Megacity pathways in China under the dual carbon goal:The case of Shanghai

The pathways to achieving carbon neutrality at the city level are diverse due to varying energy supply and demand conditions.Shanghai faces obstacles such as limited land resources,high costs of renewable energy technologies,and instability of renewable energy.These challenges hinder the city’s efforts to achieve carbon peak and carbon neutrality(dual carbon).Therefore,Shanghai must identify and optimize its development path for renewable energy under the dual carbon goal.We employed the Low Emissions Analysis Platform Shanghai(LEAP-SH)model to simulate the impact of policies,such as industrial upgrading,energy efficiency improvement,energy structure optimization,increased technical innovation on energy,and ecological restoration,on the carbon emission pathways from 2022 to 2060 using five different scenarios.Our results indicate that Shanghai has the potential to achieve carbon neutrality in 2059 by promoting carbon reduction,pollution control,and green expansion.Moreover,we determined that the manufacturing industry;power generation industry;and transportation,storage,and mail services are the three major sectors for emission reduction under the dual carbon goal.Furthermore,the capacity and output of coal-fired power plants will be gradually replaced by offshore wind power in the dual carbon pathway.Finally,this study proposes countermeasures and suggestions for Shanghai to attain the dual carbon goal and high-quality development.

The 2022 Extreme Heatwave in Shanghai,Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River Valley:Combined Influences of Multiscale Variabilities

In the summer of 2022,China(especially the Yangtze River Valley,YRV)suffered its strongest heatwave(HW)event since 1961.In this study,we examined the influences of multiscale variabilities on the 2022 extreme HW in the lower reaches of the YRV,focusing on the city of Shanghai.We found that about 1/3 of the 2022 HW days in Shanghai can be attributed to the long-term warming trend of global warming.During mid-summer of 2022,an enhanced western Pacific subtropical high(WPSH)and anomalous double blockings over the Ural Mountains and Sea of Okhotsk,respectively,were associated with the persistently anomalous high pressure over the YRV,leading to the extreme HW.The Pacific Decadal Oscillation played a major role in the anomalous blocking pattern associated with the HW at the decadal time scale.Also,the positive phase of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation may have contributed to regulating the formation of the double-blocking pattern.Anomalous warming of both the warm pool of the western Pacific and tropical North Atlantic at the interannual time scale may also have favored the persistency of the double blocking and the anomalously strong WPSH.At the subseasonal time scale,the anomalously frequent phases 2-5 of the canonical northward propagating variability of boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation associated with the anomalous propagation of a weak Madden-Julian Oscillation suppressed the convection over the YRV and also contributed to the HW.Therefore,the 2022 extreme HW originated from multiscale forcing including both the climate warming trend and air-sea interaction at multiple time scales.

Higher Grain-Filling Rate in Inferior Spikelets of Tolerant Rice Genotype Offset Grain Yield Loss under Post-Anthesis High Night Temperatures

Increased nighttime respiratory losses decrease the amount of photoassimilates available for plant growth and yield. We hypothesized that the increased respiratory carbon loss under high night temperatures(HNT) could be compensated for by increased photosynthesis during the day following HNT exposure. Two rice genotypes, Vandana(HNT-sensitive) and Nagina 22(HNT-tolerant), were exposed to HNT(4 ℃ above the control) from flowering to physiological maturity. They were assessed for alterations in the carbon balance of the source(flag leaf) and its subsequent impact on grain filling dynamics and the quality of spatially differentiated sinks(superior and inferior spikelets). Both genotypes exhibited significantly higher night respiration rates. However, only Nagina 22 compensated for the high respiration rates with an increased photosynthetic rate, resulting in a steady production of total dry matter under HNT. Nagina 22 also recorded a higher grain-filling rate, particularly at 5 and 10 d after flowering, with 1.5- and 4.0-fold increases in the translocation of ^(14)C sugars to the superior and inferior spikelets, respectively. The ratio of photosynthetic rate to respiratory rate on a leaf area basis was negatively correlated with spikelet sterility, resulting in a higher filled spikelet number and grain weight per plant, particularly for inferior grains in Nagina 22. Grain quality parameters such as head rice recovery, high-density grains, and gelatinization temperature were maintained in Nagina 22. An increase in the rheological properties of rice flour starch in Nagina 22 under HNT indicated the stability of starch and its ability to reorganize during the cooling process of product formation. Thus, our study showed that sink adjustments between superior and inferior spikelets favored the growth of inferior spikelets, which helped to offset the reduction in grain weight under HNT in the tolerant genotype Nagina 22.

ED-Ged:Nighttime Image Semantic Segmentation Based on Enhanced Detail and Bidirectional Guidance

Semantic segmentation of driving scene images is crucial for autonomous driving.While deep learning technology has significantly improved daytime image semantic segmentation,nighttime images pose challenges due to factors like poor lighting and overexposure,making it difficult to recognize small objects.To address this,we propose an Image Adaptive Enhancement(IAEN)module comprising a parameter predictor(Edip),multiple image processing filters(Mdif),and a Detail Processing Module(DPM).Edip combines image processing filters to predict parameters like exposure and hue,optimizing image quality.We adopt a novel image encoder to enhance parameter prediction accuracy by enabling Edip to handle features at different scales.DPM strengthens overlooked image details,extending the IAEN module’s functionality.After the segmentation network,we integrate a Depth Guided Filter(DGF)to refine segmentation outputs.The entire network is trained end-to-end,with segmentation results guiding parameter prediction optimization,promoting self-learning and network improvement.This lightweight and efficient network architecture is particularly suitable for addressing challenges in nighttime image segmentation.Extensive experiments validate significant performance improvements of our approach on the ACDC-night and Nightcity datasets.

Status,outcome,and related factors of postpartum hypertension in the Shanghai community

BACKGROUND Postpartum hypertension poses a considerable health risk.Despite research on gestational hypertension,comprehensive studies focusing on postpartum hypertension in communities are limited.Understanding its prevalence and associated risk factors is crucial for effective prevention and management.AIM To provide insights for postpartum hypertension’s prevention and management.METHODS In total,3297 women who gave birth between June 2021 and December 2022 in Xuhui District,Shanghai were selected.Blood pressure was measured thrice within one month post-delivery during home visits.Eighty-six women with hypertension were followed up for four months to analyze hypertension persistence and its related risk factors.A predictive model for persistent postpartum hypertension was established and verified using the Nomo diagram model.RESULTS Hypertension prevalence 1 month post-delivery was 2.61%(86/3297).Among the 86 pregnant women,32(37.21%)had persistent hypertension at four months post-delivery.Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that older age[odds ratio(OR)=1.212;95%confidence interval(CI):1.065–1.380]and higher pre-pregnancy body mass index(BMI)(OR=1.188;95%CI:1.006–1.404)were associated with hypertension(OR=10.781;95%CI:1.006–1.404)during pregnancy.A 95%CI of 1.243–93.480 is a risk factor for persistent postpartum hypertension.The Nomograph model accurately predicted the risk of persistent postpartum hypertension,demonstrating high precision.CONCLUSION In Xuhui,older age,higher pre-pregnancy BMI,and gestational hypertension are risk factors for persistent postpartum hypertension.Our prediction model can identify high-risk individuals,thereby improving patient quality of life.

Paper Analysis of Shanghai Ocean University in Bibliometric Method from Web of Science

The data of this research was mainly collected from the Web of Science (WOS) and Incites database platform, which was filtered and cataloged according to the different platforms. For tracing the change in scientific research at Shanghai Ocean University, make use of Bibliometric analysis to get the image and table of highly cited papers and hot papers. In this study, the scientific aspects in highly cited papers and hot papers, published in the last year in the core collection of Web of Science, were taken as objects, and office software was used as the main tool to carry out bibliometric and figure analysis. From the four aspects to find the difference in these fields, the production of specific fields and cited times is inconsistent. And suggest the department and management adjust the policy and method via elastic personnel and rewards to prompt the advancement of the research fields.

The Study on the Spatial Narrative in Jin Yucheng’s Flowers of Shanghai

Spatial narrative,as a unique literary narrative technique,focuses on advancing the plot and shaping characters through meticulous portrayal of space,providing readers with rich visual and perceptual experiences.This paper examines the spatial narrative utilized in Jin Yucheng’s novel,Flowers of Shanghai.Through an in-depth analysis of the spatial narrative techniques in the novel,this paper asserts that such an exploration has far-reaching consequences in broadening research perspectives and fostering interdisciplinary collaborations between literature and geography.Furthermore,the paper explores the unique aspects of narrative perspective,narrative structure,and narrative time in Flowers of Shanghai,and how these elements perfectly combine with spatial narrative to create a fascinating literary world for readers.The aim of this study is to deeply explore the artistic value and literary charm of the novel through a comprehensive interpretation of the spatial narrative in Flowers of Shanghai.

High-quality Development of the Pearl River Night Tour in the Context of Deep Integration of Culture and Tourism

Urban night tourism is a new form of urban tourism development and an important driving force for the prosperity of urban night economy.As the most prestigious business card among many night tour projects in Guangzhou,the Pearl River water night tour has contributed to the development of Guangzhou s night economy,which cannot be underestimated.However,in the process of rapid development,there are also problems such as diversified operators,insufficient integration of intangible cultural elements,excessive commercial attributes,issues of tourism facilities and service facilities.Under the new stage of integrated development of culture and tourism,how to use mutual promotion of culture and tourism in the Pearl River night tour to seek innovative paths for high-quality development in the future is the main problem expected to be solved in this paper.Therefore,based on the perspective of culture and tourism integration,this paper analyzes the general situation and development status of the Pearl River night tour,and proposes five development strategies:the overall planning of culture and tourism integration,the deep integration of intangible cultural elements,the balance of commercial attributes and tourism attributes,the high integration of culture,business,tourism and education,and the creation of tourism atmosphere,in order to provide inspiration for the healthy,orderly and high-quality development of the Pearl River night tour.

“Shanghai Summer”热浪滚滚

上海打造国际消费中心城市又一标志性品牌活动——首届“上海之夏”国际消费季已在烈日灼灼七月的上海铺展开来,“Shanghai Summer”的热度可谓海天云蒸、流金石。

Strategies for Applying LED Lights in Night Space Lighting for Bridges

LED lights have been widely used in urban night space lighting in recent years as they are small,energy-saving,and efficient.This article explores the use of LEDs in bridge night space lighting and their application strategies.The aim is to offer valuable insights and references for urban planners and bridge lighting designers in China.By advancing the application of LED technology in bridge night lighting,the goal is to enhance the city’s nighttime ambiance,making the bridge an iconic landmark and a defining feature of the city.

The biosafety level-2 macromolecular crystallography beamline(BL10U2)at the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility

BL10U2 is an undulator-based macromolecular crystallography(MX)beamline located at the 3.5-GeV Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility.BL10U2 is specifically designed for conducting routine and biosafety level-2(BSL-2)MX experiments utilizing high-flux tunable X-rays with energies from 7 to 18 keV,providing a beam spot size of 20μm(horizontal)×10μm(vertical)at the sample point.Certification by the Shanghai Pudong Municipal Health Commission confirmed the capability to perform BSL-2 MX experiments.The beamline is currently equipped with an Eiger X 16 M detector and two newly developed in-house high-precision diffractometers that can be switched to perform conventional or in situ crystal diffraction experiments.An automatic sample changer developed in-house allows fast sample exchange in less than 30 s,supporting high-throughput MX experimentation and rapid crystal screening.Data collection from both the diffractometer and detector was controlled by an in-house developed data collection software(Finback)with a user-friendly interface for convenient operation.This study presents a comprehensive overview of the facilities,experimental methods,and performance characteristics of the BL10U2 beamline.

BL02U1:the relocated macromolecular crystallography beamline at the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility

Macromolecular crystallography beamline BL17U1 at the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility has been relocated,upgraded,and given a new ID(BL02U1).It now delivers X-rays in the energy range of 6–16 keV,with a focused beam of 11.6μm×4.8μm and photon flux greater than 1012 phs/s.The high credibility and stability of the beam and good timing synchronization of the equipment significantly improve the experimental efficiency.Since June 2021,when it officially opened to users,over 4200 h of beamtime have been provided to over 200 research groups to collect data at the beamline.Its good performance and stable operation have led to the resolution of several structures based on data collected at the beamline.

Understanding the spatiotemporal patterns of nighttime urban vibrancy in central Shanghai inferred from mobile phone data

In recent years,major cities around the world such as New York in USA,Melbourne in Australia,and Shanghai in China,have planned to boost their nighttime urban vibrancy levels to spur the economy and achieve cultural diversity.The study of nighttime urban vibrancy from the perspective of spatiotemporal characteristics is increasingly being recognized as part of the essential work in the field of urban planning and geography.This research used mobile phone signaling records to measure urban vibrancy in central Shanghai and revealed its spatiotemporal patterns during nighttime.Specifically,this research explored the changes of urban vibrancy within a day,studied the distribution of urban vibrancy during the nighttime,and visually presented the spatiotemporal changes of nighttime urban vibrancy in central Shanghai.Moreover,on the basis of the behavior pattern of each mobile user,we classified nighttime urban vibrancy into three different types:nighttime working vibrancy,nighttime leisure vibrancy,and nighttime floating vibrancy.We then tried to determine how land use affected nighttime leisure vibrancy.The results showed that urban vibrancy in central Shanghai exhibits a periodic pattern over one-day period.A high-level nighttime urban vibrancy belt is present within central Shanghai.Business offices,hotels,entertainment and recreational districts,wholesale markets,and express services contribute most to the vibrancy at nighttime.In addition,the correlation analysis shows that public and commercial facilities generate high levels of nighttime leisure vibrancy than residential facilities.The mixed land use of public and commercial facilities and residential facilities within 500 m is more critical than the mixed use of a single land lot.The research can be a basis for supporting land use planning and providing evidence for policy-making to improve the level of nighttime urban vibrancy in cities.

Short-term night lighting disrupts lipid and glucose metabolism in Zebra Finches:Implication for urban stopover birds

Night lighting has been shown to affect wild animals.To date,the effects of night lighting on the metabolic homeostasis of birds that spend short time in urban environments remain unclear.Using model bird species Zebra Finch(Taeniopygia guttata),we investigated the effects of short-term night lighting on liver transcriptome,blood glucose,triglyceride,and thyroxine(T4 and T3)levels in birds exposed to two different night lighting duration periods(three days and six days).After three days of night lighting exposure,the expression of genes involved in fat synthesis in the liver was upregulated while the expression of genes involved in fatty acid oxidation and triglyceride decomposition was downregulated.There was also a reduction in blood triglyceride,glucose,and T3 concentrations.However,after six days of night lighting,the expression of genes associated with fatty acid decomposition and hyperglycemia in the liver was upregulated,while the expression of genes involved in fat synthesis was downregulated.Simultaneously,blood glucose levels and T3 concentration increased.These findings indicate that short-term exposure to night lighting can disrupt the lipid and glucose metabolism of small passerine birds,and longer stopovers in urban area with intense night lighting may cause birds to consume more lipid energy.

High-quality Development Path of Night Tourism in Guangzhou:A Case Study of Firefly Night Tour

Night tourism often involves a large number of lighting facilities,which consume a large amount of energy.Therefore,one of the unique low energy consumption natural ecological tourism activities—firefly night tour has attracted attention and become an important breakthrough point for night tourism in tourist destinations.In this paper,Guangzhou firefly night tour project is taken as the research object.Based on the comprehensive economic,environmental,and socio-cultural benefits brought by the development of firefly night tour,the resources distribution,current development status,and existing problems of firefly night tour in Guangzhou are analyzed,and its high-quality development paths are proposed from three levels:government,industry,and tourist.The aim is to explore a new model for the economic development of Guangzhou night tour,boosting the transformation and upgrading of the night tourism economy,while also providing reference ideas and value for the development of night tourism economy in other tourist destinations.

Night Economy Glows with New Vitality

According to data from ii-Media Research,China’s night economy has grown rapidly since 2016.By the end of 2020,the scale of China’s night economy had exceeded RMB 30 trillion,an increase of 5.0%over the same period of last year,and it is expected to exceed RMB 48 trillion in 2023.According to the latest survey data of the Ocean Engine City Institute in 2023,more than 60%of respondents will go out for activities or consumption at night,among which citizens in high-speed cities have a higher preference for going out at night because of the relatively perfect urban infrastructure.

Single-image night haze removal based on color channel transfer and estimation of spatial variation in atmospheric light

The visible-light imaging system used in military equipment is often subjected to severe weather conditions, such as fog, haze, and smoke, under complex lighting conditions at night that significantly degrade the acquired images. Currently available image defogging methods are mostly suitable for environments with natural light in the daytime, but the clarity of images captured under complex lighting conditions and spatial changes in the presence of fog at night is not satisfactory. This study proposes an algorithm to remove night fog from single images based on an analysis of the statistical characteristics of images in scenes involving night fog. Color channel transfer is designed to compensate for the high attenuation channel of foggy images acquired at night. The distribution of transmittance is estimated by the deep convolutional network DehazeNet, and the spatial variation of atmospheric light is estimated in a point-by-point manner according to the maximum reflection prior to recover the clear image. The results of experiments show that the proposed method can compensate for the high attenuation channel of foggy images at night, remove the effect of glow from a multi-color and non-uniform ambient source of light, and improve the adaptability and visual effect of the removal of night fog from images compared with the conventional method.

China’s Regional and Global Policy Through the Shanghai Cooperation Organization

China,as a new global power,is expanding its influence across the globe and regions through various strategies and means,including regional and global organizations,in the post-Cold War era.As a result,since the Shanghai Cooperation Organization(SCO)was established in 2001,China,as one of its major founders,had attempted to use the SCO as a platform for influence beyond its borders.This paper aims to investigate China’s growing influence and diplomatic prowess through the SCO.

Research on the implementation of the Convention on Biological Diversity among the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation countries

The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation(SCO)is the most extensive and populous comprehensive regional cooperation organization in the world,covering about half of the world's population,with not only a huge consumer market,but also rich natural resources and strong productivity.As one of the important platforms for the implementation of the Green Belt and Road Initiative,it is an important opportunity for the SCO to actively participate in global governance and contribute to building a community of global life.To investigate the status of biodiversity conservation in the SCO countries,we used literature analysis approach.We surveyed the performance and international cooperation status of the SCO countries in the implementation of the Convention on Biological Diversity(CBD),listed facing problems and threats to biodiversity conservation,including not optimistic biodiversity conservation project implementation status,contradiction between ecological protection and economic development,impacts of human activities,lack of funds and talents,etc.,and analyzed the biodiversity protection needs of the SCO countries from the perspectives of project and policy implementation status and international cooperation.According to the cooperation between China and the other SCO countries on biodiversity conservation and the post-2020 global biodiversity framework goals,we gave some recommendations:(1)promoting access to genetic resources and benefit-sharing;(2)integrating multiple funds and innovating the implementation of funding mechanism;(3)developing talent training and exchange programs and deepening multilateral cooperation;(4)strengthening cross-border cooperation and improving cooperation network;and(5)establishing a coordination mechanism for biodiversity conservation within the framework of the SCO.

Bonfire Night

In the UK,Bonfire Night or Guy Fawkes Night is celebrated on 5 November and the night skies are filled with colour.It’s a special day in honour of a historic event.