Data-driven methods for predicting the representative temperature of bridge cable based on limited measured data

Cable-stayed bridges have been widely used in high-speed railway infrastructure.The accurate determination of cable’s representative temperatures is vital during the intricate processes of design,construction,and maintenance of cable-stayed bridges.However,the representative temperatures of stayed cables are not specified in the existing design codes.To address this issue,this study investigates the distribution of the cable temperature and determinates its representative temperature.First,an experimental investigation,spanning over a period of one year,was carried out near the bridge site to obtain the temperature data.According to the statistical analysis of the measured data,it reveals that the temperature distribution is generally uniform along the cable cross-section without significant temperature gradient.Then,based on the limited data,the Monte Carlo,the gradient boosted regression trees(GBRT),and univariate linear regression(ULR)methods are employed to predict the cable’s representative temperature throughout the service life.These methods effectively overcome the limitations of insufficient monitoring data and accurately predict the representative temperature of the cables.However,each method has its own advantages and limitations in terms of applicability and accuracy.A comprehensive evaluation of the performance of these methods is conducted,and practical recommendations are provided for their application.The proposed methods and representative temperatures provide a good basis for the operation and maintenance of in-service long-span cable-stayed bridges.

Relationship between Representatives of American Dream and Non-WASPs of America

American dream represents a wonderful wish of pursuit of better life, it attracts not only American, but also people all over the world to realize their dreams through hard-working. Focusing on people who have become representatives of American dream, we will find that most of them are Non-WASPS.

COADJOINT ORBITS FOR THE CENTRAL EXTENSION OF Diff^+(S^1) AND THEIR REPRESENTATIVES

According to Kirillov's idea, the irreducible unitary representations of a Lie group G roughly correspond to the coadjoint orbits (?).In the forward direction one applies the methods of geometric quantization to produce a representation, and in the reverse direction one computes a transform of the character of a representation, to obtain a coadjoint orbit. The method of orbits in the representations of Lie groups suggests the detailed study of coadjoint orbits of a Lie group G in the space (?)~* dual to the Lie algebra (?) of G. In this paper, two primary goals are achieved: one is to completely classify the smooth coadjoint orbits of Virasoro group for nonzero central charge c; the other is to find representatives for coadjoint orbits. These questions have been considered previously by Segal, Kirillov, and Witten, but their results are not quite complete. To accomplish this, the authors start by describing the coadjoint action of D-the Lie group of all orientation preserving diffeomorphisms on the circle S^1, and its central extension (?), then the authors will give a complete classification of smooth coadjoint orbits. In fact, they can be parameterized by a subspace Of conjugacy classes of (?)(1,1). Finally, the authors will show how to find representatives f coadjoint orbits by analyzing the vector fields stabilizing the orbits, and describe the amazing connection between the characteristic (trace) of conjugacy classes of (?)(1, 1) and that of vector fields stabilizing orbits.

District Partisan Homogeneity, Communications, and the Electoral Motive: An Analysis of the Facebook Posts of Members of the U.S. House of Representatives

The research examines the way in which members of the U.S. House of Representative represent themselves on the social network site Facebook. Each member’s activity is observed on seven different occasions and the frequency and substantive character of posts made during the second half of 2013 are established. The focus is on position-taking posts versus posts which mention the district the member serves in. Our expectation is that members from electorally safe districts will be more likely to advertise their policy positions while members from marginal districts will be more inclined to advertise their district connections. We control for minority party status, gender, and ideological extremism among other concerns and learn electoral safety is a good predictor of both “position-taking” and “district mentions”. Consistent with an electoral motive, we also find members from the minority party less likely to take positions on the issues of the day and more likely to mention the district they serve in.

North American Association Put Manufacturers and Representatives Together

For more than half a centurymanufacturers in search of independentrepresentatives to sell their products innew markets and to establishrelationships with prospective customershave relied upon the services of theManufacturers’ Agents NationalAssociation (MANA).

Letters of NGO Representatives from Eastern European Countries and Cuba

Editor:At the invitation of the Chinese Association for International Understanding(CAFIU),a fifteenmember delegation of 7 NGOs and relevant agencies from Poland,Hungary,Bulgaria,Serbia and Cuba visited China to attend the Seminar on Knowing about China from July 16 to 27.They went to Beijing,Shandong Province and Jiangxi

Representatives of CSHRS,IUSY Talk

Ana Pirtskhalava and Samuel Muyizzi, vice presidents of the International Union of Socialist Youth （IUSY）, visited the China Society for Human Rights Studies （CSHRS） and talked to Chinese experts on Jan. 22, 2014.

Speech by Mr.Lawrence Fortun,Congressman of the Philippine House of Representatives

Greetings…Allow me to begin by extending,on behalf of the Philippine delegation,our heartfelt gratitude to the Chinese Association for International Understanding(CAFIU)for this excellent opportunity for greater understanding of China and its relations to the Philippines,the ASEAN and the rest of the world.This exchange has likewise been an important occasion for us to share our insights on these relations in the light of our common interests and aspirations

Delegation of African NGOs,Think Tanks and Media Representatives Visits China

At the invitation of the Chinese Association for International Understanding(CAFIU),an African delegation composed of 14 representatives from NGOs,think tanks and media of South Africa,Tanzania and Namibia visited China from July 20to 31,2013.The theme of this visit is"Enhancing People-topeople Understanding and Promoting

新《公司法》若干重要问题解读(笔谈)

新《公司法》修订所涉及的内容非常丰富,修订内容包括公司登记制度、股东出资责任、公司治理制度、公司资本制度、控股股东义务、董监高信义义务等方面。赵旭东教授指出,本次《公司法》修订在公司登记与信息公示制度、股东出资责任和法律后果、公司资本制度、公司治理制度、股东权益保护和控股股东义务这五个关键领域实现了重大突破和创新。周林彬教授集中解析了“国家出资公司组织机构的特别规定”一章,认为新《公司法》的亮点之一是通过新设这一章积极回应了我国国有企业治理的“本土实践”与“中国问题”,给出新时期国有企业治理的“中国方案”,推进了中国特色的国有企业治理制度的设计,重塑了国有企业的规范体系。刘凯湘教授对本次《公司法》修订中与公司资本制度相关的若干条文展开解析,包括限期认缴制、新增有限公司股东出资义务加速到期制度、股东违反出资义务的责任承担规则、董事会的催缴出资义务、股东失权制度、董监高对股东抽逃出资的连带责任、类别股的规定、授权资本制等。赵万一教授深入探讨了这次《公司法》修改的主要特点,认为新《公司法》既坚持了其商法属性,同时又充分考虑了《民法典》的既有制度内容,适当兼顾了与《民法典》之间的制度衔接关系,从而既为科学解决民法与商法的关系提供了理念和制度支持,也为中国式法律制度体系的创建提供了完美的立法实践样本。周友苏教授深入解析了新《公司法》在完善股东出资制度方面增加的股东出资缴纳、股东出资“加速到期”、股东失权、股东出资责任这四条新规定,认为新《公司法》在完善股东出资制度方面增加的这些新规定,积极回应了我国自2013年以来公司数量大幅增长所带来的股东盲目认缴、天价认缴、期限过长的现象突出,损害债权人利益的纠纷案件呈明显上升态势等问题,极大地强化了保护债权人的力度。李建伟教授深入解析了《公司法》修订中与法定代表人制度相关的若干条文,认为新《公司法》关于法定代表人的规定较之以往更加体系化,并有望基本解决困扰公司实践许多年的诸多难题,但其中亦存在不完全规范的问题。

刑事申诉审查制度改革研究

刑事申诉案件的审查是非常重要的特别救济程序,但我国法律一直没有将这一审查活动纳入诉讼程序的轨道,相关规定散见于司法解释和规范性文件中。目前我国的刑事申诉审查存在审查主体多元化、审查内容和程序不完善、配套制度作用发挥不到位等问题,因此,需要对刑事申诉审查制度进行改革探索,取消法院审查主体地位,在检察机关内部设立相对独立的刑事申诉案件审查委员会对申诉案件进行实质性审查;区分形式审查和实质审查,构建刑事申诉审查程序;完善律师代理刑事申诉制度,规范刑事申诉案件异地审查制度,提高刑事申诉审查质效,并逐步将其确立为正式的刑事诉讼制度,推动刑事诉讼立法的发展。

越权代表行为效力规范释论

法定代表人的代表权限制方式存在意定限制与法定限制两种,在不同的代表权限制方式下越权行为的代表权外观表征并不相同,相对人的善意评判标准应随之有别。在代表权意定限制下,相对人只需审查法定代表人的身份则为已足,相对人对不知道越权代表无重大过失的即为善意。在代表权法定限制下,相对人除了尽到审查法定代表人身份这一最低义务之外,还应合理审查作为法定代表人授权来源的法人机关决议,相对人对不知道越权代表需无轻过失才为善意。相对人的善意是推定的,法人可以提出证据推翻这种善意。在相对人善意的情形下,法人对代表权外观总是具有可归责性,应向相对人承担表见代表责任。相对人有权放弃向法人主张表见代表责任,而选择向明知越权代表的法定代表人主张债务履行责任,或者向因过失而不知越权代表的法定代表人主张消极信赖损害赔偿。在相对人恶意的情形下,越权代表行为效力待定,法人追认的则为有效,由法人向相对人承担债务履行责任;法人未追认的则为无效,此时根据过失相抵规则,相对人因过失而不知越权代表的,既可以选择类推适用无权代理规范向有过错的越权代表人主张相应责任,也可以选择基于缔约过失或者侵权向有过错的法人主张相应责任。相对人明知越权代表的,越权代表人和法人原则上都无须向相对人承担责任。法人或者越权代表人向相对人承担责任之后,彼此之间根据过失相抵原则各自分担相应责任,最终分担的责任大小与各自的过错程度成正比。

基于香农熵代表性特征和投票机制的三维模型分类

目前基于视图的3维模型分类方法存在单视图视觉信息不充分、多视图信息冗余的问题,且同等对待所有视图会忽略不同投影视角之间的差异性。针对上述问题,该文提出一种基于香农熵代表性特征和投票机制的3维模型分类方法。首先,通过在3维模型周围均匀设置多个视角组来获取表征模型的多组视图集。为了有效提取视图深层特征,在特征提取网络中引入通道注意力机制;然后,针对Softmax函数输出的视图判别性特征,使用香农熵来选择代表性特征,从而避免多视图特征冗余;最后,基于多个视角组的代表性特征利用投票机制来完成3维模型分类。实验表明:该方法在3维模型数据集ModelNet10上的分类准确率达到96.48%,分类性能突出。

季节性冻土层埋地管道围岩稳定性分析

中国作为世界冻土大国,近一半国土含有不同种类的冻土,在油气管道的敷设过程中冻土、冻岩问题不可避免,因此研究埋地管道周围岩石稳定性十分重要。弹性模量是分析及评价岩石结构完整性与稳定性的重要指标,埋地管道围岩宏观及微观组成结构及分布特征等对岩石弹性模量有重要影响,目前研究存在一定不足。基于多孔介质表征单元体方法,建立了饱和冻岩弹性模量计算模型。利用所建模型,以砂岩体结构为例进行了模拟计算,分析了孔隙率、含水率以及通道构成系数等变化对岩石弹性模量的影响特性。结果表明:模型的弹性模量随孔隙率的增大呈下降趋势;当孔隙率恒定时,弹性模量随含水量的增大而减小,随通道构成系数的增大而减小。

基于图神经网络的专利文本分类研究

传统专利分类由专家逐件审阅,随着大数据、人工智能和自然语言处理技术的快速发展,专利文本自动分类正在成为学界、业界的重要研究方向之一。文本分类技术可以用于判断专利申请是否获得授权,帮助审查员自动化处理和分析专利申请文件,从而提高工作效率。针对海量专利的英文文本,提出一种基于图神经网络模型的专利文本自动分类方法,用于测度专利申请是否可获得授权。使用深度学习算法TextGCN对专利摘要语料进行学习和训练,利用图结构数据的邻居信息和节点特征,通过神经网络产生专利文本的表示向量,进而实现专利授权与否的预测。实验结果表明,本文采用的深度学习算法能够得到较好的分类效果,并且与Doc2vec和TFIDF表示方法相比,该模型在精确度、召回率、准确率及F1方面均有所提高,可为专利授权与否的自动预测提供可靠的研究依据。

我国以国家公园为主体的自然保护地体系建设进展与展望

自2013年党的十八届三中全会首次提出“建立国家公园体制”至今,中国已进入全面推进以国家公园为主体的自然保护地体系建设的新阶段。自然保护地的有效保护和管理是生物多样性保护战略最为基础的措施,是实现《昆明-蒙特利尔全球生物多样性框架》“3030”目标的核心任务之一。为此,该研究从我国国家公园开展试点探索(2013-2016年)、明确发展方向(2017-2020年)、加快建设(2021年至今)三个时间段,系统梳理了自国家公园体制改革启动以来,近10年来我国以国家公园为主体的自然保护地体系建设历程。可以看出,中国自然保护地体系建设探索形成了一系列创新举措与经验,主要包括:通过全域空间规划实现政策主流化;中央和地方财政投入持续增加,并探索了多元化资金渠道;通过整合优化解决自然保护地交叉重叠、多头管理的问题;以生物多样性保护为核心目标,兼顾生态系统服务、应对气候变化以及可持续发展等多重效益。围绕“3030”目标在自然保护地方面重点关注的面积比例、代表性、有效性、可持续性四个方面,整理分析了中国自然保护地体系建设的进展与不足。在此基础上,进一步提出以下建议,以期为我国及其他各国在推进实施“3030”目标方面提供借鉴和参考:①统筹落实自然保护地、生态保护红线与其他有效区域保护措施(OECMs)的系统性保护,特别是海洋保护方面;②提升自然保护地对于重要物种及其栖息地等重点区域的代表性和连通性;③完善各级各类自然保护地保护成效评估技术体系,形成常态化评估机制;④强化自然保护地可持续性评估指标与方法研究,兼顾自然保护地在应对各项社会挑战方面的多重效益;⑤探索多元化资金保障机制,开展试点实践和成本效益分析。

法国生态代表项目的运行逻辑、实施路径与启示

在法国,面向可持续发展的环境教育有着悠久的历史。2019年法国教育部提出选举生态代表,环境教育的发展进入新阶段。法国的生态代表项目具有清晰的运行逻辑,生态代表的选拔遵循全员参与、层次递进的原则。当选的生态代表以实践为导向,有着四重身份:信息传递者、项目行动者、会议发言人和行动评估者,围绕可持续发展的五大主题开展活动。法国生态代表项目通过研发指南、搭建多元参与的全学校支持模式、构建多维活动平台与保障机制等实施路径促进生态代表行动的可持续发展。虽然目前生态代表的教育实践在监督评估机制、安全保障设施等方面还有待完善,但仍在提升法国学生生态素养、促进学校可持续发展等方面发挥了积极作用,可以为我国开展生态文明教育提供有益启示。

基于文献组件的学术论文代表作组合结构化推荐

为帮助科研人员快速了解代表作的学术价值,增强对代表作内容的理解,基于文献组件对代表作进行了内容重组,通过构建代表作组合本体,以结构化方式展现了代表作组合的核心内容;以学术论文为例,遴选了学科领域内具有推荐价值的代表作组合;通过提取代表作的正、副文本组件,分别构建了代表作组合的正、副文本组件本体;在此基础上,给出代表作组合的推荐方案。组件本体从语义上表征了代表作组合的关键信息,能够增强读者对代表作价值的认知、提高读者获取知识的效率;代表作组合推荐有利于推进高质量、高水平学术成果的交流、传播与应用。本研究是对代表作内容融合、传播渠道融合的一次尝试,对学术交流从基于文献向基于知识单元理念的转变起到了积极的推动作用。