New Moral Subjects: Walking the Line Between Autonomy and Automaton

The question of“new moral subjects”arises today in connection with the use of advanced technologies in the context of Industry 4.0,i.e.,the industrial enterprise investing in smart factories,co-robotic,additive manufacturing,augmented reality,cyber security,big data,etc.Industry 4.0 underpins what is being heralded as Industry 5.0.Technologies in this field excel in that they are not used for the mere execution of processes designed,programmed,and controlled by man,but are applied to realise“autonomously”goals in the industrial context.Consequently,their degree of automation is no longer defined by increasing independence from human beings,but by the ability to spontaneously initiate a process and implement it to useful effect.The comparison between man and machine,and the justification for the introduction of“new moral subjects”thus crucially depend on the location of“moral being”in the reference to their“autonomy”as a property characterising the“subject man”,but not the exclusive prerogative of the latter.

Creating the Role of Rural Teachers as New Rural Sages under the Background of Rural Revitalization Based on Organizational Change and Planned Happenstance Theories

In the context of rural revitalization,people are re-examining the issue of creating the role of teachers as“new rural sages”.However,most of previous studies ignored the school organizational change in the process of reform.The planned happenstance suggests that teachers should maintain a positive mindset about the eventualities in their careers.Based on the organizational change theory,this paper gave some advice to help teachers in playing a role of new rural sages:①rooting in local culture and enhancing teachers’sense of belonging,②providing compensation for teachers in a targeted way,and③providing a comprehensive and objective evaluation mechanism for ensuring teachers’participation in social governance.

An Exploratory Study of the Interpersonal Meanings of President Xi’s New Year Speech Based on Appraisal Theory

The research examines President Xi’s 2021 New Year speech with research questions centering around its abundant interpersonal meanings.Through qualitative content analysis,the research finds that it is typical for Chinese president to frequently use judgment and appreciation resources in reviewing the past year.Even in the face of the pandemic and natural disasters,the overall emotions of the speech remain positive,which corresponds to the forward-looking feature of New Year speech.Significance of the study abounds and future research can investigate how COVID-19 impacts the ideologies conveyed through political leaders’speeches through a comparative lens and how to produce more understandings that can help dismantle stereotypes and discrimination hidden in reports about COVID-19 by using Appraisal Theory critically,systematically,and comprehensively.

Research on New Media Marketing Strategy of Quzhou Jianglang Mountain Scenic Spot Based on 4R Marketing Theory

With the increasing popularity of new media,new media marketing plays an increasingly important role in the marketing of tourism scenic spots,bringing a new marketing opportunity to tourism scenic spots.Based on the 4R theory in marketing theory,this paper takes Quzhou Jianglang Mountain as the research object and finds that the following problems exist in the new media marketing of Quzhou Jianglang Mountain:1.The new media users are not closely enough connected;2.the response to the new media market changes is not fast enough;3.the new media marketing relationship interaction is not timely enough;and 4.the return of new media marketing is not ideal.The new media marketing strategy of Quzhou Jianglang Mountain Scenic Spot is proposed from four perspectives:association,reaction,relationship,and return.Finally,the research on the new media marketing strategy of Quzhou Jianglang Mountain Scenic Spot based on the 4R theory is summarized.

A Comparison of New General System Theory Philosophy With Einstein and Bohr

The New General System theory was developed to be a theory of everything for complex systems within the world we can observe.This theory was constructed by supplementing a new mind-ether ontology into Bertalanffy’s general system theory framework.This theory is basically a generalization of classical mechanics rather than a revolution to it taken both by Einstein and Bohr in developing their relativity theory and quantum mechanics.The purpose of this paper is to reveal the reasons why Einstein and many others fail to unify relativity theory with quantum mechanics through comparing the main differences in philosophical opinions among NGST,Einstein,and Bohr.It is the hope of the authors that this clarification could speed up the unification process.

On News Language from the Perspective of Pragmatics——By Applying Adaption Theory

News is an important medium to transmit social information and reflect social reality. Its effects are irreplaceable and the news language which is a carrier to spread information is in fact influenced by many factors such as society, economy and culture. In order to exert its function to gain different social ends, the presentation of news language owns distinguishing features. This article starts from Verschueren's Adaption Theory to have the final conclusion that the adaption to the social, mental and physical world is the key element for the determination of the originality in news language.

The new basic theory on Quaternary environmental research

On the basis of extensive survey to the Quaternary paleosols, soils and weathering layers in the vast northern China and the Loess Plateau, we found some unusually special phenomena of chemical components such as unsuccessive illuvium, twin illuviums, unusually thick illuvium and multi-illuviums etc. According to the analysis on the content of CaCO 3 and the data of penetrating experiment, a new theory of illuvial depth or removal depth of CaCO 3 in weathering and leaching belt was constructed, which indicates that the time of CaCO 3 removing to the illuvial depth is very short, and the effect of time factor on illuvial depth can be ignored. The theory can be taken as a credible foundation for studying many geological and geographical problems in weathering and leaching belt. When the illuvial depth of CaCO 3 is bigger than the thickness of developing belt of soil or paleosol, it can be determined that the paleosol has turned into weathering crust. When the illuvial depth of CaCO 3 is bigger than the thickness of paleosol, paleosol is leaching moderately acid soil. When two, three layers or unusually thick CaCO 3 illuviums exist in the same weathering section or at the bottom of the same paleosol, there were two or more periods forming paleosol and corresponding climatic stages at that time. On the basis of the equation of relationship between mean annual rainfall (y) and illuvial depth of CaCO 3 (x) (y = 305.5x + 168.5) determined in the paper, mean annual precipitation during the development of paleosol can be calculated.

MESHING THEORY AND DESIGN METHOD OF NEW SILENT CHAIN AND SPROCKET

Based on the study of the meshing theory of a new silent chain and sprockets, and the rolling cutting theory of sprocket and hob, the harmonious relations of dominating dimensions among the new silent chain, sprocket and hob is build, the meshing conditions are expatiated, and the resolved expression, which can instruct design and calculation, is educed. The tests show that the meshing design method is feasible.

Study of algorithms of new slender ship theory of wave resistance

In this paper, Noblesse's New Slender-Ship Wave-Making Theory was investigated numerically. Detailed expressions of zeroth and lst order wave resistance have been derived and calculation programs have also been compiled. In the single and double integral terms of Green function, the kernel function of wave resistance expression, special function expansion method and Chebyshev polynomials approach have been adopted respectively, which greatly simplify the calculation and increase the convergence speed.

Re-examination of the Two-Body Problem Using Our New General System Theory

It is well-known that philosophical conflicts exist among classical mechanics,quantum mechanics and relativistic mechanics.In order to use the framework of general system theory to unify these three mechanics subjects,a new general system theory is developed based on a new ontology of ether and minds as the fundamental existences in the world.The two-body problem is the simplest model in mechanics and in this paper,it is re-examined by using our new general system theory.It is found that the current description of the classical full two-body problem is inappropriate since the observer and the measurement apparatus have not been explicitly considered.After considering these,it is actually a three-body problem while only the special case of the Kepler problem is the two-body problem.By introducing the concepts of psychic force and psychic field,all the possible movement states in the two-body problem can be explained within the framework of classical mechanics.There is no need to change the meanings of many fundamental concepts,such as time,space,matter,mass,and energy as done in quantum mechanics and relativity theory.This points out a new direction for the unification of different theories.

New Perspective for the Philosophy of Religion: New Era Theory, Religion and Science

In this article,author expressed the meaning of“belief”,possible effective factors in human life,and how these factors can be effective on person and/or communities.With this respect,the meaning of religion,the possible interaction and relation between religion and science evaluated.42 past/present theories of religion and evaluation of the past/present works of the 87 philosophers of religion are explained.Author considered new synthesis(R-Synthesis),and also new era philosophy,new and re-constructed branches of philosophy,and some systems/constructions to express the new perspective for philosophy of religion.Author applied 27(+)possible definitive/certain result cases of the synthesis for R-Religion discipline specifically,and did the followings under new perspective:(i)eliminated some religious subjects,(ii)unified some religious subjects,(iii)modified some religious subjects,(iv)united some religious subjects in upper phase,(v)separated some religious subject,(vi)defined all religious subjects under one framework,(vii)integrated all religious subjects,(viii)defined new religious subjects,(ix)re-defined some religious subjects,(x)removed some religious subjects and put new religious subjects instead,(xi)added some religious subjects,(xii)kept/protected some religious subjects,(xiii)proposed progression for religious subjects,(xiv)changed the priority of some religious subjects,(xv)increased the importance of some religious subjects,(xvi)strengthened the ethics,(xvii)integrated philosophy branches under one framework,(xviii)others.Some of the purposes of this article are:(i)to define new synthesis method,(ii)to define good and/or correct new perspective and structure for philosophy of religion,science of religion,theories of religion,and related subjects,(iii)to extend the definition/limits of philosophy of religion with new perspective,(iv)others.As result of the synthesis,new perspective for philosophy of religion explained by considering the following concepts/sections:(a)theories of religion,(b)17 upper constructional philosophies and philosophy of religion,(c)eight complementary branches of philosophy of religion,(d)14 lower constructional philosophies and philosophy of religion,(e)science of religion,(f)new theory of religion and its relations with other disciplines.Author defined New Era Theory,New Era Religion,New Era Belief,Progressive Religion and their relations with other religions,beliefs,religious/non-religious movements,and the relation with other theories of religion.Also,power authorities and functional position levels in the New Era Belief,and Religion of God,Knowledge of God/gods,Nature of God/gods concepts are explained generally/specifically.

A new oil spill detection algorithm based on Dempster-Shafer evidence theory

Features of oil spills and look-alikes in polarimetric synthetic aperture radar(SAR)images always play an important role in oil spill detection.Many oil spill detection algorithms have been implemented based on these features.Although environmental factors such as wind speed are important to distinguish oil spills and look-alikes,some oil spill detection algorithms do not consider the environmental factors.To distinguish oil spills and look-alikes more accurately based on environmental factors and image features,a new oil spill detection algorithm based on Dempster-Shafer evidence theory was proposed.The process of oil spill detection taking account of environmental factors was modeled using the subjective Bayesian model.The Faster-region convolutional neural networks(RCNN)model was used for oil spill detection based on the convolution features.The detection results of the two models were fused at decision level using Dempster-Shafer evidence theory.The establishment and test of the proposed algorithm were completed based on our oil spill and look-alike sample database that contains 1798 image samples and environmental information records related to the image samples.The analysis and evaluation of the proposed algorithm shows a good ability to detect oil spills at a higher detection rate,with an identifi cation rate greater than 75%and a false alarm rate lower than 19%from experiments.A total of 12 oil spill SAR images were collected for the validation and evaluation of the proposed algorithm.The evaluation result shows that the proposed algorithm has a good performance on detecting oil spills with an overall detection rate greater than 70%.

The prescription rule analysis of the New Theory on Spleen Dampness Syndrome by Academician TONG Xiaolin

Objective To analyze the basic characteristics,drug features,prescription rules,and drug-symptom relationships of patients in the splenic deficiency and impairment stage,by data mining of medical records under the New Theory on Spleen Dampness Syndrome(Pi Dan Xin Lun,《脾瘅新论》).Methods Medical records listed in the“New Theory on Spleen Dampness Syndrome-Under-standing and Treatment of Metabolic Syndrome from the Perspective of Traditional Chinese Medicine”,and which were diagnosed with the spleen dampness syndrome at the splenic de-ficiency and impairment stage,during January 2004 and December 2016 were selected.These patients’data,including basic information,clinical symptoms,laboratory examination res-ults,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)and western medicine diagnoses,treatment meth-ods,prescriptions,etc.,were collected.The collected data were subsequently compiled into a medical record database using the Epidata 3.1 data management software,followed by the use of Apriori algorithm provided in the SPSS Modeler 14.2 statistical software to investigate the association rules between drug-drug,drug-symptom,and drug-western medicine indices.Results(i)A total of 51 medical records were included,involving 17 types of syndromes.Among them,the top three with frequency≥3 included“Phlegm and blood stasis,and thoracic obstruction”“Deficiency-weakness of the spleen Qi,and static blood blocking collat-erals”,and“Deficiency-weakness of the spleen Qi,and static blood blocking collaterals”.Al-ternatively,of the 14 treatment methods,the top three treatments with frequency of≥3 in-cluded“Activating Yang and eliminating turbidity,and removing phlegm and dredging chan-nel blockage”“Strengthening the spleen and benefiting Qi,and eliminating phlegm to activ-ate the channels”,and“Warming Yang and benefiting Qi,and expelling cold to remove ob-structions”.Among the 15 prescriptions,the top three used with frequency≥3 included Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu Tang(黄芪桂枝五物汤),Gualou Xiebai Banxia Tang(瓜蒌薤白半夏汤),and Ganjiang Huangqin Huanglian Renshen Tang(干姜黄芩黄连人参汤).Lastly,of the 83 drugs used for a total of 476 times,those with frequency≥15 included Huanglian(Coptid-is Rhizoma),Huangqi(Astragali Radix),Jiudahuang(Wine-processed Rhei Radix et Rhizoma),Jixueteng(Spatholobi Caulis),Shengjiang(Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens),Huangqin(Scutellariae Radix),and Guizhi(Cinnamomi Ramulus).(ii)For the drug-drug associations,under the criteria of support≥15%and confidence=100%,seven second-order association rules,seven third-order rules,and six fourth-order roles were identified.The top-ranking rule of each was“Huangqin(Scutellariae Radix)→Huanglian(Coptidis Rhizoma)”“Ganjiang(Zingiberis Rhizoma)+Huangqin(Scutellariae Radix)→Huanglian(Coptidis Rhizoma)”,and“Baishao(Paeoniae Radix Alba)+Guizhi(Cinnamomi Ramulus)+Jixueteng(Spatho-lobi Caulis)→Huangqin(Scutellariae Radix)”,respectively.Alternatively,the drug-symptom associations were analyzed under the criteria of support≥5%and confidence=100%,which derived eight second-order association rules,31 third-order rules,and 30 fourth-order rules.The top-ranking association rule of each order was“Huangqi(Astragali Radix)→Limb ed-ema”“Guizhi(Cinnamomi Ramulus)+Jixueteng(Spatholobi Caulis)→Limb numbness and pain”,and“Guizhi(Cinnamomi Ramulus)+Jixueteng(Spatholobi Caulis)+Huangqi(As-tragali Radix)→Limb numbness and pain”,respectively.Similarly,the drug-western medi-cine index associations were investigated under the criteria of support≥5%and confidence=100%,and five second-order association rules,16 third-order rules,and 16 fourth-order rules were identified.In this category,the top-ranking association rule of each order was“Qinpi(Fraxini Cortex)→Uric acid”“Huanglian(Coptidis Rhizoma)+Ganjiang(Zingiberis Rhizoma)→Glycated hemoglobin”,and“Huanglian(Coptidis Rhizoma)+Ganjiang(Zing-iberis Rhizoma)+Huangqin(Scutellariae Radix)→Glycated hemoglobin”,respectively.Conclusion Through association rule mining,this study objectively and quantitatively demonstrated the drug-drug,drug-symptom,and drug-physicochemical index associations of patients with the spleen dampness syndrome at the splenic deficiency and impairment stage treated by Academician TONG Xiaolin.The results indicated that treatment for these patients adopted the“state-target”syndrome differentiation method.The drug combination was characterized by“small prescriptions”,targeting both the patient’s symptoms and signs(syndrome target)and western medicine indices(treatment target).This study could provide references for future research on the academic thoughts and medical experience of Academi-cian TONG Xiaolin.

A New Understanding of the Dielectric Breakdown Theory from the Study of Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation of Carbon Steel

Schematic illustration of the PEO of the carbon steel in 8 g·L^-1 NaAlO2+2 g·L^-1 NaH 2PO4:(a)the sample before the application of anodic current,(b)the moment after the application of anodic current,(c)the deposition of an aluminum phosphates or AAP layer on the steel surface,(d)the initiation of plasma discharges through the breakdown of the dielectric layer,(e)stable discharges at later stage of PEO.

New ternary superconducting compound LaRu2As2： Physical properties from density functional theory calculations

In this paper, we perform the density functional theory （DFT） -based calculations by the first-principles pseudopo- tential method to investigate the physical properties of the newly discovered superconductor LaRu2As2 for the first time. The optimized structural parameters are in good agreement with the experimental results. The calculated independent elas- tic constants ensure the mechanical stability of the compound. The calculated Cauchy pressure, Pugh＇s ratio as well as Poisson＇s ratio indicate that LaRu2As2 should behave as a ductile material. Due to low Debye temperature, LaRu2As2 may be used as a thermal barrier coating （TBC） material. The new compound should exhibit metallic nature as its valence bands overlap considerably with the conduction bands. LaRu2As2 is expected to be a soft material and easily machinable because of its low hardness value of 6.8 GPa. The multi-band nature is observed in the calculated Fermi surface. A highly anisotropic combination of ionic, covalent and metallic interactions is expected to be in accordance with charge density calculation.

Application Experience of Moist Wound Healing Theory Combined with Modern New Dressings in the Treatment of Pressure Ulcers

Objective:Research on the effect of moist wound healing theory in a combination with modern new dressing treatment in patients diagnosed with pressure ulcers.Method:Selected 30 patients with pressure ulcers from our hospital,which is Shandong Tai an Municipal Hospital,from January 2019 to January 2021 were divided into experimental group(15 cases,treated with moist wound healing theory combined with modern new dressings)and control group(15 cases,applied conventional treatments).The treatment effect,time of wound edema subsidence,wound healing time,number of dressing changes,granulation tissue growth time,and diameter reduction time were compared between the two groups.Results:The total effective rate of the experimental group(93.33%,14/15)was higher than that of the control group(53.33%,8/15),P<0.05;the time to subsidence of wound edema in the experimental group was(3.11±0.22),and the time for wound healing was(12.78±0.45),the number of dressing changes(7.13±0.34)times,the growth time of granulation tissue(5.43±2.22),the diameter reduction time(6.25±3.75),compared with the control group,P<0.05.Conclusion:In the clinical treatment of patients diagnosed with pressure ulcers,the effective combination of moist healing theory and modern new dressing therapy has significant effects,whereby it speeds up the healing process of the pressure ulcers,and it is proven to be worthy to be promoted for usage.

Origin of Petroleum: A New Theory of Its Formation

Petroleum is not a production of direct transformation of organic material into kerogen or oil. Sea organics can’t form such huge oil fields, since these sea creatures will either be consumed by bigger ones or decayed after few days. Farther more these sea animals consist of several components, such as proteins, scales, bones, and minerals, which could not be changed into oil. These should be seen as oil contamination, and we know that oil is relatively very pure hydrocarbon. Using methane as a primary component in the process of petroleum formation is a logical possibility for several reasons. Methane is quite abundant in nature, since the creation of the globe until these days. Furthermore, methane could be transformed into the different components of the crude oil by polymerization. Methane is highly pure hydrocarbon producing highly pure oil components. Methane could migrate easier than kerogen, and be collected in the methane traps (oil traps), since it behaves like water seeping into the lower beds. By mild heat and pressure at the depth methane polymers (oil components) will be formed. Oil is considered to be formed in-situ and not as mentioned in the organic theory, migrating from the kitchen to the oil trap. All the above point of views will be discussing in detail. Alternative ideas which are more logical and more acceptable will be suggested, and it will be the new progress concerning the origin of petroleum, its exploration, and localization.

A New View on Teaching Motivation Self-determination Theory

Self-determination Theory categorises motivation into three broad types： amotivation, extrinsic motivation, and intrinsic motivation according to the level of self-determination. This theory argues that people＇s motivation is a developmental process across time and place. Furthermore, it emphasizes that three basic psychological needs--a need for competence, a need for autonomy, and a need for relatedness--are the nutriments of motivation. Thus, as this theory not only concerns the type of motivation, but also the circumstances that promote and maintain motivation, it offers insight to the nature of lecturers＇ motivation. It is claimed to be one of the most influential theories in contemporary motivation psychology

Call for Papers:Special Issue on "Recent Advances and New Directions in Switched Control Systems" ——Jounal of Control Theory and Application

Recently, switched control systems have been attracting much attention m the control community because the problems are not only academically challenging for the inherent complexity, but also of practical importance due to its wide ranges of applications in nature, engineering, and social sciences.