Effect of β-sodium aescinate on hypoxia-inducible factor-1α expression in rat brain cortex after cardiopulmonary resuscitation

BACKGROUND： This study was undertaken to investigate the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α （HIF-1α） in rat cerebral cortex and the effects of β-sodium aescinate （SA） administration after return of spontaneous circulation （ROSC）.METHODS： Sixty rats were divided into three groups： SA group, injected intraperitoneally with SA instantly after ROSC; control group, injected intraperitoneally with normal saline; and sham-operated group, without cardiac arrest or SA. The cardiac arrest model was established using asphyxiation and intravenous potassium chloride. Blood was sampled 1, 6, 12, and 24 hours after ROSC. Protein and mRNA levels of HIF-1α, VEGF and EPO were detected in the cerebral cortex by immunohistochemistry and real-time RT-PCR; serum levels of NSE and S100β were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.RESULTS： Serum S100β and NSE were signi？ cantly increased in the control group versus the sham-operated group 1, 6, 12 and 24 hours after ROSC （P〈0.05）. Protein and mRNA levels of HIF-1α, VEGF and EPO were signi？ cantly increased in the control rats （P〈0.05）. Serum NSE and S100β were significantly decreased in the SA group versus the control group 1, 6, 12 and 24 hours after ROSC （P〈0.05）. Protein and mRNA levels of HIF-1α, VEGF and EPO were signi？ cantly increased in the SA group （P〈0.05）.CONCLUSIONS： The expression of HIF-1α is increased in rat cerebral cortex after ROSC, and SA up-regulates the expression of HIF-1α. The up-regulation of HIF-1α improves the resistance of the cortex to ischemia and hypoxia and contributes to neuroprotection, possibly because of up-regulation of EPO and VEGF expression.

Sodium Aescinate Alleviates Neuropathic Pain in Rats by Suppressing the TLR4/NF KB Pathway Activation after Paclitaxel Chemotherapy

Background: Emerging evidence suggests that chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a significant side effect of chemotherapeutic drugs. Many experiments have proved that sodium aescinate (SA) has definite pharmacological effects such as anti-infection, anti-exudation, anti-edema, anti-tumor as well as neuroprotection, and the drug side effects are mild. However, no study has explored whether SA is involved in the analgesic effect of paclitaxel (PAC) induced neuropathic pain in rats. Methods: Rats were given an intraperitoneal injection of PAC (2.5 mg/Kg intraperitoneally on days 1, 3, 5, and 7), while SA 25 mg/kg intraperitoneally was administered daily for 14 consecutive days. The mechanical withdrawal threshold (MWT) and thermal withdrawal latency (TWL) of rats were examined on experimental days 3, 5, 7, 11, 14. All rats were sacrificed on day 15 of the experiment, and L4-6 spinal cords were removed. Subsequently, immunohistochemistry, HE staining, ELISA, RT-qPCR, Western blotting were applied to evaluate cytoskeletal protein expression (NF-L and NF-M), spinal nerve structural integrity, proinflammatory factor contents (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6), and protein content of the TLR4/NF-κB pathway, respectively. Results: After the rats developed PAC induced pain behaviors, multiple injections of SA rendered the rats with elevated MWT and TWL values, decreased expression of NF-L and NF-M in the spinal cord, materially downregulated content of proinflammatory factors, and reduced amounts of TLR4 and p-NF-κB protein levels. Conclusions: The results of the present study preliminarily indicate that SA has an analgesic effect on rats with CIPN induced by PAC injection, and the mechanism may be related to blocking the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway, inhibiting the expression of proinflammatory factors, and alleviating cytoskeletal disorders.

CARMA3/NF-κB signaling contributes to tumorigenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma and is inhibited by sodium aescinate

BACKGROUND Primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a very malignant tumor in the world. CARMA3 plays an oncogenic role in the pathogenesis of various tumors. However, the function of CARMA3 in HCC has not been fully clarified. AIM To study the biological function of CAEMA3 in HCC. METHODS Tissue microarray slides including tissues form 100 HCC patients were applied to access the expression of CARMA3 in HCC and its clinical relevance. Knockdown and overexpression of CARMA3 were conducted with plasmid transfection. MTT, colony formation, and apoptosis assays were performed to check the biological activity of cells. RESULTS Higher expression of CARMA3 in HCC was relevant to poor prognostic survival (P < 0.05). Down-regulation of CARMA3 inhibited proliferation and colony formation and induced apoptosis in HCC cell lines, while increasing its expression promoted tumorigenesis. We also found that sodium aescinate (SA), a natural herb extract, exerted anti-proliferation effects in HCC cells by suppressing the CARMA3/nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) pathway. CONCLUSION Overexpression of CARMA3 in HCC tissues correlates with a poor prognosis in HCC patients. CARMA3 acts pro-tumorigenic effects partly through activation of CARMA3/NF-κB. SA inhibits HCC growth by targeting CARMA3/NF-κB.

Anti-proliferation and apoptosis-inducing effects of sodium aescinate on retinoblastoma Y79 cells

AIM:To investigate the anti-proliferation and apoptosisinducing effects of sodium aescinate(SA)on retinoblastoma Y79 cells and its mechanism.METHODS:Y79 cells were cultured at different drug concentrations for different periods of time(24,48,and 72 h).The inhibitory effect of SA on proliferation of Y79 cells was detected by the cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)assay,and the morphology of Y79 cells in each group was observed under an inverted microscope.An IC50 of 48 h was selected for subsequent experiments.After pretreatment with SA for 24 and 48 h,cellular DNA distribution and apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry.Real-time qunatitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR)and Western blot were used to assess changes in related genes(CDK1,CyclinB1,Bax,Bcl-2,caspase-9,caspase-8,and caspase-3).RESULTS:SA inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis of Y79 cells in a time-dependent and concentrationdependent manner.Following its intervention in the cell cycle pathway,SA can inhibit the expression of CDK1 and Cyclin B1 at the mRNA and protein levels,and block cells in the G2/M phase.In caspase-related apoptotic pathways,up-regulation of Bax and down-regulation of Bcl-2 caused caspase-9 to self-cleave and further activate caspase-3.What’s more,the caspase-8-mediated extrinsic apoptosis pathway was activated,and the activated caspase-8 was released into the cytoplasm to activate caspase-3,which as a member of the downstream apoptotic effect group,initiates a caspase-cascade reaction that induces cell apoptosis.CONCLUSION:SA inhibits the proliferation of Y79 cells by arresting the cell cycle at the G2/M phase,and induces apoptosis via the caspase-related apoptosis pathway,indicating that SA may have promising potential as a chemotherapeutic drug.

The study on the mechanism of Sodium aescinate combined with Xuesaitong for cerebral thrombosis treatment

Objective:To observe the mechanism of Sodium aescinate combined with Xuesaitong for cerebral thrombosis treatment and offer clinical help to cerebral thrombosis treatment. Methods:A total of 92 patients with cerebral thrombosis were selected and randomly divided into groups: the observation group (46 people) and the control group (46 people).The patient in the control group were treated with conventional therapy and the patients in the observation group were treated with Sodium aescinate combined with Xuesaitong on the basis of conventional therapy. Inflammatory factors (IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α and CRP), Nerve cell factor (NSE, NGF and NTF) and blood rheology indexes (Fg, BVH, BVL and PV) were detected and analyzed before and after treatment.Results:The comparison of inflammatory factors, Nerve cell factor and blood rheology indexes in the two groups before treatment were not statistically significant. Inflammatory factors (IL-6, TNF-α and CRP), Nerve cell factor (NSE) and blood rheology indexes (Fg, BVH, BVL and PV) in both groups after treatment significantly decreased compared with that before treatment. Inflammatory factors (IL-10), Nerve cell factor (GF and NTF) in both groups after treatment significantly increased compared with that before treatment. The changes were statistically significant. Inflammatory factors (IL-6, TNF-α and CRP), Nerve cell factor (NSE) and blood rheology indexes (Fg, BVH, BVL and PV) in observation group after treatment decreased more significantly than that in control group, and inflammatory factors (IL-10), Nerve cell factor (GF and NTF) increased more significantly than that in control group. The difference between two groups was considered statistically significant.Conclusion:Sodium aescinate combined with Xuesaitong could inhibit the inflammatory reaction, improve the blood flow condition and promote rehabilitation in patients with cerebral thrombosis. So it has a very important clinical significance of the treatment to cerebral hemorrhage.

Intervening Effect of Sodium Aescinate on Pulmonary Fibrosis in Rats with Acute Lung Injury

[Objectives] The aim was to investigate the intervening effect of sodium aescinate on pulmonary fibrosis in rats with acute lung injury( ALI). [Methods] The rats were randomly divided into normal group,model group and sodium aescinate group. The rat model of ALI was induced by administration of oleic acid. The rats in the sodium aescinate group were intravenously injected with sodium aescinate according to the amount of 4 mg/kg for 14 consecutive d. Then,11 rats were selected randomly from each group and slaughtered on Day 1 and Day 14,respectively after last administration. The body mass index,arterial partial pressure of oxygen( PaO_2),oxygenation index( PaO_2/FiO_2),lung index,wet/dry mass ratio of lung,serum IL-1β,TNF-α,PC Ⅲ and TGF-β1 levels of the rats were analyzed. [Results]No significant differences were found in body mass index,lung index or lung wet/dry mass ratio among different groups. Compared with the model group,the PaO_2 and PaO_2/FiO_2 ratio increased significantly( P < 0. 05),the serum IL-1β,TNF-α,PC Ⅲ and TGF-β1 levels declined significantly( P <0. 05),the lung histopathological damage was reduced,and the semi-quantitative histological score( IQA) of damaged lung tissue decreased significantly( P < 0. 01). [Conclusions]Sodium aescinate can reduce the levels of inflammatory factors in rats with ALI,with certain intervening on pulmonary effect.

Mechanism of Sodium aescinate combined with Torasemide for cerebral hemorrhage treatment

Objective:To observe the mechanism of Sodium aescinate combined with Torasemide for cerebral hemorrhage treatment and offer clinical help to cerebral hemorrhage treatment. Methods:86 patients with cerebral hemorrhage were selected and randomly divided into groups: the observation group (43 people) and the control group (43 people). The patient in the control group were treated with conventional therapy and the patients in the observation group were treated with Sodium aescinate combined with Torasemide on the basis of conventional therapy. Oxidative stress indexes [Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD)], serum inflammatory factors [interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-2 (IL-2), C reactive protein (CRP) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)] and hemorheology indexes [Hematokrit (PCV), plasma viscosity (PV), erythrocyte aggregation index (PAdT) and whole blood viscosity at high shear rate (WHV)] were detected and analyzed before and after treatment.Results:The comparison of oxidative stress indexes, serum inflammatory factors and hemorheology indexes in the two groups before treatment were not statistically significant (P>0.05). Serum inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-6, CRP), MDA and hemorheology indexes (WHV, PV, PCV and PAdT) in both groups after treatment significantly decreased compared with that before treatment (P<0.05);Oxidative stress index (GSH-Px, CAT, SOD and MDA) and IL-2 in both groups after treatment significantly increased compared with that before treatment (P<0.05). Serum inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-6, CRP), MDA and hemorheology indexes (WHV, PV, PCV and PAdT) in observation group after treatment decreased more significantly than that in control group (P<0.05), and oxidative stress index (GSH-Px, CAT, SOD and MDA) and IL-2 increased more significantly than that in control group (P<0.05).Conclusions:Sodium aescinate combined with Torasemide could decrease the oxidative stress and inflammatory reaction in patients with cerebral hemorrhage, which is beneficial to improving the condition of circulating blood stasis, accelerating microcirculation. So it has a very important clinical significance of the treatment to cerebral hemorrhage.

神经干细胞移植联合PEP-1-SOD1对颅脑损伤大鼠神经功能恢复的影响

目的：探讨神经干细胞（neural stem cells,NSCs）移植联合PEP-1-SOD1对颅脑损伤后大鼠神经功能恢复的影响。方法：SD雄性大鼠80只,建立颅脑损伤模型后随机分为4组：对照组（损伤处注入生理盐水）、NSCs移植组（损伤处注入NSCs悬液）、SOD1组（损伤处注入PEP-1-SOD1蛋白）及NSCs＋SOD1组（损伤处注入NSCs悬液＋PEP-1-SOD1蛋白）。4 d后采用定量PCR及Western blot法分别检测小鼠脑组织中AQP4基因表达及蛋白合成变化;分别于损伤后1、3 d和1、2、3、4周行Bederson评分,损伤后23-28 d行Morris水迷宫试验对大鼠运动神经功能进行评价;伤后第4周取材行病理切片Brd U免疫组织化学染色。结果：脑损伤后4 d,对照组脑损伤周围组织AQP4及其m RNA的表达高于NSCs移植组及SOD1组,NSCs移植组及SOD1组均高于NSCs＋SOD1组（P〈0.05）。分别于损伤后1、3 d及1、2、3、4周行Bederson评分显示4周时各组大鼠Bederson评分均低于24 h,并且4周时Bederson评分NSCs＋SOD1组低于对照组（P〈0.05）。Morris水迷宫试验结果显示NSCs＋SOD1组神经功能改善较对照组明显（P〈0.05）。免疫组化染色结果显示NSCs＋SOD1组大鼠损伤灶脑组织中的Brd U阳性细胞数高于NSCs移植组、SOD1组和对照组（P〈0.05）。结论：神经干细胞移植可明显改善重型颅脑损伤后大鼠的神经学功能,联合应用PEP-1-SOD1有协同效果。

PEP-1-SOD1预处理对脑梗死后小鼠海马神经元的保护

目的研究PEP-1-铜,锌超氧化物歧化酶(PEP-1-SOD1)预处理对脑梗死后小鼠海马神经元的保护作用。方法健康雄性成年昆明小鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组以及PEP-1-SOD1预处理组。线栓法制作永久性大脑中动脉闭塞(PMCAO)模型。假手术组以及模型组在手术前30min腹腔注射生理盐水200μL,PEP-1-SOD1预处理组手术前30min注射PEP-1-SOD1200μg。手术后24h分离梗死侧海马组织,TUNEL染色测定细胞凋亡,黄嘌呤氧化酶法测定SOD1活性,TBA法测定丙二醛(MDA)含量。结果手术后24h与模型组相比,PEP-1-SOD1预处理组凋亡细胞数量明显减少(P<0.01),SOD1活性升高,MDA含量下降(P<0.05)。结论 PEP-1-SOD1预处理可以有效减轻小鼠脑梗死后海马神经元损伤。

PEP-1-SOD1对SAP大鼠细胞凋亡的影响

背景:重度急性胰腺炎(SAP)以胰腺弥漫性出血和组织坏死为特征,具有很高的死亡率。PEP-1-SOD1是一种利用基因工程技术合成的融合蛋白,稳定性较高,具有一定的抗炎作用。目的:探讨PEP-1-SOD1对SAP大鼠细胞凋亡的影响。方法:将24只雄性Wistar大鼠分为对照组、SAP组和实验组。以5%牛磺胆酸钠制备SAP大鼠模型,实验组在造模前30 min腹部皮下注射8.0 mg/kg PEP-1-SOD1,SAP组注射同剂量0.9%NaC l溶液。行组织病理学评分,以TUNEL法检测胰腺腺泡细胞凋亡情况,分别以荧光定量PCR和蛋白质印迹法检测caspase-3 mRNA和蛋白表达。结果:造模后24 h,SAP组和实验组大鼠血清脂肪酶、淀粉酶水平、caspase-3 mRNA和蛋白表达均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),而实验组血清脂肪酶、淀粉酶显著低于SAP组(P<0.05),caspase-3 mRNA和蛋白表达显著升高(P<0.05)。造模后6 h、24 h,SAP组和实验组胰腺组织病理学评分、凋亡指数显著高于对照组(P<0.05),而实验组组织病理学评分显著低于SAP组(P<0.05),凋亡指数显著升高(P<0.05)。结论:PEP-1-SOD1可通过调控凋亡相关基因caspase-3的表达,减轻SAP大鼠胰腺组织病理损害,增加胰腺腺泡细胞凋亡,促进胰腺功能恢复正常。

β七叶皂苷(β-aescin)通过抑制脂质过氧化及炎症反应减轻脂多糖诱导的小鼠急性肺损伤

目的研究β七叶皂苷(β-aescin)对脂多糖诱导的急性肺损伤(LPS-ALI)的保护作用及机制。方法雄性C57BL/6小鼠60只随机分为正常对照组、β-aescin处理组、LPS-ALI模型组、β-aescin预处理的LPS-ALI组,每组15只。LPS-ALI模型组小鼠采用水合氯醛腹腔注射麻醉,按10 mg/kg剂量经口咽插管匀速将LPS注入肺中;β-aescin预处理的LPS-ALI组于LPS注射前0. 5 h按1 mg/kg剂量腹腔注射β-aescin;正常对照组、β-aescin处理组经腹腔注射等量PBS或β-aescin。各组动物在模型制备后0. 5、2、4、6、8 h,取1 m L腹主动脉血进行血气分析测定氧分压(Pa O2)、二氧化碳分压(Pa CO2); 3 d后多聚甲醛灌注,取材行冰冻切片,HE染色观察肺组织病理改变; 3 d后取1/3肺脏进行测定干/湿质量比(D/W),1/3肺脏采用商品化试剂盒检测髓过氧化物酶(MPO)及丙二醛(MDA)水平;其余肺组织采用实时荧光定量PCR检测促炎因子肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素1β(IL-1β)及IL-6的mRNA水平。结果β-aescin可显著减轻LPS诱导的肺组织病变;增加Pa O2而降低Pa CO2;增加肺组织D/W比例;降低脂质过氧化相关指标MPO及MDA的水平,并下调TNF-α、IL-1β及IL-6的mRNA水平。结论β-aescin通过抑制脂质过氧化反应及炎症反应显著减轻LPS-ALI后肺组织病变,并改善肺脏换气功能。

虎杖四黄汤湿热敷对预防七叶皂苷钠所致静脉炎临床研究

目的:观察虎杖四黄汤湿热敷对预防七叶皂苷钠所致静脉炎的效果。方法:选取180例静脉滴注七叶皂苷钠患者为研究对象,按入院先后顺序分为对照组、硫酸镁组、虎杖四黄汤组各60例。对照组采用常规护理方案,治疗前常规宣教并加强巡视,查看局部皮肤情况及时给予处理;硫酸镁组采用50%硫酸镁湿敷膜外敷;虎杖四黄汤组采用虎杖四黄汤药液湿热敷。硫酸镁组及虎杖四黄汤组患者均在药物输注5 min后进行外敷保持到七叶皂苷钠输完30 min后撤除。疗程4 d,每天1次。比较3组静脉炎发生率、护理满意度,比较3组治疗前后疼痛评分的变化。结果:治疗4 d后,虎杖四黄汤组静脉炎发生率为11.67%,硫酸镁组静脉炎发生率为23.33%,对照组静脉炎发生率为33.33%,虎杖四黄汤组静脉炎发生率低于硫酸镁组及对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗4 d后,3组疼痛评分均较治疗前下降(P<0.05),采用单因素方差分析进行组间比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);虎杖四黄汤组疼痛改善情况优于硫酸镁组和对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。虎杖四黄汤组护理满意度为96.67%,硫酸镁组护理满意度为90.00%,对照组护理满意度为80.00%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:虎杖四黄汤湿热敷可有效预防输注七叶皂苷钠所致的静脉炎,有效减轻穿刺侧肢体疼痛,提高护理满意度及用药依从性。

注射用七叶皂苷钠治疗口腔颌面部术后肿胀的疗效

目的分析口腔颌面部术后肿胀患者使用注射用七叶皂苷钠治疗的效果做出分析。方法84例口腔颌面部术后肿胀患者,通过随机抽样法分为常规组、研究组,各42例。常规组采用甘露醇治疗,研究组采用注射用七叶皂苷钠治疗。对比两组疗效、疼痛评分、肿胀程度、疼痛程度及术后感染、瘢痕发生率。结果研究组总有效率为97.62%,高于常规组的80.95%,差异性存在统计学价值(P<0.05)。研究组术后24、48、72 h疼痛评分分别为(2.71±0.36)、(4.22±0.50)、(4.31±0.40)分,均低于常规组的(3.28±0.87)、(4.84±0.85)、(5.14±0.75)分,差异性存在统计学价值(P<0.05)。常规组肿胀程度0级19例(45.24%),1级2例(4.76%),2级13例(30.95%),3级8例(19.05%);研究组肿胀程度0级29例(69.05%),1级8例(19.05%),2级5例(11.90%),3级0例。研究组肿胀程度低于常规组,差异性存在统计学价值(P<0.05)。研究组疼痛程度0级28例(66.67%),1级10例(23.81%),2级4例(9.52%),3级0例;常规组疼痛程度0级18例(42.86%),1级3例(7.14%),2级14例(33.33%),3级7例(16.67%)。研究组疼痛程度低于常规组,差异性存在统计学价值(P<0.05)。研究组术后感染、瘢痕发生率分别为2.38%、4.76%,低于常规组的19.05%、23.81%,差异性存在统计学价值(P<0.05)。结论口腔颌面部术后肿胀患者使用注射用七叶皂苷钠治疗,可以改善患者术后肿胀情况,能够降低患者疼痛程度,且术后感染发生率较低,疗效显著,临床应用价值较高。

甘露醇联合七叶皂苷钠治疗创伤性脑水肿的临床效果及安全性分析

目的探讨甘露醇联合七叶皂苷钠治疗创伤性脑水肿的临床效果及安全性。方法方便选取松桃苗族自治县民族中医院于2020年12月—2023年12月期间收治的92例创伤性脑水肿患者为研究对象,依据不同治疗方法分为对照组和观察组,各46例。对照组在常规治疗的基础上采用甘露醇治疗,而观察组则在对照组基础上加入七叶皂苷钠的治疗,比较两组患者的脑水肿干预效果、神经功能缺损程度、昏迷指数、神经功能以及安全性。结果治疗后,观察组的脑水肿体积小于对照组,治疗总有效率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=23.122,χ^(2)=3.903,P均<0.05)。观察组的改良爱丁堡-斯堪的纳维亚评分为(14.79±2.02)分,低于对照组的(17.51±2.38)分,差异有统计学意义(t=5.910,P<0.05)。观察组的拉斯哥昏迷指数得分高于对照组,美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=7.363、7.631,P均<0.05)。两组患者治疗期间,未观察到任何显著的不良反应。结论甘露醇联合七叶皂苷钠治疗创伤性脑水肿显示出良好的疗效和安全性,尤其是在减少脑水肿体积和改善神经功能方面显著优于单纯使用甘露醇的传统治疗方法。

七叶皂苷钠调控SIRT1/NF-κB信号通路对帕金森病大鼠的神经保护作用

目的探究七叶皂苷钠通过调控沉默信息调节因子1(SIRT1)/核因子κB(NF-κB)信号通路发挥对帕金森病大鼠的神经保护作用。方法采用6-羟基多巴胺注射法构建帕金森病大鼠模型,将建模成功的48只大鼠随机分为模型组、七叶皂苷钠低剂量组(1.8 mg/kg)、七叶皂苷钠高剂量组(3.6 mg/kg)、七叶皂苷钠+EX527组(七叶皂苷钠3.6 mg/kg+SIRT1抑制剂EX5275 mg/kg),每组12只;另取12只健康大鼠作为假手术组。各药物组大鼠腹腔注射相应药液,每天1次,持续21 d。末次给药结束24 h后,检测大鼠运动及认知功能,观察其黑质区和海马组织CA1区神经元形态,检测其黑质纹状体中多巴胺(DA)含量和黑质区酪氨酸羟化酶(TH)、α突触核蛋白(α-Syn)表达水平,检测其血清中促炎因子[白细胞介素6(IL-6)、IL-18]、抗炎因子(IL-10)水平及黑质纹状体中SIRT1、磷酸化NF-κB p65(p-NF-κB p65)、NF-κB p65蛋白表达水平。结果与假手术组比较,模型组大鼠黑质区和海马组织CA1区神经元损伤严重;其旋转圈数、逃避潜伏期、黑质区α-Syn蛋白表达水平、血清中促炎因子水平、黑质纹状体中p-NF-κB p65与NF-κBp65蛋白的相对表达量之比均显著升高或延长(P<0.05),目标象限停留时间、黑质纹状体中DA含量及黑质区TH蛋白表达水平、血清中抗炎因子水平、黑质纹状体中SIRT1蛋白表达水平均显著缩短或降低(P<0.05)。与模型组比较,七叶皂苷钠各剂量组大鼠神经元损伤程度减轻,各定量指标均显著改善,且高剂量组的改善更为明显(P<0.05),而EX527可逆转高剂量七叶皂苷钠的改善作用(P<0.05)。结论七叶皂苷钠可通过上调SIRT1蛋白表达来抑制NF-κB信号激活,从而抑制帕金森病大鼠的神经炎症,改善其运动及认知功能障碍,最终起到神经保护作用。

注射用七叶皂苷钠无菌检查方法适用性研究

文章探索并改进注射用七叶皂苷钠的无菌检查方法。通过运用薄膜过滤法,从多个方面进行了深入研究,包括检验过程中使用的稀释液与冲洗液的对比、薄膜过滤器冲洗泵速的对比,以及不同取样方式的比较。经过实验和分析,将七叶皂苷钠注射液的无菌检查方法优化统一为:采用单筒过滤法,冲洗方法确定为每膜冲洗100 mL 0.1%无菌蛋白胨水溶液,控制溶解泵速为50 r/min,同时确保冲洗泵速不大于150 r/min。此方法可为注射用七叶皂苷钠的无菌检查提供有效的参考依据。

白藜芦醇通过Sirt3-SOD2-ROS途径诱导人卵巢癌SKOV3细胞凋亡

目的:观察白藜芦醇是否通过Sirt3-SOD2-ROS途径诱导人卵巢癌SKOV3细胞凋亡。方法:体外培养SKOV3细胞,分别加入2.5、5、10、20、40和80 mg/L白藜芦醇,作用24 h后,MTT法检测白藜芦醇对SKOV3细胞活力的影响。将SKOV3细胞随机分为空白对照组、白藜芦醇(10 mg/L)组、白藜芦醇(20 mg/L)组和白藜芦醇(40 mg/L)组,分别处理24 h后,用Hoechst 33342染色,应用激光共聚焦显微镜观察细胞核变化;用荧光探针标记细胞内活性氧(ROS),应用激光共聚焦显微镜观察细胞内ROS变化;采用Western blot检测沉默交配型信息调节因子2同源蛋白3(Sirt3)、超氧化物歧化酶2(SOD2)、Bcl-2、Bax和cleaved caspase-3蛋白表达。结果:MTT结果显示,白藜芦醇(2.5、5、10、20、40和80 mg/L)作用SKOV3细胞24 h,SKOV3细胞活力显著降低,IC 50为(47.6±0.1)mg/L。应用激光共聚焦显微镜观察,与空白对照组相比,白藜芦醇各浓度组SKOV3细胞核内出现明显固缩,且着色增强现象。ROS荧光标记显示,与空白对照组相比,白藜芦醇各浓度组中ROS红色荧光数量显著减少。Western blot检测结果表明,与空白对照组相比,白藜芦醇各浓度组Sirt3、SOD2、Bax和cleaved caspase-3蛋白表达显著上升(P<0.05),而Bcl-2蛋白表达显著降低(P<0.05)。结论:白藜芦醇可以通过调控Sirt3-SOD2-ROS途径诱导SKOV3细胞凋亡。

Influence of compound aescine gel on ultrastructure of vein infused mannitol and its mechanism

Purpose: When hypertonic solution 20% mannitol solution was injected into vein, inflammatory mediators and Mitogen-activated protein kinases activated by mannitol can directly induce the fading of vascular endothelial cell, which leads to phlebitis. The study aims to observe the influences of reparil-gel N coated at the proximal parts of the puncture point and basing on this along with infusing heated mannitol to veins to the injure and ultrastructure of veins which were infused the 20% mannitol solution by indwelling needle in vein. Methodology: There are 15 adult New Zealand rabbits. We randomly divided 24 ear veins of 12 adult New Zealand rabbits into Control group, Gelatum group, Gel heated group and injected 20% mannitol solution by vein detained needle in three groups. In Gelatum group, we coated the proximal end of the puncture point with a thin layer of compound aescine gel. Based on Gelatum group, we heated 20% mannitol solution to 35oC-37oC in Gel heated group. Then we observed the intravenous parts and took the veins of each group out to observe their morphology and ultrastructural after the second day of transfusion. 6 ear veins of the rest 3 rabbits as Health group weren’t given any interventions, the veins were taken out to observe their morphology. Results: Comparison between Gelatum group and Gelatum heated group on vascular dilatation, Infiltration of inflammatory cell and Formation of thrombus had no significance, P> 0.05, while the case was different for the comparison on injury of vascular wall, perivascular edema and perivascular hemorrhage, P< 0.05). The statistical significance exists between control group and Gelatum group and Gel heated group, P< 0.05. It was observed under the electron microscope that, in control group, the membrane of endothelial cell peeled off and the mitochondria swelled and vacuolized. In Gelatum group, the membrane of endothelial cell was defective, the parts of the mitochondria were fuzzy, intercellular substance was slightly edematous. In Gel heated group, the mitochondria were clear and intercellular substance slightly swelled. It could be found that the function of phagocyte was complete. Conclusions: Compound aescine gel can prevent phlebitis or reduce the incidence of phlebitis. The combined intervention of coating with a thin layer of compound aescine gel and heating mannitol solution can produce better effect.

A Rapid and Simple Quantitative Method for the Active Ingredients of Aescin in the Extraction Process Using Near Infrared Spectroscopy

To achieve a rapid and simple detection for the active ingredients of Aescin in the extraction process using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR) and to realize the state monitoring and quality control of the extraction process. Partial least square regression (PLS) was applied to build the near-infrared calibration models, and the applicability of the model was investigated by predicting the unknown samples in the extraction process. The correlation coefficients of the established Aescin models (A, B, C, D) were 0.9836, 0.9831, 0.9833, 0.9824, and the prediction standard deviations (SEP) were 0.05636, 0.05043, 0.02412, 0.05636, respectively. This study suggests that the proposed model has superior stability and accuracy. NIR spectroscopy technique provides a novel efficient and environmentally friendly approach to the rapid determination of four Aescin key quality indicators (A, B, C, D) in the extraction, which was solved the problem that the lack of state monitoring during the extraction of Aescin, thereby improved the quality of Aescin.

七叶皂苷钠治疗梅尼埃病的临床初步研究报告

目的初步探讨七叶皂苷钠治疗梅尼埃病后的症状改善情况及药物安全性。方法选取2019年7月-2020年7月到各中心耳鼻喉科就诊的单侧发病的梅尼埃病确诊患者为研究对象,男女不限。给予七叶皂苷钠片剂口服,治疗周期为8周,随访6个月。记录并计算患者治疗前后的眩晕发生率,听力、耳鸣、耳胀满感症状的改善情况。结果一共26名单侧梅尼埃病患者纳入本研究并随访6个月。治疗后眩晕症状发生率有所下降,与治疗前88.5%相比,随访的第8周降低到23.8%,随访3个月时下降到21.1%。治疗后听力水平有所改善,尤其对于低中频听力改善明显(从100%下降到46.2%)。其他症状如耳闷胀和耳鸣症状发生率均比治疗前有所下降。研究期间仅有个别患者有胃肠道不适,无其他不良反应发生。结论七叶皂苷钠能部分缓解梅尼埃病眩晕发作频率和症状,也能改善和稳定低中频听力下降情况,同时减轻耳闷胀及耳鸣症状,提高患者的生活质量,无严重不良事件发生。此研究为梅尼埃病的内科治疗提供了新的药物选择方向,也将为下一步的深入研究打下良好基础。