近年来,使用恶意Excel 4.0宏(XLM)文档的攻击迎来了爆发,而XLM代码往往经过复杂的混淆,现有方法或检测系统难以分析海量样本的真实功能。因此,针对恶意样本中使用的各类混淆技术,基于抽象语法树和模拟执行,设计和实现了包含138个宏函数...近年来,使用恶意Excel 4.0宏(XLM)文档的攻击迎来了爆发,而XLM代码往往经过复杂的混淆,现有方法或检测系统难以分析海量样本的真实功能。因此,针对恶意样本中使用的各类混淆技术,基于抽象语法树和模拟执行,设计和实现了包含138个宏函数处理程序的自动化XLM反混淆与关键威胁指标(IOC,indicators of compromise)提取系统XLMRevealer;在此基础上,根据XLM代码特点提取Word和Token特征,通过特征融合能够捕获多层次细粒度特征,并在XLMRevealer中构造CNN-BiLSTM(convolution neural network-bidirectional long short term memory)模型,从不同维度挖掘家族样本的关联性和完成家族分类。最后,从5个来源构建包含2346个样本的数据集并用于反混淆实验和家族分类实验。实验结果表明,XLMRevealer的反混淆成功率达到71.3%,相比XLMMacroDeobfuscator和SYMBEXCEL工具分别提高了20.8%和15.8%;反混淆效率稳定,平均耗时仅为0.512 s。XLMRevealer对去混淆XLM代码的家族分类准确率高达94.88%,效果优于所有基线模型,有效体现Word和Token特征融合的优势。此外,为探索反混淆对家族分类的影响,并考虑不同家族使用的混淆技术可能有所不同,模型会识别到混淆技术的特征,分别对反混淆前和反混淆后再统一混淆的XLM代码进行实验,家族分类准确率为89.58%、53.61%,证明模型能够学习混淆技术特征,更验证了反混淆对家族分类极大的促进作用。展开更多
Decision-making and motion planning are extremely important in autonomous driving to ensure safe driving in a real-world environment.This study proposes an online evolutionary decision-making and motion planning frame...Decision-making and motion planning are extremely important in autonomous driving to ensure safe driving in a real-world environment.This study proposes an online evolutionary decision-making and motion planning framework for autonomous driving based on a hybrid data-and model-driven method.First,a data-driven decision-making module based on deep reinforcement learning(DRL)is developed to pursue a rational driving performance as much as possible.Then,model predictive control(MPC)is employed to execute both longitudinal and lateral motion planning tasks.Multiple constraints are defined according to the vehicle’s physical limit to meet the driving task requirements.Finally,two principles of safety and rationality for the self-evolution of autonomous driving are proposed.A motion envelope is established and embedded into a rational exploration and exploitation scheme,which filters out unreasonable experiences by masking unsafe actions so as to collect high-quality training data for the DRL agent.Experiments with a high-fidelity vehicle model and MATLAB/Simulink co-simulation environment are conducted,and the results show that the proposed online-evolution framework is able to generate safer,more rational,and more efficient driving action in a real-world environment.展开更多
Accurate trajectory prediction of surrounding road users is the fundamental input for motion planning,which enables safe autonomous driving on public roads.In this paper,a safe motion planning approach is proposed bas...Accurate trajectory prediction of surrounding road users is the fundamental input for motion planning,which enables safe autonomous driving on public roads.In this paper,a safe motion planning approach is proposed based on the deep learning-based trajectory prediction method.To begin with,a trajectory prediction model is established based on the graph neural network(GNN)that is trained utilizing the INTERACTION dataset.Then,the validated trajectory prediction model is used to predict the future trajectories of surrounding road users,including pedestrians and vehicles.In addition,a GNN prediction model-enabled motion planner is developed based on the model predictive control technique.Furthermore,two driving scenarios are extracted from the INTERACTION dataset to validate and evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed motion planning approach,i.e.,merging and roundabout scenarios.The results demonstrate that the proposed method can lower the risk and improve driving safety compared with the baseline method.展开更多
In community planning,due to the lack of evidence regarding the selection of media tools,this study examines how a common but differentiated ideal speech situation can be created as well as how more appropriate media ...In community planning,due to the lack of evidence regarding the selection of media tools,this study examines how a common but differentiated ideal speech situation can be created as well as how more appropriate media tools can be defined and selected in the community planning process.First,this study describes the concept and theoretical basis of media used in community planning from the perspectives of the multiple effects of media evolution on communicative planning.Second,the classification criteria and typical characteristics of media tools used to support community planning are clarified from three dimensions:acceptability,cost effectiveness,and applicability.Third,strategies for applying media tools in the four phases of communicative planning-namely,state analysis,problem identification,contradictory solution and optimization-are described.Finally,trends in the development of media tools for community planning are explored in terms of multistakeholder engagement,supporting scientific decision-making and multiple-type media integration.The results provide a reference for developing more inclusive,effective,and appropriate media tools for enhancing decision-making capacity and modernizing governance in community planning and policy-making processes.展开更多
BACKGROUND Gastric ulcers(GUs)have a high risk of clinical morbidity and recurrence,and further exploration is needed for the prevention,diagnosis,and treatment of the disease.AIM To investigated the effects of a diet...BACKGROUND Gastric ulcers(GUs)have a high risk of clinical morbidity and recurrence,and further exploration is needed for the prevention,diagnosis,and treatment of the disease.AIM To investigated the effects of a diet plan on pepsinogen(PG)I,PG II,gastrin-17(G-17)levels and nutritional status in patients with GUs.METHODS A total of 100 patients with GUs treated between May 2022 and May 2023 were enrolled,with 47 patients in the control group receiving routine nursing and 53 patients in the experimental group receiving dietary nursing intervention based on a diet plan.The study compared the two groups in terms of nursing efficacy,adverse events(vomiting,acid reflux,and celialgia),time to symptom improvement(burning sensation,acid reflux,and celialgia),gastric function(PG I,PG II,and G-17 levels),and nutritional status[prealbumin(PA)and albumin(ALB)levels].RESULTS The experimental group showed a markedly higher total effective rate of nursing,a significantly lower incidence of adverse events,and a shorter time to symptom improvement than the control group.Additionally,the experimental group’s post-intervention PG I,PG II,and G-17 levels were significantly lower than preintervention or control group levels,whereas PA and ALB levels were significantly higher.CONCLUSION The diet plan significantly reduced PG I,PG II,and G-17 levels in patients with GUs and significantly improved their nutritional status.展开更多
文摘近年来,使用恶意Excel 4.0宏(XLM)文档的攻击迎来了爆发,而XLM代码往往经过复杂的混淆,现有方法或检测系统难以分析海量样本的真实功能。因此,针对恶意样本中使用的各类混淆技术,基于抽象语法树和模拟执行,设计和实现了包含138个宏函数处理程序的自动化XLM反混淆与关键威胁指标(IOC,indicators of compromise)提取系统XLMRevealer;在此基础上,根据XLM代码特点提取Word和Token特征,通过特征融合能够捕获多层次细粒度特征,并在XLMRevealer中构造CNN-BiLSTM(convolution neural network-bidirectional long short term memory)模型,从不同维度挖掘家族样本的关联性和完成家族分类。最后,从5个来源构建包含2346个样本的数据集并用于反混淆实验和家族分类实验。实验结果表明,XLMRevealer的反混淆成功率达到71.3%,相比XLMMacroDeobfuscator和SYMBEXCEL工具分别提高了20.8%和15.8%;反混淆效率稳定,平均耗时仅为0.512 s。XLMRevealer对去混淆XLM代码的家族分类准确率高达94.88%,效果优于所有基线模型,有效体现Word和Token特征融合的优势。此外,为探索反混淆对家族分类的影响,并考虑不同家族使用的混淆技术可能有所不同,模型会识别到混淆技术的特征,分别对反混淆前和反混淆后再统一混淆的XLM代码进行实验,家族分类准确率为89.58%、53.61%,证明模型能够学习混淆技术特征,更验证了反混淆对家族分类极大的促进作用。
基金the financial support of the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020AAA0108100)the Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project(2021SHZDZX0100)the Shanghai Gaofeng and Gaoyuan Project for University Academic Program Development for funding。
文摘Decision-making and motion planning are extremely important in autonomous driving to ensure safe driving in a real-world environment.This study proposes an online evolutionary decision-making and motion planning framework for autonomous driving based on a hybrid data-and model-driven method.First,a data-driven decision-making module based on deep reinforcement learning(DRL)is developed to pursue a rational driving performance as much as possible.Then,model predictive control(MPC)is employed to execute both longitudinal and lateral motion planning tasks.Multiple constraints are defined according to the vehicle’s physical limit to meet the driving task requirements.Finally,two principles of safety and rationality for the self-evolution of autonomous driving are proposed.A motion envelope is established and embedded into a rational exploration and exploitation scheme,which filters out unreasonable experiences by masking unsafe actions so as to collect high-quality training data for the DRL agent.Experiments with a high-fidelity vehicle model and MATLAB/Simulink co-simulation environment are conducted,and the results show that the proposed online-evolution framework is able to generate safer,more rational,and more efficient driving action in a real-world environment.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52222215,52072051)Chongqing Municipal Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.CSTB2023NSCQ-JQX0003).
文摘Accurate trajectory prediction of surrounding road users is the fundamental input for motion planning,which enables safe autonomous driving on public roads.In this paper,a safe motion planning approach is proposed based on the deep learning-based trajectory prediction method.To begin with,a trajectory prediction model is established based on the graph neural network(GNN)that is trained utilizing the INTERACTION dataset.Then,the validated trajectory prediction model is used to predict the future trajectories of surrounding road users,including pedestrians and vehicles.In addition,a GNN prediction model-enabled motion planner is developed based on the model predictive control technique.Furthermore,two driving scenarios are extracted from the INTERACTION dataset to validate and evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed motion planning approach,i.e.,merging and roundabout scenarios.The results demonstrate that the proposed method can lower the risk and improve driving safety compared with the baseline method.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China under the theme“Key technologies for urban sustainable development evaluation and decision-making support”[Grant No.2022YFC3802900].
文摘In community planning,due to the lack of evidence regarding the selection of media tools,this study examines how a common but differentiated ideal speech situation can be created as well as how more appropriate media tools can be defined and selected in the community planning process.First,this study describes the concept and theoretical basis of media used in community planning from the perspectives of the multiple effects of media evolution on communicative planning.Second,the classification criteria and typical characteristics of media tools used to support community planning are clarified from three dimensions:acceptability,cost effectiveness,and applicability.Third,strategies for applying media tools in the four phases of communicative planning-namely,state analysis,problem identification,contradictory solution and optimization-are described.Finally,trends in the development of media tools for community planning are explored in terms of multistakeholder engagement,supporting scientific decision-making and multiple-type media integration.The results provide a reference for developing more inclusive,effective,and appropriate media tools for enhancing decision-making capacity and modernizing governance in community planning and policy-making processes.
基金the Ethic Committee of Lujiang County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine.
文摘BACKGROUND Gastric ulcers(GUs)have a high risk of clinical morbidity and recurrence,and further exploration is needed for the prevention,diagnosis,and treatment of the disease.AIM To investigated the effects of a diet plan on pepsinogen(PG)I,PG II,gastrin-17(G-17)levels and nutritional status in patients with GUs.METHODS A total of 100 patients with GUs treated between May 2022 and May 2023 were enrolled,with 47 patients in the control group receiving routine nursing and 53 patients in the experimental group receiving dietary nursing intervention based on a diet plan.The study compared the two groups in terms of nursing efficacy,adverse events(vomiting,acid reflux,and celialgia),time to symptom improvement(burning sensation,acid reflux,and celialgia),gastric function(PG I,PG II,and G-17 levels),and nutritional status[prealbumin(PA)and albumin(ALB)levels].RESULTS The experimental group showed a markedly higher total effective rate of nursing,a significantly lower incidence of adverse events,and a shorter time to symptom improvement than the control group.Additionally,the experimental group’s post-intervention PG I,PG II,and G-17 levels were significantly lower than preintervention or control group levels,whereas PA and ALB levels were significantly higher.CONCLUSION The diet plan significantly reduced PG I,PG II,and G-17 levels in patients with GUs and significantly improved their nutritional status.
