STUDY OF RAY IRRADIATION ON DIAMOND-LIKE CARBON FILMS

Diamond-like carbon (DLC) films have been deposited on glass substrates using radio-frequency (rf) plasma deposition method, γ-ray, ultraviolet (UV) ray were used toirradiate the DLC films. Raman spectroscopy and infrared (IR) spectroscopy were usedto characterize the changing characteristics of SP3 C-H bond and hydrogen content inthe films due to the irradiations. The results show that, the damage degrees induced bythe UV ray on the SP3 C-H bonds are much stronger than that by the γ-ray. When theirradiation dose of γ-ray reaches 10× 104Gy, the SP3 C-H bond reduces about 50% innumber. The square electrical resistance of the films is reduced due to the irradiationof UV ray and this is caused by severe oxidation of the films. By using the results onoptical gap of the films and the fully constrained network theory, the hydrogen contentin the as-deposited films is estimated to be 10-25at.%.

Layered Ag-graphene films synthesized by Gamma ray irradiation for stable lithium metal ano des in carb on ate-based electrolytes

Lithium metal batteries are considered as high energy density battery systems with very promising prospects and have bee n widely studied.However,The uncon trollable plating/strippi ng behavior,infinite volume change and den drites formation of lithium metal anode restrict the applicati on.The unc on trolled n ucleati on of lithium caused by the non uniform multi-physical field distributions,can lead to the undesirable lithium deposition.Herein,a graphene composite uniformly loaded with Ag nano-particles(Ag NPs)is prepared through a facile Gamma ray irradiation method and assembled into self-supported film with layered structure(Ag-rGO film).Whe n such film is used as a lithium metal an ode host,the uncontrolled deposition is converted into a highly nucleation-induced process.On one hand,the Ag NPs distributed between the in terlayers of graphe ne can preferentially induce lithium nu cleati on and en able uniform deposition morphology of lithium between interlayers.On the other hand,the stable layered graphene structure can accommodate volume change,stabilize the interface between anode and electrolyte and inhibit dendrites formation.Therefore,the layered Ag-rGO film as anode host can reach a high Coulombic efficiency over 93.3% for 200 cycle(786 h)at a current density of 1 mA cm^(-2) for 2 mAh cm^(-2) in carbonate-based electrolyte.This work proposes a facile Gamma ray irradiation method to prepare metal/3D-skeleton structure as lithium anode host and demonstrates the potential to regulate the lithium metal deposition behaviors via manipulating the distribution of lithiophilic metal(e.g.Ag)in 3D frameworks.This may offer a practicable thinking for the subsequent design of the lithium metal anode.

Irradiation Effect of γ Rays on Diamond-Like Carbon Films

Diamond like carbon films, prepared by RF glow discharge on glass substrates, were irradiated by γ rays. The as deposited and irradiated films were characterized by Raman spectroscopy, electrical resistivity, and infrared transmittance. It is shown that the irradiation of the γ rays can lead to the breaking of SP 3 C H and SP 2 C H bonds, slight increasing of SP 3 C C bonds, and induced hydrogen recombination with H 2 molecules, subsequently diffusing to the surface of the films. When the γ rays irradiation dose reached 10×10 4 Gy, the numbers of SP 3 C H bonds was decreased by about 50%, the resistivity of irradiated DLC films was increased, and the diamond like character of the films became more obvious. The structure of DLC films was modified when irradiated by γ rays. The irradiation mechanisms are briefly discussed.

Thermal Properties of Crosslinking Modified Ultrahigh Molecular Weight Polyethylene Fibers by Ultra-Violet Irradiation

By means of ultra-violet(UV)irradiation with photoini-tiator and multifunctional crosslinking agent,thecrosslinking modification of ultrahigh molecular weightpolyethylene(UHMWPE)fibers prepared by gel-spin-ning was carried out.Thermal properties of fiber sampleswere examined using differential scanning calorimetry(DSC),thermomechanical analysis(TMA)apparatusand a manual device.The results indicated that the opti-mal irradiation energy is 250-400 mJ/cm^2,heat-andcreep-resistant behaviors of modified fibers have beenimproved.

Depolymerization of <i>α</i>- &<i>β</i>-Chitosan by <i>e</i>-Beam Irradiation

α- and β-chitosan with molecular weight of 190,000 and 800,000 respectively, were depolymerized by e-beam irradiation with various doses. The radiation yield of scission (Gs) and degradation rate of the chitosans were identified. The synergistic chemical degradation in the presence of hydrogen peroxide is more effective at lower doses. Mw of β-chitosan was dramatically decreased from 800,000 to 21,030 at the irradiation dose 5 kGy, on the other hand, that of α-chitosan was decreased much more gradually from 190,000 to 36,000. The values of Gs at 10 kGy in the solution without H2O2 and with H2O2 were respectively 6.09 × 10-5 mol/cal and 30.6 × 10-5 mol/cal for α-Chitosan, and 8.18 × 10-5 mol/cal and 43.8 × 10-5 mol/cal for β-chitosan. It was obviously effective on depolymerization by using the combination of e-beam and H2O2. α-Chitosan molecules are likely to adopt a diffuse conformation in the solution and make the different morphologies depending on the concentration.

方ray可解方程组与rayS^＊-阵的图论特征

给出了系数矩阵为方阵的复线性方程组为ray可解、非负ray可解及全非零ray可解等的图论特征刻画,得到了这些方程组的解的ray模式的图论表述.应用这些结论还给出了ray S*-阵和ray S-阵的图论特征刻画,及其他若干类特殊的复线性方程组的ray可解性条件.

Research on Irradiation Electric Field for Charged Particles Beam with High Energy

Irradiation protection of the nonlinear optical devices used in the spacecraft and next generation active laser system must be solved. The first problem was to find the irradiation damage mechanism of the nonlinear materials. In this paper the irradiation electronic field originating from high speed charged particle beams was discussed. The calculating model of the electronic field, based on the relativistic mechanics and electro-magnetic theory, was founded. The common characters of the irradiation electronic field were predicted and the fields of α ray and β ray were calculated by means of our model. The simulating results showed that the intensity of the electric field increased with the energy or the intensity of the beam. The results also showed that the field change trend of α ray and β ray was similar, but the field value was quite different. When the beam intensity I = 100 μA and the beam energy εm = 500 Mev, the electronic field values were about 3.5 × 107 v/m for α ray and 2.4 × 1011 v/m for β ray.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RADIATION DOSE AND CHROMOSOME ABERRATIONS AND MICRONUCLEI IN RABBITS EXPOSED TO FRACTIONATED WHOLE-BODY ^(60)Co GAMMA RAYS

The frequencies of chromosome aberrationsand micronuclei showed an increase withdoses after irradiation of rabbitsexposed to fractionated or single whole-body 60Co gamma rays.At most dose points,

BACKGROUND RECTIFICATION AND FEATURE EXTRACTION OF IMAGE IN A SPOT WELD OF AL ALLOY X-RAY DETECTION

A primary study on Processing in X - ray inspection of spot weld for aluminum alloy spot welding,in- cluding for background simulation,acquisition of ideal binary image, and extraction and identifi- cation of defect features was presented.

Dynamical Evolution of Gamma-Ray Burst Remnants with Evolving Radiative Efficiency

In previous works, a generic dynamical model has been suggested byHuang et al., which is shown to be correct for both adiabatic and radiative blast-waves, in both ultra-relativistic and non-relativistic phases. In deriving their equa-tions, Huang et al. have assumed that the radiative efficiency of the fireball isconstant. They then applied their model directly to realistic cases where the radia-tive efficiency evolves with time. In this paper, we abandon the above assumptionand re-derive a more accurate dynamical equation for gamma-ray burst remnants.Numerical results show that the model presented by Huang et al. is accurate enoughin general cases.

Non-thermal emissions from accreting X-ray binary pulsars

We study non-thermal emissions from cascade processes in accreting X-ray binary pulsars.In the framework of the magnetospheric gap model,we consider three photon fields,which are respectively from the polar cap of a pulsar,its surrounding accretion disk and a massive companion star with a circumstellar disk,to shield the gap.The gap-accelerated ultra-relativistic electrons emit high-energy photons via curvature radiation and an inverse Compton scattering process,in which part of these high-energy photons absorbed by interactions with the surrounding photon fields can facilitate the following electromagnetic cascades.We first carry out numerical calculations of the cascade processes in order to obtain the predicted emission spectra.As an example,we subsequently apply this model to reproduce observations of LS I +61?303.We find that the results can fit observations ranging from hard X-ray to γ-ray bands.In particular,they can explain the spectral cutoff feature at a few GeV.Finally,we suggest that the emissions detected by the Fermi Large Area Telescope from X-ray binary pulsars originate in the magnetosphere region of the pulsar.

Gamma Irradiation Enhanced Leaf Bioactive Components and Bioassay Parameters in M₅Mulberry (<i>Morus</i>Sp.) Mutant

Gamma radiation is an effective tool for inducing genetic variation in plant characters. In the present experiment, M5 mulberry variety juvenile twigs were subjected to source Co60 gamma irradiation (1 kR - 10 kR) and mutants grown in triplicates in randomized block design to raise M1 and M2 generation. In M2 generation plants were subjected to phytochemical and bioassay tests. Silkworm rearing parameters and commercial characters of cocoons were recorded by feeding cross breed silkworms. Results show that M5 mutant leaves revealed significant variations in phytochemical constituents and moisture content. Bioassay tests recorded significant differences compared to control in M2 generation. Commercial characters like cocoon weight (1.41 g), shell weight (0.24 g), shell percentage (16.29 %), filament length (821.00 mts), renditta (8.2), denier (2.24) and effective rate of rearing (92.14 %) were increased. It is concluded that, gamma rays treatment enhances the mulberry plants leaf bioactive components, silkworm rearing and cocoon parameters and shows beneficial variants in M2 generation.

YCOB晶体中辐射引起的BO_2-F^+心

YCOB,a member of the new crystal family of ReCOB (ReCOB=ReCa 4O(BO 3) 3,Re=La 3+ ,Nd 3+ ,Sm 3+ ,Gd 3+ ,Er 3+ ,Y 3+ ),has received mo re and more attentions in recent few years,because of its excellent nonlinear op tical (N LO) properties and a great promise as a laser host material.Unfortunately,liking most of nonlinear optical crystals,the laser induced damages were also created in the new crystal family when irradiated by ultraviolet laser.In this report we present our preliminary results of the investigation on the radiation induced damage in YCOB crystals.

1，4-二苯基-6-苯基氨基-1，3，5-三嗪-2（1H）-硫酮的合成与晶体结构

目的研究1，4-二苯基-6-苯基氨基-1，3，5-三嗪-2（1H）-硫酮（分子式C2，H16N4S，相对分子质量356．44）的合成方法和其单晶结构。方法先将一定量的苄脒、氢氧化钠和N，N-二甲基甲酰胺（DMF）混合放入10ml反应器中搅拌10min，然后将一定量的苯基异硫氰酸酯加入反应器中，预搅拌20S后，在110℃温度下微波辐射（MWI）15min，高产率得到目标化合物。化合物的结构通过核磁共振氢谱（^1HNMR）、红外光谱（IR）和高分辨率气相色谱质谱（HRMS）验证，并通过X—ray单晶衍射进一步确定了产物的结构。结果合成的标题化合物C21H16N4S结构通过单晶X射线衍射分析确定，单斜晶系，空间群C2／c，a=22．94（2），b=9．5092（15），c=22．027（2）A，d=90°，D=110．473（2）°，^γ=90°，R=0．0465andwR：0．0758。分子中新形成的1，3，5-三嗪-2（1H）-硫酮环是个平面结构；它与相邻的苯环接近于共平面，二者的二面角为7．36（0．17）；而它与相邻的N一取代苯环近似于垂直，二者的二面角为85．31（0．13）。结论提供了一种1，3，5-三嗪衍生物的绿色合成方法，并经过单晶衍生确定了其分子结构及分子结构中各个六员环之间的关系。

一类含有3n个非零元的谱任意ray模式

利用矩阵特征值理论,研究了一类含有3n个非零元的n阶ray模式矩阵.在该ray模式矩阵的定性矩阵类中任取一个n阶复矩阵,求出该复矩阵的特征多项式,利用数学分析的方法,找到该复矩阵为幂零矩阵的条件,再运用幂零-雅可比方法,证明了该类ray模式矩阵及其任意母模式都是谱任意的.

一类非零元个数最少的谱任意Ray模式

针对谱任意问题的研究情况,找到了一个新的非零元个数最少的谱任意Ray模式矩阵,并且用幂零-中心化方法证明了该Ray模式矩阵是谱任意的.

DOSE-SURVIVAL CURVE OF MURINE LARGE INTESTINE AFTER SINGLE-DOSE IRRADIATION WITH γ-RAYS

To understand the degree of injury and repair of mammalian tissues and cells based on dose-survival curve is of great importance for radiobiological research. There are quite a lot of papers on dose-survival curves of small intestine, but, only a few papers on large in-

MICROSTRUCTURAL CHANGE OF YSZ-SUPPORTED YBaCuO SUPPERCONDUCTING FILM BY PROTON BEAM BOMBARDMENTS

Microstructural change of YBaCuO film/YSZ substrate with and without proton irradiation has been studied by scanning electron microscope and X- ray diffraction techniques. Structural analysis has shown that conversion from tetragonal to orthorhombic phases, reduction of nonsuperconducting phase and preferential rearrangement of crystal grains are all favorable to the improvement of superconductivity in the YBaCuO film supported by YSZ substrate by proton beam bombardment.

New Advances in Structural Studies of Barium Rare-Earth Fluor-Carbonate Minerals

This paper summarizes the new developments in the study of barium rare-earthfluor-carbonate mineral structures.The second order superstructure of cebaite-（Ce）was solved by using high power X—ray single crystal diffractometer.Five kinds ofcoordination forms were found.All atoms in the cell,including C and F,were properlylocated.In the process of study in a cordylite-（Ce）,a new mineral was discovered,whose chemical formula is（Ca0.5□0.5 ）BaCe2 （CO3）4F.It is isostructural withbaiyuneboite-（Ce）,but different in composition（Na in baiyuneboite-（Ce）is substi-tuted by Ca disorderly）.On the basis of the studies a proposal to re-definecordylite-（Ce）as a mineral group name is put forth by the authors.Finally a newtype of twinning of huanghoite—（Ce）was found on the systematical absence ofdiffraction data by means of a single crystal diffractometer.