葛根芩连汤调控FoxO1/MARCH1通路对小鼠胰岛素抵抗的改善作用

目的探讨葛根芩连汤通过调控肝脏叉头框蛋白O1(FoxO1)/膜相关环状蛋白1(MARCH1)通路对高脂饮食诱导的小鼠胰岛素抵抗的影响。方法小鼠给予高脂饲料喂养12周建立胰岛素抵抗模型,将30只造模成功小鼠随机分为模型组、葛根芩连汤组(15 g/kg)、吡格列酮(阳性药)组(20 mg/kg),每组10只,另取10只正常小鼠给予普通饲料喂养为正常组,连续给予相应药物灌胃8周,记录各组小鼠体质量。全自动生化分析仪检测检测甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平,ELISA法检测空腹血清胰岛素(FINS)水平并计算稳态模型胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR),检测腹腔内葡萄糖耐量(IPGTT)并计算葡萄糖曲线下面积(AUC),HE染色观察肝组织病理学改变,RT-qPCR法检测肝组织FoxO1、MARCH1、INSR、IRS1 mRNA表达,Western blot法检测肝组织FoxO1、Ac-FoxO1、MARCH1、INSRα、INSRβ、IRS1、p-IRS1蛋白表达。结果与正常组比较,模型组小鼠体质量、FINS、TG、TC、LDL-C、HOMA-IR、AUC均升高(P<0.01),肝组织细胞结构紊乱,边界轮廓不清,排列散乱,细胞肿大且大小不一,肝细胞内可见大量脂质空泡,少量肝细胞出现点状坏死,肝组织FoxO1、MARCH1 mRNA表达升高(P<0.01),INSR、IRS1 mRNA表达降低(P<0.01),肝组织Ac-FoxO1、MARCH1、INSRα蛋白表达升高(P<0.01),FoxO1、INSRβ、IRS1、p-IRS1蛋白表达降低(P<0.01);与模型组比较,葛根芩连汤组小鼠FINS、TG、TC、LDL-C、HOMA-IR、AUC均降低(P<0.01),肝组织细胞形态趋于正常,脂质空泡数目明显减少,肝组织FoxO1、MARCH1 mRNA表达降低(P<0.01),INSR、IRS1 mRNA表达升高(P<0.01),肝组织Ac-FoxO1、MARCH1蛋白表达降低(P<0.01),FoxO1、INSRβ、IRS1、p-IRS1蛋白表达均升高(P<0.01),而INSRα蛋白表达无明显变化(P>0.05)。结论葛根芩连汤可以减轻肝脏脂肪变性,改善胰岛素抵抗,其机制可能与抑制FoxO1/MARCH1通路,增加胰岛素受体及胰岛素受体底物的表达有关。

基于改进Marching Cubes算法的雷达气象数据三维重建

在气象领域中,多普勒天气雷达探测到的气象数据采用以雷达站点为原点的三维极坐标系进行存储,具有形状不规则、数据量大等特征。Marching Cubes(MC)算法是三维重建中的经典算法,但应用于气象领域时存在重建效率低下和不能直接处理气象数据的缺点。为了实现气象数据的三维重建,基于MC算法提出雷达数据归一化处理与状态标记判别算法NBV-MC。该算法根据雷达基数据文件的特点对其进行归一化预处理,使用雷达基数据构建拟梯形六面体体素,对每一个六面体体素进行状态标记,在遍历六面体体素时动态判别其是否需要处理。实验结果表明,NBV-MC算法不仅解决了由于气象数据具有不规则性而不能直接用于MC算法的问题,而且可以在保证数据真实性和重建效果的情况下有效减少绘制等值面所需要的三角面片数量,提高重建速度。与MC算法相比,NBV-MC算法的重建效率提升了77.70%以上,有利于实时场景交互,便于气象研究人员直接分析雷达数据。

可兼容四种March系列算法的PMBIST电路设计

存储器是系统级芯片(System on chip,SoC)中最重要的组成部分之一,也是最容易出现故障的部件。存储器故障可能会导致整个SoC失效,对存储器进行充分的测试和验证是至关重要的。目前,主流的存储器测试方法是采用存储器内建自测试(Memory build-in-self test,MBIST)技术,传统的可测性技术采用单一的测试算法进行测试,为了满足不同类型存储器的测试需求以及不同工艺制造阶段的测试强度,需要使用不同类型的测试算法进行测试。结合存储器常见的故障模型以及多种测试算法,设计了具有较高灵活性和可扩展性的可编程存储器内建自测试(Programmable memory built-in-self test,PMBIST)电路,可兼容四种不同的March系列算法进行存储器内建自测试,采用寄存器传输语言(Reigster transfer language,RTL)级代码的编写方式,针对静态随机存储器(Static random-access memory,SRAM)采用不同March系列测试算法进行仿真,并以常用的March C+算法为例进行说明。仿真结果表明,所设计的PMBIST电路可对四种不同的March算法进行测试,满足不同类型存储器的内建自测试需求。

Association between Meeting 24-Hour Movement Guidelines and Psychological Features of Chinese Emerging Adults

Background:Emerging adulthood is a pivotal life stage,presenting significant psychological and social changes,such as decreased sociability,depression,and other mental health problems.Previous studies have associated these changes with an unhealthy lifestyle.The 24-h movement guidelines for healthy lifestyles have been developed to promote appropriate health behaviors and improve individual wellness.However,the relationship between adherence to the 24-h movement guidelines and different characteristics of Chinese emerging adults is yet to be explored.This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the association between adherence to the 24-h movement guidelines and four characteristics(self-exploration,instability,possibilities,and responsibility)of Chinese emerging adults.Methods:Overall,1,510 Chinese emerging adults aged 18–29 years were included in this study.Each participant completed a self-administered questionnaire that included questions on adherence to the 24-h movement guidelines(physical activity,sedentary behavior,and sleep)and the inventory of dimensions of emerging adulthood.Multivariable logistic regression analysis was employed to investigate the associations between adherence to the 24-h movement guidelines and each of the four characteristics.Results:The proportion of participants who adhered to the 24-h movement guidelines was 31.72%.Multiple regression analysis revealed a significantly negative relationship between adhering to more guidelines and instability(β=−0.51,p<0.001).A statistically significant association was observed between instability and meeting only sedentary behavior(β=−1.27,95%confidence interval[CI]:[−2.32,−0.24],p=0.02),sedentary behavior+sleep(β=−1.30,95%CI:[−2.24,−0.35],p<0.01),and physical activity+sedentary behavior(β=−1.08,95%CI:[1.94,−0.21],p=0.02)guidelines.Further,positive and significant associations were observed between possibilities and meeting the guidelines for only physical activity(β=0.70,95%CI:[0.14,1.27),p=0.01),only sleep(β=0.61,95%CI:[0.01,1.21],p=0.04),physical activity+sedentary behavior(β=0.56,95%CI:[0.04,1.07),p=0.01),and physical activity+sleep(β=0.76,95%CI:[0.23,1.27],p=0.01).Conclusions:These findings suggest that adherence to the 24-h movement guidelines was associated with instability in Chinese emerging adults.Future studies are warranted to verify our findings to highlight the importance of maintaining a heath lifestyle to promote health in emerging adulthood.

MARCH2和CFTR在结直肠癌中的表达及临床意义

目的:探讨MARCH2和CFTR在结直肠癌中的蛋白表达及与临床病理参数的相关性。方法:采用免疫组织化学SP法检测125例结直肠癌和30例正常结直肠黏膜组织中MARCH2和CFTR的表达,并复习相关文献。结果:在125例结直肠癌组织中,MARCH2和CFTR的阳性表达率分别为84.8%和8.8%,而在非肿瘤性肠组织中,这两种表达率的阳性率分别为6.7%和90.0%。MARCH2的阳性表达与肿瘤大小、深部浸润、淋巴结转移和TNM分期密切相关。此外,CFTR表达的缺失与分化不良、淋巴结转移和TNM分期显著相关。此外,MARCH2和CFTR表达之间存在显著负相关。结论:MARCH2在结直肠癌中高度表达,与肿瘤大小、深部浸润、淋巴结转移和TNM分期等预后不良参数有关。相比之下,CFTR在结直肠癌中几乎不表达,CFTR表达缺失与分化不良、淋巴结转移和TNM分期显著相关。MARCH2可能通过与CFTR的相互作用在结直肠癌的发展中发挥重要作用。它们可能成为结直肠癌诊断、治疗和预后评估的分子标志物。Aims: This study aimed to investigate whether the expressions of MARCH2 and CFTR in colorectal carcinomas were associated with clinicopathological parameters. Methods: The expressions of MARCH2 and CFTR were examined in 125 cases of colorectal carcinomas and 30 normal colorectal tissues using immunohistochemical staining. Results: The positive rates of MARCH2 and CFTR expressions in 125 cases of colorectal carcinoma were 84.8% and 8.8% respectively, whereas the positive expression rates of MARCH2 and CFTR in non-tumor colorectal tissues were 6.7% and 90.0% respectively. The positive expressions of MARCH2 were closely related to tumor size, deep invasion, lymph node metastasis and advanced TNM stage. In addition, loss of expression of CFTR was significantly associated with poor differentiation, lymph node metastasis and advanced TNM stage. Furthermore, there were significant negative correlations between MARCH2 and CFTR expression. Conclusions: MARCH2 is highly expressed in colorectal carcinomas, and is associated with poor prognostic parameters such as tumor size, deep invasion, lymph node metastasis and advanced TNM stage. In contrast, CFTR barely expressed in colorectal carcinomas, and loss of expression of CFTR was significantly associated with poor differentiation, lymph node metastasis and advanced TNM stage. MARCH2 may play an important role in the development of colorectal carcinoma through interaction with CFTR. They may become molecular markers for diagnosis, treatment and prognostic evaluation of colorectal carcinomas.

MARCH2多克隆抗体的制备与鉴定及其在组织和细胞系中的表达与亚细胞结构中的定位

目的:探讨MARCH2多克隆抗体的制备、鉴定与纯化的方法以及其在组织和细胞系中的表达情况、在亚细胞结构中的定位情况。方法:利用DNAstar软件对MARCH2蛋白的抗原性等进行分析,化学合成MARCH2短肽,制备成完全抗原免疫家兔,获取血清,纯化,用Western blot、Elisa、免疫荧光进行鉴定。用RT-PCR检测MARCH2在细胞系中的表达情况,用Western blot检测MARCH2在组织中的表达情况。用免疫荧光法及激光共聚焦显微镜分析检测MARCH2在亚细胞结构中的定位。结果:成功制备完全抗原免疫家兔,纯化出多克隆抗体,用Western blot、Elisa、免疫荧光法证实多克隆抗体制备成功。利用半定量RT-PCR方法,在32种细胞系中检测了MARCH2 mRNA的表达水平,结果显示,MARCH2呈广泛表达,在HeLa、U2OS、HCT116、COS7细胞中表达最高,在SKBR3、HGC-27、MGC-803细胞中低表达。利用组织芯片及免疫组织化学方法进一步分析了其在正常组织及肿瘤组织中的表达情况,染色结果显示,MARCH2呈广泛表达,在前列腺、肝组织中呈高表达,在横纹肌、甲状腺组织中呈低表达,主要在胞浆中呈现弥漫均匀细颗粒状分布。此外,MARCH2表达因肿瘤类型的不同有差异。与对应的正常组织相比,MARCH2在某些肿瘤(如前列腺癌、肝癌)组织中表达降低,而在某些肿瘤(如食管癌、结肠癌)组织中表达增高。用免疫荧光法及激光共聚焦显微镜分析检测MARCH2在亚细胞结构中的定位,发现MARCH2与内质网、高尔基体共定位,与溶酶体、内体部分共定位,与线粒体没有共定位。结论:成功获得了MARCH2多克隆抗体,为进一步研究MARCH2蛋白的功能奠定了基础。MARCH2在不同类型肿瘤中的差异表达及其在亚细胞结构中的定位高度提示MARCH2在肿瘤发生发展中具有重要的潜在应用价值。Aims: To explore the preparation, identification, and purification methods of MARCH2 polyclonal antibodies, as well as their expression and subcellular structural localization in tissues and cell lines. Methods: DNAstar software was used to analyze the antigenicity of MARCH2 protein, and MARCH2 short peptides were chemically synthesized to prepare complete antigen-immunized rabbits. Serum was obtained, purified, and identified by Western blot, Elisa, and immunofluorescence. RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of MARCH2 in cell lines, and Western blot was used to detect the expression of MARCH2 in tissues. Immunofluorescence and confocal laser microscopy were used to analyze and detect the localization of MARCH2 in subcellular structures. Results: Fully antigen-immunized rabbits were successfully prepared, and polyclonal antibodies were purified. Western blot, Elisa, and immunofluorescence were used to confirm the successful preparation of polyclonal antibodies. Using semi-quantitative RT-PCR method, the expression level of MARCH2 mRNA was detected in 32 cell lines. The results showed that MARCH2 was widely expressed, with the highest expression in HeLa, U2OS, HCT116, and COS7 cells, and low expression in SKBR3, HGC-27, and MGC-803 cells. The expression of MARCH2 in normal and tumor tissues was further analyzed using tissue chips and immunohistochemical methods. The staining results showed that MARCH2 was widely expressed, with high expression in prostate and liver tissues, low expression in striated muscle and thyroid tissues, and mainly distributed in a diffuse and uniform granular form in the cytoplasm. In addition, MARCH2 expression varies depending on the type of tumor. Compared with corresponding normal tissues, MARCH2 expression is reduced in certain tumor tissues (such as prostate cancer and liver cancer), while it is increased in certain tumor tissues (such as esophageal cancer and colon cancer). Using immunofluorescence and laser confocal microscopy to analyze and detect the localization of MARCH2 in subcellular structures, it was found that MARCH2 was co-localized with the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus, with lysosomes and endosomes partially, but not with mitochondria. Conclusions: MARCH2 polyclonal antibodies have been successfully obtained, laying the foundation for further research on the function of MARCH2 protein. The differential expression of MARCH2 in different types of tumors and its localization in subcellular structures highly suggest that MARCH2 has important potential application value in tumor occurrence and development.

Assessment of International GNSS Service Global Ionosphere Map products over China region based on measurements from the Crustal Movement Observation Network of China

The global ionosphere maps(GIM)provided by the International GNSS Service(IGS)are extensively utilized for ionospheric morphology monitoring,scientific research,and practical application.Assessing the credibility of GIM products in data-sparse regions is of paramount importance.In this study,measurements from the Crustal Movement Observation Network of China(CMONOC)are leveraged to evaluate the suitability of IGS-GIM products over China region in 2013-2014.The indices of mean error(ME),root mean square error(RMSE),and normalized RMSE(NRMSE)are then utilized to quantify the accuracy of IGS-GIM products.Results revealed distinct local time and latitudinal dependencies in IGS-GIM errors,with substantially high errors at nighttime(NRMSE:39%)and above 40°latitude(NRMSE:49%).Seasonal differences also emerged,with larger equinoctial deviations(NRMSE:33.5%)compared with summer(20%).A preliminary analysis implied that the irregular assimilation of sparse IGS observations,compounded by China’s distinct geomagnetic topology,may manifest as error variations.These results suggest that modeling based solely on IGS-GIM observations engenders inadequate representations across China and that a thorough examination would proffer the necessary foundation for advancing regional total electron content(TEC)constructions.

Force-induced Caspase-1-dependent pyroptosis regulates orthodontic tooth movement

Pyroptosis,an inflammatory caspase-dependent programmed cell death,plays a vital role in maintaining tissue homeostasis and activating inflammatory responses.Orthodontic tooth movement(OTM)is an aseptic force-induced inflammatory bone remodeling process mediated by the activation of periodontal ligament(PDL)progenitor cells.However,whether and how force induces PDL progenitor cell pyroptosis,thereby influencing OTM and alveolar bone remodeling remains unknown.In this study,we found that mechanical force induced the expression of pyroptosis-related markers in rat OTM and alveolar bone remodeling process.Blocking or enhancing pyroptosis level could suppress or promote OTM and alveolar bone remodeling respectively.Using Caspase-1^(−/−)mice,we further demonstrated that the functional role of the force-induced pyroptosis in PDL progenitor cells depended on Caspase-1.Moreover,mechanical force could also induce pyroptosis in human ex-vivo force-treated PDL progenitor cells and in compressive force-loaded PDL progenitor cells in vitro,which influenced osteoclastogenesis.Mechanistically,transient receptor potential subfamily V member 4 signaling was involved in force-induced Caspase-1-dependent pyroptosis in PDL progenitor cells.Overall,this study suggested a novel mechanism contributing to the modulation of osteoclastogenesis and alveolar bone remodeling under mechanical stimuli,indicating a promising approach to accelerate OTM by targeting Caspase-1.

Olympic Games and 24-hour movement behaviors:A match worth making

1.Background The Olympic motto,"Faster,Higher,Stronger-Together",represents the pursuit of athletic excellence,united as a global community."Excellence,respect and friendship"are the Olympic values.Both the motto and values are multifaceted and holistic in nature,and all-encompassing in their reach while recognizing no single entity rises above the others.Collectively,these foundational statements anchor the Olympic movement in its quest to build a better world through sport.

The osteoclastic activity in apical distal region of molar mesial roots affects orthodontic tooth movement and root resorption in rats

The utilization of optimal orthodontic force is crucial to prevent undesirable side effects and ensure efficient tooth movement during orthodontic treatment.However,the sensitivity of existing detection techniques is not sufficient,and the criteria for evaluating optimal force have not been yet established.Here,by employing 3D finite element analysis methodology,we found that the apical distal region(A-D region)of mesial roots is particularly sensitive to orthodontic force in rats.Tartrate-resistant acidic phosphatase(TRAP)-positive osteoclasts began accumulating in the A-D region under the force of 40 grams(g),leading to alveolar bone resorption and tooth movement.When the force reached 80 g,TRAP-positive osteoclasts started appearing on the root surface in the A-D region.Additionally,micro-computed tomography revealed a significant root resorption at 80 g.Notably,the A-D region was identified as a major contributor to whole root resorption.It was determined that 40 g is the minimum effective force for tooth movement with minimal side effects according to the analysis of tooth movement,inclination,and hyalinization.These findings suggest that the A-D region with its changes on the root surface is an important consideration and sensitive indicator when evaluating orthodontic forces for a rat model.Collectively,our investigations into this region would aid in offering valuable implications for preventing and minimizing root resorption during patients’orthodontic treatment.

Towards precision 24-hour movement behavior recommendations—The next new paradigm?

1.Background The importance of physical activity(PA)for health is unequivocal.^(1)Accordingly,population-based recommendations for exercise,and more recently public health guidelines for PA,have been developed and released by authoritative groups for many decades.^(2)Such guidelines emerged with leadership from the exercise physiology discipline and were rooted in,and loyal to,the importance of moderate-to-vigorous intensity PA(MVPA)or exercise.

Modifying the progression of Parkinson's disease through movement interventions:multimodal quantification of underlying mechanisms

Introduction:Parkinson’s disease(PD)is the most common neurodegenerative movement disorder.The pathological hallmark is the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta,which is accompanied by widespread alterations in the structu re and function of distributed brain networks.Togethe r,these processes cause a variety of motor symptoms such as bradykinesia,rigidity,tremor,gait disorders,or difficulties in fine motor control(Bange et al.,2022).

Dual roles of the amygdala-hippocampus circuit in the regulation of rapid eye movement sleep and depression symptoms by repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in patients with insomnia

To the editor:It is commonly reported that people with insomnia often experience comorbid emotional disorders,such as mood and anxiety disorders.12 A study found that fragmented rapid eye movement(REM)sleep in individuals with insomnia is associated with higher Beck Depression Inventory(BDI)scores.3 REM sleep architecture disruption is a typical symptom of insomnia.

Engineering The Neck Hinge Reshapes The Processive Movement of Kinesin-3

Objective In kinesin-3,the neck coil correlates with the following segments to form an extended neck that contains a characteristic hinge diverse from a proline in KIF13B to a long flexible linker in KIF1A.The function of this neck hinge for controlling processive movement,however,remains unclear.Methods We made a series of modifications to the neck hinges of KIF13B and KIF1A and tested their movement using a single-molecule motility assay.Results In KIF13B,the insertion of flexible residues before or after the proline differentially impacts the processivity or velocity,while the removal of this proline increases the both.In KIF1A,the deletion of entire flexible neck hinge merely enhances the processivity.The engineering of these hinge-truncated necks of kinesin-3 into kinesin-1 similarly boosts the processive movement of kinesin-1.Conclusion The neck hinge in kinesin-3 controls its processive movement and proper modifications tune the motor motility,which provides a novel strategy to reshape the processive movement of kinesin motors.

Present-day movement characteristics of the Qinghai Nanshan fault and its surrounding area from GPS observation

The Qinghai Nanshan fault is a larger fault in the Northeastern Xizang Plateau.In previous studies,its movement characteristics are mainly investigated with geological and seismic observations,and the tectonic transformation role of the fault on its east is not yet clear.This study uses data fusion to obtain denser GPS observations near the Qinghai Nanshan fault.Based on tectonic characteristics,we establish a block model to investigate the fault slip rate,locking degree,and slip deficit.The results show that the Qinghai Nanshan fault slip rate is characterized by sinistral and convergent movement.Both the sinistral and convergent rates display a decreasing trend from west to east.The locking degree and slip deficit are higher in the western segment(with an average of about 0.74 and 1.1 mm/a)and lower in the eastern segment.Then,we construct a strain rate field using GPS observations to analyze the regional strain characteristics.The results indicate that along the fault,the western segment shows a larger shear strain rate and negative dilation rate.Regional earthquake records show that the frequency of earthquakes is lower near the fault.The joint results suggest that the western segment may have a higher earthquake risk.In addition,the insignificant fault slip rate in the eastern segment may indicate that it does not participate in the tectonic transformation among the Riyueshan,Lajishan,and West Qinling faults.

Obtaining 2D Soil Geotechnical Profiles from Cokriging Interpolation of Sample Data and Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT)—Applications in Mass Movements Studies

Brazil annually faces significant challenges with mass movements, particularly in areas with poorly constructed housing, inadequate engineering, and lacking sanitation infrastructure. Campos do Jordão, in São Paulo state, is a city currently grappling with these issues. This paper details a study conducted within a pilot area in Campos do Jordão, where geophysical surveys and geotechnical borehole data were integrated. The geophysical surveys provided 2D profiles, and samples were collected to analyse soil moisture and plasticity. These datasets were combined using a Cokriging-based model to produce an accurate representation of the subsurface conditions. The enhanced modelling of subsurface variability facilitates a deeper understanding of soil behavior, which can be used to improve landslide risk assessments. This approach is innovative, particularly within the international context where similar studies often do not address the complexities associated with urban planning deficits such as those observed in some areas of Brazil. These conditions, including the lack of proper sanitation and irregular housing, significantly influence the geological stability of the region, adding layers of complexity to subsurface assessments. Adapting geotechnical evaluation methods to local challenges offers the potential to increase the efficacy and relevance of geological risk management in regions with similar socio-economic and urban characteristics.

Experimental study on the movement of oil spill under freeze-thaw action

Oil leakages cause environmental pollution,economic losses,and even engineering safety accidents.In cold regions,researchers urgently investigate the movement of oil spill in soils exposed to freeze-thaw cycles.In this study,a series of laboratory model experiments were carried out on the migration of oil leakage under freeze-thaw action,and the distributions of the soil temperature,unfrozen water content,and displacement were analyzed.The results showed that under freeze-thaw action,liquid water in soils migrated to the freezing front and accumulated.After the pipe cracked,oil pollutants first gathered at one side of the leak hole,and then moved around.The pipe wall temperature affected the soil temperature field,and the thermal influence range below and transverse the pipe wall(35–40 cm)was larger than that above the pipe wall(8 cm)owing to the soil surface temperature.The leaked oil's temperature would make the temperature of the surrounding soil rise.Oil would inhibit the cooling of the soils.Besides,oil migration was significantly affected by the gravity and water flow patterns.The freeze-thaw action would affect the migration of the oil,which was mainly manifested as inhibiting the diffusion and movement of oil when soils were frozen.Unfrozen water transport caused by freeze-thaw cycles would also inhibit oil migration.The research results would provide a scientific reference for understanding the relationship between the movement of oil pollutants,water,and soil temperature,and for establishing a waterheat-mass transport model in frozen soils.

Effect of different interventions on orthodontic tooth movement acceleration:A network meta-analysis

Objective: To explore the effectiveness of various interventions in accelerating tooth movement, a systematic review and net-work meta analysis were used to draw a conclusion. Methods: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Willey Library, EBSCO, Web of Science Databases, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases to identify relevant studies. ADDIS 1.16.6 and Stata 16.0 software were used for NMA. Results: Five thousand five hundred and forty-two articles were searched out. After screening by two independent investigators, forty-seven randomized controlled trials, 1 390 participants, were included in this network meta-analysis. A total of 11 interventions involving Piezocision (Piezo), Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT), Plate- let-rich plasma(PRP), Electromagnetic field(EF), Low intensity laser therapy(LLLT), Low intensity pulsed ultrasound(LI-PUS), Low-frequency vibrations(LFV), Distraction osteogenesis(DAD), Corticotomy(Corti), Microosteoperforations (MOPS), Traditional orthodontic(OT)were identified and classified into 3 classes including surgical treatment, non-surgical treatment and traditional orthodontic treatment. According to SUCRA probability ranking of the best intervention effect, when orthodontic treatment lasted for 1 month, PBMT (90.6%), Piezo(87.4%) and MOPs(73.6%)were the top three interventions to improve the efficiency of canine tooth movement. When orthodontic treatment lasted for 2 months, Corti (75.7%), Piezo (69.6%) and LFV(58.9%)were the top three interventions for improving the mobility efficiency of canine tooth movement. When orthodontic treatment lasted for 3 months, Cort (73.3%), LLLT(68.4%)and LFV(60.8%)were the top three interventions for improving the mobility efficiency of canine tooth movement. Conclusion: PBMT and Piezo can improve the efficiency of canine tooth movement significantly after 1 month, while Corti and LFV can improve the efficiency of canine tooth movement better after 2 and 3 months.

Movement Function Assessment Based on Human Pose Estimation from Multi-View

Human pose estimation is a basic and critical task in the field of computer vision that involves determining the position(or spatial coordinates)of the joints of the human body in a given image or video.It is widely used in motion analysis,medical evaluation,and behavior monitoring.In this paper,the authors propose a method for multi-view human pose estimation.Two image sensors were placed orthogonally with respect to each other to capture the pose of the subject as they moved,and this yielded accurate and comprehensive results of three-dimensional(3D)motion reconstruction that helped capture their multi-directional poses.Following this,we propose a method based on 3D pose estimation to assess the similarity of the features of motion of patients with motor dysfunction by comparing differences between their range of motion and that of normal subjects.We converted these differences into Fugl–Meyer assessment(FMA)scores in order to quantify them.Finally,we implemented the proposed method in the Unity framework,and built a Virtual Reality platform that provides users with human–computer interaction to make the task more enjoyable for them and ensure their active participation in the assessment process.The goal is to provide a suitable means of assessing movement disorders without requiring the immediate supervision of a physician.

On the Cooperation Between China and the Non-Aligned Movement in the Field of the Right to Development and its Prospects

China and the Non-Aligned Movement share the same goals,a common code of conduct,and similar ideas in protecting the right to development,and the two have a solid foundation for cooper-ation.Both emphasize that the right to development is a basic human right,strive to elevate the right to development to a mainstream hu-man right,and jointly advocate placing the right to development at the center of the agenda.They work together to enhance the strategic sta-tus of the right to development.Both of them have participated in the formulation of the Declaration on the Right to Development,and col-laborated to improve the Declaration.They have also jointly proposed the resolution on the right to development,and supported the drafting of the Convention on the Right to Development to advance the codifi-cation of the right to development.Both of them uphold South-South cooperation and promote North-South dialogue and cooperation.They have established a support mechanism to promote international cooperation on the right to development in a coordinated manner.The cooperation between China and the Non-Aligned Movement in pro-tecting the right to development has broken the past Western-centered paradigm of human rights development,broadened the international perspective of the human rights cause,and played a crucial role in the formation of international human rights norms.In the future,oppor-tunities and challenges coexist for cooperation between the two sides,with promising prospects.China’s cooperation with the Non-Aligned Movement in the protection of the right to development has accumulat-ed valuable and inspirational experiences for the human rights cause of developing countries and the building of the international human rights system.。