Expression of β-catenin Protein in Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Its Relationship with Alpha-fetoprotein

This study aimed to investigate the expression of β-catenin in hepatocellular carcinoma（HCC） tissues and its relationship with α-fetoprotein（AFP） in HCC.Immunohistochemistry was used to determine the expression of β-catenin in normal liver tissues（n=10）,liver cirrhosis tissues（n=20）,and primary HCC tissues（n=60）.The relationship between β-catenin expression and clinical parameters of HCC was investigated.Real-time PCR and Western blotting were used to detect the m RNA and protein expression levels of β-catenin in the liver cancer cell line SMMC-7721 transfected with a plasmid encoding AFP,and also the m RNA and protein expression levels of β-catenin were measured in the liver cancer cell line Huh7 before and after the transfection with AFP sh RNA plasmids.The results showed that β-catenin was only expressed on the cell membrane in normal liver tissues.Its localization to the cytoplasm and nucleus of cells was observed in a small proportion of cirrhotic tissues or adjacent HCC tissues,and such ectopic expression of β-catenin was predominant in HCC tissues.The abnormal expression of β-catenin was correlated with serum AFP levels,cancer cell differentiation and vascular invasion（P〈0.05）.Additionally,the increased expression of AFP resulted in the upregulation of β-catenin m RNA and protein levels,while knockdown of AFP with AFP sh RNA led to significantly decreased β-catenin m RNA and protein levels（P〈0.05）.It was suggested that the abnormal expression of β-catenin is implicated in hepatic carcinogenesis and development.AFP can lead to increased expression of β-catenin,which may account for the poor prognosis of AFP-associated HCC patients.

松脂醇二葡萄糖苷激活Wnt/β-catenin信号通路保护成骨细胞

背景:松脂醇二葡萄糖苷可以促进骨形成与骨基质的合成,加速骨组织修复,但其对成骨细胞的影响和作用机制仍需进一步探索。目的:基于Wnt/β-catenin信号通路探讨松脂醇二葡萄糖苷对地塞米松干预成骨细胞的影响和作用机制。方法:设置不同浓度的地塞米松组和松脂醇二葡萄糖苷组对成骨细胞干预24 h,筛选最佳干预浓度;使用地塞米松、松脂醇二葡萄糖苷和Wnt/β-catenin抑制剂XAV-939对成骨细胞进行干预,设置对照组、地塞米松组、抑制剂组、松脂醇二葡萄糖苷组、松脂醇二葡萄糖苷+抑制剂组。CCK-8法检测细胞活性,检测各组细胞碱性磷酸酶和半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白酶3/7酶活性,Annexin V/PI染色与EdU法检测细胞凋亡与增殖情况,Real-Time qPCR检测Wnt3a、β-catenin、c-myc、骨钙素、Ⅰ型胶原蛋白的mRNA表达水平,Western Blot检测Wnt3a、β-catenin、c-myc、骨钙素、Ⅰ型胶原蛋白的蛋白表达水平。结果与结论:①地塞米松和松脂醇二葡萄糖苷干预成骨细胞24 h后,发现浓度为10μmol/L的地塞米松细胞抑制率为实验最佳干预浓度;松脂醇二葡萄糖苷浓度在100μmol/L时,细胞增殖最为明显;②与地塞米松组比较,松脂醇二葡萄糖苷组的碱性磷酸酶活性显著增强(P<0.05),半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白酶3/7酶活性显著降低(P<0.05);Annexin V/PI染色和EdU法细胞增殖检测结果表明,松脂醇二葡萄糖苷可抑制地塞米松干预后成骨细胞的凋亡,促进成骨细胞增殖;③与地塞米松组和抑制剂组比较,松脂醇二葡萄糖苷组和松脂醇二葡萄糖苷+抑制剂组中Wnt3a、β-catenin、c-myc、骨钙素、Ⅰ型胶原蛋白mRNA和蛋白表达水平均显著升高(P<0.05);④结果表明,松脂醇二葡萄糖苷可以抑制地塞米松干预后的成骨细胞凋亡,通过激活Wnt/β-catenin信号通路来保护成骨细胞活性,促进成骨细胞增殖,可能发挥延缓激素性股骨头坏死的作用。

压应力激活SOST/Wnt/β-catenin 通路诱导软骨终板细胞退变

背景:在许多可以导致椎间盘退变的因素中(衰老、营养匮乏、机械因素等),力学负荷被认为是极其重要的因素,但其机制尚不清楚。目的:探讨硬骨素和Wnt/β-catenin信号通路在压应力诱导终板软骨退变中的作用。方法:提取4周龄雄性SD大鼠软骨终板细胞,体外利用力学加载仪器对终板软骨细胞施加压应力,于压缩细胞1,3,5,7 d,采用CCK-8法测定细胞活力;Western blot、RT-qPCR及细胞免疫荧光等检查终板软骨细胞内软骨标记物(聚集蛋白聚糖、Ⅱ型胶原)、钙化相关因子(Runx2、骨钙素)、细胞外基质降解酶及信号通路基因(硬骨素、β-catenin)等表达。结果与结论:①压应力作用下,终板软骨细胞活力会随着压应力时间、强度增加而降低;②终板软骨细胞的软骨标记物(聚集蛋白聚糖、Ⅱ型胶原)表达下降,而钙化相关因子(Runx2、骨钙素)表达上升;③压应力能促进终板软骨细胞的细胞外基质降解,基质金属蛋白酶3、基质金属蛋白酶13表达量增加;④细胞内Wnt/β-catenin信号通路表达出现异常,其特异性抑制因子硬骨素伴随着β-catenin的异常积累而表达下降。结果说明:在压应力作用下,终板软骨细胞内硬骨素的表达下降,导致Wnt/β-catenin信号通路激活,促进软骨终板的钙化、退变与细胞外基质的降解,进而促进椎间盘退变。

Protein arginine methyltransferase-6 regulates heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein-F expression and is a potential target for the treatment of neuropathic pain

Protein arginine methyltransferase-6 participates in a range of biological functions,particularly RNA processing,transcription,chromatin remodeling,and endosomal trafficking.However,it remains unclear whether protein arginine methyl transferase-6 modifies neuropathic pain and,if so,what the mechanisms of this effect.In this study,protein arginine methyltransferase-6 expression levels and its effect on neuropathic pain were investigated in the spared nerve injury model,chronic constriction injury model and bone cancer pain model,using immunohistochemistry,western blotting,immunoprecipitation,and label-free proteomic analysis.The results showed that protein arginine methyltransferase-6 mostly co-localized withβ-tubulinⅢin the dorsal root ganglion,and that its expression decreased following spared nerve injury,chronic constriction injury and bone cancer pain.In addition,PRMT6 knockout(Prmt6~(-/-))mice exhibited pain hypersensitivity.Furthermore,the development of spared nerve injury-induced hypersensitivity to mechanical pain was attenuated by blocking the decrease in protein arginine methyltransferase-6 expression.Moreover,when protein arginine methyltransferase-6 expression was downregulated in the dorsal root ganglion in mice without spared nerve injury,increased levels of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinases were observed in the ipsilateral dorsal horn,and the response to mechanical stimuli was enhanced.Mechanistically,protein arginine methyltransferase-6 appeared to contribute to spared nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain by regulating the expression of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein-F.Additionally,protein arginine methyltransfe rase-6-mediated modulation of hete rogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein-F expression required amino atids 319 to 388,but not classical H3R2 methylation.These findings indicated that protein arginine methyltransferase-6 is a potential therapeutic target fo r the treatment of peripheral neuro pathic pain.

Exploring the interaction between the gut microbiota and cyclic adenosine monophosphate-protein kinase A signaling pathway:a potential therapeutic approach for neurodegenerative diseases

The interaction between the gut microbiota and cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP)-protein kinase A(PKA)signaling pathway in the host's central nervous system plays a crucial role in neurological diseases and enhances communication along the gut–brain axis.The gut microbiota influences the cAMP-PKA signaling pathway through its metabolites,which activates the vagus nerve and modulates the immune and neuroendocrine systems.Conversely,alterations in the cAMP-PKA signaling pathway can affect the composition of the gut microbiota,creating a dynamic network of microbial-host interactions.This reciprocal regulation affects neurodevelopment,neurotransmitter control,and behavioral traits,thus playing a role in the modulation of neurological diseases.The coordinated activity of the gut microbiota and the cAMP-PKA signaling pathway regulates processes such as amyloid-β protein aggregation,mitochondrial dysfunction,abnormal energy metabolism,microglial activation,oxidative stress,and neurotransmitter release,which collectively influence the onset and progression of neurological diseases.This study explores the complex interplay between the gut microbiota and cAMP-PKA signaling pathway,along with its implications for potential therapeutic interventions in neurological diseases.Recent pharmacological research has shown that restoring the balance between gut flora and cAMP-PKA signaling pathway may improve outcomes in neurodegenerative diseases and emotional disorders.This can be achieved through various methods such as dietary modifications,probiotic supplements,Chinese herbal extracts,combinations of Chinese herbs,and innovative dosage forms.These findings suggest that regulating the gut microbiota and cAMP-PKA signaling pathway may provide valuable evidence for developing novel therapeutic approaches for neurodegenerative diseases.

Spastin and alsin protein interactome analyses begin to reveal key canonical pathways and suggest novel druggable targets

Developing effective and long-term treatment strategies for rare and complex neurodegenerative diseases is challenging. One of the major roadblocks is the extensive heterogeneity among patients. This hinders understanding the underlying disease-causing mechanisms and building solutions that have implications for a broad spectrum of patients. One potential solution is to develop personalized medicine approaches based on strategies that target the most prevalent cellular events that are perturbed in patients. Especially in patients with a known genetic mutation, it may be possible to understand how these mutations contribute to problems that lead to neurodegeneration. Protein–protein interaction analyses offer great advantages for revealing how proteins interact, which cellular events are primarily involved in these interactions, and how they become affected when key genes are mutated in patients. This line of investigation also suggests novel druggable targets for patients with different mutations. Here, we focus on alsin and spastin, two proteins that are identified as “causative” for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and hereditary spastic paraplegia, respectively, when mutated. Our review analyzes the protein interactome for alsin and spastin, the canonical pathways that are primarily important for each protein domain, as well as compounds that are either Food and Drug Administration–approved or are in active clinical trials concerning the affected cellular pathways. This line of research begins to pave the way for personalized medicine approaches that are desperately needed for rare neurodegenerative diseases that are complex and heterogeneous.

AAV mediated carboxyl terminus of Hsp70 interacting protein overexpression mitigates the cognitive and pathological phenotypes of APP/PS1 mice

The E3 ubiquitin ligase,carboxyl terminus of heat shock protein 70(Hsp70)interacting protein(CHIP),also functions as a co-chaperone and plays a crucial role in the protein quality control system.In this study,we aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effect of overexpressed CHIP on Alzheimer’s disease.We used an adeno-associated virus vector that can cross the blood-brain barrier to mediate CHIP overexpression in APP/PS1 mouse brain.CHIP overexpression significantly ameliorated the performance of APP/PS1 mice in the Morris water maze and nest building tests,reduced amyloid-βplaques,and decreased the expression of both amyloid-βand phosphorylated tau.CHIP also alleviated the concentration of microglia and astrocytes around plaques.In APP/PS1 mice of a younger age,CHIP overexpression promoted an increase in ADAM10 expression and inhibitedβ-site APP cleaving enzyme 1,insulin degrading enzyme,and neprilysin expression.Levels of HSP70 and HSP40,which have functional relevance to CHIP,were also increased.Single nuclei transcriptome sequencing in the hippocampus of CHIP overexpressed mice showed that the lysosomal pathway and oligodendrocyte-related biological processes were up-regulated,which may also reflect a potential mechanism for the neuroprotective effect of CHIP.Our research shows that CHIP effectively reduces the behavior and pathological manifestations of APP/PS1 mice.Indeed,overexpression of CHIP could be a beneficial approach for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease.

Regulator of G protein signaling 6 mediates exercise-induced recovery of hippocampal neurogenesis,learning,and memory in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease

Hippocampal neuronal loss causes cognitive dysfunction in Alzheimer’s disease.Adult hippocampal neurogenesis is reduced in patients with Alzheimer’s disease.Exercise stimulates adult hippocampal neurogenesis in rodents and improves memory and slows cognitive decline in patients with Alzheimer’s disease.However,the molecular pathways for exercise-induced adult hippocampal neurogenesis and improved cognition in Alzheimer’s disease are poorly understood.Recently,regulator of G protein signaling 6(RGS6)was identified as the mediator of voluntary running-induced adult hippocampal neurogenesis in mice.Here,we generated novel RGS6fl/fl;APP_(SWE) mice and used retroviral approaches to examine the impact of RGS6 deletion from dentate gyrus neuronal progenitor cells on voluntary running-induced adult hippocampal neurogenesis and cognition in an amyloid-based Alzheimer’s disease mouse model.We found that voluntary running in APP_(SWE) mice restored their hippocampal cognitive impairments to that of control mice.This cognitive rescue was abolished by RGS6 deletion in dentate gyrus neuronal progenitor cells,which also abolished running-mediated increases in adult hippocampal neurogenesis.Adult hippocampal neurogenesis was reduced in sedentary APP_(SWE) mice versus control mice,with basal adult hippocampal neurogenesis reduced by RGS6 deletion in dentate gyrus neural precursor cells.RGS6 was expressed in neurons within the dentate gyrus of patients with Alzheimer’s disease with significant loss of these RGS6-expressing neurons.Thus,RGS6 mediated voluntary running-induced rescue of impaired cognition and adult hippocampal neurogenesis in APP_(SWE) mice,identifying RGS6 in dentate gyrus neural precursor cells as a possible therapeutic target in Alzheimer’s disease.

AAV-mediated expression of p65shRNA and bone morphogenetic protein 4 synergistically enhances chondrocyte regeneration

BACKGROUND:Adeno-associated virus(AAV)gene therapy has been proven to be reliable and safe for the treatment of osteoarthritis in recent years.However,given the complexity of osteoarthritis pathogenesis,single gene manipulation for the treatment of osteoarthritis may not produce satisfactory results.Previous studies have shown that nuclear factorκB could promote the inflammatory pathway in osteoarthritic chondrocytes,and bone morphogenetic protein 4(BMP4)could promote cartilage regeneration.OBJECTIVE:To test whether combined application of AAV-p65shRNA and AAV-BMP4 will yield the synergistic effect on chondrocytes regeneration and osteoarthritis treatment.METHODS:Viral particles containing AAV-p65-shRNA and AAV-BMP4 were prepared.Their efficacy in inhibiting inflammation in chondrocytes and promoting chondrogenesis was assessed in vitro and in vivo by transfecting AAV-p65-shRNA or AAV-BMP4 into cells.The experiments were divided into five groups:PBS group;osteoarthritis group;AAV-BMP4 group;AAV-p65shRNA group;and BMP4-p65shRNA 1:1 group.Samples were collected at 4,12,and 24 weeks postoperatively.Tissue staining,including safranin O and Alcian blue,was applied after collecting articular tissue.Then,the optimal ratio between the two types of transfected viral particles was further investigated to improve the chondrogenic potential of mixed cells in vivo.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The combined application of AAV-p65shRNA and AAV-BMP4 together showed a synergistic effect on cartilage regeneration and osteoarthritis treatment.Mixed cells transfected with AAV-p65shRNA and AAV-BMP4 at a 1:1 ratio produced the most extracellular matrix synthesis(P<0.05).In vivo results also revealed that the combination of the two viruses had the highest regenerative potential for osteoarthritic cartilage(P<0.05).In the present study,we also discovered that the combined therapy had the maximum effect when the two viruses were administered in equal proportions.Decreasing either p65shRNA or BMP4 transfected cells resulted in less collagen II synthesis.This implies that inhibiting inflammation by p65shRNA and promoting regeneration by BMP4 are equally important for osteoarthritis treatment.These findings provide a new strategy for the treatment of early osteoarthritis by simultaneously inhibiting cartilage inflammation and promoting cartilage repair.

补中益气汤协同Siβ-catenin调控Wnt/β-catenin信号通路干预肺腺癌顺铂耐药性的分子机制研究

目的:探讨补中益气汤含药血清协同Siβ-catenin调控Wnt/β-catenin信号通路干预A549/DDP细胞顺铂耐药性的分子机制研究。方法:采用siRNA干扰沉默β-catenin的表达,Western blot检测正常血清组、顺铂组、siCTNNB1-235组、siCTNNB1-510组、siCTNNB1-547组A549/DDP细胞的β-catenin蛋白的相对表达量;干扰β-catenin后,Western blot检测各组A549/DDP细胞β-catenin和Survivin的蛋白表达量,MTT法检测各组A549/DDP细胞对顺铂的IC50,Annexin V/PI染色法检测各组A549/DDP细胞顺铂诱导的凋亡率。结果:相较于正常血清组(1.00),siCTNNB1-235组(0.323±0.021)对β-catenin表达抑制率达67%(P=0.000)。RNAi技术沉默β-catenin后,与正常血清组(1.00)相比,补中益气汤联合顺铂组的Survivin(0.247±0.015)和β-catenin(0.257±0.015)蛋白的表达下调更为明显(P=0.000,P=0.000)。IC50和正常血清组(28.330±1.029)µmol/L相比,单独补中益气汤含药血清(20.350±1.155)µmol/L或单独瞬时转染siCTNNB1-235组(15.577±1.535)µmol/L均可降低A549/DDP细胞顺铂的IC50(P=0.000,P=0.000),2者联合(10.453±0.999)µmol/L使用可进一步降低顺铂的IC50(P=0.000)。与正常血清组(9.130±0.384)%相比,瞬时转染siCTNNB1-235联合顺铂组(64.393±0.244)%和补中益气汤联合顺铂组(70.120±0.400)%的总凋亡率均升高(P=0.000,P=0.000)。结论:补中益气汤含药血清和瞬时转染siβ-catenin在抑制Wnt/β-catenin信号通路改善肺腺癌顺铂耐药性方面具有协同效应,且补中益气汤具有siβ-catenin瞬时转染样效应。

低氧微环境通过TGFBI调控Wnt/β-catenin通路介导胰腺癌化疗耐药及机制研究

目的:研究低氧微环境通过TGFBI调控胰腺癌耐药的作用及分子机制。方法:以CCK-8方法检测细胞增殖;以Western blotting技术检测蛋白表达水平;以ImageJ软件分析蛋白灰度值;RNAi技术用于敲减TGFBI基因。结果:TGFBI在Panc-1细胞中表达比正常细胞增强;低氧促进胰腺癌细胞Panc-1增殖并减弱顺铂对Panc-1的抑制作用,而高氧抑制Panc-1细胞增殖并加强顺铂的杀伤作用;低氧促进TGFBI表达及EMT行为;低氧通过TGFBI调控Panc-1细胞增殖及顺铂的杀伤作用;低氧通过TGFBI调控Wnt/β-catenin信号,进而促进EMT行为。结论:低氧微环境通过增强TGFBI表达促进胰腺癌细胞增殖及耐药;低氧微环境通过TGFBI激活Wnt/β-catenin信号通路,促进EMT标志分子表达。

CTNND1通过Wnt/β-catenin信号通路调控胰腺癌细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭

目的:研究CTNND1调控胰腺癌细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭的机制,为胰腺癌精准治疗提供新理论依据。方法:通过生信分析验证CTNND1在胰腺癌和正常组织中的表达,免疫组织化学(IHC)和qPCR进一步验证。Transwell、划痕实验和细胞增殖试验用于研究CTNND1对胰腺癌细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭的影响。裸鼠皮下成瘤实验检测CTNND1对人胰腺癌细胞成瘤能力的影响。结果:在胰腺癌细胞中敲低CTNND1可以抑制胰腺癌细胞的Wnt/β-catenin信号通路以及增殖、迁移和侵袭能力。加入LiCl(Wnt/β-catenin特异性激活剂)能部分恢复CTNND1敲低胰腺癌细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭能力。裸鼠皮下成瘤显示,敲低CTNND1抑制了肿瘤裸鼠皮下成瘤。结论:敲低CTNND1能从体内外通过Wnt/β-catenin信号通路调控胰腺癌的增殖、迁移和侵袭及皮下成瘤能力。

Wnt/β-catenin信号通路的中药调控与创面愈合

创面愈合是由于外伤、糖尿病溃疡、压疮、感染和术后创面不愈合等多种因素导致的如表皮、真皮、肌肉、筋膜等局部组织的损伤,其愈合过程是一个复杂且动态的程序,涉及到多种细胞反应和周围微环境的相互配合。目前,创面发病率呈逐年增长的趋势,造成了全球范围内巨大的社会和经济负担,老龄人口中发生的慢性损伤随着年龄的增长而逐年攀升。当前,修复创面的药物种类及方法多样,一定程度上减轻了患者的生理、心理和经济社会压力。中药单体及复方制剂修复创面具有独特的优势和力量,引起社会各界广泛的关注及应用,Wnt/β-catenin是调节细胞增殖、分化及凋亡,高度参与创面修复,是皮肤损伤修复过程中最重要的经典信号通路之一。Wnt/β-catenin信号通路通过中药单体及复方制剂降低机体创面中蛋白激酶、炎症反应,促进血管新生和表皮干细胞等表达,对创面愈合的治疗具有重要的参考价值。本文复习国内外相关文献,对Wnt/β-catenin信号通路与创面的关系及中药单体和中药复方通过调控该信号通路影响创面愈合的机制进行归纳总结,为中药治疗创面损伤提供新的思路和方向。

ADAMDEC1通过Wnt/β-catenin信号通路调控胰腺癌细胞的生长和转移

目的:探究敲减解整联蛋白及金属蛋白酶(a disintegrin and metalloproteinase,ADAM)结构域样癸蛋白1(ADAM domain-like decysin 1,ADAMDEC1)对胰腺癌细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭能力的影响。方法:利用GEPIA和UALCAN在线数据库对ADAMDEC1在胰腺癌组织中的表达情况进行分析。Western blot检测人胰腺癌细胞系(MIA PaCa-2和PANC-1)和胰腺导管细胞系(hTERT-HPNE)中ADAMDEC1的蛋白表达水平。采用CCK-8实验、集落形成实验、细胞划痕实验和Transwell实验检测敲减ADAMDEC1对胰腺癌细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭能力的影响;Western blot检测敲减ADAMDEC1对胰腺癌细胞中迁移、侵袭及Wnt/β-catenin信号通路相关蛋白表达水平的影响。此外,通过恢复性实验,检测Wnt/β-catenin信号通路激动剂CHIR-99021对敲减ADAMDEC1抑制胰腺癌细胞生长和转移作用的影响。结果:(1)ADAMDEC1在胰腺癌中高表达;(2)敲减ADAMDEC1表达后,胰腺癌细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭能力显著下降;(3)敲减ADAMDEC1后,E-cadherin蛋白表达增加,而基质金属蛋白酶9、N-cadherin和vimentin蛋白表达减少,Wnt/β-catenin信号通路相关蛋白表达亦减少;(4)CHIR-99021与ADAMDEC1小干扰RNA共处理胰腺癌细胞,可逆转敲减ADAMDEC1对胰腺癌细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭能力的抑制作用。结论:ADAMDEC1在胰腺癌中高表达,可通过Wnt/β-catenin信号通路调控胰腺癌细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭。

下调METTL5通过Wnt/β-catenin信号通路抑制三阴乳腺癌细胞增殖、迁移与侵袭

目的探讨甲基转移酶5(methyltransferase-like 5,METTL5)在三阴乳腺癌(triple-negative breast cancer,TNBC)中的作用和潜在机制。方法采用免疫组织化学方法和Western blot检测TNBC肿瘤组织和细胞系中METTL5的表达情况。用靶向METTL5的shRNA(shRNA-METTL5)转染TNBC细胞后,用CCK-8、集落形成、伤口愈合以及Transwell实验分别检测细胞增殖活性、迁移与侵袭,Western blot检测Wnt/β-catenin信号关键蛋白的表达。构建异种移植瘤模型,验证敲降METTL5对TNBC细胞在体内生长以及Wnt/β-catenin信号活性的影响。结果METTL5在TNBC肿瘤组织和细胞系中表达上调(P<0.01)。敲降METTL5可抑制TNBC细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭并降低了Wnt/β-catenin信号分子β-catenin、细胞周期蛋白(Cyclin)D1、基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)-2和MMP-7的表达(均P<0.01)。体内实验显示,敲降METTL5减缓了移植瘤生长和Wnt/β-catenin信号活性。结论敲降METTL5能抑制TNBC细胞的增殖、迁移与侵袭,其作用可能与抑制Wnt/β-catenin信号通路有关。

松果菊苷调节Wnt/β-catenin信号通路对肺癌细胞增殖、迁移和上皮间质转化的影响

目的探讨松果菊苷调节Wnt/β-catenin信号通路对肺癌细胞增殖、迁移和上皮间质转化(EMT)的影响。方法将肺癌HCC827细胞分为对照组、松果菊苷低、高剂量组、松果菊苷高剂量+LiC1(Wnt/β-catenin信号通路激活剂)组、FH535组(Wnt/β-catenin信号通路抑制剂)。克隆形成实验检测细胞克隆能力;细胞划痕实验检测细胞迁移;Transwell实验检测细胞侵袭;流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡率;Western Blot检测E-cadherin、N-cadherin、vimentin、Ki-67、MMP-9、Caspase-3、β-catenin、c-Myc和cyclin D1蛋白表达。结果与对照组比较,松果菊苷低、高剂量组和FH535组HCC827细胞克隆形成率、划痕愈合率与侵袭个数、N-cadherin、vimentin、Ki-67、MMP-9、β-catenin、c-Myc和cyclin D1蛋白表达显著降低,凋亡率、E-cadherin、Caspase-3蛋白表达显著升高(P<0.05);LiC1可部分逆转松果菊苷对HCC827细胞恶性生物学行为的抑制作用(P<0.05);FH535组HCC827细胞各项检测指标与松果菊苷高剂量组处于同一水平(P>0.05)。结论松果菊苷可抑制HCC827细胞增殖、迁移、侵袭和EMT,并促进细胞凋亡,进而抑制肺癌细胞的恶性生物学行为,可能是通过阻断Wnt/β-catenin信号通路实现的。

β-catenin过表达对胰腺癌干细胞生物学特性的影响

目的分析β-catenin蛋白在胰腺癌干细胞恶性生物学特性维持过程中的作用及其机制。方法分离培养原代胰腺癌细胞,将胰腺癌细胞分为NC组和ADβ-catenin组,NC组细胞转染阴性空载病毒,ADβ-catenin组细胞转染β-catenin过表达慢病毒载体。采用流式细胞仪分析细胞株肿瘤干细胞表面标志物CD24、CD44及ESA的表达情况;分选出CD24^(+)CD44^(+)ESA^(+)细胞并扩大培养,通过检测分选出细胞的成球能力、克隆形成能力、增殖能力、侵袭迁移能力、细胞周期及凋亡情况;分析β-catenin过表达对胰腺癌干细胞生物学特性的影响。结果ADβ-catenin组细胞中β-catenin mRNA和蛋白的相对表达量显著高于NC组(P=0.016,P=0.015)。流式细胞仪分析结果显示,ADβ-catenin组细胞中CD24^(+)及CD24^(+)CD44^(+)ESA^(+)的细胞率显著高于NC组(P<0.05)。与NC组比较,ADβ-catenin组胰腺癌干细胞克隆形成能力、成球能力、侵袭与迁移细胞数均显著增加(P<0.05)。ADβ-catenin组细胞在24 h、48 h及72 h的光密度(OD)值均显著高于NC组(P<0.05)。与NC组相比,ADβ-catenin组G_(0)/G_(1)期细胞比例显著减少(P<0.05),S期细胞比例增高(P<0.05)。ADβ-catenin组的细胞凋亡率显著低于NC组(P<0.05)。结论β-catenin通过提高胰腺癌原代细胞中CD24^(+)CD44^(+)ESA^(+)的细胞率,促进胰腺癌干细胞成球能力,增强细胞增殖、侵袭与迁移能力,抑制细胞的凋亡,从而维持胰腺癌干细胞的恶性生物学特性。

基于β-catenin/Slug信号通路表达探讨LPCAT1对子宫颈癌生物学行为的影响

目的观察β-catenin/Slug信号特异性抑制剂FH535与EMT的关系,探讨LPCAT1在调节子宫颈癌细胞侵袭、转移和生长中的作用。方法采用sh-NC和sh-LPCAT1转染Hela细胞,利用载体(Vector)组和LPCAT1过表达质粒转染SiHa细胞,将SiHa细胞分为对照组(Con)、LPCAT1组、LPCAT1+FH535组和FH535组。运用CCK-8法和集落形成试验检测子宫颈癌细胞的增殖。通过伤口愈合试验和Transwell实验检测子宫颈癌细胞的转移、侵袭能力。应用Western blot分析细胞中LPCAT1、β-catenin/Slug信号通路和EMT相关蛋白的表达。结果与Vector组相比,LPCAT1组SiHa细胞的活力、集落数、迁移和侵袭细胞数均显著增加(P<0.05);与sh-NC组相比,sh-LPCAT1组Hela细胞的活力、集落数、迁移和侵袭细胞数均显著降低(P<0.05)。与LPCAT1组相比,LPCAT1+FH535组SiHa细胞中Wnt4(1.18±0.05 vs 0.80±0.06)、β-catenin(1.05±0.08 vs 0.77±0.05)、Slug(1.13±0.06 vs 0.28±0.02)、Cyclin D1(0.99±0.06 vs 0.44±0.02)、N-cadherin(0.91±0.07 vs 0.46±0.03)和vimentin(0.95±0.06 vs 0.49±0.03)表达降低(P<0.05),E-cadherin(0.44±0.03 vs 0.58±0.03)表达增加(P<0.05)。此外,与LPCAT1组相比,LPCAT1+FH535组SiHa细胞的集落数(224±15 vs 146±11)、迁移数(85±3 vs 51±4)和侵袭数(166±10 vs 90±5)均降低(P<0.05)。结论LPCAT1表达增加可能通过激活β-catenin/Slug信号通路促进子宫颈癌的转移和进展,LPCAT1的靶向治疗有望提高子宫颈癌患者的预后。

外泌体负载枸杞miR2911调控Wnt/β-catenin信号通路促进非梗阻性无精子症大鼠生精功能恢复

目的:研究外泌体负载的枸杞miRNA(Lb-miR2911)药物通过跨界调控Wnt/β-catenin信号通路对非梗阻性无精子症(NOA)大鼠模型生精功能恢复的影响。方法:4周龄雄性SD大鼠30只,采用白消安腹腔注射方法构建NOA模型,造模5周后将模型大鼠随机分为模型组(MC)、Lb-miR2911^(EXO)治疗组(Lb-miR2911^(EXO))、外泌体空载治疗组(Sham),每组10只。MC组NOA模型大鼠自然恢复,无特殊处理;Lb-miR2911^(EXO)组NOA模型大鼠,睾丸生精小管注射外泌体包被Lb-miR2911药物(0.1 mg/kg),1次/周,共治疗3次;Sham组NOA模型大鼠,睾丸生精小管注射外泌体空载药物(0.1 mg/kg),1次/周,共治疗3次。另取10只同龄正常健康SD大鼠作为正常对照组(NC)。治疗后第2、6周采用RNA FISH技术观察Lb-miR2911药物在睾丸组织中的摄取及代谢变化;治疗后12周采用转录组测序分析结合Western印迹、RT-PCR方法检测各组大鼠睾丸组织中细胞增殖、精子发生及Wnt/β-catenin信号通路的基因表达;睾丸组织形态学及精子质量分析比较各组大鼠生精功能恢复情况;通过组织形态学分析结合血清TNF-α、IL-1β、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)等指标检测评估Lb-miR2911外泌体药物对大鼠组织器官毒性。结果:治疗12周后睾丸组织形态学分析发现Lb-miR2911^(EXO)组大鼠睾丸组织各层次生精细胞排列规则,管腔中可见大量成熟精子,与Sham组比较,Johnsen评分显著增加(P<0.05),睾丸重量、睾丸指数、精子浓度和精子活力显著增加(P<0.05);转录组测序分析结合Western印迹、RT-PCR方法证实,与MC组相比,Lb-miR2911^(EXO)组DACT3基因表达下调(P<0.05),而DVL2、β-catenin表达上调,同时p-DVL2及β-catenin(nucleus)蛋白含量增加(P<0.05);细胞增殖相关基因CCND1、CCNE1、CCNE2 mRNA表达上调(P<0.05);精子发生相关基因DMC1、CCR6、JAM2、KLC3表达上调(P<0.05);组织器官毒性检测表明:治疗后Lb-miR2911^(EXO)组大鼠肺部、肝脏、肾脏组织未见病理性变化,与NC组比较血清TNF-α、IL-1β、AST、ALT、肌酐或尿素氮等水平未见升高(P>0.05)。结论:外泌体负载的Lb-miR2911药物通过跨界调节DACT3/Wnt/β-Catenin信号通路促进了NOA大鼠生精功能恢复。

SOX7通过靶向调控SHP-2/Wnt/β-catenin/ROS通路抑制结直肠癌细胞增殖、侵袭和迁移

目的研究SOX7调控SHP-2/Wnt/β-catenin/ROS通路从而影响结直肠癌细胞增殖、侵袭和迁移的分子机制。方法将20只裸鼠皮下移植瘤模型随机分为SOX7 NC组(n=5)、SOX mimic组(n=5)、SOX7 NC+PHPS1组(n=5)和SOX7 mimic+PHPS1组(n=5),观察肿瘤生长情况。通过脂质体法将人结直肠癌细胞系SW480细胞转染后,将细胞分为6组,分别为SOX7 NC组、SOX7 mimic组、SOX7 NC+H_(2)O_(2)组、SOX7 mimic+H_(2)O_(2)组、SOX7 NC+PHPS1组、SOX7 mimic+PHPS1组。通过Western blot实验检测各组SW480细胞SHP-2/Wnt/β-catenin/ROS通路相关蛋白的表达,通过细胞划痕实验和Transwell侵袭迁移实验检测SW480细胞的侵袭迁移能力,通过CCK-8检测SW480细胞的增殖。结果小鼠体内实验显示:SOX7 mimic组肿瘤体积明显小于SOX7 NC组(P<0.01),经过PHPS1干预的肿瘤体积明显增大,SOX7 mimic+PHPS1组肿瘤体积和SOX7 NC+PHPS1组的差异无统计学意义。体外实验发现:SOX7 mimic抑制了SW480细胞Wnt、β-catenin、NOX2、NOX4、PI3K、P-PI3K、AKT、P-AKT蛋白表达(P<0.01),促进了p-SHP-2蛋白表达(P<0.01);加入H_(2)O_(2)和SHP-2抑制剂后SOX7 mimic组和SOX7 NC组的Wnt、β-catenin、NOX2、NOX4、PI3K、P-PI3K、AKT、P-AKT的蛋白表达水平升高,但差异无统计学意义,SHP-2、p-SHP-2蛋白的表达水平降低,但差异无统计学意义;细胞划痕、Transwell侵袭迁移实验和CCK-8实验结果表明SOX7通过氧化应激和SHP-2通路抑制了SW480细胞的迁移、侵袭和增殖(P<0.01)。结论SOX7可通过靶向SHP-2/Wnt/β-catenin/ROS通路抑制结直肠癌增殖、侵袭和迁移。