Build neural network models to identify and correct news headlines exaggerating obesity-related scientific findings

Purpose:Media exaggerations of health research may confuse readers’understanding,erode public trust in science and medicine,and cause disease mismanagement.This study built artificial intelligence(AI)models to automatically identify and correct news headlines exaggerating obesity-related research findings.Design/methodology/approach:We searched popular digital media outlets to collect 523 headlines exaggerating obesity-related research findings.The reasons for exaggerations include:inferring causality from observational studies,inferring human outcomes from animal research,inferring distant/end outcomes(e.g.,obesity)from immediate/intermediate outcomes(e.g.,calorie intake),and generalizing findings to the population from a subgroup or convenience sample.Each headline was paired with the title and abstract of the peer-reviewed journal publication covered by the news article.We drafted an exaggeration-free counterpart for each original headline and fined-tuned a BERT model to differentiate between them.We further fine-tuned three generative language models-BART,PEGASUS,and T5 to autogenerate exaggeration-free headlines based on a journal publication’s title and abstract.Model performance was evaluated using the ROUGE metrics by comparing model-generated headlines with journal publication titles.Findings:The fine-tuned BERT model achieved 92.5%accuracy in differentiating between exaggeration-free and original headlines.Baseline ROUGE scores averaged 0.311 for ROUGE-1,0.113 for ROUGE-2,0.253 for ROUGE-L,and 0.253 ROUGE-Lsum.PEGASUS,T5,and BART all outperformed the baseline.The best-performing BART model attained 0.447 for ROUGE-1,0.221 for ROUGE-2,0.402 for ROUGE-L,and 0.402 for ROUGE-Lsum.Originality/value:This study demonstrated the feasibility of leveraging AI to automatically identify and correct news headlines exaggerating obesity-related research findings.

Exploring the Path of Party Building Leading League Construction in Colleges and Universities under the Pattern of Great Ideological and Political Education

In accordance with the pattern of"great ideology and politics",the Party and youth League organizations assume the role of vanguard in the organization of colleges and universities.Simultaneously,they serve as a pivotal force in ideological and political education.In order to construct a comprehensive ideological and political framework encompassing the entire educational process,it is of paramount importance to identify an efficacious methodology for Party building leading League construction.This paper employs a comprehensive analysis to elucidate the pivotal role of Party building leading League construction in facilitating ideological and political education.It also illuminates the practical challenges encountered in the implementation of Party building leading League construction initiatives within colleges and universities.The article proposes a specific path for Party building leading League construction in colleges and universities based on three key aspects:cohesion of the consensus of Party building leading League building,establishment of the institutional system of Party building leading League construction,and creation of the model brand of Party building leading League construction.The aim is to promote in-depth development of Party building in colleges and universities and enhance the quality and effect of ideological and political education.

The Historic Achievements of the Communist Party of China in Respecting and Protecting Human Rights in the New Era

In the new era,the Communist Party of China(CPC)has made historic achievements in respecting and protecting human rights.Building upon the principle of the“two integrations”(integrating the basic tenets of Marxism with China’s specific realities and fine traditional culture),it has nurtured new theories on respecting and protecting human rights in the new era,which can address the fundamental questions of whom and what the human rights protection efforts in the new era are for.Guided by the principle of“taking our own path,”it has charted a distinct course for the development of human rights,diverging from the Western approach.The CPC has maintained the unity between Party leadership and the respect for and protection of human rights,promoting progress in human rights through the pursuit of“high-quality development,”and ensuring various fundamental rights of the people through the rule of law.Building upon the past experience,the CPC has established the“source”of the institutional framework for respecting and protecting human rights in the new era,crafted the“body”of this institutional framework,and introduced its practical“application.”In promoting the comprehensive advancement of human rights protection,the CPC has facilitated the connotative development of human rights protection in China,empowering China in international human rights discourse,and contributing Chinese strength and wisdom to global human rights governance.

Research on the Path of Integrating Party Construction Aesthetics into Ideological and Political Education in Colleges and Universities

Party construction aesthetics is a valuable aesthetic resource formed in the practical exploration of rural revitalization,and it has logical compatibility with ideological and political education in terms of concepts,goals,tasks,etc.At present,comprehensive deepening reform has entered a deep-water zone,and some erroneous value orientations such as utilitarianism,emptiness,and liberalization are common in colleges and universities,and ideological and political education is caught in a new round of difficulties.As the main position of ideological and political education,colleges and universities should further use party construction aesthetics to strengthen and improve ideological and political education,adhere to the carrier of aesthetic education,carry out diversified integrated education,broaden the ideological and political practical teaching system,build a long-term mechanism for collaborative education of ideological and political education and party construction aesthetics,and fully integrate party construction aesthetics into ideological and political education in colleges and universities.

Features of English News Headlines

Nowadays Chinese people are attaching great importance to English news that not only offers worldwide information but gives a hand to English learners with their improvement in English.As is called the eyes of English news,headlines are partic ularly important.Generally speaking,English news headlines are precise,brief and as attractive as possible.They have their own grammar features and vocabulary features while different devices are employed to make them expressive and striking.

复合图书馆原型——HeadLine

复合图书馆是近几年出现的一个新概念。HeadLine是一个复合图书馆原型,本文对其进行了简单介绍。

Analysis of Ambiguity in Newspaper Headlines from a Cognitive Perspective

Ambiguity in newspaper headlines have been studied by many people, which mostly focuses upon the traditional linguistics perspective: lexical, grammatical and syntactical. In this paper, the author intends to study the ambiguity in newspaper headlines from the cognitive perspective in order to find how people perceive the ambiguous headlines. To support the analysis, many examples of ambiguous headlines are collected to investigate into way people perceive them. Finally, the author concluded that in the cognitive perspective, people are prone to accept one of the two or more interpretations about the ambiguous headlines according to the following factors: their back ground knowledge, the common sense, the social-cultural environment as well as their personal altitudes, which are drawn upon from the image schema theory.

An Analysis of Lexical Features of English News Headlines and Their Translation Skills

A headline is an inseparable component of news, which serves the role of eyes. So wring a brief, accurate and eye-catching headline is very important. With plenty of practical examples given, the paper discusses lexical features of English news headlines through different aspects, including the use of nouns and midget words, vogue words, derivatives, nonce words, loans and so on. It also introduces some translating strategies according to their distinctive lexical characteristics.

Study on Translation of English Financial News Headlines from the Perspective of Pragmatics

English financial news headlines are distinguished from other types of titles for its distinctive characteristics.Besidesthat,when it comes to the problem of different thinking modes,the core of the translation is to keep the pragmatic equivalence forthe sake of achieving effective communications in cross-cultural background.Based on analysis of the features of English financialnews headlines,this paper aims at searching for better translation strategies for these from the perspective of pragmatics.

Analysis on Features of News Headlines Translation

This paper is holding the purpose of summing up the theories and methods based on many examples which demonstrate principles,features and technique skills in news headline translation.We know that the translation of news headlines which is considered as the eyes and window of news appears very essential as many people do not have enough time to read the whole text from beginning to the end.They tend to browse headlines at first and then pick up the news in which the headline attracts them.From the paper,we can draw a conclusion that English news headline translation is not an easy task,and we need more study and practice to make it better and do our utmost to help Chinese readers when they are reading English newspapers or magazines.

A Study of Rhetorical Features of English News Headlines

As is known to all,headlines serve as a summary and advertisement for the main idea of the news so as to make the reader have a better understanding.Therefore,to some degree,we can say that the headline is the soul of a news report.Rhetoric,in all kinds of writing in all kinds of languages,can be applied and make an efficient effect.As for an English news headline,it is usually formed with certain rhetorical device to embody its soul and to appeal to more readers.This paper is to introduce and discuss the rhetorical features of the news headlines with examples and analysis.

A Study of Stylistic Features of English News Headlines

From different aspects we can draw out different characteristics of news headlines. According to various study and research from different authors, we can conclude their characteristics are displayed on syntactical level, punctuation level, lexical level, rhetorical level and cultural level.

An Analysis of English News Headlines

A headline is an indispensable component of a news report and is the eye of the pages on the newspapers,through which the readers can gain as much information as possible in the newspaper within the shortest time and search for clues to stories that interest them,as the headline is the condensation of the whole story.Despite their own characteristic ways of editing headlines,English newspapers share something in common,namely brevity,accuracy,clarity and eye-catchingness.However,these features unique to English newspaper headlines constitute a big barrier to readers' understanding of the headlines and they may become quite at loss when reading headlines at the very beginning.This thesis aims to make an analysis of English news headlines in terms of their features at structural,lexical and rhetorical levels and hopes to help readers understand English news headline better.

Roman Urdu News Headline Classification Empowered with Machine Learning

Roman Urdu has been used for text messaging over the Internet for years especially in Indo-Pak Subcontinent.Persons from the subcontinent may speak the same Urdu language but they might be using different scripts for writing.The communication using the Roman characters,which are used in the script of Urdu language on social media,is now considered the most typical standard of communication in an Indian landmass that makes it an expensive information supply.English Text classification is a solved problem but there have been only a few efforts to examine the rich information supply of Roman Urdu in the past.This is due to the numerous complexities involved in the processing of Roman Urdu data.The complexities associated with Roman Urdu include the non-availability of the tagged corpus,lack of a set of rules,and lack of standardized spellings.A large amount of Roman Urdu news data is available on mainstream news websites and social media websites like Facebook,Twitter but meaningful information can only be extracted if data is in a structured format.We have developed a Roman Urdu news headline classifier,which will help to classify news into relevant categories on which further analysis and modeling can be done.The author of this research aims to develop the Roman Urdu news classifier,which will classify the news into five categories(health,business,technology,sports,international).First,we will develop the news dataset using scraping tools and then after preprocessing,we will compare the results of different machine learning algorithms like Logistic Regression(LR),Multinomial Naïve Bayes(MNB),Long short term memory(LSTM),and Convolutional Neural Network(CNN).After this,we will use a phonetic algorithm to control lexical variation and test news from different websites.The preliminary results suggest that a more accurate classification can be accomplished by monitoring noise inside data and by classifying the news.After applying above mentioned different machine learning algorithms,results have shown that Multinomial Naïve Bayes classifier is giving the best accuracy of 90.17%which is due to the noise lexical variation.

A Study on the Ambiguity in English News Headlines from the Perspective of Cooperative Principle

In recent years,some news headlines do not focus on the contents of news,but exaggerate the fact.The main reason for this phenomenon is that the news editors disobey Cooperative Principle.As a result,it causes two different effects:one is negative;the other is positive.So the paper will find out the reasons of the ambiguity by using examples appearing in different newspapers and give a detailed analysis from the perspective of Cooperative Principle.

A Cognitive Study on Conceptual Metaphors in English News Headlines

The headline plays an important role in news report, which is a guide for readers to have a quick understanding the information of news. The headline is the"eye"of the news and it often has a lot of metaphors. The traditional theory of metaphor holds that as a rhetorical means, metaphor is mainly employed in literary works, while the theory of cognitive metaphor holds that metaphor is pervasive in our thought, action and language. The paper will discuss and analyze the characteristics of metaphors in headlines by analyzing a large number of English news examples. From the perspective of cognitive linguistics, this paper attempts to help readers to better understand the use of metaphors in headlines.

Theme-rheme Analysis of English News Headlines

As a special type of writing,news report has attracted more and more attention in different countries.Many people have developed an interest in reading English news,which provides them with timely information about important happenings around the world.Under the frame work of Systemic-Functional Grammar,based on English news headlines,the theme-rheme structure of English headlines is systemically analyzed in this thesis.Some detailed researches are made to investigate the influence of the Theme-rheme Structure in English news headlines.Then the news headline as well as its contents could be understood and enjoyed while reading newspaper.

How Does Headlines Capture Readers——An Analysis of Characteristics of English News Report Headlines

Since the emergence of newspaper,the headline has been the necessity of a news report.The Newspaper headline which takes the crucial part in a news report has been given the responsibility to capture readers,especially in the environment of highly intense competition of this industry.Even with the application of high technology in the news industry,the significance of the headline is enormously strengthened rather than weakened.On the one hand,the mission of the headline determines its significance.And on the other,its characteristics help to achieve the responsibility.Therefore the particular language adopted in the headline,namely "headlinese",must contain certain features which could appeal readers' attention.This paper will focus on the characteristics of the English newspaper headline and find out how it captures readers.

The Application of Memetics to News Headline Translation

本文将从模因选择的视角说明新闻标题翻译的模因框架，并且试图在模因复制四阶段的基础上，运用Heylighen的选择标准作为评价标准，得出准确，清晰，吸引目标语读者的新闻标题。

Necessity of Applying Creative Translation Strategy to Business News Headlines’ Translation

本文使用案例分析的方法,对摘选自《商业周刊》及《商业周刊中国》的几个新闻标题进行了分析解剖,证实了许渊冲的创造性翻译策略同样适用于商业新闻的翻译中。使用创造性翻译策略可以更好地提高翻译质量也更能满足目标语读者的审美期待。