STRUCTURE,MOLECULAR WEIGHT AND BIOACTIVITIES OF(1→3)-β-D-GLUCANS AND ITS SULFATED DERIVATIVES FROM FOUR KINDS OF LENTINUS EDODES

Lentinan samples,(1→3)-β-D-glucans containing 4.6-15.2 wt% proteins,coded as L-I_1 L-I_2 L-I_3 and L-I_4(L-I)were isolated from four kinds of Lentinus edodes.These glucans were treated with acetone to remove the protein in orderto obtain free protein glucans coded as LNP-I_1,LNP-I_2.LNP-I_3 and LNP-I_4(LNP-I).The free-protein polysaccharideswere sulfated to give derivatives(S-LNP-I)with degree of substitution(DS)from 0.4-0.8.The structural features andweight-average molecular weight(M_w)of the samples were investigated by using infrared spectroscopy,elemental analysis,^(13)C-NMR,size exclusion chromatography combined with laser light scattering(SEC-LLS)and viscometry.The effects ofstructure and conformation of the polysaccharides on antitumor activities were assayed in vivo(Sarcoma 180 solid tumors)and in vitro(Sarcoma 180,HL-60,MCF-7 and Vero tumors).The results indicated that the predominant species of thesamples L-I and LNP-I in 0.2 mol/L NaCl aqueous solution existed as triple-helical chains with high rigidity and in dimethylsulfoxide(DMSO)as single-flexible chains.Interestingly,the antitumor activities of LNP-I are lower than those of the nativeglucans(L-I),whereas their sulfated derivatives have higher inhibition ratio against Sarcoma 180 than LNP-I.The resultsreveal that the binding of protein,sulfated modification and the triple helix conformation are important factors in theenhancement of the antitumor activities of polysaccharides on the whole.

In situ fluorescence imaging of fungi via(1,3)-β-D-glucan aptamer and tyramide signal amplification technology

Fungal infections are hazardous to human health that has drawn wide attention.In this work,a specific and sensitive method combing the recognition of aptamer to(1,3)-β-D-glucan and tyramide signal amplification technology was proposed for the in situ fluorescence imaging of fungi.Fungi could be distinctly observed by fluorescence microscope rapidly.This method provides morphology and diagnostic information for identifying fungi.The combination of aptamer and tyramide signal amplification technology is a promising tool for the detection of fungi,bacteria and even eukaryotic cell with the virtue of biomarkers.

(1-3)-β-D葡聚糖联合降钙素原、CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞多指标在艾滋病患者马尔尼菲篮状菌感染早期诊断临床研究

目的探讨(1-3)-β-D葡聚糖联合降钙素原(procalcitonin,PCT)、CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞多指标在艾滋病患者马尔尼菲篮状菌感染早期诊断临床研究。方法回顾性选取我院2020年1月—2022年6月住院的120例艾滋病患者为研究对象。依据实验室结果,将其分为马尔尼菲篮状菌感染确诊组(血或组织液培育养出马尔尼菲篮状菌),简称A组(62例),及马尔尼菲篮状菌感染临床诊断组[根据临床症状、体征、血常规及(1-3)-β-D葡聚糖、PCT、CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞多指标诊断],简称B组(58例)。检测患者(1-3)-β-D葡聚糖、PCT、CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞的表达水平,采用受试者工作特征(receiver-operating characteristic,ROC)曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)评估上述指标联合检测对艾滋病患者感染马尔尼菲篮状菌的诊断效能。结果A组的(1-3)-β-D葡聚糖和PCT水平均高于B组,CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞个数低于B组(P<0.05);(1-3)-β-D葡聚糖、PCT、CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞联合检测的AUC为0.933,(1-3)-β-D葡聚糖单独检测的AUC是0.812,PCT单独检测的AUC为0.883,CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞单独检测的AUC是0.810,(1-3)-β-D葡聚糖、PCT和CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞联合检测的AUC皆优于三项单独检测,表明(1-3)-β-D葡聚糖、PCT和CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞联合检测的诊断价值皆优于单一指标诊断,且联合检测的特异度、约登指数分别为92.43%和0.580,均高于三项单独检测。结论(1-3)-β-D葡聚糖联合PCT和CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞多指标对艾滋病马尔尼菲篮状菌感染具有非常高的临床诊断价值,能够帮助医生分析出高危风险患者,及时制定治疗方案,同时也承担预后效果的判断依据,对治疗艾滋病马尔尼菲篮状菌感染具有非常重要的研究价值。

全自动(1,3)-β-D-葡聚糖检测对老年侵袭性真菌感染的诊断价值

探讨(1,3)-β-D-葡聚糖检测(G试验)自动化检测在老年侵袭性真菌感染(IFI)诊断中的临床意义及价值。方法 采用IGL-200全自动真菌细菌动态检测仪检测440例疑似IFI老年患者血清样本中(1,3)-β-D-葡聚糖含量。结果 440例临床血清样本中阳性59例(阳性率13.41%),阴性381例(阴性率86.59%)。结论 在结合临床表现及病原学检测的基础上,G试验是一种实用的IFI早期诊断指标,能够起到良好的筛查作用,亦能作为老年IFI的动态监测指标,具有较好的临床应用价值。使用全自动设备可以明显提高操作效率和实验准确性,对检验结果更具有保证。

糠秕马拉色菌引起2例导管相关感染病例及文献复习

目的报道2例由糠秕马拉色菌引起的导管相关感染病例。方法2例接受全肠外营养住院患者出现发热后,分别留取中心静脉导管(PICC)进行培养,使用BACT/ALERT 3D系统进行外周血培养,检测(1,3)-β-D葡聚糖。采用VITEK II Compact和基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱(MALDI-TOF MS)进行菌种鉴定,并进行26S rDNA D1/D2和rDNA ITS双向测序。采用E-test法进行抗真菌药敏试验,测试药物包括氟康唑、伏立康唑、伊曲康唑、两性霉素B和卡泊芬净。结果2名患者PICC培养7 d后血琼脂上有小菌落生长,用VITEK II和MALDI-TOF MS鉴定均为糠秕马拉色菌,经ITS和26S D1/D2测序分析证实。两名患者的外周血瓶培养30 d均为阴性,(1,3)-β-D葡聚糖小于150 pg/mL。两株糠秕马拉色菌的体外药敏试验结果相同,氟康唑、伏立康唑、伊曲康唑、两性霉素B和卡泊芬净的最低抑菌浓度(MIC)分别为>256μg/mL、>32μg/mL、0.38μg/mL、>32μg/mL和>32μg/mL。结论由马拉色菌引起的导管相关感染不易检出,当临床怀疑使用PICC患者感染马拉色菌时,建议延长培养时间或使用专用培养基。(1,3)-β-D葡聚糖对马拉色菌属所致导管相关感染的诊断帮助不大。伊曲康唑可能是治疗糠秕马拉色菌所致感染的合适选择。

GM试验联合血清白蛋白构建肺曲霉菌病预测诊断模型

目的通过对肺曲霉菌病(PA)患者和其他肺部疾病患者的生化指标、营养状况和免疫水平进行评估,构建PA的预测模型,提高临床PA的诊断效能。方法回顾性分析2020年1月至2022年8月就诊于该院的40例PA患者和39例其他肺部疾病患者,分析血清1,3-β-D葡聚糖检测(G试验)和半乳甘露聚糖检测(GM试验)、生化指标、血常规指标和细胞亚群的表达趋势及组间差异,并采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线和二元Logistic回归分析方法联合临床检验指标构建PA预测诊断模型。结果在PA患者和其他肺部疾病患者组间比较发现,血清GM试验、G试验、白蛋白、血红蛋白、血细胞比容、淋巴细胞、B淋巴细胞、CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞和CD4/CD8比值差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。PA组患者的肺泡灌洗液GM试验水平显著高于血清GM试验水平,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。经ROC曲线分析发现,GM试验作为PA诊断独立预测因子具有很好的预测准确度[0.85<曲线下面积(AUC)<0.95],白蛋白、自然杀伤细胞、CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞和CD4/CD8比值具有一般预测效能(0.70<AUC<0.85),G试验和B淋巴细胞的预测效能较差(AUC<0.70)。Logistic回归分析结果表明,联合GM试验和血清白蛋白能够构建最优预测模型,该联合模型的预测公式为:Logit(P)=17.781×GM-0.131×白蛋白^(+)1.394,预测准确度为0.924(95%CI:0.865~0.982),预测灵敏度为87.5%,特异度为81.2%,截断值为17.781×GM-0.131×白蛋白≥-1.735。结论该研究通过回顾性分析PA患者和其他肺部疾病患者多种临床指标组间差异,寻找在两组间具有显著差异表达的关键临床指标作为候选预测因子,进而通过ROC曲线和Logistic回归分析构建GM试验联合血清白蛋白用于PA诊断的最优预测模型,该模型可能能够显著提高临床PA的诊断效能,为临床上PA患者的早期诊断和有效治疗提供参考依据。

阿拉伯木聚糖、β-D-葡聚糖和α-纤维素涂层对杏果活性氧代谢的影响

使用阿拉伯木聚糖(arabinoxylan,AX)、(1,3;1,4)-β-D-葡聚糖((1,3;1,4)-β-D-glucan,BG)和α-纤维素复合溶液对采后杏果进行涂层处理,探究谷物细胞壁多糖涂层对采后杏果活性氧代谢系统的影响,并阐明其作用机理。结果表明:涂层能够有效抑制丙二醛和活性氧含量的上升,对照组的丙二醛、H2O2和O2-含量分别比ABF-C8处理组(α-纤维素质量浓度8 g/100 mL)高37.50%、33.33%和57.14%;此外,涂层处理还能维持杏果的抗氧化能力和抗氧化酶活性,其抗坏血酸和总酚含量分别比对照组高73.33%和8.40%;小麦细胞壁多糖涂层能够延缓杏果实呼吸过程中活性氧的产生和积累,从而保持细胞膜的完整性,同时涂层能够使水果和外界环境形成气体和水分之间的屏障,维持活性氧清除酶活性及抗氧化能力,从而延长采后杏果的贮藏期。

Effect of cinnamaldehyde on 1,3-β-D-glucans in cell wall of Candida albicans in immunosuppressed BALB/c mice

Objective： Invasive pulmonary candidiasis is a disease with high incidence, difficult treatment, poor prognosis, and high mortality. The present study analyzed the influence of cinnamaldehyde on 1,3-β-D-glucans in the cell wall of Candida albicans in order to provide a theoretical basis for the research of antifungal drugs.Methods： An immunosuppressed BALB/c mouse model with invasive pulmonary candidiasis was established by nasal perfusion of 50 μL of C. albicans suspension（107 cfu/mL）. 1,3-β-D-glucans examination and electron microscopy were carried out. Fluconazole was used as the control.Results： Cinnamaldehyde was administered at a dose of 240 mg/kg/d for 14 consecutive days, and the measured value of 1,3-β-D-glucans was（1160.62 ± 89.65） pg/mL, whereas that of fluconazole was（4285.87 ± 215.62） pg/m L. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant（P 〈 0.05）.Electron microscopy observation indicated that the 2-3 layers outside the cell wall of C. albicans（1,3-β-D-glucans layer） were rough, deformed, and incomplete, although the cell membrane was clear and intact.Conclusion： Cinnamaldehyde demonstrated special efficacy on 1,3-β-D-glucans in the cell wall of C. albicans.

PREPARATION AND STRUCTURE OF FIVE DERIVATIVES OF β-(1→3)-D-GLUCAN ISOLATED FROM PORIA COCOS SCLEROTIUM

A new solvent of cellulose (1.5 mol/L NaOH/0.5 mol/L urea aqueous solution) was used as one of the homogeneous reaction media of polysaccharides for methylation, hydroxyethylation and hydroxypropylation. A water insoluble β -(1—>3)-D-glucan, sample PCS3- isolated from fresh sclerotium of Poria cocos was sulfated in dimethyl sulfoxide (Me 2 SO), carboxymethylated in NaOH, isopropanol solution, as well as methylated, hydroxyethylated and hydroxypropylated in the new solvent system, respectively, to obtain five water-soluble derivatives coded as S-PCS3- C- PCS3- M-PCS3- HE-PCS3- and HP-PCS3- Their chemical structure and distribution of substitution were characterized by infrared spectroscopy (IR), elementary analysis (EA), 1 H-NMR, 13 C-NMR, 2D-COSY, 2D-TOCSY and 2D- 1 H-detected 1H 13C HMQC spectra. The results reveal that the relative reactivity of hydroxyl groups of the β -(1-?3)-D-glucan is in the order C-6 > C-4 > C-2 on the whole. The substitution of the samples S-PCS3- C-PCS3- and M-PCS3- occurred mainly at C-6 position and secondly at C-4 and C-2 positions, and that of HE-PCS3- occurred at C-6 and C-4 positions and of HP-PCS3- almost completely occurred at C-6 position. The degrees of substitution (DS) obtained from 13 C-NMR range from 0.23 to 1.27. The water solubility of the derivatives is in the order S-PCS3- >C-PCS3- >M-PCS3- >HE-PCS3- >HP-PCS3- This work provides a novel and nonpolluting process for the methylation, hydroxyethylation and hydroxypropylation of β -(1—>3)-D-glucan.

Integrative Extraction of Ergosterol, （1→3）-α-D-Glucan and Chitosan from Penicillium chrysogenum Mycelia

Abstract Ergosterol,（1→3）-α-D-glucan and chitosan are important biomaterials. In this research, a process has been developed to integratively extract ergosterol, （1→3）-α-D-glucan, and chitosan from Penicillium chrysongenum mycelium. First the mycelia are pretreated with 0.1mol·L^-1 of NaOH. After recovery by centrifugation the solid portion is made to undergo saponification and deacetylation reactaons by addition of 2mol·L^-1 NaOH and et anol.After reaction, extraction is carried out by addition of petroleum ether, which separates the reaction mixture into two phases. The upper layer of petroleum ether contains extracted ergosterol, and the .bottom layer of NaOH solution contains （1→3）-α-DEglucan; the chitosan is on the mycelia residuum. After isolation, the recovery yield of ergosterol is 0.52% of dry mycelium. That of （1→3）-α-D-glucan is about 8.2%; and chitosan is 5.7% with 86% deacetylation. The compositions have been characterized by 1R, HPLC analyses.

SOLUTION PROPERTIES OF ANTITUMOR CARBOXYMETHYLATED DERIVATIVES OF α-(1→3)-D-GLUCAN FROM GANODERMA LUCIDUM

Fractions of a water insoluble α-(1→3)-D-glucan (GL) extracted from Ganoderma lucidum were carboxy-methylated (CM) to obtain water-soluble carboxymethylated derivatives (CM-GL) having a degree of substitution (DS) of0.38～0.51. Weight-average molecular weight M_w and intrinsic viscosity [η] of the samples CM-GL were measured by gelpermeation chromatography combined with laser light scattering (GPC-LLS) and viscometry. The CM-GL exhibits a stifferchain in aqueous solution at 25℃ than the original glucan, The antitumor activities against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC,5×10~6) of the carboxymethylated derivatives from the α-glucan and curdlan, a β-glucan, are significantly higher than thoseof the original glucans. The effects of the relatively low molecular weight, expanded chains and better water-solubility of theCM-GL on the enhancement of antitumor activity could not be neglected. The chain stiffness decreased speedily withincrease of temperature from 40 to 60℃ or NaOH concentration from 0.1 to 0.4 in the solution, respectively, and the changeof the chain stiffness is reversible.

CRITICAL CONCENTRATIONS OF α(1→3)-D-GLUCAN FROM LENTINUS EDODES IN NaOH AQUEOUS SOLUTION

Critical concentrations of α-(1→3)-D-glucan L-FV-Ⅱ from Lentinus edodes were studied by viscometry andfluorescence probe techniques. The dependence of the reduced viscosity on concentration of the glucan in 0.5 mol/L NaOHaqueous solutions with or without urea showed two turning points corresponding to the dynamic contact concentration c_s andthe overlap concentration c~* of the polymer. The values of c_s and c~* were found to be 1×10^(-3) g cm^(-3) and 1.1×10^(-2) g cm^(-3),respectively, for L-FV-Ⅱ in 0.5 mol/L NaOH aqueous solutions. The two critical concentrations of L-FV-Ⅱ in 0.5 mol/LNaOH aqueous solutions were also found to be 1.2×10^(-3) g cm^(-3) fbr c_s and 9.2×10^(-3) g cm^(-3) for c~* from the concentrationdependence of phenanthrene fluorescence intensities. The overlap concentration c~* of L-FV-Ⅱ in 0.5 mol/L NaOH aqueoussolutions was lower than that of polystyrene with same molecular weight in benzene, owing to the fact that polysaccharidetends to undergo aggregation caused by intermolecular hydrogen bonding. A normal viscosity behavior of L-FV-Ⅱ in 0.5 mol/L urea/0.5 mol/L NaOH aqueous solutions can still be observed in an extremely low concentration range at 25℃.

β-D-葡聚糖通过下调HPV16 E6和重新激活p53调节HPV16阳性宫颈癌细胞的生物学行为

目的:研究β-D-葡聚糖在宫颈癌细胞中的作用及可能机制。方法:CCK-8法检测β-D-葡聚糖对宫颈癌细胞CaSki、HeLa和SiHa细胞增殖的影响,伤口愈合试验检测细胞迁移情况,流式细胞术检测细胞周期和细胞凋亡情况。采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(qRT-PCR)检测细胞中HPV16 E6/E7、HPV18 E6/E7、p53和p21 mRNA表达水平,Western blot检测N-钙黏蛋白、E-钙黏蛋白、p53、波形蛋白、p21蛋白表达水平。以宫颈癌CaSki细胞为研究对象,在雌性BALB/c小鼠皮下注射成瘤,验证β-D-葡聚糖在体内对肿瘤生长的抑制作用。结果:β-D-葡聚糖对不同宫颈癌细胞增殖的影响不同,对CaSki细胞增殖有显著的时间依赖性抑制作用,对HeLa细胞增殖无显著影响,对SiHa细胞作用72h后表现为促进增殖作用(P<0.05)。β-D-葡聚糖对CaSki、HeLa和SiHa细胞的迁移都有抑制作用(P<0.05)。β-D-葡聚糖对CaSki、SiHa的细胞周期有调节作用并能促进其凋亡(P<0.05),但对HeLa细胞无显著影响。与对照组相比,β-D-葡聚糖处理组CaSki和HeLa细胞中HPV16 E6 mRNA表达水平降低,p53和p21 mRNA表达水平在3种细胞中均升高(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,β-D-葡聚糖处理组3种细胞波形蛋白表达量降低,E-钙黏蛋白、p53和p21表达量增加(P<0.05)。结论:β-D-葡聚糖抑制宫颈癌细胞中HPV16 E6表达并上调p53和p21表达,抑制HPV16阳性宫颈癌细胞的增殖、迁移,调节细胞周期,促进细胞凋亡,并在体内发挥抗肿瘤作用。

支气管肺泡灌洗液GM试验联合血清G、GM试验在慢性肺曲霉菌病中的诊断价值

目的探讨支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)半乳甘露聚糖(GM)试验与血清(1,3)-β-D-葡聚糖抗原(G)试验、GM试验联合检测在慢性肺曲霉菌病(CPA)中的诊断价值。方法选取2020年7月至2022年6月牡丹江医学院附属红旗医院呼吸与危重症医学科住院的疑似CPA感染患者69例,行BALF GM试验及血清G、GM试验,确诊CPA感染患者30例,非CPA感染患者39例,对试验结果进行处理分析。结果BALF GM试验的敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值(PPV)、阴性预测值(NPV)分别为73.33%、64.10%、61.11%和75.76%;血清G、GM试验联合分别为63.33%、82.05%、73.08%和74.42%;BALF GM试验联合血清G、GM试验分别为93.33%、66.67%、68.29%和92.86%;CPA组BALF GM及血清G、GM水平分别为[1.31(0.61,2.07)]μg/L、[95.50(50.00,100.00)]pg/ml、[0.86(0.35,0.94)]μg/L,均显著高于非CPA组的[0.45(0.13,0.96)]μg/L、[60.00(40.00,68.00)]pg/ml、[0.34(0.09,0.86)]μg/L,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);绘制ROC曲线得出,BALF GM试验与血清G、GM联合检测工作特性曲线下的面积分别为0.756、0.778,三者联合检测工作特性曲线下的最大面积为0.834。结论BALF GM试验联合血清G试验、GM试验检测可有效提高CPA临床诊断率。

(1,3)-β-D葡聚糖检测与半乳甘露聚糖抗原检测诊断侵袭性真菌感染的临床价值分析

目的研究(1,3)-β-D葡聚糖检测(G试验)和半乳甘露聚糖抗原检测(GM试验)诊断侵袭性真菌感染的价值,为临床进一步治疗提供依据。方法84例怀疑患有侵袭性真菌感染的患者,病理学检查确诊侵袭性真菌感染37例(44.05%),非侵袭性真菌感染47例(55.95%)。所有患者均进行GM试验、G试验检测。以病理学检查结果为金标准,对比侵袭性真菌感染和非侵袭性真菌感染患者G试验、GM试验的检测值,不同检测方法的诊断效能。结果侵袭性真菌感染患者G试验、GM试验的检测值分别为(243.68±68.26)pg/ml、(0.55±0.21),均高于非侵袭性真菌感染患者的(23.10±8.65)pg/ml、(0.25±0.10),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。G试验单一检测的准确度和敏感度分别为70.27%(26/37)、78.57%(66/84),GM试验单一检测的准确度和敏感度分别为56.76%(21/37)、75.00%(63/84),G试验与GM试验串联检测的准确度和敏感度分别为51.35%(19/37)、66.67%(56/84),G试验与GM试验并联检测的准确度和敏感度分别为97.30%(36/37)、97.62%(82/84);G试验与GM试验并联检测的准确度和敏感度均高于G试验、GM试验单一检测和串联检测,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论G试验与GM试验对侵袭性真菌感染的诊断均较准确,但是将两种方法进行并联检测可以提高诊断的准确度和敏感度,为临床治疗提供更加可靠的依据。

G试验、GM试验及内毒素在烧伤患者中的诊断价值

目的 探讨(1,3)-β-D葡聚糖(G试验)和血清半乳甘露聚糖(GM试验)、内毒素(LPS)在烧伤患者中的诊断价值。方法 回顾分析2020年1月至2022年10月郑州市第一人民医院收治的351例烧伤患者为研究对象,以真菌培养为金标准分为侵袭性真菌感染组(N=132)和非感染组(N=219),分析G试验、GM试验、LPS及三者联合诊断价值。结果 132例患者为侵袭性真菌感染,感染率为37.61%(132/351);三者联合诊断结果的准确率、灵敏度、特异度均高于G试验、GM试验、LPS,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);三者联合诊断烧伤侵袭性真菌感染的AUC值(0.941)均高于G试验、GM试验、LPS(0.838、0.794、0.712)。结论 G试验、GM试验及内毒素可用于烧伤侵袭性真菌感染患者,且三者联合用于烧伤侵袭性真菌感染的诊断具有较高诊断价值。

qRT-PCR、G试验及GM试验在侵袭性真菌感染诊断中的价值

目的:研究实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(qRT-PCR)、(1,3)-β-D-葡聚糖试验(G试验)和半乳甘露聚糖抗原试验(GM试验)在侵袭性真菌感染诊断中的价值。方法:选择2020年1月至2022年6月在郑州市第一人民医院就医的147例可疑侵袭性真菌感染患者为研究对象,采用真菌培养法鉴定感染组真菌类型。分别采用qRT-PCR、G试验及GM试验检测可疑侵袭性真菌感染患者样本,以真菌培养结果为标准,分析qRT-PCR、G试验及GM试验在侵袭性真菌感染诊断中的价值。结果:147例可疑侵袭性真菌感染患者中,86例检测到侵袭性真菌(阳性率58.5%),包括白色念珠菌21例(24.4%)、曲霉菌18例(20.9%)、热带念珠菌15例(17.4%)、隐球菌12例(13.9%)、马拉色菌10例(11.6%)、酵母菌10例(11.6%)。147例可疑侵袭性真菌感染患者中qRT-PCR检测阳性74例,阳性率50.3%;G试验检测阳性63例,阳性率42.9%;GM试验检测阳性55例,阳性率37.4%。qRT-PCR诊断侵袭性真菌感染灵敏度高于G试验及GM试验,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);G实验诊断侵袭性真菌感染特异度高于qRT-PCR及GM试验,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:qRT-PCR对侵袭性真菌感染的检出阳性率高于G试验及GM试验。qRT-PCR诊断侵袭性真菌感染灵敏度高于G试验及GM试验,G实验诊断侵袭性真菌感染特异度高于qRT-PCR及GM试验。

2种中草药静脉注射剂细菌内毒素检查方法的研究

目的 :研究 2种中草药静脉注射剂的细菌内毒素检查方法。方法 :通过试验证明黄芪注射液、刺五加注射液对BET检查均有增强作用。结果 :通过加入过量的 ( 1 3) β D glucan溶液可消除对BET检查的干扰。结论 :此 2种中草药静脉注射剂可以用BET法取代热原检查法。

啤酒酵母中(1→3)-β-D-葡聚糖的提取及其机理研究

分别采用酸法、酸碱法来提取啤酒酵母中的(1→3) β D 葡聚糖,然后对其产品进行多糖成分和紫外光谱分析。结果发现,在用c(CH3COOH)=0 5mol/L的水溶液提取啤酒酵母中的(1→3) β D 葡聚糖时,其产品中除含有葡聚糖外,还含有一定量的甘露聚糖和蛋白质这两种成分。但先用c(NaOH)=1 0mol/L的水溶液提取,再用w(CH3COOH)=4%的醋酸溶液处理时,产品为高纯度的(1→3) β D 葡聚糖。此结论由傅立叶红外光谱和核磁共振碳谱得到进一步的证实。接着从其水解机理上阐述了产生上述两种不同结果的原因,从而说明了酸碱法是从啤酒酵母中提取(1→3) β D 葡聚糖的理想途径。

深部真菌感染患者血浆1-3-β-D葡聚糖检测的临床意义

目的探讨深部真菌感染患者血浆1-3-β-D葡聚糖检测的临床意义。方法 应用ME-80微生物动态快速 检测系统,及GKT-5M Set动态真菌检测试剂盒定量检测血浆中1-3-β-D葡聚糖的含量。结果正常对照组血浆 1-3-β-D葡聚糖含量为(2.83士2.57)μg／L;深部真菌感染组为(54.06士36.13)μg／L,经t检验分析,对照组与深部 真菌感染组1-3-β-D葡聚糖平均值差异非常显著(t=7.741,P<0.001)。结论 血浆葡聚糖检测可在拟诊早期为 临床医生提供机体是否感染真菌的可靠信息,是一种实用的真菌感染早期诊断方法。