大庆油田CIFLog测井数智云平台建设应用实践

针对大庆油田生产中测井数据量大、类型多和数据来源复杂等问题,以中国石油天然气集团有限公司大型测井处理解释软件CIFLog为基础,以业务需求为主导,采用微服务架构和测井分布式云计算技术体系,研发测井大数据存储管理、中间服务层和云端测井处理解释应用等新功能,形成了大庆油田测井数智云应用平台。目前,平台已全面安装部署到大庆油田相关单位,应用效果显著。特别在大庆油田智能决策中心,平台直接用于重点水平井随钻地质导向的现场决策,大幅提升了Ⅰ类储层的钻遇率。未来平台将重点围绕新功能研发、油田数智化应用场景建设和标准化技术体系构建等开展工作,并将取得的成果及时推广复制到西南油田、塔里木油田等油气田。CIFLog云平台作为中国油气工业软件数智化建设应用的先行典范,必将发挥越来越重要的示范引领作用。

Log4cxx在国产化平台的应用研究

以国产化操作系统、数据库和硬件环境为基础,通过分析和示例详细阐述了使用及扩展Log4cxx日志框架实现日志信息记录和管理的具体方法,为国产化软件的开发和维护提供了高效、可靠、易用的日志解决方案。

Differences of Phenomenological Reduction and Fusion of Horizons in Analyzing Literary Works——Analysis of Hawthorne's Young Goodman Brown from the Perspectives of Phenomenological Reduction and Fusion of Horizons

Edmund Husserl's first important move about phenomenology is the"phenomenological reduction"which means that we should reduce the external world to the contents of our consciousness alone. However, Hans-Georg Gadamer holds the opinion that all interpretation of a past work consists in a dialogue between past and present(Eagleton, T. 2009:62). Gadamer's famous theory is fusion of horizons which means that the event of understanding comes about when our own"horizon"of historical meanings and assumptions"fuses"with the"horizon"within which the work itself is placed. The present thesis takes Hawthorne's YoungGoodmanBrown as an example to illustrate different understandings when readers apply the two different theories.

Micromorphological Features of Diagnostic Horizons in Several soils in Southwest China: Implication for Soil Taxonomic Classification

The comparative studies on micromorphological features in diagnostic horizons of Stagnic Anthrosols, Ustic Ferrosols and Ustic Vertosols in southwestern China were conducted to underpin the rationale for Chinese Soil Taxonomy. The following findings were explored: (1) Stagnic Anthrosols had the specific micromorphological features, e.g., the humic formation in anthrostagnic epipedon, the platy structures in plow subhorizon, the secondary formation of ferromanganese and the weakly optical-orientation clay domains in hydragric horizon, etc.: (2) The groundmasses of ferric horizon in Ustic Ferrosols appeared in hue of 2.5YR or redder, and had pellicular grain structure; (3) Ustic Vertosols had a crust horizon (Acr), and crack structure dominated in Acr and angular blocky structure in disturbed horizon; (4) Because of the distinct differences in micromorphological features among these three soils, the specific micromorphological features might be employed as diagnostic horizons to differentiate soils while the quantifiable micromorphological features might potentially be selected as diagnostic indices for Chinese soil taxonomic classification.

基于改进LOG算子与Otsu算法结合的物体表面图像残损检测方法

针对物体表面残损区域存在明显的亮缺陷和不明显的暗缺陷这一特性,构建一种基于改进LOG算子与Otsu算法相结合的物体表面残损区域缺陷的边缘检测方法。首先,针对传统的LOG算子在检测图像亮缺陷边缘时检测结果不准确的问题,引入可根据图像特性自动调整模糊因子的Wiener滤波代替传统LOG算子中的高斯滤波,以提高图像亮缺陷检测的精度;其次,针对检测图像暗缺陷边缘时结果不准确的问题,使用Otsu算法分析图像暗缺陷的灰度直方图来自动确定阈值,以提升暗缺陷边缘检测准确率;最后,采用像素加权平均融合算法对检测出的物体表面图像亮、暗缺陷边缘进行融合,以实现物体表面残损缺陷检测。实验结果表明:相较于单独使用改进的LOG算子和Otsu算法,采用加权融合的方法检测到的缺陷像素点数量与原始图片中基本一致,能够更准确地对图像中物体表面残损区域的亮、暗缺陷边缘进行检测。

Numerical simulation and dimension reduction analysis of electromagnetic logging while drilling of horizontal wells in complex structures

Electromagnetic logging while drilling(LWD)is one of the key technologies of the geosteering and formation evaluation for high-angle and horizontal wells.In this paper,we solve the dipole source-generated magnetic/electric fields in 2D formations efficiently by the 2.5D finite diff erence method.Particularly,by leveraging the field’s rapid attenuation in spectral domain,we propose truncated Gauss–Hermite quadrature,which is several tens of times faster than traditional inverse fast Fourier transform.By applying the algorithm to the LWD modeling under complex formations,e.g.,folds,fault and sandstone pinch-outs,we analyze the feasibility of the dimension reduction from 2D to 1D.For the formations with smooth lateral changes,like folds,the simplified 1D model’s results agree well with the true responses,which indicate that the 1D simplification with sliding window is feasible.However,for the formation structures with drastic rock properties changes and sharp boundaries,for instance,faults and sandstone pinch-outs,the simplified 1D model will lead to large errors and,therefore,2.5D algorithms should be applied to ensure the accuracy.

Fast anisotropic resistivities inversion of loggingwhile-drilling resistivity measurements in highangle and horizontal wells

Information about anisotropic resistivity is essential in real-time correlation,updating of formation model and making more confi dent geosteering decisions in logging-while-drilling(LWD)application.However,abnormal responses such as curve separations and apparent resistivity“horns”often exist in the LWD resistivity measurements due to the infl uences of complex downhole environments.Thus,accurate formation resistivity is not readily available.In this paper,we present an effi cient inversion scheme for the rapid estimation of anisotropic resistivity from LWD resistivity measurements acquired in high-angle and horizontal wells.Several strategies are adopted in the inversion:(1)a one-dimensional(1D)simulator with a simplifi ed three-layered model guarantees the forward speed and keeps the number of inverted parameters as few as possible;(2)combined with geological and petrophysical bounds,the tool constraints derived from a detection capability analysis of LWD resistivity measurements are applied to scale down the inverted parameters’searching scope,which avoids meaningless solutions and accelerates the inversion signifi cantly;(3)multiple-initial guesses are used in the inversion to ensure a global solution.Inversion results over synthetic examples demonstrate that the proposed 1D inversion algorithm is well suited for complex formation structures.It is also robust and fast in extracting anisotropic resistivities from LWD resistivity measurements.

Simulation logging experiment and interpretation model of array production logging measurements in a horizontal well

The distributions of local velocity and local phase holdup along the radial direction of pipes are complicated because of gravity differentiation,and the distribution of fluid velocity fi eld changes along the gravity direction in horizontal wells.Therefore,measuring the mixture flow and water holdup is difficult,resulting in poor interpretation accuracy of the production logging output profile.In this paper,oil–water two-phase flow dynamic simulation logging experiments in horizontal oil–water two-phase fl ow simulation wells were conducted using the Multiple Array Production Suite,which comprises a capacitance array tool(CAT)and a spinner array tool(SAT),and then the response characteristics of SAT and CAT in diff erent fl ow rates and water cut production conditions were studied.According to the response characteristics of CAT in diff erent water holdup ranges,interpolation imaging along the wellbore section determines the water holdup distribution,and then,the oil–water two-phase velocity fi eld in the fl ow section was reconstructed on the basis of the fl ow section water holdup distribution and the logging value of SAT and combined with the rheological equation of viscous fl uid,and the calculation method of the oil–water partial phase fl ow rate in the fl ow section was proposed.This new approach was applied in the experiment data calculations,and the results are basically consistent with the experimental data.The total fl ow rate and water holdup from the calculation are in agreement with the set values in the experiment,suggesting that the method has high accuracy.

Micromorphology of Solonetzic Horizons as Related to Environmental Events in the Caspian Lowland

Micromorphology of solonetz species with special attention to natric horizon was studied in microcatenas at the Dzhanybek Research Station (northwestern Caspian Lowland). The solonetzic (natric) horizon is easily identified, and it occurs at varying depths, which are the criteria for subdividing solonetzes into 4 species, namely, crusty, shallow, medium and deep. In this sequence, the depth of humus-accumulative horizons increases, and the upper boundary of salinity manifestations goes down. The following micromorphological features are assumed as typical for natric horizons: angular blocky microstructures with partially accommodated aggregates having sharp boundaries and narrow plane-like packing voids; b-fabric speckled in the aggregates' centers and monostriated at their peripheries merging into stress coatings; very few interpedal voids; organo-clay coatings; humusenriched infillings; no calcite and gypsum pedofeatures. A complete set of "natric" features was found only in the crusty solonetz; the shallow solonetz lacks only illuviation coatings, while the medium and deep species have several modifications of fabric elements: blocky aggregates have a rounded shape and are penetrated by biogenic channels favoring their further biogenic reworking; plant residues became more abundant and diverse, and blackened tissues occur; illuviation clay coatings evolved into papules; stress coatings gave birth to striated b- fabrics, thus maintaining a high plasma orientation. The thin sections of natric horizons made 50 and 20 years ago were examined to study the influence of environmental changes (increase in precipitation and rise of ground water table) on micropedofeatures. The following processes took place: (i) in the topsoil: humus accumulation and biogenic structurization; (ii) in the natric horizon-re-arrangement of clay coatings into micromass b-fabrics; and (iii) in the lower part of the natric horizon-development of pseudosand fabric, calcite and gypsum formation. The trends revealed are in good agreement with the environmental events.

Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill as a Case Study for Interdisciplinary Cooperation within Developmental Biology, Environmental Sciences and Physiology

The Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill in the USA’s Gulf of Mexico created a high degree of exposure of marine organisms to toxic polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) present in crude oil. To determine the ecological and physiological effects of crude oil on the Gulf of Mexico ecosystem, the Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative created several research consortia to address overreaching questions concerning the biological impacts of the ecology of the Gulf of Mexico that would otherwise be beyond the capabilities of an individual investigator or a small group. One of these consortia, highlighted in this article, is the RECOVER Consortium, which brings together physiologists, developmental biologists, toxicologists and other life scientists to focus on the multifaceted physiological effects of PAHs, especially as they pertain to cardiovascular and metabolic physiology of economically important fish species. Using the Recover Consortium’s interdisciplinary approach to revealing the biological impacts of the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill as a case study, we make the argument for interdisciplinary teams that bring together scientists with different specialties as an efficient way—and perhaps the only way—to unravel highly complex biological effects of marine oil spills.

Analysis of Gas and Liquid Two-Phase Slug Flow Production Logging Interpretation Model in near Horizontal Shale Gas Wells

The development of shale gas reservoir is mainly based on horizontal well production.Slug flow of gas-liquid two-phase is invariably encountered in inclined wells and horizontal wells of a producing environment.Due to gravitational differentiation,oil-water two-phase flow pattern,the local velocity and local phase holdup along the radial direction of pipe in near horizontal wells will perform complicatedly.This paper presented the results of an experimental study and a theoretical analysis of two-phase gas/water flow in horizontal and highly inclined systems.Extensive experiments were conducted using a test loop made of 124 mm diameter acrylic pipe with inclination angles from the horizontal of 0°,5°,15°,45°,°2°,°5°and°10°,and with the total flow rate ranging from 50 to 800 m3/day.Based on the research on the law of slug flow dynamics model for gas-water two-phase flow in near horizontal pipeline,the theoretical analysis and experimental researches were done to propose the expressions of stable and exact production logging interpretation model for two-phase flow in near horizontal pipeline.The performance of the proposed method for estimating water holdup and water superficial velocity is in good agreement with our measurements.As a result,the slug flow dynamics model of gas-water two-phase flow in near horizontal wellbore was developed.The application effect of production logging in near horizontal wells had been improved.

Particle Horizons in Cosmology

The importance of investigating particle horizons in order to interpret a cosmological solution of Einstein’s field equations has been described. We have presented the formula and studied the particle horizons in some of the cosmological models presented in our earlier papers. It is well known that the Friedman-Robertson-Walker (F-R-W) models, the energy density of the free gravitational field denoted by ε, equivalently denoted by MacCallum parameter ξ, vanishes but the particle horizons exist and thus the former has no bearing on the latter. However, we have shown in our models presented herein that ε is related with particle horizons. Further, it is shown that as ε grows, the segment of the corresponding particle horizon decreases and thus the radius of the corresponding visible universe decreases.

Bekenstein-Hawking Cosmological Entropy and Correction Term Corresponding Cosmological Horizon of Rotating and Charged Black String

Utilizing the quantum statistical method and applying the new state density equation motivated by generalized uncertainty principle in quantum gravitaty, we avoid the difficulty in solving wave equation and directly calculate the partition function of bosonic and fermionic field on the background of rotating and charged black string. Then near the cosmological horizon, entropies of bosonic and fermionic field are calculated on the background of black string. When constant A introduced in generalized uncertainty principle takes a proper value, we derive Bekenstein- Hawking entropy and the correction value corresponding cosmologicaJ horizon on the background of rotating and charged black string. Because we use the new state density equation, in our calculation there are not divergent term and small mass approximation in the original brick-wall method. From the view of quantum statistic mechanics, the correction value to Bekenstein-Hawking entropy of the black string is derived. It makes people deeply understand the correction value to the entropy of the black string cosmological horizon in non-spherical coordinate spacetime.

Influence of Logging Instrument Drag on Temperature Distribution in Horizontal Gas Wells

In order to clarify the influence of the instrument’s own drag on the temperature distribution in the horizontal gas wellbore in temperature logging.By constructing an indoor gas-liquid two-phase horizontal tube flow platform,the effects of the drag speed of the instrument on the temperature distribution in the wellbore were studied in the single-phase gas and gas-liquid two phases.In addition,during the process of instrument dragging,the influence of different perforation cluster opening methods and wellbore inclination on temperature distribution was also studied.The results show that the temperature fluctuation is reduced at higher drag speeds;Under a certain flow rate,the smaller the number of openings,the greater the influence of the instrument dragging inside the tube on the temperature distribution inside the tube;When the inclination angle is−5°,the drag of the instrument in the tube interferes greatly with the temperature distribution.When the inclination angle is 5°,the drag of the instrument in the tube has less interference with the temperature distribution.This study provides more reference for the future temperature calculation model of horizontal wellbore and has important research significance.

ModelLogVis:面向模型服务的日志异常可视分析方法

利用深度学习模型训练和运行维护过程产生的海量日志信息,进行模型的优化与故障排查,是当前人工智能运维的研究热点.针对现有工作缺少模型工作流分析的问题,提出面向模型服务的日志异常可视分析方法ModelLogVis.该方法采用日志异常检测方法定位模型工作流中的潜在故障,帮助用户聚焦主要的故障类型;支持用户从数据流、状态、实例性能和原始日志等多个角度对工作流中的事件进行交互式可视化与分析,快速、准确地排查问题.通过真实的模型服务数据的案例研究和专家访谈,证明ModelLogVis方法可高效地辅助用户快速挖掘日志中的异常信息.

Dynamics of Lumber Production from Buttressed-Stumps of Logging Residues Using a Fuel Powered Horizontal Mobile Bandsaw Machine

Logging residue can be defined as any form of wood, which under the highest stage of technological development could be used in manufacturing but is left in the forest during logging. Lumber production from logging residues of a previous logging activity by a timber firm was undertaken with the objective of determining the suitability of utilizing buttressed-stumps as raw material for the timber industry. A horizontal mobile bandsaw machine was used to process the buttressed-stumps into lumber. The machine was characterized by a thin-kerr sawing technology （kerf-width 1.6 mm） compared to the conventional bandsaw machines of kerr-widths ranging from 3.0-4.5 mm. Lumber value and volume yields, fuel consumption rate, frequency of tool replacement and lumber production rate were assessed. Results indicated that there is the potential to increase timber production from logging residues by utilizing buttressed-stumps. Lumber value and volume yields of eight timber species investigated in this study ranged from 5%-31% and 34%-54% respectively. Fuel consumption rate which increased with increasing wood density, ranged from 5-14.5 liters/m3 of lumber produced. Frequency of saw replacement increased with increasing wood density. The number of saws required to produce one cubic meter of lumber, ranged from 1 to 7. Lumber production rate ranged from 0.10-0.38 m3/hour, increasing with decreasing wood density.

LogRank++:一种高效的业务过程事件日志采样方法

针对已有采样方法处理大规模事件日志时存在采样效率低的问题,提出一种高效的业务过程事件日志采样方法LogRank++。首先确定轨迹的重要性特征,然后对计算轨迹的重要性值进行排序,最后选择一组最重要的轨迹组成样本日志。综合采样质量和采样效率两方面来评估此采样方法的高效性。所提采样方法已在开源过程挖掘工具平台ProM中实现。实验分析表明,相比已有采样方法,在保证样本日志质量的前提下,LogRank++能够大幅提高日志采样效率。

Economic Analysis of CO2 Emission Abatement Applying a Dynamic CGE Model with Endogenous Technological Change： Impacts of the Time Horizon

We evaluate economic and environmental impacts of climate change mitigation in a country scale considering various time horizons in the analysis applying a single-country dynamic computable general equilibrium model with endogenous technological change. Although there is a possibility that Gross Domestic Product （GDP） becomes larger for the abatement cases than the baseline case in the earlier years, it tends to be lower than that in the later years. The longer the time horizon and/or the more severe the abatement, the larger the negative impacts will be. When subsidizing R＆D investment, increase in GDP compared to the baseline case is realized in the middle of the time horizon, and the larger increase tends to be observed for the longer-term cases. These results would be due to technological change induced by the subsidies and emission abatement. Environmental indicators are also improved. We showed that the results were influenced by the target time horizon when using an intertemporal dynamic model.

HiLog:OpenHarmony的高性能日志系统

日志是计算机系统中记录事件状态信息的的重要载体,日志系统负责计算机系统的日志生成、收集和输出.OpenHarmony是新兴的、面向全设备、全场景的开源操作系统.在所述工作之前,包括日志系统在内OpenHarmony有许多关键子系统尚未构建,而OpenHarmony的开源特性使第三方开发者可以为其贡献核心代码.为了解决Open Harmony日志系统缺乏的问题,主要开展如下工作:(1)分析当今主流日志系统的技术架构和优缺点;(2)基于OpenHarmony操作系统的异构设备互联特性设计HiLog日志系统模型规范;(3)设计并实现第1个面向OpenHarmony的日志系统HiLog,并贡献到OpenHarmony主线;(4)对HiLog日志系统的关键指标进行测试和对比试验.实验数据表明,在基础性能方面,HiLog和Log的日志写入阶段吞吐量分别为1500 KB/s和700 KB/s,相比Android日志系统吞吐量提升114%;在日志持久化方面,HiLog可以3.5%的压缩率进行持久化,并且丢包率小于6‰,远低于Log.此外,HiLog还具备数据安全、流量控制等新型实用能力.

Teaching Research on Ideology and Politics of "New Horizon College English" proceeding from multimodality

Based on the multimodal theory,this article designs a theme teaching in one unit of college English course ideology and politics which is about”Spend or save-The student’s dilemma”.The new instructional design incorporates Mao Zedong’s quotations,Xi Jinping’s speaking and habit of saving,and celebrity saving stories in regular college English teaching,and adds three specific multimodal designs of teachers’teaching,students’learning,and teaching evaluation.Multi-modal teaching mainly performs as various modal angles other than language and pictures,practical cases in teaching design.