Construction of Urban Space in Shengming Kangyuan Area of Liyang Based on Fengshui Theory

Under the background of stereotyped urban planning and construction and the pursuit of high land value,it is particularly important to explore the application of urban environmental characteristics in urban design and highlight the integration of local characteristics and people’s life.In this paper,based on the origin of Fengshui theory and the planning points of an ideal Fengshui pattern,the planning and design of Shengming Kangyuan Area in Liyang were studied to explore the positive influence of Fengshui theory in the construction of urban space,and some planning suggestions were put forward to improve the urban environment and achieve harmony and unity between man and the natural environment.

邵阳北塔建筑的营建特征与价值探析

风水塔是我国明清时期盛行的一种具有特定功能和特殊文化内涵的传统建筑类型。湖南邵阳北塔作为明清时期的风水塔,在建筑形制、选址、环境布局等方面均具有代表性和地域特色。在系统梳理邵阳北塔本体及环境要素基础上,分析其在建筑营建、风水选址、山水城空间环境处理等方面的特点。结合北塔所处时空背景的风水营建传统、地域历史人文,发掘文化遗产价值,为价值阐释、文脉传承提供依据,为明清风水塔研究提供参考。

民国时期五邑侨乡丧葬习俗革新探析

民国时期五邑侨乡社会针对以往丧葬习俗中的迷信色彩浓厚、坟山纠纷激烈、停棺久丧厚葬等陋习,积极进行丧葬习俗革新。移风易俗举措包括批判旧式丧礼、破除丧葬风水迷信以及建立新式公墓、义坟等,使五邑侨乡逐步形成具有现代特征的新式丧葬习俗,有助于建设文明进步的侨乡社会风气。

Origin of Fengshui Woods and Its Enlightenment to Modern Society

Origin of Fengshui Woods was studied, 3 representative standpoints (Fengshui doctrines, greening and worship of the god of land) about Fengshui woods were analyzed, and worship of the god of land was believed as a reasonable origin view through considering natural and social factors of ancient China, as well as universal mental characteristics of people in the prescience age. To identify advantages and disadvantages of these 3 views, Carl G. Jung' theory of mythological prototype criticism and Sir James George Frazer's anthropological study were borrowed to prove that Fengshui Woods originated from ancient Chinese worship of the god of land, and such worship gradually evolved into practices of planting Fengshui Woods for their propitious signs. On this basis, enlightenment of Fengshui Woods to modern society was disclosed to protect present Fengshui Woods and forest resources.

Application of Fengshui Doctrines in Landscape Architecture Design

Proceeding from the concept of Fengshui, the author focused on the influence of Fengshui on construction activities in ancient China, and proposed that Fengshui has impacted not only site selection and layout of ancient cities, towns, villages, palaces and residences, but also site selection and layout of classical Chinese gardens. On this basis, application of Fengshui in modern landscape architecture design was explored, and the harmony between garden planning and environment factors was stressed, and also psychological factors of human beings emphasized. In this way, the doctrine of "human-nature oneness" was demonstrated, spirit of place and actual conditions of the planning site respected, and propitious culture manifested.

On Fengshui and Rockery and Water Layout

Definition of Fengshui and the theories of selecting mountain and water environment in Fengshui were elaborated. Theories about mountain-water relationship were expounded from the perspective of piling of rockeries and layout of water, a residential area in Hefei City, Beijing Olympics Park, Hangzhou Prince Bay Park, mineral pit of Shanghai Chenshan Botanic Garden, Beijing Beihai Park, Shanghai Changfeng Park were taken for example to demonstrate the influence of traditional rockery and mountain layout in Fengshui on modern landscape design.

Fengshui Theory in Environmental Management of Qingyun Temple in Yuyang District

Fengshui, one of the important factors in the layout of Chinese traditional buildings, runs through activities related to traditional Chinese architecture. In order to better interpret and reflect the relationship between traditional buildings and the surrounding natural environment, Fengshui theory is moderately applied when it comes to an environmental improvement project, so as to make the whole design more unified and the sub-design more sound. Therefore, buildings are more coordinated with the overall environment, and the essence of "culture of harmoniousness" of Chinese traditional architecture is reflected.

建筑遗产中的生态智慧——以白鹿洞书院建筑群的风环境为例

在中国古代建筑设计中,风水布局以其丰富的生态智慧而被广泛应用于建筑群的总体布局。以具有典型龙虎砂风水布局的江西白鹿洞书院建筑群为研究对象,探究了风水对建筑通风的积极影响。通过对比研究法,提出了一种异化风水特征的环境布局,并利用计算流体力学(CFD)模拟庭院风环境,分析两种布局的庭院通风情况。结果显示,采用风水布局的院落相比异化布局,舒适风速的区间面积占比更高。夏季,采用风水布局的主要房屋前后风压差优于异化布局,有助于室内通风。冬季,风水布局有利于减弱建筑群庭院内风速及风压,从而防止冬季寒冷空气的渗入。验证了风水布局改善庭院风环境的实际效果,对提升建筑群整体物理环境具有显著意义,为低碳背景下的建筑遗产微气候环境研究提供了理论依据和技术支持。

Is Fengshui Science or Superstition？ A New Criterion for Judging the Value of Knowledge Systems

Fengshui, which can be translated as Wind-Water literally in English, is an ancient Chinese system of laws considered to govern spatial arrangement and orientation in relation to the flow of Qi, and whose favorable or unfavorable effects are taken into account when sitting and designing buildings. Similar systems exist in many other cultures such as Vastu Shastra in India, which consists of precepts born out of a traditional and archaic view on how the laws of nature affect human dwellings. Although prospered in ancient society, modem reactions to Fengshui are mixed. The Skeptic Encyclopedia of Pseudoscience states that principles of Fengshui are quite rational, but folk remedies and superstitions have been incorporated into its eclectic mix. In this paper, we do not distinguish Fengshui and other similar systems between science and superstition, but try to propose a criterion for judging whether a knowledge system is valuable, and if so, to whom it is valuable. We will end up arguing that, a knowledge system satisfying the criterion of relatively true property is valuable at least to its community of believers, and the problem of whether a knowledge system has greater value is essentially a problem of whether it is relatable to other knowledge systems, so as to expand its community of believers

麻黄拆分组分对风水水肿大鼠的干预机制研究

目的:探讨麻黄拆分组分干预风水水肿模型大鼠的作用机制。方法:随机选择60只雄性SD大鼠通过尾静脉注射阿霉素结合吹风刺激建立风水水肿模型,当大鼠出现四肢浮肿、恶风、弓背、毛松、尿量减少等症状即为造模成功,将造模成功的大鼠随机分为模型组、通宣理肺丸(4326 mg/kg)组、麻黄水煎液(4670 mg/kg)组及麻黄各拆分组分组:生物碱(51.48 mg/kg)组、非生物碱(215.28 mg/kg)组、多糖(276.12 mg/kg)组。连续灌胃干预21 d,正常对照组和模型组给予等体积蒸馏水。给药结束后,观察大鼠基础特征;试剂盒检测大鼠血清CRE、BUN水平;Flow sight检测大鼠肾组织中ROS及细胞凋亡、自噬水平;免疫荧光检测大鼠肾小管中自噬相关蛋白表达;Western Blot检测大鼠肾组织中凋亡、炎症及自噬相关蛋白表达;电镜观察大鼠肾组织中足细胞的超微结构。结果:麻黄生物碱和多糖组分可改善风水水肿大鼠四肢浮肿、恶风、弓背、毛松等症状,显著降低风水水肿大鼠血清CRE、BUN及肾脏ROS水平和肾组织细胞的凋亡、自噬,抑制ERK、PI3K、AKT、mTOR磷酸化,调节凋亡、炎症、自噬相关蛋白表达,麻黄生物碱组分可显著改善风水水肿模型大鼠肾小球基底膜增厚,足突增宽、弥漫性融合及自噬体增多的现象。结论:麻黄生物碱组分和多糖组分可能通过阻断氧化应激抑制ERK-NLRP3炎性小体,抑制细胞凋亡,并通过激活PI3K/mTOR信号转导抑制肾脏细胞自噬,进而改善风水水肿模型大鼠的肾脏病理损伤。

基于文化传承的岭南乡村风水塘活态更新——以南村爱莲塘公园为例

风水塘是岭南地区乡村常见的特色乡土文化景观,蕴藏了乡村丰富的文化内涵。在新时代,留住乡愁、让岭南特色文化“活起来”成为乡村风水塘景观更新重点。对岭南乡村风水塘的物质文化、宗族文化和精神文化进行分析,提出利于乡土文化保护、传承和发展的活态更新策略,即环境风貌提升、适应人居需求和活力特色运营。并以南村爱莲塘公园为研究案例,剖析其文化特质,通过保护传统文化相关对象及提升整体风貌,满足人居需求并塑造复合空间,构建文化活力链和开展多样运营活动等活态更新措施,进行岭南乡村风水塘更新,实现文化传承。

村落风水林助力山地乡村生物多样性保护--以金钱松为例

金钱松是中国最具国际影响力的古老孑遗植物之一,其面临生境破碎化、种群分散以及个体数量减少的种种威胁。幸运的是,已有研究指出村落风水林为金钱松自然种群提供了庇护,然而,村落风水林到底如何发挥保护效用,尚待深入探索。因此,该研究通过野外调查和社区访谈的方法对所有金钱松自然种群的更新现状、保护行为和干扰程度进行全面调查,并以林家塘村金钱松自然种群为例揭示金钱松村落风水林保护和管理模式。结果表明:(1)相较于其他生境类型,村落风水林生境中金钱松自然种群径级结构连续,幼苗密度较高;(2)水口林、墓地林和阳基树承载的风水与禁忌文化是村落风水林能够有效保护金钱松自然种群的内在原因;(3)新时代乡村旅游业的发展进一步促进了村民对金钱松村落风水林的保护。综上所述,在乡村振兴背景下,基于风水和禁忌文化的村落风水林保护和管理模式是金钱松自然种群保护的绝佳模式。

明清安徽风水塔时空分布与选址特征研究

风水塔的营建通常受自然环境和社会经济、文化等多重因素影响。以明清安徽风水塔为研究样本,在文献资料整理和实地调研的基础上,结合基础地理信息数据,利用ArcGIS技术绘制风水塔空间环境特征图谱并进行分析,可以一定程度地解读风水塔的营建、分布与演进规律。研究结果表明:安徽风水塔在明代和清代共出现两次营建高峰;在空间分布上可分为高、中、低3个密度区,其中,高密度区集中在黄山市和宣城市的泾县、旌德县范围内;进一步结合地理空间数据进行分析,可对安徽风水塔的典型选址特征进行分类。

广东省雷州半岛风水林斑块的植物多样性

【目的】以雷州半岛的10个风水林为研究对象,系统分析风水林群落的植物多样性,探讨风水林森林斑块面积对物种存留的贡献与影响。【方法】每个风水林建立1个40 m×40 m的样地,分析群落α多样性、β多样性和森林斑块面积对风水林植物多样性的影响。【结果】1)雷州半岛10个风水林中保存着190种植物。乔木层与草本层均由1个或若干优势种与较多的稀有种组成;且均以出现频次为1的物种丰富度比例最高,分别占其物种总丰富度的39.26%与48.48%。2)乔木层与草本层种的Jaccard相似性指数均值仅为31.29%与15.46%,Bray-Curtis相似性指数均值仅为25.62%与11.38%;乔木层与草本层间的物种Jaccard相似性指数与Bray-Curtis相似性指数仅为22.77%与12.12%。3)风水林斑块面积与风水林植物多样性保存水平无显著相关关系,且森林斑块面积对风水林植物乔木层与草本层植物多样性组成的影响相对较小。【结论】虽然雷州半岛风水林保存着丰富的植物,且风水林森林斑块面积大小对其多样性的影响相对较小,但因风水林呈现破碎化,林内大部分植物种类为稀有种,仅有部分种子转化为幼苗,群落的稳定性与抗干扰性相对较弱。

文昌地区风水林5个优势树种叶片化学成分含量分析

为了解文昌地区风水林植物生长情况,取乔木层5个主要优势树种作为研究对象,采用常规化学测定法,对相同条件下5个优势树种叶片N、P、K、Mg和Ca含量进行了测定,并分析了其相关性。结果表明:叶片N含量平均值为(14.68±2.01)g/kg、P含量平均值为(1.09±0.67)g/kg、K含量平均值为(6.97±2.37)g/kg、Mg含量平均值为(2.61±0.79)g/kg、Ca含量平均值为(8.61±2.53)g/kg,其中叶片N含量种间变异系数不大,而其他4个元素指标均为中等变异;5个优势树种叶片N、P、K、Ca、Mg含量存在差异,未表现出规律的变化趋势,N、K、Mg含量均以幌伞枫最高(其中幌伞枫叶片K、Mg含量显著高于其他树种),P含量以琼崖海棠和幌伞枫较高,Ca含量为岭南山竹子显著高于其他树种。叶片N、P、K、Mg、Ca含量之间存在不同程度的相关关系,其中:叶片N含量与K、Mg、Ca含量之间极显著正相关(P<0.01),相关系数分别为0.408、0.412、0.351;叶片K含量和Mg含量之间存在极显著正相关关系(P<0.01),相关系数为0.380。

先秦传世文献堪舆思想考

堪舆是诞生于中国本土的特殊文化样本,与中国古代哲学史源流同步。先秦诸子时代传世文献,既富含堪舆的思想素材,也代表着先秦初民对天人关系的基本认知。文章以先秦传世文献文本为考察对象,系统探讨先秦堪舆说的哲学观和方法论,在充分批判其认知立场的基础上,将先秦堪舆思想纳入到先秦思想史系统中,寻求其在中国古代思想发展史中的地位和作用,并审视先秦堪舆思想对当前文化自信建设的意义与价值。

对选煤厂部分环节设计问题的看法

论术了选煤厂设计中常见的细节问题,如风水管路设计不足、末矸石脱介去留问题、分配刮板设计不完善、浓缩机事故池处理能力不足、药剂库容量不足、带式输送机运输系统细节设计不足等,针对这些问题,提出了相应的解决措施,以期实现选煤厂设计与现场实际条件的进一步契合。

基于GIS的湖南风水塔时空分布规律研究

风水塔是塔与风水学结合形成的建筑形式,流行于风水学盛行的南方地区,渐成为地方景观的关键节点。选取湖南省45座省级文物保护单位中的风水塔作为研究案例,基于GIS分布方向与平均中心、高程分析、水系分析等方法,从时间和空间两个角度进行探讨。研究结果表明,湖南风水塔就时间分布而言,在清中蓬勃发展时期最多共27座;就空间分布而言,高程100 m以下最多共25座、坡度0°~5°最多共35座。结果发现,湖南风水塔在时间分布和空间分布上都存在明显的规律。这些规律为湖南建筑文化遗产的保护和传承提供了理论依据,具有一定的参考价值,期望能补充湖南地区风水塔研究的数据库,为湖南地方城市的景观建设作出些许贡献。

人为干扰对风水林群落林下木本植物组成和多样性的影响

华南地区的风水林是乡村聚落的一种特色林分,具有守护村庄的象征意义。在过去的数百年中,风水林在乡村的社会文化习俗的影响下而受到保护,对当地的生物多样性保育有着重要作用。为揭示人为干扰对风水林的影响,我们选择广东省东莞市大岭山镇同一林分起源的3个具有相似地形的风水林,研究了在不同干扰强度下其林下木本植物种类组成和物种多样性。多响应置换过程(multi-response permutation procedures,MRPP)分析表明,人为干扰显著改变了风水林林下木本植物组成(P=0.001,A=0.3886),沿着干扰由弱至强的梯度呈现出中生性植物减少、阳生性植物递增的趋势。多样性指数变化趋势为重度干扰>中度干扰>轻度干扰,但没有表现出统计学意义上的差异(P>0.05)。随着干扰强度的增大,3个风水林群落相互间的林下物种相似性降低,物种替代率呈增加趋势。双向聚类分析较好地反映出林下物种因受不同人为干扰强度影响而表现出在空间分布上的差异。指示种分析进一步确定了不同干扰强度下具有显著指示值(IV≥60)的指示种。综合分析表明,人为干扰有利于阳性物种在风水林内定居生长,并明显地改变了林下木本植物组成,但未能引起物种多样性的显著差异。此外,找出对人为干扰产生关键生态响应的林下指示种,对增进风水林的生物多样性保育以及生态系统管理有着重要的理论意义和实践价值。

喷施芳香植物源营养液对梨树生长、果实品质及病害的影响

芳香植物源营养液是以芳香植物材料、糖、酵素、水为主要原料,在设定的条件下发酵而成的植物源发酵液,具有营养、杀虫和抑菌等效果。不同芳香植物种类和器官,其发酵液的应用效果不同。为探讨芳香植物源营养液对梨树生长、果实品质、抗病性的影响,选择20年生‘丰水梨/杜梨’成年期大树为试材,以叶面喷施孔雀草(Tr1)、紫苏(Tr2)、神香草(Tr3)、薄荷(Tr4)、香矢车菊(Tr5)等芳香植物叶片制成的营养液及其等配比混合的发酵营养液(Tr6)为处理,喷施南国春叶面肥(Tr7)和清水(Tr8)为对照,测定分析不同处理对梨树生长、叶片矿质养分含量、果实品质的影响及对黑星病、轮纹病、腐烂病的抑菌效果。结果表明:与南国春叶面肥相比,芳香植物源营养液营养成分比例均匀,具有较高的P、Ca、Mg含量、可溶性糖含量、生长素和细胞分裂素含量。叶面喷施芳香植物源营养液能显著促进梨树新梢生长,提高叶面积和叶绿素含量;改善叶片中全氮,全磷,全钾及有效态钙、镁、铁、锰、铜、锌等矿质元素的吸收状况和含量;提高单果重、果实可溶性固形物含量及Vc含量;对梨树黑星病、梨树轮纹病、梨树腐烂病具有显著地抑制效果。其中,神香草营养液(Tr3)和薄荷营养液(Tr4)显著的提高了叶片中各矿质养分的含量;神香草营养液(Tr3)显著的提高了新梢生长量(增幅为64.78%)和叶面积(增幅为115.79%),对于梨树生长发育的促进作用较明显;薄荷营养液(Tr4)较大程度的提高了单果重(增幅为52.74%),果实可溶性固形物的含量(增幅为32.92%),降低了果实硬度(降幅为45.21%),对于果实品质的提高效果较好;孔雀草营养液(Tr1)、薄荷营养液(Tr4)对梨树黑星病,轮纹病,腐烂病的抑制作用显著增强。综合分析认为,芳香植物源营养液含有丰富的矿质元素,有机营养及生长素、细胞分裂素,脱落酸等激素。叶面喷施能显著促进树体的营养生长,提高叶片矿质养分含量,改善果实品质,有效抑制梨树黑星病、轮纹病、腐烂病害的发生。