博士后对学术职业环境满意吗?——基于Nature全球博士后调查数据比较分析

本研究基于已有成果,将博士后学术职业环境划分为学术资源、职业保障、组织管理、科研强度四个维度。利用2020年Nature全球博士后教育调查数据,通过比较分析博士后对学术职业环境的感知与评价。研究发现,相比较国外发达国家博士后而言,我国接近四成博士后对学术职业环境感到满意。为了优化博士后学术职业环境,大学需强化对博士后科研资金的支持力度,保障博士后科研参与机会,减少非学术事务对博士后科研时间的挤占,规范导师指导;大学不断调适大学基层学术组织治理模式,优化院系对博士后学术职业发展的组织支持与服务质量;大学与博士后建立稳定性雇佣关系,不断提升工资薪酬水平,疏通博士后学术职业晋升渠道,营造良好的工作环境;高校实行服务型、便捷式的科研管理方式,制定灵活多元的学术评价机制,破除博士后对“学术GDP主义”的崇拜。

The Alienation of Nature in Emily Dickinson’s Poems through the Prism of Taoism

In the poems created by the renowned American poet Emily Dickinson,those related to nature constitute a considerable proportion.However,Dickinson’s attitude toward nature is,in fact,contradictory.On the one hand,Dickinson perceives nature as gentle and kind,akin to a mother.Nature is regarded as“heaven”and embodies harmony.On the other hand,nature possesses its own operational principles and harbors inherent cruelty.According to Dickinson,humans should refrain from excessive interference in the natural order.This article attempts to analyze the similarities in attitude towards nature between Dickinson’s poetry and Taoist philosophy.

Problems and Development Suggestions of Nature Education in Jiangxi Province

The forest coverage rate of Jiangxi Province ranks second in China.It has rich natural resources,a long history of ancient color culture and rich red culture.In the development of nature education,Jiangxi Province has great potential and advantages.This paper introduces the development conditions of nature education in Jiangxi Province,summarizes the problems existing in the development of nature education in Jiangxi Province from the aspects of the types of nature education and the construction of nature education base,such as simple content and single form,imperfect infrastructure and lack of professionals,and puts forward some suggestions on the development of nature education in Jiangxi Province.

Adaptive Network Sustainability and Defense Based on Artificial Bees Colony Optimization Algorithm for Nature Inspired Cyber Security

Cyber Defense is becoming a major issue for every organization to keep business continuity intact.The presented paper explores the effectiveness of a meta-heuristic optimization algorithm-Artificial Bees Colony Algorithm(ABC)as an Nature Inspired Cyber Security mechanism to achieve adaptive defense.It experiments on the Denial-Of-Service attack scenarios which involves limiting the traffic flow for each node.Businesses today have adapted their service distribution models to include the use of the Internet,allowing them to effectively manage and interact with their customer data.This shift has created an increased reliance on online services to store vast amounts of confidential customer data,meaning any disruption or outage of these services could be disastrous for the business,leaving them without the knowledge to serve their customers.Adversaries can exploit such an event to gain unauthorized access to the confidential data of the customers.The proposed algorithm utilizes an Adaptive Defense approach to continuously select nodes that could present characteristics of a probable malicious entity.For any changes in network parameters,the cluster of nodes is selected in the prepared solution set as a probable malicious node and the traffic rate with the ratio of packet delivery is managed with respect to the properties of normal nodes to deliver a disaster recovery plan for potential businesses.

《Nature》子刊:苏佳琪等开发基于牛奶的水凝胶,用作酒精中毒的解毒剂

近日,苏黎世联邦理工学院Raffaele Mezzenga、苏佳琪等人在《Nature》子刊《Nature Nanotechnology》上发表的一篇研究显示,该研究开发了一种口服的、基于牛奶蛋白的水凝胶——FeSA@FibBLG,或可作为急性酒精中毒的有效解毒剂,能够稳定耐受胃酸消化且持续显著降低酒精中毒小鼠血液中的酒精水平,同时避免额外积累有毒的乙醛,还可增强肝脏保护,并显著减轻肠道损伤和生态失调,强调了其作为酒精相关疾病的新疗法的潜力。

Nature’s Gift

NATURAL WONDERS IN CHINA AND AFRICA Qilian Mountains National Park Located in Northwest China’s Gansu and Qinghai provinces,Qilian Mountains National Park spans 50,200 square km,serving as a vital ecological security barrier and water source conservation area in west China.Established in 2017 to address ecosystem damage,intensive food chain protection and wildlife monitoring in the area began in early 2011.

Spatiotemporal Evolution of Ecological Quality in Alpine Freshwater Lake Nature Reserves in the Past 20 Years

The Caohai Nature Reserve is one of the three major plateau freshwater lakes in China.Since the 1950s,human activities such as land reclamation and population relocation have greatly damaged Caohai.A rapid evaluation of the spatiotemporal evolution trend of the ecological quality of the Caohai Nature Reserve is significant for the maintenance and construction of the ecosystem in this area.The research is based on the Google Earth Engine(GEE)remote sensing cloud computing platform.Landsat TM/OLI images from May to October in five time periods:2000-2002,2004-2006,2009-2011,2014-2016,and 2019-2021 were obtained to reconstruct the optimal cloud image set by averaging the images in each time period.By constructing four ecological indicators:Greenness(NDVI),Wetness(Wet),Hotness(LST),and Dryness(NDBSI),and using Principal Component Analysis(PCA)method to obtain the Remote Sensing Ecological Index(RSEI)for the corresponding years,the spatiotemporal variation of ecological quality in the Caohai Nature Reserve over 20 years was analyzed.The results indicate:①the mean value of RSEI increased from 0.460 in 2000-2002 to 0.772 in 2019-2021,a 67.83%increase,indicating a significant improvement in the ecological quality of the reserve over the 20 years;②from the perspective of functional zoning of the Caohai Nature Reserve,the ecological quality of the core area showed a degrading trend,while the ecological quality of the buffer zone and experimental zone significantly improved;③with the implementation of ecological restoration projects,the ecological quality of the reserve gradually recovered and improved from 2014 to 2021.The trend of RSEI value changes is well correlated with human interventions,indicating that the PCA-based RSEI model can be effectively used for ecological quality assessment in lake areas.

《Nature》:新开发的可穿戴超声贴片可连续、无创监测大脑血流

近日,一篇发表在《Nature》上的研究显示,研究人员开发出一种可穿戴超声贴片(wearable ultrasound patch),其可对大脑血流进行连续、无创的监测。该研究将贴片在36名健康志愿者身上进行了测试,以检验其测量脑部主要动脉血流速度(收缩期峰值、平均流速和舒张末期速度)的能力,发现测量结果与传统超声探头的测量结果非常吻合。

《Nature》:科学家发现能驱动患者狼疮发生的两种细胞缺陷

近日,一篇发表在《Nature》上的研究显示,研究发现了一种特殊的分子缺陷或会促进系统性红斑狼疮的病理性免疫反应,同时揭示了逆转这一缺陷或有望逆转疾病。该研究中,研究人员报道了驱动狼疮发生的新通路,研究者表示,患者体内血液中的多种分子都会发生疾病相关的改变,最终,这些变化会导致芳香烃受体(aryl hydrocarbon receptor,AHR)所控制的通路激活不足,AHR能调节细胞对环境污染物、细菌或代谢产物的反应。

Beyond Morality:Han Fei’s Unconventional Insights Into Human Nature

Han Fei presented a thought-provoking perspective on human nature and its implications for governance.Departing from traditional moral doctrines,Han Fei’s“non-moralistic”philosophy posited that human nature is inherently self-interested and driven by personal gain.In this paper,we explore Han Fei’s keen insights into human nature and its practical application in political governance.His emphasis on aligning political strategies with human inclinations,rather than relying solely on moral preaching,highlights the complexity and pragmatism of his approach.However,we also examine the limitations of his philosophy,particularly in disregarding individual differences and idealism.By striking a balance between political expediency and moral considerations,Han Fei’s ideas continue to resonate with contemporary discussions on governance and human behavior.This study calls for a reflective and cautious assessment of the implications of Han Fei’s“non-moralistic”thought in today’s society.

Human Rights Connotations and Its Legal Protection in the Harmonious Coexistence between Humans and Nature

Promoting the unity of human nature and sociality in practice is a fundamental path dependence for achieving people's well-rounded development.Within the context of harmonious coexistence between humans and nature,the practice of the unity of human nature and sociality is allowed to be truly implemented,and people's well-rounded development moves from possibility to reality.Strengthening the protection of human rights for people's well-rounded development in the harmonious coexistence between humans and nature not only requires the expansion of the connotations of environmental rights from“the right to a healthy environment”to“the right to a beautiful environment”,but also necessitates the formation of a collaborative framework between environmental rights and development rights.For legal responses to the expansion of the connotations of environmental rights,it is necessary to implement such expansions in environmental legislation,enhance the underlying principles,and make progress in the development of systematic environmental legislation simultaneously.Regarding the legal promotion of the synergy between environmental rights and development rights,it is essential to follow the guidance of the“Two Mountains Theory,”take the coordinated functions of environmental and traditional legal departments as the basis,and build a legal mechanism for the realization of the value of ecological products and services.

“Eternal Motion” as a “Form of Movement of a Special Nature” and the Main Condition for the Creation of the Universe

The article hypothesizes that DE and DM (UCM) are a “Form of Motion of a Special Nature”, where “Form of Motion” means “Eternal Motion” as the power of dynamics of different levels and varying degrees of self-sufficiency, and by “Special Nature”, gravitational and two other properties of matter, “tied” to the “Eternal Movement” and completely dependent on it. Carriers of key properties of a “Special Nature” have been established: “0”-DE particles and “3”-DM particles (UDM). The unity of their inherent “motionally-gravitational” properties and the peculiarity of the relationship between “motion” and “gravity” are revealed: the higher the intensity of “Eternal Motion”, the stronger the gravitational properties of matter are manifested (and vice versa). The relationship of “time” with the “vibration frequency” and the “mass” of photons with the “degree of bonding and deformation properties of the field” is shown. The maximum level of gravity has been determined, which allows Nature to successfully create the Universe: such a landmark is the proximity to the property of the Primary Source—the “pure graviton” of the OSP space, the most powerful “motionally-gravitational” particle of the Universe. The reasons for the emergence of such an identity of the gravitational properties of particles with the indicators of a “pure graviton” are established: for “0”-DE particles, this is the acquisition of the function of “freedom of movement”;for “3”-DM particles (UDM), the creation of a special structure—a “double field” (“Main” and “Small”). The presence in the “double field” of specific “tools” for the creation of the worlds of the Universe—gravitational “waves” gives rise to impulses (shocks) of varying intensity and shape. A list of functions performed by “waves” in the “Main” and “Small” fields has been compiled. The specific conditions for the formation of “UDM Streams”, their transformation into a “Vortex” and, under the influence of a powerful Initial Impulse (push), sending them to the “place” of the creation of galaxies, are shown. It is suggested that there is a “Cycle of Matter in Nature” in the closed structure of our Universe due to the “work” of “waves” and the functioning of special “factories” in the form of exotic space objects—Black holes.

河南省精神病医院李文强教授在《Nature Human Behaviour》上发表最新研究成果

近日,河南省精神病医院李文强教授以第一作者在国际著名期刊《Nature Human Behaviour》上发表了题为《Genome-wide meta-analysis,functional genomics and integrative analyses implicate new risk genes and therapeutic targets for anxiety disorders》的研究成果。河南省精神病医院特聘教授东南大学生命健康高等研究院、东南大学附属中大医院罗雄剑为通讯作者。河南省精神病医院为第一作者单位。

Discussion on Action and Potential of Fenlong Megascience in the Symbiosis between Human and Nature

The fourth new farming model Fenlong is identified as megascience for the first time. Fenlong can be directly applied to farming of farmland, remoulding of mortar black soil and saline alkali land and development of degraded grassland. Deep loosening can create huge soil reservoirs, reduce fertilization, promote indi- rectly the improvement of river water fisheries and water sources and the upgrading of shaping and hydropower industry, thus making a new round of mobilization and pooling of natural resources. As a result, the nature is able to produce good food needed by human, the spatial dimension of the land is increased, the natural pre- cipitation storage is increased, the flood and drought disasters are reduced, the eco-environment is improved, and the economic benefits are increased. Fenlong is not restricted to global application by ecological region and crop variety and is not subject to the time-space constraints for a hundred thousand years. On the basis of utilizing the heaven and earth resources, it brings about a huge effect of mega- science. Compare with traditional farming, the depth under the mode of Fenlong is increased by 2-3 times, the contents of nutrient, water, oxygen and microorganism in the soil are increased by 10%-200%, the content of pale salt is increased by 20%-40%, the temperature is increased by 2-4 ~C, and the photosynthetic efficiency of crops is improved by 10%. Under the cultivation mode of Fenlong, the yield of crop applied with no fertilizers is increased by more than 10%, crop yield is still in- creased by more than 5% when the application amount of chemical fertilizer is re- duced by 10%-20%. Under the farming mode of Fenlong combined with no in- crease in fertilization, the crop yield, crop quality, farming efficiency, natural precipi- tation storage and air humidity are increased by 10%-50%, 5%, 15%, 100% and 5%, respectively, and the emissions of methane and other gases are reduced by more than 5%. Even in mortar black soil, saline alkali land and degraded grassland, the yield is still increased by 15%-50%. These improvement effects can last for many years, helping achieve the real harmonious coexistence between human and nature.

Study on the Epistemology Development of the Correlation between Human Beings and Nature

This study aimed to alert people that the harmony between human beings and nature has already become an urgent problem. All people are responsible for maintaining the harmony, which is the also the inexorable trend of historical development. Reviewing the evolution history of human kind, the relationship between human beings and nature from harmony to imbalance, from imbalance to a new harmony was analyzed from the macro perspective, and it was pointed out that the present society is in the transitional phase from imbalance to a new harmony and also a phase that people are consciously coordinating their relationship with nature. It was found through the study that a harmonious society relies on the harmony between human beings and nature, and the latter is a necessary condition for a real harmonious society, however, people always forget such a principle. The imbalanced relationship between human beings and nature has seriously influenced many aspects of social harmony, and become instable factors in China and international society, even threatened the development and survival of human beings. Thus, all people should make joint efforts in creating win-win conditions for the development between human beings and nature, and ensuring offspring a healthy and green earth.

The Ecological Landscape with the Integration of Humanistic Culture and Nature Environment —A Case Study of Landscape Transformation in Baoyan Eco-Tourism Garden of Changshu City

Based on the landscape ecology theory,this paper analyzed the ecology concept and the existing misconceptions of landscape design from the perspective of ecology.The misconceptions included the excessive using of ecological concepts,undue emphasis on the natural features of ecology,and endowing landscape with human cultural blindly.Taking Baoyan eco-tourism garden landscape renovation as an example,this study analyzed the superior natural conditions of this garden,the negative status in the current development process which included the conservative development and construction,singleness of entertainment,cultural educational and the other activities,disorder of landscape structure,lack of cultural landscape,weakness of landscape features and the unremarkable competitive advantages.To construct an ecological landscape with integration of humanistic and nature features,this paper proposed "ecological gardens" as the theme,following the design concept which made full integration of creating cultural landscape with the improvement and protection of natural ecological environment.Finally,the author elaborated such kind of ecological landscape from the following 4 aspects,including the integration,protection,restoration,and creation of landscape.

Wolf Nature,Dog Nature and Human Nature——An Interpretation of the Theme of Sherwood Anderson's Death in the Woods

This thesis,by analyzing the wolf nature,the dog nature and the human nature,and their relations,expounds the author's personal interpretation of the theme of Sherwood Anderson's short story Death in the Woods.The author maintains that Anderson reveals to readers the ugliness of life and the strange beauty of life,condemns the loss of love and the dehumanization of human life in the modern world and implies Anderson's deep concern on the human alienation,an important theme in the 20th century modern literature.

Human Nature: A Reflection of “The Minister’s Black Veil: A Parable”

According to Hawthorne’s "The Minister’s Black Veil: A Parable", we can know that the author thinks human nature is evil. This paper discusses the following questions: what is human nature? Whether human nature exists? And how to realize human nature?

An Exploration of Human Nature and a Challenge Against Conventional Morality of American South——On the Theme ofThe Adventures of Huckleberry Finn

文章通过对马克.吐温名著《哈克贝利.芬历险记》主题的分析,深刻探讨了马克.吐温对人的本性的探索和对美国南方传统道德的挑战,并进而提出了与现今社会紧密联系的人文关怀问题。

Mushroomβ-glucan and polyphenol formulations as natural immunity boosters and balancers:nature of the application

Mushrooms are experiencing a kind of renaissance as a part of the contemporary human diet.These valuable organisms are more than food,they fit in perfectly as a novel market group known as nutra-mycoceuticals.Immune-balancing mushroom dietary fibers and secondary metabolites such as polyphenols are the main focus of the healthcare industry.Wellness and cosmetic companies are increasingly using mushroom extracts rich in these ingredients.This review considers the basic molecular immunomodulatory mechanisms of action of the most commonly used mushroom dietary fibers,β-glucans.The literature data on their bioavailability,metabolic transformations,preclinical and human clinical research,and safety are discussed.Immunomodulatory mechanisms of polyphenol ingredients are also considered.These molecules present great potential in the design of the new immunity balancer formulations according to their widespread structural diversity.Finally,we draw attention to the perspectives of modern trends in mushroom nutraceutical and cosmeceutical formulations to strengthen and balance immunity.