Genetic Parameters Evaluation of Main Reproductive Traits for the New Yorkshire Dam Line with High Prolificacy

The genetic parameters of main reproductive traits for the new Yorkshire line with high prolificacy were evaluated by multiple animal model DFREML The re- suits showed that the heritability evaluates of the total number of born （TNB）, alive number of born （ANB）, litter weigh at birth （LWB） and litter weight at age of 21 days were 0.10, 0.15, 0.09 and 0.14, respectively. The genetic correlations between these traits, for example, the correlations between TNB/ANB, NB/LWB, TNB/LW21, ANB/LWB, ANB/LW21 and LWB/LW21 were 0.87, 0.74, 0.43, 0.69, 0.59 and 0.51, respectively.

Combined Selection Index for New Yorkshire Dam Line with High Prolificacy

The combined selection index used in the breeding of new Yorkshire dam line with high prolificacy according to breeding objects was formulated as /：2.272E- BVNB-0.056EBVDAYS. After 5 generations breeding, the two main selected traits such as total number of born and age at 100 kg weight was 12.17 piglets/litter and 165.18 d, respectively. The genetic improvements per generates was 0.156 and -2.198, respec- tively. The breeding objects of the new Yorkshire dam line with high prolificacy were basically reached. It indicated that the methods and index could be used in pig breeding.

Relationships of climate change and tree ring of Betula ermanii tree line forest in Changbai Mountain

Based on the tree-ring growth characteristics of Erman＇s birch （Betula ermanii charm.） and the relationships between it and climatic ）＇actors at elevation of 1950m, the sensitivity of tree lines in Changbai Mountain to climatic factors was assessed. The results indicated tree line forest in Changbai Mountain had an obvious sensitivity to climate factors. However, difference from other study sits is that the main climatic control factor on tree-ring growth was not current growth season temperatures, as might be expected, but previous winter and current March temperature. Although the precipitation in the region was quite abundant, the tree-ring growth was still significantly correlated with the precipitation during previous winter and current spring. Additionally, climatic factors which influenced the Erman＇s birch growth were not the yearly variables, but seasonal and monthly variables. Therefore, the reported increase in yearly mean temperature and total yearly precipitation since 1980s was not responded by sustained increase in ring widths in recent decades.

CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MERIDIONALLY ORIENTED SHEAR LINES OVER THE TIBETAN PLATEAU AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH RAINSTORMS IN THE BOREAL SUMMER HALF-YEAR

In this paper,European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ECMWF)Reanalysis-Interim(ERAInterim)data and daily precipitation data in China from May to October during 1981-2016 are used to study the climatic characteristics of the meridionally oriented shear lines(MSLs)over the Tibetan Plateau(TP).The relationship between the MSL and rainstorms in the eastern TP and neighboring areas of the TP during the boreal summer half-year is also investigated.An objective method,which uses a combination of three parameters,i.e.the zonal shear of the meridional wind,the relative vorticity and the zero line of meridional wind,is adopted to identify the shear line.The results show that there are two high-occurrence centers of MSL.One is over the central TP(near 90°E)and the other is over the steep slope area of the eastern TP.Fewer MSLs are found along the Yarlung Zangbo River over the western TP and the southern Tibet.There are averagely 42.2 MSL days in each boreal summer half-year.The number of MSL days reaches the maximum of 62 in 2014 and the minimum of 22 in 2006.July and October witness the maximum of 10.2 MSL days/year and the minimum of 4.2 MSL days/year,respectively.The annual number of the MSL days shows periodicities of 2-4 and 4-6 years,which is quite similar to those of the MSL rainstorm days.In the neighboring areas of the TP,nearly56%of the MSLs lead to rainstorms,and nearly 40%of rainstorms are caused by the MSLs,indicating a close relationship between the MSLs and rainstorms in this region.

Online application of automatic surface quality inspection system to finishing line of cold rolled strips

An automatic surface quality inspection system installed on a finishing lineof cold rolled strips is introduced. The system is able to detect surface defects on cold rolledstrips, such as scratches, coil breaks, rusts, roll imprints, and so on. Multiple CCD area scancameras were equipped to capture images of strip surface simultaneously. Defects were detectedthrough 'Dark-field illumination' which is generated by LED illuminators. Parallel computationtechnique and fast processing algorithms were developed for real-time data processing. Theapplication to the production line shows that the system is able to detect defects effectively.

CO2 Pressure Shift and Broadening of Water Lines Near 790 nm

Carbon dioxide pressure-broadened ro-vibrational transitions belonging to thev^2＋3v^3 band of H2160 have been measured with a sensitive cavity ring-down spectrometer. Water vapor of relatively low pressures （〈0.5 Torr） was used to limit the self-collisions among water molecules. After the calibration using the precise atomic transitions of Rb and a thermo- stabilized Fabry-Perot interferometer, 10^-5 cm^-1 frequency accuracy has been achieved. Line parameters are derived from least-squares fitting of the spectra using the ＂soft＂ collision model. The retrieved line parameters can be applied in the study of water absorption in the CO2-rich atmospheres of planets like Venus and Mars.

Determination of the Number of SSR Alleles Necessary for the Analysis of Genetic Relationships Between Maize Inbred Lines

The amount of molecular marker information has considerable impact on the results of studies of crop germplasm genetic relationships in crop. The number of alleles required to reveal genetic relationship in maize inbred lines is a theoretical issue that needs to be addressed. In this study, 112 pairs of SSR （simple sequence repeat） primers and 97 maize inbred lines were selected to study the relationship between the number of inbred lines and the number of SSR primers and alleles required for a stable cluster. The results showed that the number of SSR primers is not tightly associated with the stability of the cluster analysis results, while an increase in the number of alleles can significantly improve the stability of cluster analysis results. The number of inbred lines （X） is significantly associated with the number of alleles required for stable cluster analysis （Y）, and the regression equation is Y- 600.8xe（-15.9/x）. This equation can be used to calculate the number of SSR alleles required for a genetic relationship study of maize inbred lines. These results provide a reference for determining of SSR alleles number in genetic relationship analysis of maize inbred line and other crop germplasm.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HORIZONTAL VORTICITY INDUCED BY VERTICAL SHEAR AND VERTICAL MOTION DURING A SQUALL LINE PROCESS

The horizontal vorticity equation used in this study was obtained using the equations of motion in the pressure coordinate system without considering friction, to reveal its relationship with vertical shear. By diagnostically analyzing each term in the horizontal vorticity equation during a squall line process that occurred on 19 June 2010, we found that the non-thermal wind term had a negative contribution to the local change of upward movement in the low-level atmosphere, and that its impact changed gradually from negative to positive with altitude, which could influence upward movement in the mid-and upper-level atmosphere greatly. The contribution of upward vertical transport to vertical movement was the largest in the low-level atmosphere, but had negative contribution to the upper-level atmosphere. These features were most evident in the development stage of the squall line. Based on analysis of convection cells along a squall line, we found that in the process of cell development diabatic heating caused the subsidence of constant potential temperature surface and non-geostrophic motion, which then triggered strong convergence of horizontal acceleration in the mid-level atmosphere and divergence of horizontal acceleration in the upper-level atmosphere. These changes of horizontal wind field could cause a counterclockwise increment of the horizontal vorticity around the warm cell, which then generated an increase of upward movement. This was the main reason why the non-thermal wind term had the largest contribution to the strengthening of upward movement in the mid-and upper-level atmosphere. The vertical transport of large value of horizontal vorticity was the key to trigger convection in this squall line process.

Study on Relationship Between Polymorphisms in FSHβ,ESR,PRLR Genes of A Novel Huai Pig Line II and Its Litter Size

tract By employing PCR-RFLP technique, we detected the polymorphisms in FSHβ, ESR, PRLR genes of a novel Huai pig line II （generation 1 ） and their effects on initial litter size, and analyzed the aggregation effect of multi-gene combined genotype on initial litter size. The results showed that the genotype frequencies of ESR and PRLR genes were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium other than the genotype frequency of FSHβ gene. Allele A of FSHβ, ESR and PRLR gene had a positive additive effect on reproductive traits. The favorable genotypes of FSHβ and ESR genes was AA- type, while in PRLR gene was AB-type in the 112 pig individuals detected. With regard to FSHβ and ESR genes, AA-type individuals＇ TNB of were respectively 1.54 （P 〈0.05） and 2.13 （P 〈 0.01 ） higher than the BB-type individuals＇; AA-type individuals＇ AN B of the two genes were respectively 1.55 （ P 〈 0.05） and 1.82 （ P 〈 0.01 ） higher than the BB-type individuals＇. Concerning PRLR gene, AB-type individuals＇ TNB was 0.77 （ P 〉 0.05 ） and 1.59（P〈0.05） higher than that of AA and BB-type individuals respectively, and ANB was 0.65（P〉0.05） and 1.8（ P〈0.01 ） higher than AA and BB-type individuals＇ respectively. Moreover, our results also showed that the AAAABB combination genotype of FSHβ , ESR, PRLR genes bore more than all other combination genotypes, but only 2 individuals were proved to be AAAABB genotype. Consequently, pyramiding FSHβ and ESR genes could to a large extent enhance TNB and NBA of individuals. Therefore, we advise, in next generation that those individuals with AAAA combination genotype of FSHβ and ESR should be selected to increase frequency of allele A, whether PRLR gene is proper for pyramiding with the other genes or not is still to be studied further.

Estimation of the Genetic Parameters on Reproduction Performances of the China Yorkshire Line SⅡ_1

[Objective] This study was to investigate the genetic parameters on reproduction performances of China Yorkshire line SII,. [Method] Using China Yorkshire line SII, as experimental animal, its genetic parameters on reproduction performance, such as total number of born （TNB）, the alive number of born （ANB）, the litter weight of born （LWB） and the litter weight at age of 21 days （/W21 ） , were estimated by using the DFREML method of multi-traits animal model. [Result] The heritability estimates of TNB, ANB, LWB and LW21 were 0.11,0.19, 0.14 and 0.05, respectively; and the genetic correlations between the traits as TNB/ANB, TNB/LWB, TNB/LW21, ANB/LWB, ANB/LW21, LWB/LW21 were 0.91, 0.76, 0.65, 0.85, 0.59 and 0.38, respectively. [ Conclusion] Main genetic parameters of reproduction traits in China Yorkshire line all, have all reached or even exceeded the requirements of breeding.

THE DIFFERENTIATION INDUCING EFFECT OF TANSHINONE AND RETINOIC ACID ON HUMAN CERVICAL CARCINOMA CELL LINE（ME180） IN VITRO

The cervical carcinoma cell line, ME180 cells were treated with tanshinone (Tan) or retinoic acid (RA) in DMSO (final concentration 0.02%, V/V) on 4 successive days. The cells treated with the same concentration of DMSO alone served as control. Morphological studies with light and transmission electron microscopy showed that the cells treated with both Tan and RA became welldifferentiated. The cellular growth and proliferation were suppressed (as revealed by cell counting. [3H]-thymidine uptake and colony-forming assay). The number of nuclear organizer regions(AgNORs) in cells reduced and the distribution type returned nearly to normal type. The tumorigenicity in nude mice was reduced. The cell RNA dot hybridization showed that the expression of c-myc and c-Ha-ras mRNA was inhibited markedly. All above results showed that Tan and RA could reverse some malignant Phenotype and possessed differentiation inducing activity on ME180 cell line. No significant difference was observed between the cells treated with Tan and RA.

Reversing effect of Tanshinone on malignant phenotypes of human hepatocarcinoma cell line

AIM To study the reversing effect of Chinese drug tanshinone on malignant phenotype of cancer cells.METHODS Human hepatocarcinoma cell line (SMMC-7721) was treated in vitro with 0.5mg/L tanshinone for 4 days, and variation in cell differentiation was detected.RESULTS The morphology of cancer cells was tended toward well differentiation and cell growth was markedly inhibited. BrdU uptake assay and immunohistochemical stain of PCNA showed that the BrdU labeling rate and PCNA positive rate were lower than the controls, but no difference was found statistically as compared with all transretinoic acid. Flow cytometric assay demonstrated that S phase cells decreased and G0/G1 phase cells increased. Expression of c-myc oncogene protein decreased but the c-fos oncogene protein markedly increased.CONCLUSION Tanshinone could reverse the inducing differentiation in human hepatocarcinoma cells (SMMC-7721). It may become a new prospective inducer of cell differentiation to treat cancers.

Steps Towards a Fully Automated Classification and Redshiftmeasurement Pipeline for LAMOST Spectra. I.Continuum level and wavelength estimation for galaxies

The Large Sky-Area Multi-Object Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST) under construction by the National Astronomical Observatories will yield up to four thousand multi-fiber spectra of stars and galaxies per field. The present series of papers describes the automated data-reduction pipeline currently being designed in order to cope with the anticipated flood of spectrographic data. In this preliminary paper, we present an automated method for estimating the continuum level, the positions of strong lines and the 4000 A break in galaxy spectra. In order to obtain detailed information on the continuum, we use a wavelet filter bank. After continuum fitting, our software searches for a 4000 A break and distinguishes between emission-line galaxies (ELGs) and non-ELGs according to whether the break is small or large. It then searches for strong lines and measures the intensities of emission lines and the equivalent widths of absorption lines. For non-ELGs, the absorption lines are identified automatically yielding redshift measurements.

Acoustic multipath structure in direct zone of deep water and bearing estimation of tow ship noise of towed line array

In the towed line array sonar system,the tow ship noise is the main factor that affects the sonar performance.Conventional noise cancelling methods assume that the noise is towards the endfire direction of the array.An acoustic experiment employing a towed line array is conducted in the western Pacific Ocean,and a strange bearing-splitting phenomenon of the tow ship noise is observed in the array.The tow ship noise is split into multiple noise signals whose bearings are distributed between 10°and 90°deviating from the endfire direction.The multiple interferences increase the difficulty in recognizing the target for the sonar operator and noise cancellation.Therefore,making the mechanism clear and putting forward the tow ship noise splitting bearing estimation method are imperative.In this paper,the acoustic multi-path structure of the tow ship in deep water is analyzed.Then it is pointed out that the bearing-splitting phenomenon is caused by the main lobe of direct rays and bottom-reflected rays,as well as several side lobes of direct rays.Meanwhile,the indistinguishability between the elevation angle and the bearing angle due to the axial symmetry of a strict horizontal line array causes the bearing to deviate from the endfire direction.Based on the theory above,a method of estimating bearing of the tow ship noise in deep water is proposed.The theoretical analysis results accord with the experimental results,which helps to identify the target and provide correct initial bearing guidance for noise cancelation methods.

Intensities and shifts of Lyman and Balmer lines of hydrogen-like ions in high density plasmas

The spectral line intensities and line shifts of Lyman and Balmer series for transitions up to n=5 of hydrogen-like ion are studied in plasmas with densities and temperatures in the ranges n_(c)~10^(18)-10^(21)cm^(-3),T_(e)=0.3e1.2 eV respectively.The screened potential used to describe the interaction between charged particles includes the electron exchange-correlation and finite-temperature gradient effects and is valid for both weakly and strongly coupled plasmas.The dependencies of alpha,beta and gamma line shifts of Lyman and Balmer series on plasma density(for fixed temperature)and temperature(for fixed density)are investigated.The results for the H_(a)line shifts are compared with the available high-density experimental data.

A Uniform Reference Line Based Differential Phase Shifter with Wide Phase Range and Wide Bandwidth

To implement the multi-way phase shifting maintaining the compact size and simplicity in structure,the uniform reference line concept was proposed for the differential phase shifter.However,the performance in bandwidth and phase range deteriorates with the additional requirements considered.To solve this problem,a quarter wavelength coupled line section loaded with open/short stubs is proposed as the basic element to implement the main line and also reference line.According to the theoretical analysis on this basic element,the loading stubs can be used to control the phase shift and also the phase slope of the basic element without affecting the amplitude property.With the predetermined parameters of the uniform reference line,only two parameters are required for the implementation of different differential phase shifts.This demonstrates the high simplicity of the proposed structure.For demonstration,an eight-way differential phase shifter operating at 3.5 GHz was implemented using the vertically installed planar structure.The prototype was further fabricated and measured.Good agreement between simulation and measurement can be observed.The implemented phase shifter can provide a wide range of phase shifting values from 45°to 315°with reference to the uniform reference line over a relative bandwidth of 62.3%.

A monolithic distributed phase shifter based on right-handed nonlinear transmission lines at 30 GHz

The epitaxial material, device structure, and corresponding equivalent large signal circuit model of GaAs planar Schottky varactor diode are successfully developed to design and fabricate a monolithic phase shifter, which is based on right-handed nonlinear transmission lines and consists of a coplanar waveguide transmission line and periodically distributed GaAs planar Schottky varactor diode. The distributed-Schottky transmission-line-type phase shifter at a bias voltage greater than 1.5 V presents a continuous 0°–360° differential phase shift over a frequency range from 0 to 33 GHz. It is demonstrated that the minimum insertion loss is about 0.5 dB and that the return loss is less than-10 dB over the frequency band of 0–33 GHz at a reverse bias voltage less than 4.5 V. These excellent characteristics, such as broad differential phase shift, low insertion loss, and return loss, indicate that the proposed phase shifter can entirely be integrated into a phased array radar circuit.

Analysis on the Relationship between Ecological Protection Red Line and Red Lines of Other Elements

Ecological protection red line is the minimum spatial area and territorial boundary line to be protected to realize the unification of economic,social and ecological benefits by increasing the national and regional ecological capital stock,maintaining ecological security,improving people's livelihood,promoting the sustainable development of economy and society,and upgrading the function of natural ecosystem.There are connections and differences between ecological protection red line and the red lines of cultivated land,forestry ecology,water resources control and marine ecology.Essentially speaking,they are all to maintain national ecological security and social stability,and create a good living environment for the people.

Relationship between NRAGE and the radioresistance of esophageal carcinoma cellline TE13R120

Background and Objective: The mRNA levels of 59 genes, detected by cDNA microarray, were up-regulated in the radioresistant human esophageal cacinoma cell line TE13R120 as compared with its parental cell line TE13 before and after radiation, and the expression of NRAGE gene showed a gradually up-regulating tendency. This study aimed to further detect the differences of NRAGE gene and protein expression and apoptosis between TE13R120 and TE13 cells, and to investigate the relationship between the NRAGE and the radioresistance of TE13R120 cells and its mechanism. Methods: The two cell lines were irradiated by 60 Co γ-ray at different conditions. Reverse transcription- polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), Western blot, and immunocytochemistry were used to detect the expression of NRAGE. Flow cytometry (FCM) was used to detect the cell apoptosis before and after irradiation. Results: The mRNA level of NRAGE was higher in TE13R120 cells than in TE13 cells before and after irradiation (before radiation: 0.25 ± 0.03 vs. 0.49 ± 0.03; 4 Gy 4 h: 0.31 ± 0.03 vs. 0.53 ± 0.02; 4 Gy 16 h: 0.32 ± 0.04 vs. 0.59 ± 0.04; 4 Gy 24 h: 0.36 ± 0.05 vs. 0.72 ± 0.04; 2 Gy 12 h: 0.32 ± 0.02 vs. 0.64 ± 0.04; 6 Gy 12 h: 0.36 ± 0.02 vs. 0.79 ± 0.05; 10 Gy 12 h: 0.46 ± 0.04 vs. 0.85 ± 0.01; P < 0.01), and the mRNA level of NRAGE was increased gradually with the increase of radiation dose and time in the two cell lines (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01). Western blot results showed no difference of NRAGE protein level in cytoplasm between TE13R120 cells and TE13 cells before and after irradiation, but its level in nuclei was higher in TE13R120 cells than in TE13 cells at different radiation time and dosages. Immunocytochemistry showed similar results as Western blot. FCM showed no significant difference in apoptosis rate between TE13R120 and TE13 cells before and after radiation. Conclusion: NRAGE may play an important role in the radiation responses of the two cell lines, and may participate in the formation of radioresistance of TE13R120 cells by changing its subcellular localization, but its relationship with cell apoptosis has not been confirmed.

ANALYSIS OF THE CAPACITANCE OF RECTANGULAR SHIELDED LINE WITH OFFSET INNER CONDUCTOR

The partial charge-simulation method is presented for calculating the capacitances of rectangularshielded lines with offset inner conductors.The capacitances calculated by using this method are in goodagreement with those of other available methods.This method can improve the accuracy by increasing theterm number N of series.