Regulation on the Protection of Fossils Issued by the State Council of the People's Republic of China:Scientists' Researches Protected Legally—Further Explanation

With large-scale engineering projects being carried out in China, a large number of fossil localities have been discovered and excavated by responsible agencies, but still some important fossils of great value have been removed and smuggled into foreign countries. In the last three years, more than 1345 fossil specimens have been intercepted by Customs in Shenzhen, Shanghai, Tianjin, Beijing and elsewhere, and more than 5000 fossils, most of which are listed as key fossils,

Celebrating 70 years of health research on the 70^th birthday of the People's Republic of China:Outstanding Scientific Achievements by Academicians of Chinese Academy of Sciences A Chinese Academy of Engineering in Neural Regeneration

Gong Ju,Member,Chinese Academy of Sciences In 1953 Prof.Gong Ju was recruited by People’s Liberation Army to be a teacher in Department of Anatomy of the Fourth Military Medical University,a school just established and located in Xi'an,a very back-woods city.The university had little,if any,research facilities.

A descriptive-comparative study of medications used by older people prior to and following admission to a continuing care facility

Medications are beneficial for curing or managing acute and chronic illnesses. Medications typically have positive outcomes, although older people are prone to drug-related problems. Community-dwelling seniors are at particularly high risk of polypharmacy, as they tend to receive many prescriptions over time and from different care providers. Continuing-care facility admission presents an excellent opportunity for a comprehensive medication review. A research study was conducted to describe and compare medications taken by community-dwelling seniors prior to and following admission to a continuing-care facility. This pilot project involved data being gathered from the charts of deceased residents, as required by a University Health Research Ethics Board, who had been cared for at one large local continuing-care facility. The facility administrators also approved this study, in part to evaluate their policy to conduct a medication review for all new residents within six weeks of entry. This study revealed a slight but statistically significant reduction in the number of medications following this review. Other issues such as medication interactions and required dosage changes were addressed by this medication review. Although this study was confined to one continuing-care facility and a small number of residents, the findings suggest medication reviews would be beneficial upon admission to all continuing-care facilities, and annually perhaps through other means for older persons living in the community.

Effect of hydrotherapy on sleep deficiency among older people in integrated community health services in Pandak Ⅰ Bantul

Objective: Relaxation technique is a nonpharmacological treatment applied to increase sleep efficiency and the quality of sleep.Hydrotherapy is one of the relaxation techniques and uses warm water to decrease stress and muscle stiffness, as well as to warm the body. The incidence of sleep deficiency among older people in Integrated Community Health Services, Pandak I Bantul, has slightly increased year by year. This research aims to evaluate the effect of hydrotherapy on sleep deprivation among older people.Methods: The research was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-post test design. Purposive sampling was used to enroll 66 older people from the Integrated Community Health Services, Pandak I Bantul, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, as a sample, and we divided them into two groups: 33 people formed the intervention group, and 33 people comprised the control group. The intervention group did hydrotherapy once a day for a total of 7 days. First, they soaked their feet in warm water for 10 minutes. The water temperature was adjusted according to the body temperature, to approximately 40.0℃-43.0℃. Then, the intervention group took a bath using warm water. The level of sleep quality was measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI) questionnaire. Data analysis was done using the Wilcoxon test.Results: The mean score for sleep quality in the pretest in the intervention group was 9.04(standard deviation [SD]: 2.57) and the score on the posttest was 42(SD: 1.43). The mean score for sleep quality in the intervention group was 4.67, with P=0.05.Meanwhile, the research found that the difference between the pretest and posttest scores for quality of sleep in the control group was 0.42, with P=0.059. Wilcoxon analysis found that in the intervention group, there was a significant difference after intervention using hydrotherapy, with P<0.05. In the control group, there was no significance difference between the pretest and posttest scores,with P> 0.05.Conclusions: According to the results of the present study, it appears that the practice of hydrotherapy is effective in reducing sleep deficiency and hence can be considered an effective method of intervention.

Text Mining Analysis of Efficiency of the Continuously Implemented Gathering Type Action Plan for Male Elderly People Obtained

Aim: To clarify transformation of the participants’ consciousness for rebuilding the community and its factors from the discussion contents by actions for male elderly people in Town A in Fukushima prefecture. Design: This study was an action research. Method: The author verbalized discussion contents of the action conducted in 2018-2019 and analyzed them for each year by the text mining method. Results: The word appearance frequency was high in the order of “Person” and “Town A” in both years. One large word network was formed in 2018 and its topic was about what the participants feel in their life in Town A. Two large word networks were formed in 2019 and their topic was about the community participation including difficulty in motivating others such as how people who do not participate can feel like joining it.

Reconciling Local and Global Agendas in Sustainable Development: Participatory Research with Indigenous Andean Communities

This paper discusses participatory research in the Andes and presents a case study in Cotacachi, Ecuador, where sustainability scientists and indigenous people seek common ground in their respective but drastically different research and social agendas. Participatory research based on Andean experiences pre-dated and inspired much of the later international movement in agriculture, health, and conservation. Andean communities have a long history in demanding that outsiders address the needs of the community as a condition for carrying out scientific or applied activities. What an Andean community, however, sees as relevant may or may not be within the rubric of ‘participatory research’ as it is practiced throughout much of the world. In fact, overzealous participatory researchers are just as bothersome as their predecessors bearing long questionnaires. More important to Andean people is an equitable relationship with researchers and developers in which exchanges of value are made. A distinction between ‘enriching’ and ‘extractive’ research is drawn. In the case of the SANREM project in Cotacachi, Ecuador, scientists carried out enriching research activities of interest to local people as a wayto generate social capital for conducting basic research which does not have an obvious, immediate local benefit. The requested research did not have a conventional participatory methodology but provided valuable products (educational opportunity, germplasm, community visualization tools, and information) to the indigenous community in exchange for time and resources to conduct research on more basic natural resource questions. We argue that in the Andean context the key to reconciling the needs of scientists and of local needs is seeking new forms of equitable collaboration which reach beyond the present and now somewhat tired discourse of ‘participation’.

中青年缓解期精神分裂症患者社会疏离体验的质性研究

背景精神分裂症患者在整个生存期常感知到的较为严重的社会歧视,出现自我疏离或者社会性疏离。目前针对中青年缓解期精神分裂症患者社会疏离方面的研究较少。目的描述中青年缓解期精神分裂症患者社会疏离的体验,旨在为缓解该人群社会疏离体验制订支持干预方案提供一定的借鉴和参考。方法采用目的抽样法选取18~59岁,曾在新乡医学院第二附属医院住院且出院后愿意继续接受随访的中青年缓解期精神分裂症患者为研究对象,于2022年5—12月通过对受访者进行面对面半结构式深入访谈,并以内容分析法归纳和提炼主题。结果共纳入18名中青年缓解期精神分裂症患者。通过对访谈资料进行分析,共提炼出3个主题和8个亚主题:中青年缓解期精神分裂症患者社会疏离的表现(包括2个亚主题:负性情感体验、期待与行为之间的退缩);中青年缓解期精神分裂症患者社会疏离的主观原因(包括2个亚主题:自我疏离、自我歧视)、中青年缓解期精神分裂症患者社会疏离的客观原因(包括4个亚主题:社会歧视和被动疏离、药物不良反应的影响、精神疾病引起的生活和照护负担加重、缺乏社会支持)。结论中青年缓解期精神分裂症患者由于生理健康受损、心理状况不良、社会支持不足等存在社会疏离,医护人员应加强对该人群的症状管理和心理疏导,政府及社会各界应积极引导对精神疾病的正向认知并给予一定的社会支持;同时强化家庭内部支持,以帮助其重返和适应社会。

建军百年视域下中国共产党建军精神研究的思考

1927年震惊中外的南昌起义,是中国共产党独立领导武装斗争和创建新型人民军队的标志,也是中国共产党建军精神形成的起点。基于始于南昌起义,历经秋收起义、三湾改编、井冈山工农武装割据、赣南闽西苏区开辟、新泉整训,至古田会议的恢宏建军实践形成的建军精神,是伟大建党精神在大革命失败向土地革命转折时期的丰富发展,属于中国共产党人精神谱系范畴,近年来得到学界聚焦,研究方兴未艾。在中国人民解放军建军100周年即将到来之际,以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和中共中央关于党的百年奋斗重大成就和历史经验的决议等为指导,全面梳理和深刻总结相关研究得失,进一步深化集中体现党的性质、宗旨、作风和党对军队绝对领导根本原则与制度的建军精神研究,反映了军队历史和军旅文化研究的前沿趋势,对于回答建军百年历史研究的时代之问——建军精神来自哪里?建军精神如何形成的?建军精神内涵和特质是什么?建军精神与伟大建党精神的逻辑关系是什么?建军精神的历史地位和时代价值有哪些?等,有着重要意义和作用。

残疾人居住空间无障碍改造研究综述

随着中国人口老龄化形势的日益严峻,残障人群的数量不断增加,新时代,我国更加重视残疾人事业的建设,而居住空间的无障碍改造设计是改善残疾人生活质量的重要手段之一。该文从国内外关于残疾人居家环境无障碍改造的文献研究入手,梳理有关国内外残疾人居住空间无障碍改造的发展历程,综合评述了国内外相关研究关于残疾人住房起居无障改造设计的研究方向、方法与结论。同时,总结我国在老龄化背景和人本理念下残疾人居住空间无障碍改造存在的无障碍问题与未来发展趋势,以期推进我国无障碍发展建设,提升残疾人民生福祉。

新疆阿克陶县中老年人群牙列缺损及修复情况调查研究

目的:本研究就阿克陶县中老年人群牙列缺损及修复情况展开调查,为该地区人群口腔疾病的防治提供理论依据。方法:采用多阶段、分层、随机抽样的原则,于2023年3月-10月对阿克陶县545名45岁以上中老年人进行问卷调查和口腔状况检查,记录牙列缺损及修复情况。结果:在调查的545名中老年人群中,牙列缺损率为63.85%,牙列缺失率为28.07%,义齿修复率为30.74%,牙列缺损在性别、族别、年龄之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),女性缺牙率高于男性,柯尔克孜族牙列缺损率高于维吾尔族,45~54岁牙列缺损率最高,义齿修复率在族别之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。修复方式以固定义齿修复为主,缺失牙以磨牙为主,上、下颌各个区域缺牙数在男性和女性之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。牙齿缺失原因在不同年龄段之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),其中龋齿占比最高。牙列缺损在刷牙频率、刷牙时间及口腔科就诊的频率上差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),刷牙频率越低、刷牙时间越短、口腔科就诊频率越低,牙列缺损及牙列缺失发生率越高。获取口腔保健知识最多的途径是短视频、电视及广告。结论:阿克陶县中老年人的口腔健康状况令人堪忧,牙列缺损率较高,与修复率严重不符。建议政府、医疗机构和社会各界共同努力,提高中老年人的口腔卫生意识和保健能力。

中青年原发性双癌病人疾病体验的质性研究

目的:深入了解中青年原发性双癌病人的疾病体验,为临床医护人员制订针对性的干预策略提供参考依据。方法:采取描述性现象学研究方法,选取2020年8月—2022年8月收治住院的13例中青年原发性双癌病人为研究对象进行半结构访谈,采用Giorgi现象学分析法分析资料并提炼主题。结果:中青年原发性双癌病人疾病体验可归纳为心理痛苦;不良生理体验;信息需求强烈;疾病应对方式,调整信念系统;经济负担沉重5个主题。结论:医护人员应重视中青年原发性双癌病人在患病过程中的身心感受,关注诊疗决策与心理经历,提供灵性照护;整合信息渠道,注重知识碎片化呈现;强化家庭韧性,发挥社会支持中介效应。

国外积极老龄化的研究演进、前沿热点与发展趋势

国外积极老龄化的发展经验能为我国积极应对人口老龄化国家战略提供借鉴。基于科学知识图谱,通过分析Web of Science中国外积极老龄化的研究成果,利用CiteSpace和VOSviewer软件对1406篇文献进行定量分析发现:国外积极老龄化研究经历了初步探索期、快速增长期和多元发展期,研究主题涉及老年医学、环境科学、营养学、心理学、经济学等多元学科。国外积极老龄化研究的热点主题包括老年人衰老、疾病和健康、老年人社会参与、老年人社会支持和从理念到战略的转变。研究前沿聚焦老年人所处的复杂的环境因素对于其“变老”过程的影响,并通过制度支持和政策实施来优化其所处环境,高龄老人愈加受到学界关注。鉴于此,国内积极老龄化实践应健全政策体系和工作顶层设计,完善社会保障、养老服务和健康支撑体系,积极发展老年银发经济,推进老年友好型社会建设,鼓励多元主体参与,形成积极老龄化的社会共识。

物流专业“虚拟教研室+课程思政”模式的构建逻辑与实现路径

课程思政改革已经在我国各大高校广泛推行并取得了良好的效果,但目前物流专业在课程思政实践中面临着思政能力和思政力量不足以及学生思政成效不明显等问题。而虚拟教研室正好可以为课程思政建设提供新的组织力量支撑。因此,虚拟教研室与课程思政相结合,有可能成为未来课程思政改革的一大趋势。文章通过研究,分析了物流专业虚拟教研室与课程思政改革相结合的必然性,阐明了虚拟教研室与课程思政相结合的逻辑,并指出了虚拟教研室与课程思政相结合的实现路径。

人民城市理念下广州城市特色风貌研究体系探析

“人民城市为人民”,“以人为本”的发展理念正逐步从城市设计领域推进到城市风貌研究中,以更加凸显城市人居环境中人的重要性。该文从理论研究出发,在人民城市理论、马斯洛需求层次理论、史密斯宜居城市层次理论、凯文·林奇的城市形态价值标准及何镜堂院士“两观三性”建筑等理论基础上,结合广州城市风貌实践研究,及广州城市发展的新趋势,在人的需求层次与广州历史文化、时代特色共生的城市风貌要素之间,建立新的关联,形成新的系统,建构以人民为中心的广州城市特色风貌研究新体系,可供同类项目参考。

老年人社会参与研究文献计量与研究热点分析

目的对国内外老年人社会参与领域内的研究现状及热点进行可视化分析,以期为我国开展相关研究提供参考。方法本研究基于文本挖掘技术和文献计量学等方法,检索Web of Science核心集、中国知网、万方、维普等数据库老年人社会参与领域的中英文相关文献。运用CiteSpace对文献的发文量、机构、关键词等方面进行可视化分析。结果最终纳入文献571篇,其中英文269篇,中文302篇,老年人社会参与领域年发文量呈波浪式上升趋势。相较于国外,国内发文机构间合作网较为松散、联系密度低;国内老年人社会参与研究多聚焦影响因素,国外研究多围绕社会参与对不同健康指标结局的作用;国内外相同研究热点主要围绕老年人社会参与与心理健康疾病及积极老龄化健康政策之间的相互作用。结论目前国内老年人社会参与领域的研究正处于不断发展阶段,但研究深度及广度不足,影响因素及现状研究仍是核心,应促进机构间交流合作,借鉴国外研究热点,深化研究内容,为丰富和强化老年人社会参与提供理论和实践依据。

老年患者接受远程医疗护理体验与需求质性研究的Meta整合

目的 系统评价老年患者接受远程医疗护理的体验与需求,为临床应用及改善远程医疗护理服务提供参考依据。方法 计算机检索CINAHL、The Cochrane Library、PubMed、Embase、Scopus、Web of Science、中国知网、万方、维普、中国生物医学数据库中关于老年患者对远程医疗护理体验与需求的质性研究,检索时限为建库至2023年2月。结果 共纳入18篇文献,提取75个结果,形成14个类别,概括为4个整合结果:老年患者对远程医疗护理的态度;远程医疗护理给老年患者带来的益处;老年患者接受远程医疗护理面临的障碍;老年患者长期接受远程医疗护理的需求。结论 老年患者对远程医疗护理的态度多样,在受益的同时面临多方面的挑战,关注老年患者接受远程医疗护理体验与需求,以促进远程医疗护理的推广与持续使用。

中医外治法治疗中青年高血压的研究进展

高血压病作为一个常见的疾病,影响了人们的身体健康,患病率呈现逐年上升趋势。中青年与老年人相比对自身的自我保健意识相对较差,以及生活方式改变,例如“饮食不节”“情志不畅”“劳逸失调”等,因此高血压的患病人群逐渐年轻化。中医外治法在治疗高血压中有一定的特色和优势,根据相关文献的学习结合临床经验,从耳穴压豆、针刺治疗、放血疗法、穴位贴敷、中药足浴进行综合性叙述,以充分了解中医外治法治疗中青年高血压的新思路。

老年多重用药患者医院—家庭过渡期用药体验的质性研究

目的了解老年多重用药患者在医院—家庭过渡期参与药物相关医疗护理活动的体验,为后续提升过渡期药物管理质量提供参考。方法采用描述性现象学,于2022年8月—9月以目的抽样法选取重庆市某三级甲等医院出院1周后的16例老年多重用药患者为研究对象,对其进行面对面半结构式访谈,并采用Colaizzi 7步分析法对资料进行分析。结果共访谈17次,访谈录音约493 min,转录文字约4.2万字,提炼出4个主题:在用药决策方面参与感不足、感知掌握出院用药信息困难(因出院时间仓促无法完全消化出院用药指导内容、对医务人员解释的出院用药信息充满困惑)、对出院药物清单存在困惑(对出院药物清单存在辨认困难、难以理解出院药物清单中的专业术语、无法从出院药物清单中获取完整和准确的用药信息)、出院用药困难而需家庭支持(独立管理出院用药存在负担、需依靠家庭支持帮助提高药物管理信心)。结论老年多重用药患者在医院—家庭过渡期所经历的药物相关医疗护理活动体验较差,应构建合理的工作流程以提高过渡期药物管理质量,从而保障患者过渡期间药物治疗的准确性和连续性。

睡眠障碍对老年认知功能的影响机制及防治研究进展

由于年龄相关的退行性病变及并发症等因素,老年人睡眠障碍发生率高且易被忽略,增加了认知功能障碍、谵妄及心血管事件的发生率。本文就近年来睡眠障碍对认知功能影响的机制及其防治策略进行综述,以期为临床老年患者睡眠障碍的防治提供思路。

以字为据:铸牢中华民族共同体意识视域下壮族古籍整理研究

古籍是中华优秀传统文化的重要载体,少数民族古籍是其中重要的组成部分,蕴涵了各民族的文化审美、精神理念和道德规范。壮族方块字是壮族的传统民族文字,运用方块字抄写的壮族古籍是系统记录壮族文化的宝贵财富。通过识读方块字和这些抄本,可了解历史和前人的文化创造,借此追寻壮语的历史演变轨迹,窥探壮语与汉语的历史渊源;亦可探寻汉传故事演化为壮歌、壮戏的过程,观察壮族民众对中华文化的认同心态与接受程度。加快整理壮族的珍稀古籍,深挖其中的优秀文化元素,是助力构建中华民族共有精神家园,铸牢中华民族共同体意识的重要举措,为实现中华民族伟大复兴提供精神力量。