Recently, ontological study has been one of the key concerns of geographic information science, a number of studies have been conducted in both of philosophical and knowledge engineering approach. Some studies pointed...Recently, ontological study has been one of the key concerns of geographic information science, a number of studies have been conducted in both of philosophical and knowledge engineering approach. Some studies pointed out the importance of human cognition and social context for development of ontologies. This paper presents empirical investigation of common sense of land use categories for development of suitable ontologies for each cultural or speech communities. Distinctions and characteristics in perceiving land use categories were described by a psychological method that was submitted to Japanese graduate and undergraduate students. In addition the results were analyzed using corresponddence analysis, a statistical technique for categorical data. This analysis serves to clarify the dominant determining factors for land use categories.展开更多
Establishing a sense of ritual within tourism consumption scenarios offers tourists the opportunity for interactive engagement.Drawing upon the value co-creation theory,this study constructed an influence mechanism mo...Establishing a sense of ritual within tourism consumption scenarios offers tourists the opportunity for interactive engagement.Drawing upon the value co-creation theory,this study constructed an influence mechanism model to examine tourists'active engagement in the process of co-creating tourism experience values.It employed Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling(PLS-SEM)to empirically test the proposed hypotheses.The findings demonstrate that the model constructed in the present study exhibits robust reliability,validity,and explanatory power.The perception of the sense of ritual in tourism exerts a significant positive influence on tourists’co-creation of tourism experience values,thereby significantly enhancing both the communitas and flow experienced by tourists during their travels.Moreover,such communitas and flow can mediate the influence of the sense of ritual in tourism on tourists’co-creation of tourism experience values.This study contributes to advancing the current research on tourists’co-creation of tourism experience values and the sense of ritual in tourism,thereby providing theoretical foundations for cultivating a sense of ritual within tourism consumption scenarios.展开更多
Climate science deals with the harsh reality of 174,000 terawatt of solar energy striking Earth’s surface&air,minus 29 percent albedo.The exposure is sustained by the planet cooling itself by means of EM radiatio...Climate science deals with the harsh reality of 174,000 terawatt of solar energy striking Earth’s surface&air,minus 29 percent albedo.The exposure is sustained by the planet cooling itself by means of EM radiation emitted to outer space of a like amount of energy in the infrared range.The balance may not be perfect at all times,but miraculously we are still around&attempting to comprehend the physical processes involved in keeping the planet’s surface suitable to sustain biological life&human civilization.While ground temperature is maintained at a pleasant avg 288 kelvin=15℃by the atmospheric greenhouse effect,a surprising 255 kelvin satisfies the demand for radiative cooling.This just happens to be standard air temperature at 5,000 m altitude.Official climate science largely is concerned with models&has assigned a major role to carbon molecules in air.As these exist currently only at mere trace levels,they are widely considered to be irrelevant for climate in view of the Mass-Action Law that implies that trace components can have only trace effects.Denying this simple fact,familiar to meteorologists,unfortunately has led to much of the civilized public being misled by climate scientists.One of the themes among their rhetoric is calling for renewable energy sources,when in reality unlimited amounts of hydrogen&hydrocarbons are dissolved in the Earth’s mantle,going back to the primitive solar nebula that gave rise to our solar system,&available for human consumption through fracking.Here in this philosophical essay,we are offering simple empirical proofs,examples from everday life,as opposed to the largely theoretical modeling work of climate science,for the fact that atmospheric carbon molecules can have only trace effects on radiative planetary cooling,proofs that are easy to verify.We dispute unrealistic estimates of important effects on climate from carbon dioxide trace gas via an atmospheric feedback mechanism proposed by some climate scientists.The essay demonstrates that atmospheric carbon molecules are irrelevant for climate at this epoch.Humanity is not facing a carbon climate crisis,currently.展开更多
One of the study objectives of global change is land use/cover change (LUCC) by using multiscale remotely sensed data on global and regional scale. In this paper, field sample, digital camera, Landsat-ETM+ (ETM+, Enha...One of the study objectives of global change is land use/cover change (LUCC) by using multiscale remotely sensed data on global and regional scale. In this paper, field sample, digital camera, Landsat-ETM+ (ETM+, Enhanced Thematic Mapper) image and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/the advanced very high resolution radiometer (NOAA/AVHRR) image were integrated to detect, simulate and analyze the vegetation fractional coverage of typical steppe in northern China. The results show: (1) Vegetation fractional coverage measured by digital camera is more precise than results measured by other methods. It can be used to validate other measuring results. (2) Vegetation fractional coverage measured by 1 m 2 field sample change fluctuantly for different observers and for different sample areas. In this experiment, the coverage is generally high compared with the result measured by digital camera, and the average absolute error is 9.92%, but two groups measure results, correlation coefficient r(2) = 0.89. (3) Three kinds of methods using remotely sensed data were adopted to simulate the vegetation fractional coverage. Average absolute errors of the vegetation fractional coverage, measured by ETM+ and NOAA, are respectively 7.03% and 7.83% compared with the result measured by digital camera. When NOAA pixel was decomposed by ETM+ pixels after geometrical registry, the average absolute errors measured by this method is 5.68% compared with the digital camera result. Correction coefficients of three results with digital camera result r(2) are respectively 0.78, 0.61 and 0.76. (4) The result of statistic model established by NOAA-NDVI (NDVI, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) and the vegetation fractional coverage measured by digital camera show lower precision (r(2) = 0.65) than the result of statistic model established by ETM+-NDVI and digital camera coverage then converted to NOAA image (r(2) = 0.80). Pixel decomposability method improves the precision of measuring the vegetation fractional coverage on a large scale. This is a significant practice on scaling by using remotely sensed data. Integrated application of multi-scale remotely sensed data in earth observation will be an important approach to promoting measuring precision of ecological parameters.展开更多
Don DeLillo is one of the post-modernist novelists with most important position in America.His work White Noise is the most classic art of post-modernist literature in America,which hit great commercial successes and ...Don DeLillo is one of the post-modernist novelists with most important position in America.His work White Noise is the most classic art of post-modernist literature in America,which hit great commercial successes and deserved universal atten tion in the field of criticism immediately after its publication.This paper is trying to analyze the functions of mass media in White Noise,discuss the double dominations of mass media on psychological world and sense instinct through analyze the effects of mass media on psychology,action and values of modern people,and then pay attention to the role of mass media in post-modernist so ciety.Then all of these may provide some implications to work and life of modern people who depend on mass media overly.展开更多
In the formation of native sense,many factors play important roles,such as native culture,literature,and social circumstances and so on.This thesis focuses on the construction of female identities and their importance...In the formation of native sense,many factors play important roles,such as native culture,literature,and social circumstances and so on.This thesis focuses on the construction of female identities and their importance in the formation of native sense.Due to their different cultural backgrounds and cultural identities,the constructions of female identities in translated literature are different,which own unique features.展开更多
There is a big problem in understanding long sentences which are complex and complicated in English for many people.The desire seems obvious that people have difficulties using a complete sentence. So this paper is to...There is a big problem in understanding long sentences which are complex and complicated in English for many people.The desire seems obvious that people have difficulties using a complete sentence. So this paper is to solve the problems mentionedby developing sentence sense and a chart with much help.展开更多
"Qi" (spirit) is originally an ancient Chinese philosophical term regarded as the fundamental material to constitute the universe. Later, it's used as a term in literary criticism referring to the authors' talen..."Qi" (spirit) is originally an ancient Chinese philosophical term regarded as the fundamental material to constitute the universe. Later, it's used as a term in literary criticism referring to the authors' talent, qualities, and their work styles. Poetry, as a language form concentrating thoughts and feelings, is the best form reflecting the various changes of"Qi" (spirit). "Qi" (spirit) combines the style, imagery and charm of a poem in a union, translation of the poem should be close to such a combination. Translation of"Qi" (spirit) is a pursuit of translating poetry which is based on translation of sense and image, but it may focus more on the wording technique with a wide insight on the original poem including the meaning and the tone of the poem and the author's thoughts and feelings, focusing on an overall effect of appreciation.展开更多
文摘Recently, ontological study has been one of the key concerns of geographic information science, a number of studies have been conducted in both of philosophical and knowledge engineering approach. Some studies pointed out the importance of human cognition and social context for development of ontologies. This paper presents empirical investigation of common sense of land use categories for development of suitable ontologies for each cultural or speech communities. Distinctions and characteristics in perceiving land use categories were described by a psychological method that was submitted to Japanese graduate and undergraduate students. In addition the results were analyzed using corresponddence analysis, a statistical technique for categorical data. This analysis serves to clarify the dominant determining factors for land use categories.
基金This study was supported by the Humanities and Social Sciences Project of the Ministry of Education(No.23YJA790070)the Graduate Innovation Research Project of Southwest Minzu University(No.YB2022621)the Research Project of BCIMY(No.BCIMY1910).
文摘Establishing a sense of ritual within tourism consumption scenarios offers tourists the opportunity for interactive engagement.Drawing upon the value co-creation theory,this study constructed an influence mechanism model to examine tourists'active engagement in the process of co-creating tourism experience values.It employed Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling(PLS-SEM)to empirically test the proposed hypotheses.The findings demonstrate that the model constructed in the present study exhibits robust reliability,validity,and explanatory power.The perception of the sense of ritual in tourism exerts a significant positive influence on tourists’co-creation of tourism experience values,thereby significantly enhancing both the communitas and flow experienced by tourists during their travels.Moreover,such communitas and flow can mediate the influence of the sense of ritual in tourism on tourists’co-creation of tourism experience values.This study contributes to advancing the current research on tourists’co-creation of tourism experience values and the sense of ritual in tourism,thereby providing theoretical foundations for cultivating a sense of ritual within tourism consumption scenarios.
文摘Climate science deals with the harsh reality of 174,000 terawatt of solar energy striking Earth’s surface&air,minus 29 percent albedo.The exposure is sustained by the planet cooling itself by means of EM radiation emitted to outer space of a like amount of energy in the infrared range.The balance may not be perfect at all times,but miraculously we are still around&attempting to comprehend the physical processes involved in keeping the planet’s surface suitable to sustain biological life&human civilization.While ground temperature is maintained at a pleasant avg 288 kelvin=15℃by the atmospheric greenhouse effect,a surprising 255 kelvin satisfies the demand for radiative cooling.This just happens to be standard air temperature at 5,000 m altitude.Official climate science largely is concerned with models&has assigned a major role to carbon molecules in air.As these exist currently only at mere trace levels,they are widely considered to be irrelevant for climate in view of the Mass-Action Law that implies that trace components can have only trace effects.Denying this simple fact,familiar to meteorologists,unfortunately has led to much of the civilized public being misled by climate scientists.One of the themes among their rhetoric is calling for renewable energy sources,when in reality unlimited amounts of hydrogen&hydrocarbons are dissolved in the Earth’s mantle,going back to the primitive solar nebula that gave rise to our solar system,&available for human consumption through fracking.Here in this philosophical essay,we are offering simple empirical proofs,examples from everday life,as opposed to the largely theoretical modeling work of climate science,for the fact that atmospheric carbon molecules can have only trace effects on radiative planetary cooling,proofs that are easy to verify.We dispute unrealistic estimates of important effects on climate from carbon dioxide trace gas via an atmospheric feedback mechanism proposed by some climate scientists.The essay demonstrates that atmospheric carbon molecules are irrelevant for climate at this epoch.Humanity is not facing a carbon climate crisis,currently.
文摘One of the study objectives of global change is land use/cover change (LUCC) by using multiscale remotely sensed data on global and regional scale. In this paper, field sample, digital camera, Landsat-ETM+ (ETM+, Enhanced Thematic Mapper) image and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/the advanced very high resolution radiometer (NOAA/AVHRR) image were integrated to detect, simulate and analyze the vegetation fractional coverage of typical steppe in northern China. The results show: (1) Vegetation fractional coverage measured by digital camera is more precise than results measured by other methods. It can be used to validate other measuring results. (2) Vegetation fractional coverage measured by 1 m 2 field sample change fluctuantly for different observers and for different sample areas. In this experiment, the coverage is generally high compared with the result measured by digital camera, and the average absolute error is 9.92%, but two groups measure results, correlation coefficient r(2) = 0.89. (3) Three kinds of methods using remotely sensed data were adopted to simulate the vegetation fractional coverage. Average absolute errors of the vegetation fractional coverage, measured by ETM+ and NOAA, are respectively 7.03% and 7.83% compared with the result measured by digital camera. When NOAA pixel was decomposed by ETM+ pixels after geometrical registry, the average absolute errors measured by this method is 5.68% compared with the digital camera result. Correction coefficients of three results with digital camera result r(2) are respectively 0.78, 0.61 and 0.76. (4) The result of statistic model established by NOAA-NDVI (NDVI, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) and the vegetation fractional coverage measured by digital camera show lower precision (r(2) = 0.65) than the result of statistic model established by ETM+-NDVI and digital camera coverage then converted to NOAA image (r(2) = 0.80). Pixel decomposability method improves the precision of measuring the vegetation fractional coverage on a large scale. This is a significant practice on scaling by using remotely sensed data. Integrated application of multi-scale remotely sensed data in earth observation will be an important approach to promoting measuring precision of ecological parameters.
文摘Don DeLillo is one of the post-modernist novelists with most important position in America.His work White Noise is the most classic art of post-modernist literature in America,which hit great commercial successes and deserved universal atten tion in the field of criticism immediately after its publication.This paper is trying to analyze the functions of mass media in White Noise,discuss the double dominations of mass media on psychological world and sense instinct through analyze the effects of mass media on psychology,action and values of modern people,and then pay attention to the role of mass media in post-modernist so ciety.Then all of these may provide some implications to work and life of modern people who depend on mass media overly.
文摘In the formation of native sense,many factors play important roles,such as native culture,literature,and social circumstances and so on.This thesis focuses on the construction of female identities and their importance in the formation of native sense.Due to their different cultural backgrounds and cultural identities,the constructions of female identities in translated literature are different,which own unique features.
文摘There is a big problem in understanding long sentences which are complex and complicated in English for many people.The desire seems obvious that people have difficulties using a complete sentence. So this paper is to solve the problems mentionedby developing sentence sense and a chart with much help.
文摘"Qi" (spirit) is originally an ancient Chinese philosophical term regarded as the fundamental material to constitute the universe. Later, it's used as a term in literary criticism referring to the authors' talent, qualities, and their work styles. Poetry, as a language form concentrating thoughts and feelings, is the best form reflecting the various changes of"Qi" (spirit). "Qi" (spirit) combines the style, imagery and charm of a poem in a union, translation of the poem should be close to such a combination. Translation of"Qi" (spirit) is a pursuit of translating poetry which is based on translation of sense and image, but it may focus more on the wording technique with a wide insight on the original poem including the meaning and the tone of the poem and the author's thoughts and feelings, focusing on an overall effect of appreciation.