Patient-reported Outcomes (PROs): An Approach to Evaluate Treatment Efficacy of Chinese Medicine or Integrative Medicine

Chinese medicine (CM) has been an experience based practice over the past three thousand years. The safety and efficacy of CM has been practised through experience, rather than nowadays’ modern scientific measurements. In this way, the development of CM has not been keeping pace with the advance in science and technology and the progress in orthodox medicine. In order to meet the requirements of modern science and technology, an evidence based approach must be adopted. Reassurance is needed to convince people for safety and efficacy of CM and give confidence to the evidence based demands ——“Tradition is confirmed by Modern Science” (1) .

Evaluation of the Effects of Cypermethrin on Female Reproductive Function by Using Rabbit Model and of the Protective Role of Chinese Propolis

The prophylactic effects of Chinese propolis against cypermethrin toxicity were evaluated by performing ovary and uterus histopathology, as well as by characterizing ovarian function, embryos, and litters. Cypermethrin induced atypia in the ovary and uterus, and decreased the ovulation sites and the number of embryos. Cypermethrin-induced oxidative stress during pregnancy, decreased the parturition rate as well as the number and weight of offspring and increased the incidence of morphological malformations in the offspring. Administration of propolis to cypermethrin-treated animals mitigated cypermethrin-induced reproductive toxicity.

脓毒症中医证型分布、死亡因素分析及AT-Ⅲ联合NT-proBNP、SOFA评分对预后的评估价值

目的:探讨脓毒症中医证型分布规律及影响脓毒症患者预后的因素,并分析抗凝血酶原-Ⅲ(AT-Ⅲ)、N-末端脑钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)及序贯性器官衰竭(SOFA)评分对脓毒症患者预后的评估价值。方法:选取148例脓毒症患者作为研究对象,总结中医证型分布规律。根据预后情况分为存活组115例及死亡组33例。通过单因素及多因素逻辑(logistic)回归分析影响脓毒症患者预后的相关因素。绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评价AT-Ⅲ、NT-proBNP及SOFA评分对其预后的评估价值。结果:148例脓毒症患者的中医证型分布按频次从高到低排序依次为急性虚证64例(43.24%)、毒热证35例(23.65%)、血瘀证31例(20.95%)、腑气不通证18例(12.16%)。死亡组患者中急性虚证比例高于存活组(P<0.05)。急性虚证、AT-Ⅲ降低、NT-proBNP升高、SOFA评分、男性均为脓毒症患者死亡的危险因素(P<0.05)。AT-Ⅲ、NTproBNP、SOFA评分预测脓毒症患者死亡的ROC曲线下面积分别为0.676、0.715、0.724。当三者联合诊断时,ROC曲线下面积提高到0.8,敏感度高达90.9%。结论:脓毒症中医证型分布依次是急性虚证、毒热证、血瘀证和腑气不通证,急性虚证、AT-Ⅲ降低、NT-proBNP升高、SOFA评分、男性均为脓毒症患者死亡的危险因素。AT-Ⅲ联合NT-proBNP及SOFA评分可有效提升脓毒症患者死亡的早期预测准确性。

Learn Chinese and Foreign Knowledge,Cherish Ambition for the World——Exclusive Interview with Professor Zhang Jian,Dean of the School of English and International Studies from Beijing Foreign Studies University

As one of the top foreign language schools in China,Beijing Foreign Studies University s(BFSU)School of English and International Studies has a longstanding history and is famous both at home and abroad.Since its establishment in 1944,the school has cultivated a batch of renowned diplomatists,leaders in the media industry,corporate elites,experts of English education and government officials for the country.The school’s graduates are located all over the world and have become outstanding people in all walks of life.

A Comparative Study of Empty Pronouns Between English and Chinese

The thesis is a comparative study of empty pronouns between English and Chinese under the frame work of GB theory.Following the introductory part,the existence of PRO and pro has been researched in both English and Chinese.Then,the two kinds of empty pronouns are respectively compared between the two languages.A comparison has been made between English and Chinese in terms of their generation,distribution,classification,reference and interpretation to explore both the similarities and differences.Disputable issues have been covered and we tried to find out a solution.As a whole,English shares the same classification with Chinese except for pro.They do not have substantial differences in property,but PRO used in the two languages have distinction in concrete sentence structures.Since English possesses no pro,we have focused on its presence in Chinese.This total difference can clearly show us the difference between the two languages.This thesis aims at exploring the distinctive features and properties of English and Chinese by comparison so as to bring enlightenment to the translation in this aspect and gain a better understanding of the two languages in the structure.

Impressions on the Book“On the Standard Nomenclature of Traditional Chinese Medicine”(by Professor XIE Zhu-fan,Foreign Languages Press Beijing, 2003)

Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)is indubitably on the top of Chinese cultural treasures,deeplyimpressed in the mind of Chinese people.Unfortunately,TCM is facing difficulties in the route towardsinternationalization,up till now,TCM has not yet been granted a legal position for clinical practice in aconsiderable number of countries.So it is our responsibility tO make TCM internationalized and push TCMtobe accepted world—wide,even though we know that it is a long way to go.

Contents and Abstracts of Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering (Chinese Edition),ISSN 0577-6686,CN 11-2187/TH

Vol.43,No.7,2007 NOVEL RECOATING PROCESS WITH DYNAMIC OPTIMIZED BLADE SPEED XU Guangshen ZHAO Wanhua LU Bingheng (1.Department of Mechanical Engineering, Xi’an Polytechnic University,Xi’an 710048,China; 2.Institute of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China) In order to improve the recoating quality of piston recoating system and resolve the problem that resin layer thickness increases with the height of object during building process in high-resolution stereolitho- graphy system,a novel recoating process whose blade speed is dynami- cally optimized during building process is proposed.Experiments are carried out to investigate the influence of blade speed and object height on the thickness of resin layer.The mathematical model describing the rela- tionship of recoating layer thickness with object height and blade speed is

Contents and Abstracts of Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering(Chinese Edition),ISSN 0577-6686,CN 11-2187/TH

Method of Conceptual Design of Mechanic Product Driven by Generalized Performance WEI Zhe TAN Jianrong FENG Yixiong (State Key Laboratory of CAD&CG,Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027,China) Generalized performance of product is used as an effective tool to drive the whole process of conceptual design of mechanical product. Generalized performance of product is defined by utilizing the deduction of axiom of"object structure"which is combined with"P-E"system.And

Contents and Abstracts of Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering(Chinese Edition),ISSN 0577-6686,CN 11-2187/TH Vol.44,No.5,2008

Vol.44,No.3,2008 Investigation into Mechanism of Initial Rail Corrugation Formation at a Curved Track JIN Xuesong WEN Zefeng XIAO Xinbiao (Traction Power State Key Laboratory,Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031,China) The mechanism of initial rail corrugation formation at a curved track is analyzed with a numerical method.The numerical method consid- ers a combination of a coupling dynamic model of a half railway vehicle and a finite length curved track, Kalker′s theory of three-dimensional elastic bodies in rolling contact,and a material wear model,The Hertzian contact non-linear spring with a unilateral restrain and the non-linear tan- gent creep-force model by SHEN-Elkins-Hydrick are used to couple the vehicle model with the track model.Through the detailed analysis on the dynamic behavior of the vehicle curving and the transient contact geome- try of the wheelset and track,the normal forces,the creepases,the contact point positions,and the contact geometry parameters of the wheels and the rails are obtained.According to the known numerical results the rolling

Contents and Abstracts of Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering(Chinese Edition),ISSN 0577-6686,CN 11-2187/TH

Vol.44,No.3,2008 Investigation into Mechanism of Initial Rail Corrugation Formation at a Curved Track JIN Xuesong WEN Zefeng XIAO Xinbiao (Traction Power State Key Laboratory,Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031,China) The mechanism of initial rail corrugation formation at a curved track is analyzed with a numerical method.The numerical method consid- ers a combination of a coupling dynamic model of a half railway vehicle and a finite length curved track, Kalker′s theory of three-dimensional elastic bodies in rolling contact,and a material wear model,The Hertzian contact non-linear spring with a unilateral restrain and the non-linear tan- gent creep-force model by SHEN-Elkins-Hydrick are used to couple the vehicle model with the track model.Through the detailed analysis on the dynamic behavior of the vehicle curving and the transient contact geome- try of the wheelset and track,the normal forces,the creepases,the contact point positions,and the contact geometry parameters of the wheels and the rails are obtained.According to the known numerical results the

Contents and Abstracts of Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering (Chinese Edition),ISSN 0577-6686,CN 11-2187/TH

Vol.44,No.9,2008 The end effect of empirical mode decomposition that appears when using spline interpolation to get two envelops of the data is dis- cussed.The shortage of ordinary end extending methods is pointed out.An extending method based on trigonometric functions is improved,and the influence of different extending periods,length and value of end point of the data is discussed.A comparison with mirror extending method is made and analyzed.On the basis of the improved method,a new method with exponent sine function extending approach is proposed,which decreases the envelop emanation of end points of extending data,so it can improve the speed and precision of EMD,and simulation is used to prove the effec- tiveness.Results show that the proposed improved extending method can restrain the end effect effectively.

The 2nd Chinese Brand Festival Opens

On October 1,co-spon- sored by the China Council for the Pro- motion of Intenational Trade(CCPIT),the All-China Women's Federation(ACWF) and the Brand China Industry Alliance(Brand China),the 2nd Chinese Brand Festival was solemnly opened at the National Indoor Stadium.Nearly 20,000 entrepreneurs,brand experts,

Human Rights Ideas and Concepts in Traditional Chinese Culture

Does the traditional Chinese culture embrace human rights? If so, in what ways? Questions of this sort are not only of academic concern but also of public interest. With this in mind, Yun Xiang had an interview with Prof. Huang Nansen of Beijing University, a famous Chinese scholar in the studies of humanity and traditional cultures and values.

中药渣发酵菌剂筛选及发酵工艺优化效果研究

试验旨在筛选中药渣的适宜发酵菌剂并建立最佳发酵工艺,用来提高发酵中药渣中营养成分和生物活性成分含量。试验包含三个部分。试验一:采用单因素试验设计,利用植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum,Lp)、酵母菌(Saccharomyces cerevisiae,Sc)和枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis,Bs)对中药渣进行单一菌剂、等比例两两复合和三者复合发酵,通过常规养分含量测定对其发酵效果进行营养价值评价,并筛选出适宜的发酵菌剂及复合类型。试验二:采用双因素试验设计,筛选发酵菌剂的最优添加比例。试验三:采用正交设计试验,分析初始水分含量(45%、50%、55%)、发酵温度(35、37、40℃)及发酵时间(24、48、72 h)对最优发酵剂处理后药渣内营养成分和生物活性成分含量变化的影响,优化工艺参数。结果表明:最优菌制剂为植物乳杆菌与枯草芽孢杆菌等比例组合,其最优添加比例为1∶1;最佳发酵工艺条件为初始水分含量为55%,发酵温度为37℃,发酵时间为72 h。黄曲霉毒素B1(Aflatoxin B1,AFB1)和呕吐毒素(Deoxynivalenol,DON)均符合中国饲料卫生标准。在此发酵工艺条件下有利于提升中药渣的发酵效果。

浅谈中医药PRO量表的研制

[目的]探讨中医药PRO量表的研制方法。[方法]借鉴中风痉挛性瘫痪患者PRO量表的研制经验,从概念操作化、域体系的建立、量表条目的确定及条目的表达方式上探讨中医药PRO量表的研制特色。[结果]中医药PRO量表的研制一方面应当借鉴国外的通用研究模式和经验,另一方面应当立足中医药体系,研制出适合中医药自身特点的PRO量表。[结论]研究适合中医药特色的PRO量表对于构建中医药疗效评价体系具有重要意义,仍需进一步的研究。

2015—2022年中国大鲵在浙江省的发现记录及保护现状

中国大鲵(Andrias davidianus)是我国特有的国家二级重点保护野生动物,了解并掌握其种群现状是开展有效保护的前提和基础.然而,由于种群分布及动态等信息的缺乏,限制了其保护与管理工作的发展.系统整理浙江省大规模实施中国大鲵增殖放流后的工作信息,以及2015—2022年浙江省有关中国大鲵发现记录的新闻报道、文献资料等信息,进一步分析中国大鲵发现记录的时空规律.结果表明:浙江省增殖放流点主要集中在衢州、丽水等水资源较丰富,人为因素干扰小的山区;浙江省有关中国大鲵的发现记录有66条,2015—2022年均有中国大鲵的发现记录,发现时间集中在2月及4—7月,这5个月合计记录为45条,占中国大鲵记录总数的68.18%.随着人们保护意识的提高和各个自然保护区的科学保护,有关中国大鲵的发现记录近年来正在不断上升.研究初步调查了报道发现的中国大鲵在浙江省的分布状况及保护现状,为下一步加强大鲵保护管理提供了基础数据.

慢性乙型肝炎中医特色PRO量表的研制

目的:研制具有中医特色的慢性乙型肝炎患者自评量表(Patient report outcome,PRO量表)。方法:采用流行病学方法对326例慢乙肝患者进行调查,收集数据,通过一系列统计分析研制慢性乙型肝炎中医特色PRO量表,并对其进行科学性考核。结果:研制出具有较好信度、效度和反应度的慢性乙型肝炎中医特色PRO量表。结论:慢性乙型肝炎中医特色PRO量表能较好反映慢性乙肝患者的生理、心理和社会适应度,可以用来辅助评价慢乙肝患者的临床疗效。

乳腺癌术后中医PRO平台的建立

乳腺癌是女性常见的恶性肿瘤,中医药目前已成为乳腺癌综合治疗中重要的方法之一,中医在改善其各种症状及提高乳腺癌患者的QOL已得到肯定和认可,但目前尚缺乏针对中医治疗乳腺癌统一的疗效评价标准。PRO是近年来提出的以患者主观感受为主的疗效评价体系,和中医重视问诊和患者主观症状不谋而合,它以直接提供给患者的自填式问卷为主,因这种方式不受医生的干预,要比由临床医生实施的访谈或打分等方法更为可取。这比基于观察者报道的测量更为可靠和科学,更具客观性,PRO评价体系可以作为今后研究中医药辨证论治乳腺癌奠定基础。