Study on Original Ecological Tridimensional Slope Vegetation

No matter from the perspective of slope protection, landscape effect and construction cost, or from the perspective of ecological benefit, the development of original ecological tridimensional vegetation has become the inevitable trend for slope vegetation in pursuit of protecting ecological condition, decreasing soil erosion, maintaining ecological balance and beautifying environment of slope. The concept of original ecological tridimensional slope vegetation is proposed in this paper, and the original ecological tridimensional slope vegetation is studied through theoretical analysis and experiments. Specifically, the mechanical effect of slope vegetation in reinforcing the cohesion and shear strength of soil mass is firstly discussed, and then experiments are performed to study the water interception and containing function of slope under various vegetation conditions. Moreover, the relation between soil moisture and cohesion, the relation between root distribution density and cohesion, and the relation between root distribution density and soil shear strength are also studied based on experiments.Finally, based on field observation, the soil erosion states of slope under various vegetation conditions are comparatively studied. It is found that the original ecological tridimensional slope, which combines grass,shrub and tree, can generate comprehensive slope protection effects, and hence strengthen the slope protection ability and bring multiple slope protection benefits. Thereby, the theoretical foundation for developing original ecological tridimensional slope vegetation is established.

Expansion and Declination--An Analysis of Power's Ecological Thoughts in Gain

This paper attempts to interpret Richard Powers' ecological thoughts in his sixth novel Gain. It mainly records the development of the corporate body's expansion and the individual body's declination to further analyze how the corporate organism becomes a lethal threat to the individual in the end. The two narrative lines reveals the worsening of industrial greedy and the increasing danger of human existence.Powers expresses his holistic ecological vision: Are big companies human's greatest hope or greatest threat?

An Analysis of Pre -Qin Confucian Ecological Thoughts A Perspective from Ecological Civilization

Pre-Qin dynasty Confucianism is famous and rich in ecological thoughts,which include the holistic thought of "harmony between man and nature"; the thought of"benevolence for people and caring for animals and plants" and "ecological ethics of respecting nature"; the thought of "conforming to natural environment and its protection". Ecological civilization,as a forthcoming civilization form,highlights the sustainable development and the pursuit of harmony between man and nature. Pre-Qin Confucian ecological thought can provide useful ideological resources for the cultivation of ecological consciousness and the construction of ecological civilization.

THOUGHTS ON CONSTRUCTING THE DEMONSTRATING AREAS OF THE ECOLOGICAL REBUILDING AND ECONOMIC SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN HEXI REGION

Based on the field investigations, this paper analyzes systematically the achievements and problems of constructing the demonstrating areas of the ecological rebuilding and economic sustainable development in Hexi, Gansu Province, and then the thoughts on constructing the demonstrating areas are brought forward. It is considered that all kinds of ecological demonstrating areas should be merged in order to construct large scale characterized demonstrating areas which go beyond the district. In other words, in Hexi Region, Zhangye District should be constructed as the largest ecoagriculture demonstrating area of high technology; Wuwei District should be constructed as the largest ecological demonstrating area of agricultural comprehensive exploitation; JiuJia District, which is the shortened form of Jiuquan and Jiayuguan, should be constructed as the largest ecotourism demonstrating area; and Jinchang City should be constructed as the largest ecoindustry demonstrating area. At the same time, the constructing pattern should be selected according to the actual circumstances; science and technology should be applied to construct the demonstrating areas and accelerate the industrialization in the big market. Additionally, it is important to smooth the constructing system and implement the flexible and efficacious running mechanism, and it is suggested that the committee should be organized to administer the ecological demonstrating areas in Hexi Region.

An Exploration of Richard Powers’Ecological Thoughts in His The Echo Maker

Richard Powers is one of American famous contemporary writers,a rising star of American postmodernist fiction,and one of the representatives of the Generation Xers as well.He explores the impacts of some factors such as ecological environment,social culture,and family ethics on our modern society by use of his abundant knowledge about gene engineer,neurology,family ethics,etc.From the perspective of Marxism ecological philosophy,this paper deeply analyses The Echo Maker,Richard Powers’masterpiece and interrelates the ecological thoughts implied in this novel.This work criticizes anthropocentrism and expresses the priority of nature.Human being is part of nature which our human being bases on and human being is closely related with nature.Human being should develop ecological consciousness,respect and care nature,and try every means to keep benign interaction with nature in order to build a stable and harmonious global community.

Significance of Steinbeck's Ecological Thought

John Steinbeck,the winner of the Nobel Prize for Literature in1962,creates the Pulitzer Prize-winning novel The Grapes of Wrath,published in 1939.This paper aims at analyzing the Significance of Steinbeck's Ecological Thought by perceiving The Grapes of Wrath.

Steinbeck's Ecological Thought Perceived from The Grapes of Wrath

John Steinbeck,the winner of the Nobel Prize for Literature in1962,is one of the great American writers of the 20th century.In his entire prolific writing carrier,he creates the Pulitzer Prize-winning novel The Grapes of Wrath,published in 1939.The novel is so important that it is regarded as Steinbeck's best work,and one of the 20 books that have changed the USA.This paper aims at analyzing The Grapes of Wrath from ecocritic approach,in order to explore the ecological thought of John Steinbeck,which is beneficial to building a harmonious society.

Relationship between Rice Cultural Diversity and Ecological Environment in Yunnan Province of China

[Objective] This paper aims to confirm that Yunnan is one origin center of rice and human in the world.[Method] The complicated and unique ecological environment in Yunnan makes Yunnan Province the largest center of genetic diversity and cultural diversity of rice and human being as well as the cradle of human childhood.[Result] The genetic diversity and cultural diversity of rice and human being is closely related to the ecosystem diversity.Rice civilization in Yunnan can be divided into four types,including the diversity center region of rice civilization in southwestern Yunnan,diffusion region of rice civilization of Hani-Zhuang in southern Yunnan,rice civilization region of water-drought rotation in central Yunnan and poverty region of rice civilization in northern Yunnan.Southwestern Yunnan is not only the center of genetic ecological diversity and rice cultural diversity,but also the center of origin and diversity of crop genetic diversity.It is not only a transitional region among East Asia continent,South Asian sub-continent and Indo-China Peninsula,but also a core integration area of Chinese culture,Indian culture and Mid-south Peninsula culture which all merge with the local culture.[Conclusion] Yunnan is one common sphere where the origin of human evolution is closely related to the origin of rice evolution.

Low-carbon and Energy-saving Designs Preserving Primitive Ecological Conditions——With the Planning of Ancient Banyan Park in Mengshan County,Guangxi,China as a Case Study

It was proposed that park planning should be based on local economic development,should focus on the preservation of primitive ecological conditions and the application of low-carbon and energy-saving concepts.The planning of Ancient Banyan Park in Mengshan County by following the principles of respecting local history and culture,improving functions and supporting facilities,human-centered,overall planning and all-around consideration,respecting characteristics of the local area(the planning site),satisfying operation requirements of the park,applying low-carbon and energy-saving concepts,and avoiding over-engineering,aimed at protecting natural images of the park,primitive history,culture and characteristics of the local area and providing a space for local residents' various activities.Modern aesthetic forms were combined,cultural connotation of natural environment stressed to build a landscape space system of the Ancient Banyan Park that matches well with environment of the planning site.The park was designed into 4 functional areas:sport area,fitness plaza area,garden recreational area and ancient banyan cultural area.Different functions of these subareas were taken into consideration to create conservation-minded garden landscapes which were both independent and unified.

Ecological Culture in Traditional Chinese Vernacular Dwellings

Traditional Chinese vernacular dwellings take root in farming culture with profound connotations. Through analyzing ecological thoughts and cultural ideas in traditional vernacular dwellings, this study aims to provide references for the design of modern vernacular dwellings. It is proposed in this study that ① Ecological thoughts of traditional vernacular dwellings include the simple eco-thought of 'human-nature oneness', Fengshui (traditional Chinese ideas hold that the location of a house or tomb is supposed to have an influence on the fortune of a family) theories of 'balance of yin and yang', energy-saving thought of 'making the best use of local advantages'. Traditional vernacular dwellings are mainly constructed according to local conditions, facing the sunny side and water, backing on the shady side and mountains, with local materials and suitable construction structures for local environment and climatic conditions, which enable residents to enjoy warm winter and cool summer, sufficient sunshine, excellent ventilation and heat-proof, wind and humidity proof, that is, a natural ecological living environment. ② Cultural thoughts of traditional vernacular dwellings include the strict and square philosophical ideas as well as harmonious artistic thoughts. Traditional Chinese vernacular dwellings demonstrate morals and ethics by strict and square patterns and strong sense of hierarchy, most of them have definite axes in spatial patterns to show the hierarchy and core of construction groups; abstract patterns of flower, grass, animal or human beings are also often applied in detailed designs, showing esthetic tastes. The formation of traditional Chinese vernacular dwellings has been closely linked with social and cultural factors, living habits, geographical, water and soil, environmental and climatic conditions as well as folk customs, which can provide significant references for the design and reformation of modern new-type vernacular dwellings.

Without thought的“无意识”误区——深泽直人(Naoto Fukasawa,1956~)设计观念的思想基础及其开展路径阐析

日本设计师深泽直人提出的without thought本意为“无需思考”,在国内被翻译为“无意识设计”并广为传播,这在一定程度上导致我国学者过分强调该理念中的“无意识”内容而忽视其思想基础,还同时造成一些学者对该设计理念开展路径的误解。深泽直人设计观念的思想基础可以在生态心理学和禅学中找到来源,从个体意义到普遍价值,without thought中的无意识内涵则可从“行为—意义—价值”三个层面来理解。生态心理学和禅学皆有超越“二元”的思想特征,在认识方法上皆反对将他者对象化和主题化,与此呼应,深泽直人认为设计是一种直觉行为,并明确表明自己不用“分析—推理”的方式开展设计工作,概而言之,其接触“无意识”的设计路径旨在让设计者回到由感性直观构成的“生活世界”中,并以“具身性”的方式实现对他者的理解,通过这种“生命体验”扩展自我的边界,进而创造出具有“共感”的作品。

我国生态文明教育的演进逻辑与未来图景

生态文明教育是关系中华民族永续发展的长远大计,是促使生态文明建设不断迈上新台阶的重要保障。新中国成立以来,我国生态文明教育大致经历了萌芽、探索、调整和深化等发展阶段,在演进逻辑上彰显出推动生态文明发展的历史选择、践行生态文明思想的重要体现、建设生态文明社会的现实需要和构筑人类命运共同体的价值诉求等特点。站在新的历史起点,要坚持习近平生态文明思想引领,砥砺生态文明教育新征程;强化生态文明建设时代使命,赓续生态文明教育新篇章;凸显人与自然和谐共生理念,构筑生态文明教育新格局;助力美丽中国建设发展方向,提升生态文明教育新境界。并通过健全生态文明教育法律法规、完善生态文明教育体系建设、加快生态文明教育数字建设、参与生态文明教育全球治理等路径推动我国生态文明教育现代化发展,为实现人与自然和谐共生的现代化提供重要支撑。

习近平文化思想的科学内涵、价值意蕴与原创性贡献

确立习近平文化思想是推动实现中华民族伟大复兴的现实需要,也是正确应对国际领域复杂意识形态斗争的迫切需求。习近平文化思想深化了对文化本质和文化自信自强的认识,深化了对文化发展道路的认识,深化了对新时代文化使命的认识,深化了意识形态工作与党和国家中心工作之间关系的认识,深化了对意识形态阵地管理的认识。习近平文化思想回答了新时代我国文化建设举什么旗、走什么路、坚持什么原则、实现什么目标等根本问题,涵盖文化建设的方向、目标、道路、原则等重要方面,是相对完整的思想体系。要正确理解“两个结合”、特别是“第二个结合”,高度重视意识形态安全,在学思用贯通、知信行合一中把学习贯彻习近平文化思想引向深入。

我国生态文明思想的经济发展历程与实践检验

我国把节约资源和保护环境确立为基本国策,把可持续发展确立为国家战略,大力推进社会主义生态文明建设。我国的生态文明建设是基于中华文明“天人合一”的历史文化传承,结合马克思主义理论中国化、时代化,致力于实现经济社会与绿色发展的和谐统一。笔者通过文献调查,梳理了中华人民共和国成立以来生态文明思想的传承发展脉络。生态文明建设经历了从起步、发展到完善三个阶段:起步阶段,在我国生态文明思想史上具有开创与先驱作用,集中体现为毛泽东林业建设思想;发展阶段,我国生态文明思想呈现出接续性、连贯性和发展性,具有承上启下的作用;完善阶段,我国生态文明思想体现了对马克思主义思想的灵活运用,对前代探索成果的继承,对于实践经验的高度概括,对于时代发展的创新开拓,形成了习近平新时代生态文明思想体系。在各个阶段的实践中,生态文明建设成效显著,尤其是新时代10年来生态文明建设取得了历史性成就和标志性成果,为世界各国提供了中国智慧和中国方案。

论习近平生态文明思想的政治维度的特质及其当代价值

习近平生态文明思想的政治维度建立在马克思主义关于人与自然关系的思想上,一方面,强调生态文明建设必须坚持中国共产党的领导和中国特色社会主义制度,构成了其政治维度的逻辑起点;另一方面,要求转换传统的以牺牲环境为代价换取经济增长的发展观,代之以“绿水青山就是金山银山”的生态发展观,强调要正确处理经济发展与生态环境之间的辩证关系。这一重要思想,超越了西方生态思潮中单纯“德治主义”和“技术主义”的生态治理观,提出了“德法兼备”的社会主义生态治理观,并要求树立科学的发展观、政绩观和建立严格的生态环境保护评价体系、追责制度。习近平生态文明思想的政治维度的特质,在于坚持生态文明思想的哲学文化维度、经济维度、社会维度和政治维度的有机统一,超越了西方生态思潮在理论基础和价值取向上的缺陷,实现了人类生态文明思想史上的革命性变革,无论是对于正确把握生态文明的本质,还是对于走好中国生态文明发展道路和推进生态文明建设,都具有重要的价值。

中国式现代化视域下习近平生态文明思想整体系统观及其方法论

党的十八大以来,在推进中国式现代化建设的伟大征程中,以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚持系统观念,基于对西方现代化道路的深刻反思和对自然界作为有机系统整体的精准认识,赓续与拓新马克思主义和中华优秀传统文化关于人与自然真实图景的系统辩证思想,形成和确立了丰富完备、逻辑严密的习近平生态文明思想整体系统观。秉持山水林田湖草沙是生命共同体的系统理念,这一整体系统观锚定生态文明建设和环境治理的目标任务,坚持推进中国式现代化生态文明建设与环境治理的系统层级观,坚持共同体构架的国内外合作治理的系统联动机制,对其内核“是什么”的问题作了精要而又深邃的回答。习近平生态文明思想层层追问中国式现代化生态文明建设之道,彰显了其整体系统思维在回答生态文明建设根本性问题上的强大方法论功能;以系统工程方式“全方位全地域全过程”推进生态文明建设与环境治理的全面系统展开,立体呈现了习近平生态文明思想整体系统观鲜明的方法论特质,为中国式现代化新征程上全面推进美丽中国建设提供了科学思想方法,开拓了中国式现代化恢宏壮丽的生态篇章。

“文明起源”史观之意味:“中西马”视角的考察

“文明起源”作为国内学界使用频率极高的舶来语,主要用以说明距今五千多年至“三代”时期历史文化的发展。但是否合适的问题很少有人认真考虑过,似乎马克思、恩格斯使用了就没有问题。其实马恩晚年虽借用了“文明”等术语,但对其核心内容如剥削、阶级性、虚伪、贪欲、国家镇压机器等都是持具体批判与整体否认态度的,尽管认为如此发展有其必然性,与其他学人用“文明”“野蛮”区分历史进步、停滞与落后,即无意中把知性专断与西方普遍性的观念传播开去明显不同,因为马克思是从人的全面发展和多数人得到解放出发看问题的。从历史研究追求平实公正应该使用更中性一些术语看,用褒义明显的“文明”来说某一时段历史的特质也是不合适的,因为说甲文明意味着乙不文明或野蛮,必然分出等级差别。回到传统中国,被视为“文明起源”这一段历史,中国古人认为是“大同”向“小康”、“公天下”向“私天下”之过渡,是以物役使人性的开始,是战争杀伐愈益激烈和彼此互助走向你争我夺、淳朴自然走向尔虞我诈的时期,此与马恩的认知明显具有相通之处。古史研究使用“文明起源”作为关键词展现的是西方资产阶级重物质、轻人道的历史观,体现的是西方资本主义价值观,不仅与马克思主义、中国文化精神相背离,也与史学自身追求相矛盾,说明目前的古史考量还深陷于西方中心观念之中,反省不够。在此认知基础上文章提出用相对平实的“文化源”代替不甚中性的“文明起源”,以作为中国文化精神开启之初一段历史的研究之用。

习近平生态文明思想教育的三维审视

习近平生态文明思想是对马克思主义关于人与自然关系思想的丰富与发展,是对改革开放以来我国经济社会发展经验教训的深刻反思。新时代开展习近平生态文明思想教育是缓和人与自然矛盾、实现人的全面发展、建设“美丽中国”基础工程的要求。习近平生态文明思想教育应以生态物质教育为切入点、生态健康教育为支撑点、生态审美教育为突破点推进。夯实生态文明思想教育的学科支撑、增强生态文明思想教育的情感认同、增进生态文明思想教育的行动自觉、构筑生态文明思想教育氛围,是提升习近平生态文明思想教育质量的四重基本路向。

先秦时期生态文化述论

先秦时期是中华民族的先民在中华大地上筚路蓝缕、开疆扩土、探索生态环境并协调人与自然关系的早期阶段。在该阶段,中华大地优越的生境保证了先民的稳态延续,而先民在与纷繁的自然环境互动的同时也创造了灿烂的生态文化。如钻木取火和刀耕火种提高了生计水平,治水保卫了生境安全,历法和节气提高了人们对自然规律的掌握,生态保护律法减小了对环境的破坏力度,专门的生态论著则使生态保护上升到哲学的高度等。而其中蕴含的敬畏自然、艰苦探索、遵德循礼、居安思危的生态理念维护了先秦时期人与自然的和谐共生。这些生态文化尽管历史久远,但是仍对我国新时代生态文明建设留下了宝贵的精神财富,赋予了诸多参考和借鉴的意义。

基于生态哲学思想的高职教育评价改革路径探析

高质量发展对高职教育评价提出了新的使命和要求。通过辨析教育生态与教育评价之间的关系,基于我国高职教育评价存在的“五唯”问题特征,立足生态哲学视角,从评价标准、评价主体及评价方法三方面诠释了高职教育评价的生态化缺失与重构理念。从政府、高职院校及社会三方视角探索构建多元主体协同评价体系,激活教育评价改革内生动力,建立多方参与的教育评价机制等高职教育评价改革路径。