细胞数稍有增加,但差异无显著性。结论HPH的增殖因素TGFβ增加。IPT可抑制HPH的这种增殖,可能的途径为TGFβ受体信号系统。

β-环糊精敏化荧光法测定黄柏中盐酸小檗碱的含量

采用β环糊精敏化荧光法测定黄柏提取液中盐酸小檗碱的含量.盐酸小檗碱是黄柏的主要提取物,与β环糊精可以形成包合物,产生敏化荧光作用.在7.50mg/mLβ环糊精水溶液中,选择荧光激发波长(λex)345nm,发射波长(λem)540nm,工作曲线线性范围0.10~1.00μg/mL,检出限1.33ng/mL,测得黄柏中盐酸小檗碱的含量为1.56%.此方法操作简单、准确,对中药中盐酸小檗碱的含量测定具有一定的参考价值.

四金化石汤加减治疗输尿管结石术后结石残留患者的临床效果及对患者β2微球蛋白、THP水平的影响

目的探讨四金化石汤加减治疗输尿管结石术后结石残留患者的临床效果,以及对患者β2微球蛋白、Tamm-Horsfall蛋白(THP)水平的影响。方法选取140例输尿管结石术后结石残留患者,随机分为对照组和观察组,每组70例。对照组服用盐酸坦索罗辛缓释胶囊治疗,观察组在对照组基础上加用四金化石汤加减治疗,两组均治疗4周。比较两组患者临床疗效、结石清除率和临床症状消失时间,以及治疗前后的中医证候积分和血清β2微球蛋白、尿THP水平,并统计患者治疗后6个月内的结石复发率。结果治疗后,观察组的疗效优于对照组,结石清除率高于对照组(P<0.05);两组中医证候总积分、血清β2微球蛋白和尿THP水平较治疗前降低,且观察组上述指标低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组的结石排净时间、疼痛消失时间、小便带血消失时间短于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组的结石复发率稍低于对照组,但组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论在常规西药治疗基础上,采用四金化石汤加减治疗输尿管结石术后结石残留患者的疗效显著,可改善患者的中医证候,缩短结石排净时间,提高结石清除率,可能与联合用药更能降低血清β2微球蛋白水平和尿THP水平有关。

盐酸青藤碱诱导人肝癌细胞凋亡及其对IL-1β,TNF及C/EBPβ水平的影响

目的观察盐酸青藤碱对人肝癌细胞SMMC-7721凋亡的影响,及其IL-1β、TNF-α及C/EBPβ水平的变化,探讨防治肝癌作用的可能机制。方法体外培养人肝癌细胞SMMC-7721,经不同浓度盐酸青藤碱作用后,采用MTT法检测细胞增殖;Annexin V-FITC/PI双标结合流式细胞术检测细胞的凋亡;ELISA法检测培养液中IL-1β、TNF-α的水平;Western blot技术检测盐酸青藤碱作用于人肝癌细胞后C/EBPβ的表达水平。结果盐酸青藤碱对人肝癌细胞的生长有明显的抑制作用,并呈剂量、时间依赖性,不同浓度组之间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同浓度(0、0.5、1和2mmol/L)的盐酸青藤碱处理肝癌细胞48h后,各组中凋亡细胞率分别为(8.31±0.81)%、(12.62±1.13)%;(27.43±0.97)%;(51.74±0.85)%,实验组与对照组之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);同时发现,与阴性对照组比较,盐酸青藤碱作用组SMMC-7721细胞上清液中IL-1β,TNF-α水平均明显下降,而C/EBPβ的表达水平显著增加(P<0.05)。结论盐酸青藤碱可抑制人肝癌细胞SMMC-7721的细胞增殖,促进其凋亡,此作用可能与其抑制转录因子C/EBPβ,炎症因子如TNF-α、IL-1β的表达,进而通过破坏肿瘤微环境作用有关。