Letter from Li Peng Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, To China Society for Human Rights Studies

China Society for Human Rights Studies, I would like to extend my warm greetings to the launch of your Human Rights magazine. Enjoying human rights fully is a lofty goal long pursued after by human race. Over the years when they carried out revolution, construction and reforms, the Chinese people have struggled indomitably and strived incessantly to achieve this goal. Progress made in this regard has caught worldwide attention. When struggling for, safeguarding, promoting and developing human rights, the Chinese people have always combined the universality prin-

The Transformation of Environmental Governance from the Point of the Interaction between Government and National People's Congress

Taking cadmium pollution in X River as an example, the interaction between National People＇s Congress and local government was de- scribed. How the local government transforms its role in environment protection with the help of several deputies to National People＇s Congress was expounded from the angle of social construction, which also enlightened the way to build an environment protection road with Chinese characteristics.

Testative Discussion on how to be an Eligible Interpreter--Based on the People’s Republic of China of the National People’s Congress and Committee of the People’s Political Consultative Conference from 2012 to 2014

In recent years,with the rapid development of the Chinese economy,the“two sessions”in March of every year which sponsored by the ministry of foreign affairs attract more and more journalists from all over the world.The press conference in the“two sessions”likes an important window to show China’s policies and claims to the world.Meanwhile,the premier who answers questions in the press conference,respectively,shows the world the eloquence and polite manners of China’s premier,such as Premier Wen Jiabao and Premier Li Keqiang.Their astute response,excellent,and emotional expression makes a deep impression on audiences.Moreover,as a bridge between the speaker and the listeners,the interpretation once is incorrect will cause some mistakes even conflicts.Therefore,the interpreter plays a most important role in the press conference.How to improve the interpretation level in the press conference is a significant topic.The thesis mainly introduces the content of press conference interpreting from 2012 to 2014.At present,the practical study of press conference interpretation is far from enough.The last part gives the summary of the study and points out the main findings for the further study.

A State Leader,an Economist and a People's Representative——An exclusive interview with Mr. Cheng Siwei,former Vice-Chairman of the National People's Congress (NPC) and President of the Central Committee of the China National Democratic Construction Asso

In the midst of a stock frenzy in China and tight monetary policy carried out by the Chinese government, what knowledge can we glean from a respected state leader, an economist and a people representative?

Tibet:14 Years of Brilliant, Extraor Achievements——An interview with Raidi, vice-chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress

Tremendous changes have takenplace in Tibet under the state policy of reform andopening up to the outside world, especially over thepast 14 years since the Fourth Plenary Session of the13th Central Committee of the Chinese CommunistParty. Unprecedented are the development of the localeconomy, and so are the changes in the outlook ofcities and countryside in the region, and life of ethnicTibetan has kept improving.Raidi, vice-chairman of the Standing Committee ofthe National People's Congress (NPC), is a mostqualified eyewitness to these changes. He was born intoa serf's family before the Democratic Reform in thelate 1950s, and had worked on various leading posts inTibet before he was elected to NPC, China's highestlegislature. In July 1990, Jiang Zemin, then generalsecretary of the CPC Central Committee, cited Raidi asan example when speaking on the question of humanrights during an inspection tour of Lhasa. Said he,'What do human rights mean? Comrade Raidi, aformer serf, now works as the second most seniormember of the Chinese Communist Party Committee ofTibet Autonomous Region, his experiences bring outthe meaning of human rights. Aren't we justified topublicize that?'Following is a slightly abridged text of an interviewgiven by Raidi to our staff reporter on the eve of theNew Year's day, in which he talked about theachievements Tibet has made over the past 14 yearsand the Party's policy in Tibet.

Human Rights in China:Exploration and Development of Whole-process People’s Democracy

Whole-process people’s democracy represents a new exploration of socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era as well as a novel and important method for protecting the human rights of the Chinese people.It is conducive to solving a multitude of problems hindering the protection of civil rights and political rights.The greatest highlight of whole-process people’s democracy is that the people are the masters of their own country and exercise the power to govern the state through“extensive participation and consultation.”China’s experience and approaches in advancing whole-process people’s democracy provide a reference for other countries.

On the Establishment of Modern Medical System of Assimilating Advantages of Oriental Medicine and Western Medicine—A Speech by the Vice-Chairperson of the National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China,President of Chinese Medical Associatio

It is known to all that traditional Chinese medicine and pharmacy, as the summary of Chinese people fighting against various kinds of disease for thousands of years, has a summate theoretical system possessing the essence of Chinese classical philosophy, intensively reflects deep thinking and pondering of Chinese culture on the human being himself and dialectical relation between human and culture, making indelible contribution to the offspring reproduction and prosperity.

Decision of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress Regarding the Severe Punishment of Criminals Who Abduct and Traffic in or Kidnap Women or Children (Adopted at the 21st Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Seventh National People'

With a view to severely punishing criminals who abduct and traffic in or kidnap women or children so as to protect the personal safety of women and children and maintain the public security order, the relevant provisions of the Criminal Law are supplemented or amended as follows: 1. Whoever abducts and traffics in a woman or a child shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not less than five years and not more than ten years, and shall concurrently be punished with a

Congratulations from Prof.Han Qi-de,Vice-Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress,Chairman of China Association for Science and Technology

It is of my great pleasure to learn that the Third World Integrative Medicine Congress is about to be held in Guangzhou. rm writing to express my highest congratulations to the successful opening of the congress, as well as my cordial welcome to the experts and scholars around the world.

地方人大及其常委会监督地方监察机关的法治逻辑及展开路径

地方人大及其常委会监督地方监察机关具有严密的法治逻辑,既是人民代表大会制度的内在逻辑要求,也是强化对权力运行制约和监督的必然要求,还是对监督者再监督的题中之义。但由于监察权在我国新“四权”权力配置模式中处于优越地位,地方人大及其常委会监督地方监察机关还面临一些挑战和障碍。这就需要在正确认识和处理地方人大及其常委会监督与地方监察机关监察两者“异中有同”“相得益彰”关系的基础上,由地方人大及其常委会对地方监察机关开展“正确监督、有效监督、依法监督”,以实现地方人大及其常委会对地方监察机关监督的目的。

全国人大决定行权方式的全面规范化——以《中华人民共和国立法法》第68条为制度支点

全国人大决定行权方式的全面规范化是宪法全面实施的内在要求,因而其具有显著意义。2023年《中华人民共和国立法法》第68条特别规定,全国人大及其常委会作出“有关法律问题的决定”适用《中华人民共和国立法法》的有关规定。该适用规则成为全国人大决定行权方式全面规范化、制度化、程序化的一个最重要的制度支点。全国人大决定行权方式的规范化命题蕴含三个子议题:一是规范类型上,全国人大决定行权方式包含抽象规范性决定、具体规范性决定和政策性决定三种规范类型;二是效力原则上,效力分层原则、程序判断效力原则构成了全国人大决定行权方式复合效力原则的核心;三是拣选标准上,“形式与内容的合比例性”构成了全国人大拣选决定行使方式的总理据,经立法程序决定之拣选标准的本质是立法便宜主义的政策考量,非经立法程序决定的拣选标准首先要考虑法律保留原则。

彭真指导《民法通则》制定中的立法经验

《民法通则》的制定过程充满各种曲折、争议,作为组织者的彭真,一方面要从整体上制定符合时代需要的法律,另一方面也要平衡各种利益、需求以及不同观点。在立法中坚持一切从实际出发、发扬民主、与中央保持一致、发挥全国人大常委会的作用是几个重要的立法经验。这些立法经验对今天的立法工作仍有重要现实意义。

Xu Jialu: Chinese Culture Should Shoulder Its Own World Responsibilities

Xu Jialu,Vice Chairman of the Ninth and the Tenth Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress, is also a world-famous linguist and famed cultural scholar. He celebrated his 80th birthday in June this year. The author paid a special visit to the old scholar and talked about hot topics like Chinese culture, the global situation, the “Belt and Road” initiative etc. with him.

法治中国的话语表达

对于法治中国进行高水平的话语表达,不仅是中国法治体系建设的重要内容,而且关涉中国的国家形象。在中国历史上法治观念和传统总体淡薄、民间对法治话语表达存在一些误解的情况下,推动法治话语的建设和高水平的表达,能够回应和推动中国社会治理的深刻变革,助力民族振兴,推进国家治理现代化。当前,中国法治话语的核心要素包括坚持中国共产党的核心领导地位、坚持人民的主体性与主导性、体现知变应变求变的革新精神、彰显理念确立与规范完善的进程、体现法律与道德对治理结构的融合、展示法治中国的全球理念与世界担当。为了有效地向国内和国际社会表达包含上述核心要素的中国法治话语,需要强化中国法治话语表达的生动性,凸显表达的受众友好性,注重话语表述的适当态度,尤其是要通过完善法学教育培养表达中国法治话语的人才队伍。法治话语的高水平表达是建构良好的中国形象、提升中国软实力的重要途径,它不仅需要我们高度重视,而且有赖于各专业领域的通力合作。

论《香港国安法》的原意解释

《香港国安法》被列入《香港基本法》附件三全国性法律在香港地区特别行政区以公布方式实施,全国人大常委会依照宪法和法律在实施中作出关于《香港国安法》第14条和第47条的解释。《香港国安法》明确规定了全国人大常委会的法律解释权,而且全国人大常委会作出的法律解释同法律具有同等效力,其解释内容是特别行政区法律制度的重要组成部分。在内地法律解释体制中,原意解释是全国人大常委会作出法律解释时通常使用的方法,这是由法律解释的制度功能所决定的。在实践中,全国人大常委会也是以原意解释方法作出关于《香港国安法》相关条文的解释。

试论党的二十大报告中“人民”一词的三重含义

在中国共产党第二十次全国代表大会报告中,“人民”是使用频率最高的词之一。“人民”一词在党的二十大报告中的高频次使用,既充分彰显了以习近平同志为核心的党中央领导集体对人民群众作为历史创造者、历史进步的推动者以及社会主义中国的真正主人身份的认同与重视,也体现了习近平总书记对人民权力、人民利益、人民幸福等问题的高度关注。整体地看,党的二十大报告中“人民”一词主要有三个维度的含义:首先,作为主体的“人民”,“人民”是党和国家事业的绝对主体,是社会主义国家一切权力的合法性来源——中华人民共和国的一切权力属于人民,还是社会主义中国的主人。其次,“人民”既是中华民族文化共同体的成员,又是人类命运共同体的成员。最后,在全过程人民民主制度中,“人民”的身份、地位与作用充分彰显了中国特色社会主义的本质。“人民”概念的这三个维度并非各不相干,而是有着高度的一致性。它们既充分遵循了习近平总书记“人民至上”“以人民为中心”的基本发展思想,又从人民观的维度指明了中国特色社会主义建设与发展应遵循的原则、目标、任务与实践要求。

凝心聚力,奔赴教育高质量发展的远大前程——深入学习贯彻党的二十大报告的教育新部署

党的二十大报告首次把教育、科技和人才放在一个篇章下论述,并将其作为社会民生问题的重要领域进行了深入阐释,深刻体现了党和国家对教育事业在新时代下高质量发展的清晰认识和全面考量。在新时代的发展背景下,针对二十大报告中的教育论述和教育思想进行深入的分析和阐述,从“教科人”三位一体战略、办人民满意的教育、为党育人为国育才战略、教育优先发展战略、教育高质量发展、教育强国战略等6个方面对历史发展新时期下党的教育方针进行深刻揭示,为进一步深入理解和落实二十大精神,全面推进教育领域革新与发展提供一定的理论支撑和政策参考。

论全过程人民民主的法治保障

法治是民主的应有之义与重要保障。作为中国式现代化的民主范式,经由法治保障的全过程人民民主具备超越西式民主的制度优势,将法治嵌入全过程人民民主的理论与实践需要融贯法治规范、法治思维与法治价值。全过程人民民主以人民代表大会制度为基本载体,通过完善人大立法体系、优化人大职权体系、健全人大职权运行程序保障民主机制运行;以法治规范体系为基本框架,构建以宪法为核心,通过构建丰富多元的民主法律体系与健全党内民主法规以确保民主的合法性、程序性;以法治运行体系为主要内容,依托民主监督、基层民主、社会民主建设保障民主参与有序进行。

新时代地方变通立法的创新与规制——以授权上海制定浦东新区法规为视角

浦东新区法规是全国人大常委会通过授权决定创设的新型地方性法规,旨在比照经济特区法规,在非经济特区的浦东变通适用法律和行政法规,为我国地方变通立法制度开创了重要先例。从创设依据看,尽管在授权时缺少《立法法》的直接依据,但总体上遵循了宪法的职权范围和央地国家机构职权划分原则,与宪法序言精神相契合,因而具备必要的合宪性基础。鉴于变通立法与法制统一原则的内在紧张关系,法规的制定应当严控准入门槛,准确把握权限范围与变通幅度,建立健全备案审查和自我监督机制,着力实现预留创新空间、严守法治底线的总体目标与核心要求。