A Ventral Diverterless High Offset S-shaped Inlet at Transonic Speeds

An investigation on the ventral diverterless high offset S-shaped inlet is carried out at Mach numbers from 0.600 to 1.534, angles of attack from -4° to 9.4°, and yaw angles from 0° to 8°. Results indicate： （1） a large region of low total pressure exists at the lower part of the inlet exit caused by the counter-rotating vortices in the S-shaped duct; （2） the performances of the inlet at Mach number 1.000 reach almost the highest, so the propulsion system could work efficiently in terms of aerodynamics; （3） the total pressure recovery increases slowly at first and then remains unvaried as the Mach number rises from 0.6 to 1.0, however, it does in an opposite manner in the conventional diverter-equipped S-shaped inlet; （4） the performances of the inlet are generally insensitive to angles of attack from -4° to 9.4° and yaw angles from 0° to 8° at Mach number 0.850, and angles of attack from -2° to 6° and yaw angles from 0° to 5° at Mach number 1.534.

Numerical Investigation of Electrohydrodynamic (EHD) Flow Control in an S-Shaped Duct

An electrohydrodynamic （EHD） method, which is based on glow discharge plasma, is presented for flow control in an S-shaped duct. The research subject is an expanding channel with a constant width and a rectangular cross section. An equivalent divergence angle and basic function are introduced to build the three-dimensional model. Subsequently, the plasma physical models are simplified as the effects of electrical body force and work （done by the force） on the fluid near the wall. With the aid of FLUENT software, the source terms of momentum and energy are added to the Navier-Stokes equation. Finally, the original performance of three models （A, B and C） is studied, in which model A demonstrates better performance. Then EHD control based on model A is discussed. The results show that the EHD method is an effective way of reducing flow loss and improving uniformity at the duct exit. The innovation in this study is the assessment of the EHD control effect on the flow in an S-shaped duct. Both the parametric modeling of the S-shaped duct and the simplified models of plasma provide valuable information for future research on aircraft inlet ducts.

Incorporating S-shaped testing-effort functions into NHPP software reliability model with imperfect debugging

Testing-effort（TE） and imperfect debugging（ID） in the reliability modeling process may further improve the fitting and prediction results of software reliability growth models（SRGMs）. For describing the S-shaped varying trend of TE increasing rate more accurately, first, two S-shaped testing-effort functions（TEFs）, i.e.,delayed S-shaped TEF（DS-TEF） and inflected S-shaped TEF（IS-TEF）, are proposed. Then these two TEFs are incorporated into various types（exponential-type, delayed S-shaped and inflected S-shaped） of non-homogeneous Poisson process（NHPP）SRGMs with two forms of ID respectively for obtaining a series of new NHPP SRGMs which consider S-shaped TEFs as well as ID. Finally these new SRGMs and several comparison NHPP SRGMs are applied into four real failure data-sets respectively for investigating the fitting and prediction power of these new SRGMs.The experimental results show that：（i） the proposed IS-TEF is more suitable and flexible for describing the consumption of TE than the previous TEFs;（ii） incorporating TEFs into the inflected S-shaped NHPP SRGM may be more effective and appropriate compared with the exponential-type and the delayed S-shaped NHPP SRGMs;（iii） the inflected S-shaped NHPP SRGM considering both IS-TEF and ID yields the most accurate fitting and prediction results than the other comparison NHPP SRGMs.

Design of an 868 MHz Printed S-Shape Monopole Antenna

The purpose of this work is to design and analyze an s-shaped printed circuit board (PCB) monopole antenna. The antenna was analyzed to operate at a resonance frequency band of 868 MHz;acceptable in 915 MHz as well. The s-shape is selected due to the need of reducing the overall size of the normal monopole antenna. The printed antenna was designed with an approximate overall size of 39 × 56 mm2 of which the antenna’s upper side is 26 × 39 mm2 while its reference ground board was sized at 39 × 30 mm2. The antenna is fed by a strip line of 3 × 1.5 mm2, in series with a 4.4 pF capacitance and shunt with an 8.7 nH inductance for purpose of antenna’s impedance matching with the input. A couple of existing publications showed that PCB antenna is not a new technology;however not an old technology for telecommunication industry. The raised problem by this work was duly solved with HFSS as a tool;excellent results are presented. After duly matching the antenna’s impedance with 50 Ω microstrip feed-line, solutions for overall performance were analyzed and demonstrated optimal: radiation patterns were proven omnidirectional, antenna gain optimized. The present antenna prototype’s overall dimensions can be readjusted according to any industrial and manufacturing requests.

Shaping ability of thermomechanically treated files in simulated S-shaped root canals

Aim: the aim of this study was to investigate the shaping ability of thermomechanically treated files manufactured by twisting(Twisted files)and compare it to conventional rotary system (K3, Sybron Endo, Orange, CA) in S-shaped canals, including formation of ledges, zipping, elbow, outer widening, danger zone, perforation and file deformation. Materials & Methods: Forty S-Shaped canals in resin blocks were randomly divided into 2 groups of 20 each. Pre-instrumentation images of the canals were taken via a digital camera and superimposed on images taken after preparation with TF and K3 systems to apical size of 25/06 and 30/06. Canal aberrations were measured from the superimposed image at five levels using AutoCAD system. Fisher exact test and Mann Whitney test were used for analysis of the data. Results: the incidence of zipping, elbow and apical transportation was significantly lower in the TF group (P = 0.04). Generally the incidence of aberration increased when the apical size increased to 30/0.06 regardless of the file system. Significant file deformation was evident in the TF after single use (P ? 0.001). Conclusion: Under the conditions of this study, TF manufactured by new technique performed better than K3 systems when used up to size 25/06 in simulated S-shaped canals. Clinical significance: The flexibility of thermomechanically treated files is beneficial in canals with multiple curvatures;however, attention should be paid to the instrument taper and final apical size of the preparation.

Enhancement of Characteristics of Antenna Arrays Employing S-Shaped Resonators

This paper illustrates a simple kind of tri-band printed G-shaped monopole antenna for Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output (MIMO) systems. The proposed antenna is used to achieve three operating frequencies, 2.45 GHz, 5.2 GHz and 8.2 GHz for wireless communications. To improve the isolation between the two radiating elements, we use left-handed materials composed of only S-shaped resonators to get negative refractive index at the three operating frequencies. When one layer of S-shaped resonators is employed, the antenna correlation, the diversity gain and the bandwidth are also enhanced. The simulated results are presented and evaluated with and without left-handed materials.

售货机升降系统S型速度控制策略

在传统三闭环控制方式下,售货机升降接货系统易因启停过程中加速度突变产生冲击,导致系统运行不平稳。针对这一问题,文中对传统升降系统加减速控制策略进行改进,加入前馈和微分负反馈,提出一种S型速度曲线控制算法。根据路径规划判别条件将S型速度曲线分为七段式、六段式和四段式3种,并给出各路径约束条件下的参数求解方法和具体执行流程。将该算法运用到升降控制系统中进行仿真和实际工况测试,实验结果表明,与传统三闭环控制相比,文中所提控制策略可以提高售货机升降系统运行的平稳性,减小冲击,使速度曲线更加柔和,并能够保持较好的跟踪性能。

基于混合驱动的分离罗拉运动轨迹规划研究

针对当前棉精梳机分离接合机构运动输出特性固定、振动大等问题,分析棉精梳机分离罗拉分离接合工艺,确定分离罗拉运动的位移关键点位置,根据差动轮系的运动规律提出交替驱动和分段驱动2种动力分配方案,并采用三次样条曲线作为交替驱动位移曲线、S型加减速曲线作为分段驱动位移曲线,通过对比分析得到最佳分离罗拉运动轨迹。指出:当设定棉纤维长度为30 mm时,2种驱动方案均能满足分离接合要求;采用混合驱动机构对分离罗拉高速正反转运动进行分解,实现伺服电机混合驱动分离罗拉,其运动性能更佳。

基于S形速度曲线的键合头运动控制系统研究与分析

根据用户工艺需求,针对全自动芯片键合设备的运动控制模块以及键合头子模块开展需求分析,结合典型试验,设计出基于S形速度曲线的键合头运动控制系统,根据S形速度曲线重新规划了键合头的运动轨迹,使其对芯片键合周期缩短的同时也保证了键合精度。

液压成形对液体火箭发动机多层增强S型波纹管结构疲劳寿命的影响

完善液体火箭发动机燃气摇摆装置中增强S型波纹管组件的疲劳寿命评估方法,提高其疲劳寿命预测精度,是发展可重复使用液体火箭发动机的重要课题之一。针对多层增强S型波纹管,为了计算其液压成形后的实际寿命数据,了解成形工艺对其疲劳寿命的影响,提出一种充分考虑成形制备过程对结构不同区域几何构型和材料力学性能造成差异化影响后的波纹管疲劳寿命分析方法。该方法基于成形仿真和材料拉伸试验结果,构建实际波纹管有限元模型并进行三维仿真分析,得到其在高内压和不同摆动工况下结构危险点的循环载荷信息,并根据波纹管结构的低周疲劳失效特点采用子午向应力应变数据,以及经过平均应力应变修正的Manson-Coffin(M-C)公式对波纹管的循环寿命进行估算和对比分析。结果表明:波纹管疲劳寿命薄弱点位置和大小均与循环摆角有关;在预测计算中考虑液压成形作用影响更接近实际场景,所得结构疲劳寿命大小和所在区域均与理论模型值存在差异,在结构设计、优化和健康监测中不应忽视其影响。

农作物病虫害预警蛇形机器人避障控制研究--基于超声波及红外感器

首先,搭建了农作物病虫害预警蛇形机器人运动学模型,对其被动蜿蜒转弯模式进行详细分析;然后,基于超声波和红外传感器设计了蛇形机器人控制系统,采用Serpenoid曲线策略对蛇形机器人运动姿态进行了研究,并模拟蛇的蜿蜒避障运动。模拟仿真结果表明:蛇形机器人可以自主检测障碍物,通过对移动速度和方向进行控制,能够实现避障处理。

新主流电影英雄形象塑造的新突破与社会美育效能

中国电影一直有塑造英雄的传统,而银幕英雄形象与时俱进的创新,更见证了电影艺术为时代“鼓与呼”的核心要义。新主流电影借由革命英雄人性化、超级英雄立体化、行业英雄多元化、平民英雄大众化、未来英雄智能化等多路径探索,不但通过电影观念上切近“人民英雄史观”的时代性表达,反映中国电影对英雄谱系的增量拓宽与可圈可点的新突破,更以淬炼新时代人民大众的向善向美、家国情怀、文化自信,构建天下大同的文化价值取向与人生审美追求,发挥着新主流电影社会美育的重要效能。

水泵水轮机S特性区能量损失及流动特性研究

为了调节电网的稳定性,抽水蓄能电站需要频繁启停和变换工况运行,导致水泵水轮机容易进入S特性区,机组振动增加,并网失败。本文以模型水泵水轮机为研究对象,采用熵产理论详细分析了S特性区不同工况下的能量损失规律,明确了熵产率分布与内部流动结构的关系。结果表明:S特性区内近飞逸工况总熵产最大,约为设计工况的5.1倍,脉动熵产占据的比例接近80%,随着流量的减小,转轮熵产占比逐渐降低,活动导叶和尾水管的熵产占比增加。小流量工况转轮进口靠近下环位置首先出现了明显的漩涡,导致了活动导叶出口和转轮进口的高熵产区,随着流量进一步减小,漩涡逐渐向上冠转移,并且切向速度增大,在转轮进口形成挡水环,阻碍水流进入转轮,在无叶区内出现了环状分布的高熵产区。反水泵工况,水流在低压边与逆时针旋转的叶片撞击,导致水流很难进入叶片内部,形成了大尺度的回流涡结构;双列叶栅内充满大量涡结构,导致活动导叶吸力面的熵产率增大,并且向固定导叶传播。

男西服领的现代创新设计

随着社会的发展和审美观念的变化,传统男西服领造型已经无法完全满足现代消费者对于个性化和多样化的需求。在此探索男西服领的现代创新设计技法,为男西服领的创新设计提供一定的理论指导。分析男西服领的结构特征,探讨其造型的影响因素,并在此基础上,进一步分析创意设计技法。研究结果表明,男西服领的设计可以通过改变领面、领嘴、翻折止点和串口线等元素来实现多样化,通过变形、夸张、破坏、叠加和装饰等创新设计技法,可以打破传统西服领的常规造型,设计出具有视觉吸引力和结构趣味性的新造型。旨在探索男西服领的现代创新设计技法,为男西服领的创新设计提供一定的理论指导。

S弯收扩喷管过膨胀状态下流动分离特性研究

为了研究S弯收扩喷管过膨胀状态下的流动分离特性,数值模拟了不同落压比(NPR)下S弯收扩喷管内的流动特征。结果表明:在落压比为2.0时,喷管内发生非对称分离,出现非对称的双“λ”激波结构,喷流整体向上偏转,上侧出现限制性流动分离RSS,下侧出现自由性流动分离FSS,并产生三维分离涡,喷流出现明显的三维效应。随着落压比从高度过膨胀状态下开始增加,喷管下侧保持FSS不变,喷管上侧RSS逐渐向后移动,直至与外界大气相连,转变为FSS,之后随着落压比增加,上下侧分离结构逐渐对称。推力矢量角随着落压比的增加先增加,后在极小的落压比变化范围内快速降低,直至变为0°,之后保持0°不变。

多因素影响下的S型管道冲刷腐蚀速率分析

S型管道应用于输运过程中的复杂地形,在上下游弯头处,会形成不同程度的冲刷腐蚀,造成安全隐患。为分析其腐蚀影响因素,建立S型管道腐蚀模型,采用ANSYS的Workbench平台搭建Fluent模块对不同影响因素下的腐蚀模型进行研究,创建数据传输,进而研究流体在流入弯管后各因素与冲蚀速率的关系。结果表明,S型管道冲刷腐蚀受到多因素的影响,尤其是下游弯头处的冲刷腐蚀更为明显。适当减小颗粒物直径、颗粒物质量流量,增大管径和弯径比可以减缓腐蚀及减小腐蚀区域。研究可为管道安全稳定运行提供理论依据。

低比速水泵水轮机“S”形特性对尾水管最小压力敏感性研究

水泵水轮机“S”形特性对机组的水力过渡过程有着要的影响,“S”形特性的优劣是判定模型转轮研发成功与否的关键指标之一,对低比速水泵水轮机显得更为重要。为更深入研究转轮“S”形特性、模型转轮优化设计、水力过渡过程三者间联系,本文定义一种对“S”特性曲线定点定量的分析方法,利用不同试验特性曲线,通过水力过渡过程仿真分析加以判定,对“S”形曲线量化分析以探索三者之间的内在联系。研究表明全特性曲线中间等开度线“S”区弯曲程度对尾水管最小压力敏感性最强,等开度线在“S”区内单位流量与单位转速的比值越大,同一等开度线上飞逸单位流量越大,对提高尾水管进口最小压力越有利;叶片型式和活动导叶翼型优化设计可在一定程度上改善“S”形特性品质,提高甩负荷时尾水管最小压力值。本研成果在低比速水泵水轮机模型转轮研发和水力过渡过程优化计算方面均具有一定参考意义。

含软弱夹层凝灰岩滑坡稳定性计算——以松阳县呈田滑坡为例

含软弱夹层凝灰岩边坡受降雨影响诱发的滑坡一直是浙江省内公路边坡防治的主要对象。为进一步理解不同软弱夹层强度弱化模式对滑坡稳定性的影响,选取典型凝灰岩滑坡——浙江省松阳县呈田滑坡,采用Midas GTS NX有限元软件的强度折减法进行不同降雨条件下的滑坡变形分析,同时引入软弱夹层强度“S”型曲线弱化模型,并优化考虑裂隙水压和渗流力的耦合模型,对比讨论滑坡的稳定系数演化特征。结果表明,滑坡的变形迹象与数值模拟结果得到相互印证,随着降雨持续,变形带由后缘夹层不断向前缘演化扩展;强降雨导致富含黏土矿物的软弱夹层强度弱化是该滑坡失稳的主要原因。通过对比不同方式计算的边坡稳定系数,采用考虑软弱夹层强度“S”型曲线弱化模型计算的滑坡稳定系数随着后缘裂隙水头高度和结构面强度软化阶段表征参数(λL)的增加而快速减小,突出了滑坡变形失稳演化的时间效应,其更适用于滑坡风险评价工作;而采用极限平衡法计算的滑坡稳定系数,突出了计算结果的唯一性,适合于以安全为前提条件的滑坡抢险的风险决策。

基于最低保障和S型效用的DC型养老金的最优投资

假设养老金计划管理者对收益的态度是风险厌恶的,对损失的态度是风险喜好的,因此考虑S型效用函数.本文的目标是在最低保障的约束下,引入S型效用函数,最大化DC型养老金的终端盈余(即养老金账户的终端财富超过年金保障部分)的期望效用.通过将原问题转化为一个自融资问题,然后利用拉格朗日对偶法,凹化技巧以及鞅方法得到最优盈余过程和最优投资策略的表达式.最后通过数值分析得到不同参数对最优终端盈余和最优投资策略的影响.

全功率可变速抽水蓄能机组低水头启动过程动态特性研究

为了解决低水头工况下抽水蓄能机组启动的稳定性问题,该文结合变速技术提出全功率可变速抽水蓄能机组在低水头工况的启动策略,并对全功率可变速抽水蓄能机组低水头启动过程进行模拟。然后,启动转速作为影响变速机组低水头启动特性的重要参数,其对全功率可变速机组低水头工况的启动特性影响规律尚不明晰,因此,针对不同启动转速,分别探究了低水头下启动的动态运行轨迹以及机组的蜗壳压力、尾水管压力的启动动态特性以及励磁系统的启动特性。结果表明:该文提出的变速启动策略,可有效避免机组进入反“S”特性区;在相同初始开度、相同调速器控制等条件下,启动转速为82.5%~87.5%的全功率可变速机组均可快速达到稳态,并且启动运行区域呈现左移现象,机组的蜗壳压力趋于稳定,对励磁系统的影响很小,有利于从根本上解决低水头启动并网困难的问题。该研究为全功率变速机组以及“改造”后定速机组的启动策略提供决策支持。